path: root/osx/client.up.sh

#!/bin/bash -e
# Note: must be bash; uses bash-specific tricks
#
# ******************************************************************************************************************
# Copyright by Tunnelblick. Redistributed under GPL as part of Bitmask.
# This Tunnelblick script does everything! It handles TUN and TAP interfaces, 
# pushed configurations, DHCP with DNS and SMB, and renewed DHCP leases. :)
# 
# This is the "Up" version of the script, executed after the interface is 
# initialized.
#
# Created by: Nick Williams (using original code and parts of old Tblk scripts)
# Modifed by: Jonathan K. Bullard for Mountain Lion
# Adapted to use by Bitmask by: Kali Kaneko
# 
# ******************************************************************************************************************


##########################################################################################
# @param String message - The message to log
logMessage()
{
	echo "${@}"
}

##########################################################################################
# @param String message - The message to log
logDebugMessage()
{
    if ${ARG_EXTRA_LOGGING} ; then
        echo "${@}"
    fi
}

##########################################################################################
# log a change to a setting
# @param String filters - empty, or one or two '#' if not performing the change
# @param String name of setting that is being changed
# @param String new value
# @param String old value
logChange()
{
	if [ "$1" = "" ] ; then
		if [ "$3" = "$4" ] ; then
			echo "Did not change $2 setting of '$3' (but re-set it)"
		else
			echo "Changed $2 setting from '$4' to '$3'"
		fi
	else
		echo "Did not change $2 setting of '$4'"
	fi
}

##########################################################################################
# @param String string - Content to trim
trim()
{
	echo ${@}
}

##########################################################################################
disable_ipv6() {

# Disables IPv6 on each enabled (active) network service on which it is set to the OS X default "IPv6 Automatic".
#
# For each such service, outputs a line with the name of the service.
# (A separate line is output for each name because a name may include spaces.)
#
# The 'restore_ipv6' routine in client.down.sh undoes the actions performed by this routine.
#
# NOTE: Done only for enabled services because some versions of OS X enable the service if this IPv6 setting is changed.
#
# This only works for OS X 10.5 and higher (10.4 does not implement IPv6.)

    if [ "$OSVER" = "10.4" ] ; then
        exit
    fi

    # Get list of services and remove the first line which contains a heading
    dipv6_services="$( networksetup  -listallnetworkservices | sed -e '1,1d')"

    # Go through the list disabling IPv6 for enabled services, and outputting lines with the names of the services
    printf %s "$dipv6_services
" | \
    while IFS= read -r dipv6_service ; do

        # If first character of a line is an asterisk, the service is disabled, so we skip it
        if [ "${dipv6_service:0:1}" != "*" ] ; then
            dipv6_ipv6_status="$( networksetup -getinfo "$dipv6_service" | grep 'IPv6: ' | sed -e 's/IPv6: //')"
            if [ "$dipv6_ipv6_status" = "Automatic" ] ; then
                networksetup -setv6off "$dipv6_service"
                echo "$dipv6_service"
            fi
        fi

    done
}

##########################################################################################
# @param String[] dnsServers - The name servers to use
# @param String domainName - The domain name to use
# @param \optional String[] winsServers - The SMB servers to use
# @param \optional String[] searchDomains - The search domains to use
#
# Throughout this routine:
#            MAN_ is a prefix for manually set parameters
#            DYN_ is a prefix for dynamically set parameters (by a "push", config file, or command line option)
#            CUR_ is a prefix for the current parameters (as arbitrated by OS X between manual and DHCP data)
#            FIN_ is a prefix for the parameters we want to end up with
#            SKP_ is a prefix for an empty string or a "#" used to control execution of statements that set parameters in scutil
#
#            DNS_SA is a suffix for the ServerAddresses value in a System Configuration DNS key
#            DNS_SD is a suffix for the SearchDomains   value in a System Configuration DNS key
#            DNS_DN is a suffix for the DomainName      value in a System Configuration DNS key
#
#            SMB_NN is a suffix for the NetBIOSName   value in a System Configuration SMB key
#            SMB_WG is a suffix for the Workgroup     value in a System Configuration SMB key
#            SMB_WA is a suffix for the WINSAddresses value in a System Configuration SMB key
#
# So, for example, MAN_SMB_NN is the manually set NetBIOSName value (or the empty string if not set manually)

setDnsServersAndDomainName()
{
	set +e # "grep" will return error status (1) if no matches are found, so don't fail on individual errors
	
