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+# 2001 September 15
+#
+# The author disclaims copyright to this source code. In place of
+# a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+#
+# May you do good and not evil.
+# May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+# May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+#
+#***********************************************************************
+# This file implements regression tests for SQLite library.
+#
+# This file implements tests for proper treatment of the special
+# value NULL.
+#
+
+set testdir [file dirname $argv0]
+source $testdir/tester.tcl
+
+# Create a table and some data to work with.
+#
+do_test null-1.0 {
+ execsql {
+ begin;
+ create table t1(a,b,c);
+ insert into t1 values(1,0,0);
+ insert into t1 values(2,0,1);
+ insert into t1 values(3,1,0);
+ insert into t1 values(4,1,1);
+ insert into t1 values(5,null,0);
+ insert into t1 values(6,null,1);
+ insert into t1 values(7,null,null);
+ commit;
+ select * from t1;
+ }
+} {1 0 0 2 0 1 3 1 0 4 1 1 5 {} 0 6 {} 1 7 {} {}}
+
+# Check for how arithmetic expressions handle NULL
+#
+do_test null-1.1 {
+ execsql {
+ select ifnull(a+b,99) from t1;
+ }
+} {1 2 4 5 99 99 99}
+do_test null-1.2 {
+ execsql {
+ select ifnull(b*c,99) from t1;
+ }
+} {0 0 0 1 99 99 99}
+
+# Check to see how the CASE expression handles NULL values. The
+# first WHEN for which the test expression is TRUE is selected.
+# FALSE and UNKNOWN test expressions are skipped.
+#
+do_test null-2.1 {
+ execsql {
+ select ifnull(case when b<>0 then 1 else 0 end, 99) from t1;
+ }
+} {0 0 1 1 0 0 0}
+do_test null-2.2 {
+ execsql {
+ select ifnull(case when not b<>0 then 1 else 0 end, 99) from t1;
+ }
+} {1 1 0 0 0 0 0}
+do_test null-2.3 {
+ execsql {
+ select ifnull(case when b<>0 and c<>0 then 1 else 0 end, 99) from t1;
+ }
+} {0 0 0 1 0 0 0}
+do_test null-2.4 {
+ execsql {
+ select ifnull(case when not (b<>0 and c<>0) then 1 else 0 end, 99) from t1;
+ }
+} {1 1 1 0 1 0 0}
+do_test null-2.5 {
+ execsql {
+ select ifnull(case when b<>0 or c<>0 then 1 else 0 end, 99) from t1;
+ }
+} {0 1 1 1 0 1 0}
+do_test null-2.6 {
+ execsql {
+ select ifnull(case when not (b<>0 or c<>0) then 1 else 0 end, 99) from t1;
+ }
+} {1 0 0 0 0 0 0}
+do_test null-2.7 {
+ execsql {
+ select ifnull(case b when c then 1 else 0 end, 99) from t1;
+ }
+} {1 0 0 1 0 0 0}
+do_test null-2.8 {
+ execsql {
+ select ifnull(case c when b then 1 else 0 end, 99) from t1;
+ }
+} {1 0 0 1 0 0 0}
+
+# Check to see that NULL values are ignored in aggregate functions.
+#
+do_test null-3.1 {
+ execsql {
+ select count(*), count(b), count(c), sum(b), sum(c),
+ avg(b), avg(c), min(b), max(b) from t1;
+ }
+} {7 4 6 2 3 0.5 0.5 0 1}
+
+# The sum of zero entries is a NULL, but the total of zero entries is 0.
+#
+do_test null-3.2 {
+ execsql {
+ SELECT sum(b), total(b) FROM t1 WHERE b<0
+ }
+} {{} 0.0}
+
+# Check to see how WHERE clauses handle NULL values. A NULL value
+# is the same as UNKNOWN. The WHERE clause should only select those
+# rows that are TRUE. FALSE and UNKNOWN rows are rejected.
+#
+do_test null-4.1 {
+ execsql {
+ select a from t1 where b<10
+ }
+} {1 2 3 4}
+do_test null-4.2 {
+ execsql {
+ select a from t1 where not b>10
+ }
+} {1 2 3 4}
+do_test null-4.3 {
+ execsql {
+ select a from t1 where b<10 or c=1;
+ }
+} {1 2 3 4 6}
+do_test null-4.4 {
+ execsql {
+ select a from t1 where b<10 and c=1;
+ }
+} {2 4}
+do_test null-4.5 {
+ execsql {
+ select a from t1 where not (b<10 and c=1);
+ }
+} {1 3 5}
+
+# The DISTINCT keyword on a SELECT statement should treat NULL values
+# as distinct
+#
+do_test null-5.1 {
+ execsql {
+ select distinct b from t1 order by b;
+ }
+} {{} 0 1}
+
+# A UNION to two queries should treat NULL values
+# as distinct.