	PSID="$( scutil <<-EOF |
		open
		show State:/Network/Global/IPv4
		quit
EOF
grep PrimaryService | sed -e 's/.*PrimaryService : //'
)"

	set -e # resume abort on error

	MAN_DNS_CONFIG="$( scutil <<-EOF |
		open
		show Setup:/Network/Service/${PSID}/DNS
		quit
EOF
sed -e 's/^[[:space:]]*[[:digit:]]* : //g' | tr '\n' ' '
)"

	MAN_SMB_CONFIG="$( scutil <<-EOF |
		open
		show Setup:/Network/Service/${PSID}/SMB
		quit
EOF
sed -e 's/^[[:space:]]*[[:digit:]]* : //g' | tr '\n' ' '
)"
	CUR_DNS_CONFIG="$( scutil <<-EOF |
		open
		show State:/Network/Global/DNS
		quit
EOF
sed -e 's/^[[:space:]]*[[:digit:]]* : //g' | tr '\n' ' '
)"

	CUR_SMB_CONFIG="$( scutil <<-EOF |
		open
		show State:/Network/Global/SMB
		quit
EOF
sed -e 's/^[[:space:]]*[[:digit:]]* : //g' | tr '\n' ' '
)"

# Set up the DYN_... variables to contain what is asked for (dynamically, by a 'push' directive, for example)

	declare -a vDNS=("${!1}")
	declare -a vSMB=("${!3}")
	declare -a vSD=("${!4}")

	if [ ${#vDNS[*]} -eq 0 ] ; then
		readonly DYN_DNS_SA=""
	else
		readonly DYN_DNS_SA="${!1}"
	fi
	
	if [ ${#vSMB[*]} -eq 0 ] ; then
		readonly DYN_SMB_WA=""
	else
		readonly DYN_SMB_WA="${!3}"
	fi

	if [ ${#vSD[*]} -eq 0 ] ; then
		readonly DYN_DNS_SD=""
	else
		readonly DYN_DNS_SD="${!4}"
	fi
	
	DYN_DNS_DN="$2"
	
	# The variables
	#     DYN_SMB_WG
	#     DYN_SMB_NN
	# are left empty. There isn't a way for OpenVPN to set them.
	
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG:"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: MAN_DNS_CONFIG = ${MAN_DNS_CONFIG}"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: MAN_SMB_CONFIG = ${MAN_SMB_CONFIG}"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG:"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: CUR_DNS_CONFIG = ${CUR_DNS_CONFIG}"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: CUR_SMB_CONFIG = ${CUR_SMB_CONFIG}"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG:"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG:"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: DYN_DNS_DN = ${DYN_DNS_DN}; DYN_DNS_SA = ${DYN_DNS_SA}; DYN_DNS_SD = ${DYN_DNS_SD}"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: DYN_SMB_NN = ${DYN_SMB_NN}; DYN_SMB_WG = ${DYN_SMB_WG}; DYN_SMB_WA = ${DYN_SMB_WA}"
	
# Set up the MAN_... variables to contain manual network settings

	set +e # "grep" will return error status (1) if no matches are found, so don't fail on individual errors
	
	if echo "${MAN_DNS_CONFIG}" | grep -q "DomainName" ; then
		readonly MAN_DNS_DN="$( trim "$( echo "${MAN_DNS_CONFIG}" | sed -e 's/^.*DomainName[^{]*{[[:space:]]*\([^}]*\)[[:space:]]*}.*$/\1/g' )" )"
	else
		readonly MAN_DNS_DN="";
	fi
	if echo "${MAN_DNS_CONFIG}" | grep -q "ServerAddresses" ; then
		readonly MAN_DNS_SA="$( trim "$( echo "${MAN_DNS_CONFIG}" | sed -e 's/^.*ServerAddresses[^{]*{[[:space:]]*\([^}]*\)[[:space:]]*}.*$/\1/g' )" )"
	else
		readonly MAN_DNS_SA="";
	fi
	if echo "${MAN_DNS_CONFIG}" | grep -q "SearchDomains" ; then
		readonly MAN_DNS_SD="$( trim "$( echo "${MAN_DNS_CONFIG}" | sed -e 's/^.*SearchDomains[^{]*{[[:space:]]*\([^}]*\)[[:space:]]*}.*$/\1/g' )" )"
	else
		readonly MAN_DNS_SD="";
	fi
    if echo "${MAN_SMB_CONFIG}" | grep -q "NetBIOSName" ; then
        readonly MAN_SMB_NN="$( trim "$( echo "${MAN_SMB_CONFIG}" | sed -e 's/^.*NetBIOSName : \([^[:space:]]*\).*$/\1/g' )" )"
	else
		readonly MAN_SMB_NN="";
    fi
    if echo "${MAN_SMB_CONFIG}" | grep -q "Workgroup" ; then
        readonly MAN_SMB_WG="$( trim "$( echo "${MAN_SMB_CONFIG}" | sed -e 's/^.*Workgroup : \([^[:space:]]*\).*$/\1/g' )" )"
	else
		readonly MAN_SMB_WG="";
    fi
    if echo "${MAN_SMB_CONFIG}" | grep -q "WINSAddresses" ; then
        readonly MAN_SMB_WA="$( trim "$( echo "${MAN_SMB_CONFIG}" | sed -e 's/^.*WINSAddresses[^{]*{[[:space:]]*\([^}]*\)[[:space:]]*}.*$/\1/g' )" )"
	else
		readonly MAN_SMB_WA="";
    fi

	set -e # resume abort on error

	logDebugMessage "DEBUG:"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: MAN_DNS_DN = ${MAN_DNS_DN}; MAN_DNS_SA = ${MAN_DNS_SA}; MAN_DNS_SD = ${MAN_DNS_SD}"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: MAN_SMB_NN = ${MAN_SMB_NN}; MAN_SMB_WG = ${MAN_SMB_WG}; MAN_SMB_WA = ${MAN_SMB_WA}"
	
# Set up the CUR_... variables to contain the current network settings (from manual or DHCP, as arbitrated by OS X

	set +e # "grep" will return error status (1) if no matches are found, so don't fail on individual errors
	
	if echo "${CUR_DNS_CONFIG}" | grep -q "DomainName" ; then
		readonly CUR_DNS_DN="$(trim "$( echo "${CUR_DNS_CONFIG}" | sed -e 's/^.*DomainName : \([^[:space:]]*\).*$/\1/g' )")"
	else
		readonly CUR_DNS_DN="";
	fi
	if echo "${CUR_DNS_CONFIG}" | grep -q "ServerAddresses" ; then
		readonly CUR_DNS_SA="$(trim "$( echo "${CUR_DNS_CONFIG}" | sed -e 's/^.*ServerAddresses[^{]*{[[:space:]]*\([^}]*\)[[:space:]]*}.*$/\1/g' )")"
	else
		readonly CUR_DNS_SA="";
	fi
	if echo "${CUR_DNS_CONFIG}" | grep -q "SearchDomains" ; then
		readonly CUR_DNS_SD="$(trim "$( echo "${CUR_DNS_CONFIG}" | sed -e 's/^.*SearchDomains[^{]*{[[:space:]]*\([^}]*\)[[:space:]]*}.*$/\1/g' )")"
	else
		readonly CUR_DNS_SD="";
	fi
    if echo "${CUR_SMB_CONFIG}" | grep -q "NetBIOSName" ; then
        readonly CUR_SMB_NN="$(trim "$( echo "${CUR_SMB_CONFIG}" | sed -e 's/^.*NetBIOSName : \([^[:space:]]*\).*$/\1/g' )")"
	else
		readonly CUR_SMB_NN="";
    fi
    if echo "${CUR_SMB_CONFIG}" | grep -q "Workgroup" ; then
        readonly CUR_SMB_WG="$(trim "$( echo "${CUR_SMB_CONFIG}" | sed -e 's/^.*Workgroup : \([^[:space:]]*\).*$/\1/g' )")"
	else
		readonly CUR_SMB_WG="";
    fi
    if echo "${CUR_SMB_CONFIG}" | grep -q "WINSAddresses" ; then
        readonly CUR_SMB_WA="$(trim "$( echo "${CUR_SMB_CONFIG}" | sed -e 's/^.*WINSAddresses[^{]*{[[:space:]]*\([^}]*\)[[:space:]]*}.*$/\1/g' )")"
	else
		readonly CUR_SMB_WA="";
    fi