+#
+# (Later:) We also take this opportunity to test the ability
+# of an ORDER BY clause to bind to either SELECT of a UNION.
+# The left-most SELECT is preferred. In standard SQL, only
+# the left SELECT can be used. The ability to match an ORDER
+# BY term to the right SELECT is an SQLite extension.
+#
+ifcapable compound {
+ do_test null-6.1 {
+ execsql {
+ select b from t1 union select c from t1 order by b;
+ }
+ } {{} 0 1}
+ do_test null-6.2 {
+ execsql {
+ select b from t1 union select c from t1 order by 1;
+ }
+ } {{} 0 1}
+ do_test null-6.3 {
+ execsql {
+ select b from t1 union select c from t1 order by t1.b;
+ }
+ } {{} 0 1}
+ do_test null-6.4 {
+ execsql {
+ select b from t1 union select c from t1 order by main.t1.b;
+ }
+ } {{} 0 1}
+ do_test null-6.5 {
+ catchsql {
+ select b from t1 union select c from t1 order by t1.a;
+ }
+ } {1 {1st ORDER BY term does not match any column in the result set}}
+ do_test null-6.6 {
+ catchsql {
+ select b from t1 union select c from t1 order by main.t1.a;
+ }
+ } {1 {1st ORDER BY term does not match any column in the result set}}
+} ;# ifcapable compound
+
+# The UNIQUE constraint only applies to non-null values
+#
+ifcapable conflict {
+do_test null-7.1 {
+ execsql {
+ create table t2(a, b unique on conflict ignore);
+ insert into t2 values(1,1);
+ insert into t2 values(2,null);
+ insert into t2 values(3,null);
+ insert into t2 values(4,1);
+ select a from t2;
+ }
+ } {1 2 3}
+ do_test null-7.2 {
+ execsql {
+ create table t3(a, b, c, unique(b,c) on conflict ignore);
+ insert into t3 values(1,1,1);
+ insert into t3 values(2,null,1);
+ insert into t3 values(3,null,1);
+ insert into t3 values(4,1,1);
+ select a from t3;
+ }
+ } {1 2 3}
+}
+
+# Ticket #461 - Make sure nulls are handled correctly when doing a
+# lookup using an index.
+#
+do_test null-8.1 {
+ execsql {
+ CREATE TABLE t4(x,y);
+ INSERT INTO t4 VALUES(1,11);
+ INSERT INTO t4 VALUES(2,NULL);
+ SELECT x FROM t4 WHERE y=NULL;
+ }
+} {}
+ifcapable subquery {
+ do_test null-8.2 {
+ execsql {
+ SELECT x FROM t4 WHERE y IN (33,NULL);
+ }
+ } {}
+}
+do_test null-8.3 {
+ execsql {
+ SELECT x FROM t4 WHERE y<33 ORDER BY x;
+ }
+} {1}
+do_test null-8.4 {
+ execsql {
+ SELECT x FROM t4 WHERE y>6 ORDER BY x;
+ }
+} {1}
+do_test null-8.5 {
+ execsql {
+ SELECT x FROM t4 WHERE y!=33 ORDER BY x;
+ }
+} {1}
+do_test null-8.11 {
+ execsql {
+ CREATE INDEX t4i1 ON t4(y);
+ SELECT x FROM t4 WHERE y=NULL;
+ }
+} {}
+ifcapable subquery {
+ do_test null-8.12 {
+ execsql {
+ SELECT x FROM t4 WHERE y IN (33,NULL);
+ }
+ } {}
+}
+do_test null-8.13 {
+ execsql {
+ SELECT x FROM t4 WHERE y<33 ORDER BY x;
+ }
+} {1}
+do_test null-8.14 {
+ execsql {
+ SELECT x FROM t4 WHERE y>6 ORDER BY x;
+ }
+} {1}
+do_test null-8.15 {
+ execsql {
+ SELECT x FROM t4 WHERE y!=33 ORDER BY x;
+ }
+} {1}
+
+
+
+finish_test
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