	set -e # resume abort on error

	logDebugMessage "DEBUG:"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: CUR_DNS_DN = ${CUR_DNS_DN}; CUR_DNS_SA = ${CUR_DNS_SA}; CUR_DNS_SD = ${CUR_DNS_SD}"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: CUR_SMB_NN = ${CUR_SMB_NN}; CUR_SMB_WG = ${CUR_SMB_WG}; CUR_SMB_WA = ${CUR_SMB_WA}"

# set up the FIN_... variables with what we want to set things to

	# Three FIN_... variables are simple -- no aggregation is done for them

	if [ "${DYN_DNS_DN}" != "" ] ; then
		if [ "${MAN_DNS_DN}" != "" ] ; then
			logMessage "WARNING: Ignoring DomainName '$DYN_DNS_DN' because DomainName was set manually"
			readonly FIN_DNS_DN="${MAN_DNS_DN}"
		else
			readonly FIN_DNS_DN="${DYN_DNS_DN}"
		fi
	else
		readonly FIN_DNS_DN="${CUR_DNS_DN}"
	fi
	
	if [ "${DYN_SMB_NN}" != "" ] ; then
		if [ "${MAN_SMB_NN}" != "" ] ; then
			logMessage "WARNING: Ignoring NetBIOSName '$DYN_SMB_NN' because NetBIOSName was set manually"
			readonly FIN_SMB_NN="${MAN_SMB_NN}"
		else
			readonly FIN_SMB_NN="${DYN_SMB_NN}"
		fi
	else
		readonly FIN_SMB_NN="${CUR_SMB_NN}"
	fi
	
	if [ "${DYN_SMB_WG}" != "" ] ; then
		if [ "${MAN_SMB_WG}" != "" ] ; then
			logMessage "WARNING: Ignoring Workgroup '$DYN_SMB_WG' because Workgroup was set manually"
			readonly FIN_SMB_WG="${MAN_SMB_WG}"
		else
			readonly FIN_SMB_WG="${DYN_SMB_WG}"
		fi
	else
		readonly FIN_SMB_WG="${CUR_SMB_WG}"
	fi

	# DNS ServerAddresses (FIN_DNS_SA) are aggregated for 10.4 and 10.5
	if [ ${#vDNS[*]} -eq 0 ] ; then
		readonly FIN_DNS_SA="${CUR_DNS_SA}"
	else
		# RiseupVPN: let's allow 10.4x.0.1 DNS providers
		#if [ "${MAN_DNS_SA}" != "" ] ; then
		#	logMessage "WARNING: Ignoring ServerAddresses '$DYN_DNS_SA' because ServerAddresses was set manually"
		#	readonly FIN_DNS_SA="${CUR_DNS_SA}"
		#else
			case "${OSVER}" in
				10.4 | 10.5 )
					# We need to remove duplicate DNS entries, so that our reference list matches MacOSX's
					SDNS="$( echo "${DYN_DNS_SA}" | tr ' ' '\n' )"
					(( i=0 ))
					for n in "${vDNS[@]}" ; do
						if echo "${SDNS}" | grep -q "${n}" ; then
							unset vDNS[${i}]
						fi
						(( i++ ))
					done
					if [ ${#vDNS[*]} -gt 0 ] ; then
						readonly FIN_DNS_SA="$( trim "${DYN_DNS_SA}" "${vDNS[*]}" )"
					else
						readonly FIN_DNS_SA="${DYN_DNS_SA}"
					fi
					logMessage "Aggregating ServerAddresses because running on OS X 10.4 or 10.5"
					;;
				* )
					# Do nothing - in 10.6 and higher -- we don't aggregate our configurations, apparently
					readonly FIN_DNS_SA="${DYN_DNS_SA}"
					logMessage "Not aggregating ServerAddresses because running on OS X 10.6 or higher"
					;;
			esac
		#fi
	fi

	# SMB WINSAddresses (FIN_SMB_WA) are aggregated for 10.4 and 10.5
	if [ ${#vSMB[*]} -eq 0 ] ; then
		readonly FIN_SMB_WA="${CUR_SMB_WA}"
	else
		if [ "${MAN_SMB_WA}" != "" ] ; then
			logMessage "WARNING: Ignoring WINSAddresses '$DYN_SMB_WA' because WINSAddresses was set manually"
			readonly FIN_SMB_WA="${MAN_SMB_WA}"
		else
		case "${OSVER}" in
			10.4 | 10.5 )
				# We need to remove duplicate SMB entries, so that our reference list matches MacOSX's
				SSMB="$( echo "${DYN_SMB_WA}" | tr ' ' '\n' )"
				(( i=0 ))
				for n in "${vSMB[@]}" ; do
					if echo "${SSMB}" | grep -q "${n}" ; then
						unset vSMB[${i}]
					fi
					(( i++ ))
				done
				if [ ${#vSMB[*]} -gt 0 ] ; then
					readonly FIN_SMB_WA="$( trim "${DYN_SMB_WA}" "${vSMB[*]}" )"
				else
					readonly FIN_SMB_WA="${DYN_SMB_WA}"
				fi
				logMessage "Aggregating WINSAddresses because running on OS X 10.4 or 10.5"
				;;
			* )
				# Do nothing - in 10.6 and higher -- we don't aggregate our configurations, apparently
				readonly FIN_SMB_WA="${DYN_SMB_WA}"
				logMessage "Not aggregating WINSAddresses because running on OS X 10.6 or higher"
				;;
		esac
		fi
	fi

	# DNS SearchDomains (FIN_DNS_SD) is treated specially
	#
	# OLD BEHAVIOR:
	#     if SearchDomains was not set manually, we set SearchDomains to the DomainName
	#     else
	#          In OS X 10.4-10.5, we add the DomainName to the end of any manual SearchDomains (unless it is already there)
	#          In OS X 10.6+, if SearchDomains was entered manually, we ignore the DomainName 
	#                         else we set SearchDomains to the DomainName
	#
	# NEW BEHAVIOR (done if ARG_PREPEND_DOMAIN_NAME is "true"):
	#
	#     if SearchDomains was entered manually, we do nothing
	#     else we  PREpend new SearchDomains (if any) to the existing SearchDomains (NOT replacing them)
	#          and PREpend DomainName to that
	#
	#              (done if ARG_PREPEND_DOMAIN_NAME is "false" and there are new SearchDomains from DOMAIN-SEARCH):
	#
	#     if SearchDomains was entered manually, we do nothing
	#     else we  PREpend any new SearchDomains to the existing SearchDomains (NOT replacing them)
	#
	#     This behavior is meant to behave like Linux with Network Manager and Windows
	
	if "${ARG_PREPEND_DOMAIN_NAME}" ; then
		if [ "${MAN_DNS_SD}" = "" ] ; then
			if [ "${DYN_DNS_SD}" != "" ] ; then
                if ! echo "${CUR_DNS_SD}" | tr ' ' '\n' | grep -q "${DYN_DNS_SD}" ; then
                    logMessage "Prepending '${DYN_DNS_SD}' to search domains '${CUR_DNS_SD}' because the search domains were not set manually and 'Prepend domain name to search domains' was selected"
                    readonly TMP_DNS_SD="$( trim "${DYN_DNS_SD}" "${CUR_DNS_SD}" )"
                else
                    logMessage "Not prepending '${DYN_DNS_SD}' to search domains '${CUR_DNS_SD}' because it is already there"
                    readonly TMP_DNS_SD="${CUR_DNS_SD}"
                fi
            else
				readonly TMP_DNS_SD="${CUR_DNS_SD}"
			fi
			if [ "${FIN_DNS_DN}" != "" -a  "${FIN_DNS_DN}" != "localdomain" ] ; then
                if ! echo "${TMP_DNS_SD}" | tr ' ' '\n' | grep -q "${FIN_DNS_DN}" ; then
                    logMessage "Prepending '${FIN_DNS_DN}' to search domains '${TMP_DNS_SD}' because the search domains were not set manually and 'Prepend domain name to search domains' was selected"
                    readonly FIN_DNS_SD="$( trim "${FIN_DNS_DN}" "${TMP_DNS_SD}" )"
                else
                    logMessage "Not prepending '${FIN_DNS_DN}' to search domains '${TMP_DNS_SD}' because it is already there"
                    readonly FIN_DNS_SD="${TMP_DNS_SD}"
                fi
            else
				readonly FIN_DNS_SD="${TMP_DNS_SD}"
			fi
		else
			if [ "${DYN_DNS_SD}" != "" ] ; then
				logMessage "WARNING: Not prepending '${DYN_DNS_SD}' to search domains '${CUR_DNS_SD}' because the search domains were set manually"
			fi
            if [ "${FIN_DNS_DN}" != "" ] ; then
                logMessage "WARNING: Not prepending domain '${FIN_DNS_DN}' to search domains '${CUR_DNS_SD}' because the search domains were set manually"
            fi
			readonly FIN_DNS_SD="${CUR_DNS_SD}"
		fi
	else
		if [ "${DYN_DNS_SD}" != "" ] ; then
			if [ "${MAN_DNS_SD}" = "" ] ; then
				logMessage "Prepending '${DYN_DNS_SD}' to search domains '${CUR_DNS_SD}' because the search domains were not set manually but were set via OpenVPN and 'Prepend domain name to search domains' was not selected"
				readonly FIN_DNS_SD="$( trim "${DYN_DNS_SD}" "${CUR_DNS_SD}" )"
            else
                logMessage "WARNING: Not prepending '${DYN_DNS_SD}' to search domains '${CUR_DNS_SD}' because the search domains were set manually"
                readonly FIN_DNS_SD="${CUR_DNS_SD}"
			fi
		else
            if [ "${FIN_DNS_DN}" != "" -a "${FIN_DNS_DN}" != "localdomain" ] ; then
                case "${OSVER}" in
                    10.4 | 10.5 )
                        if ! echo "${MAN_DNS_SD}" | tr ' ' '\n' | grep -q "${FIN_DNS_DN}" ; then
                            logMessage "Appending '${FIN_DNS_DN}' to search domains '${CUR_DNS_SD}' that were set manually because running under OS X 10.4 or 10.5 and 'Prepend domain name to search domains' was not selected"
                            readonly FIN_DNS_SD="$( trim "${MAN_DNS_SD}" "${FIN_DNS_DN}" )"
                        else
                            logMessage "Not appending '${FIN_DNS_DN}' to search domains '${CUR_DNS_SD}' because it is already in the search domains that were set manually and 'Prepend domain name to search domains' was not selected"
                            readonly FIN_DNS_SD="${CUR_DNS_SD}"
                        fi
                        ;;
                    * )
                        if [ "${MAN_DNS_SD}" = "" ] ; then
                            logMessage "Setting search domains to '${FIN_DNS_DN}' because running under OS X 10.6 or higher and the search domains were not set manually and 'Prepend domain name to search domains' was not selected"
                            readonly FIN_DNS_SD="${FIN_DNS_DN}"
                        else
                            logMessage "Not replacing search domains '${CUR_DNS_SD}' with '${FIN_DNS_DN}' because the search domains were set manually and 'Prepend domain name to search domains' was not selected"
                            readonly FIN_DNS_SD="${CUR_DNS_SD}"
                        fi
                        ;;
                esac
            else
                readonly FIN_DNS_SD="${CUR_DNS_SD}"
            fi
		fi
	fi
		
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG:"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: FIN_DNS_DN = ${FIN_DNS_DN}; FIN_DNS_SA = ${FIN_DNS_SA}; FIN_DNS_SD = ${FIN_DNS_SD}"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: FIN_SMB_NN = ${FIN_SMB_NN}; FIN_SMB_WG = ${FIN_SMB_WG}; FIN_SMB_WA = ${FIN_SMB_WA}"

# Set up SKP_... variables to inhibit scutil from making some changes
	
	# SKP_DNS_... and SKP_SMB_... are used to comment out individual items that are not being set
	if [ "${FIN_DNS_DN}" = "" -o "${FIN_DNS_DN}" = "${CUR_DNS_DN}" ] ; then
		SKP_DNS_DN="#"
	else
		SKP_DNS_DN=""
	fi
	if [ "${FIN_DNS_SA}" = "" -o "${FIN_DNS_SA}" = "${CUR_DNS_SA}" ] ; then
		SKP_DNS_SA="#"
	else
		SKP_DNS_SA=""
	fi
	if [ "${FIN_DNS_SD}" = "" -o "${FIN_DNS_SD}" = "${CUR_DNS_SD}" ] ; then
		SKP_DNS_SD="#"
	else
		SKP_DNS_SD=""
	fi
	if [ "${FIN_SMB_NN}" = "" -o "${FIN_SMB_NN}" = "${CUR_SMB_NN}" ] ; then
		SKP_SMB_NN="#"
	else
		SKP_SMB_NN=""
	fi
	if [ "${FIN_SMB_WG}" = "" -o "${FIN_SMB_WG}" = "${CUR_SMB_WG}" ] ; then
		SKP_SMB_WG="#"
	else
		SKP_SMB_WG=""
	fi
	if [ "${FIN_SMB_WA}" = "" -o "${FIN_SMB_WA}" = "${CUR_SMB_WA}" ] ; then
		SKP_SMB_WA="#"
	else
		SKP_SMB_WA=""
	fi
	
	# if any DNS items should be set, set all that have values
	if [ "${SKP_DNS_DN}${SKP_DNS_SA}${SKP_DNS_SD}" = "###" ] ; then
		readonly SKP_DNS="#"
	else
		readonly SKP_DNS=""
		if [ "${FIN_DNS_DN}" != "" ] ; then
			SKP_DNS_DN=""
		fi
		if [ "${FIN_DNS_SA}" != "" ] ; then
			SKP_DNS_SA=""
		fi
		if [ "${FIN_DNS_SD}" != "" ] ; then
			SKP_DNS_SD=""
		fi
	fi

	# if any SMB items should be set, set all that have values
	if [ "${SKP_SMB_NN}${SKP_SMB_WG}${SKP_SMB_WA}" = "###" ] ; then
		readonly SKP_SMB="#"
	else
		readonly SKP_SMB=""
		if [ "${FIN_SMB_NN}" != "" ] ; then
			SKP_SMB_NN=""
		fi
		if [ "${FIN_SMB_WG}" != "" ] ; then
			SKP_SMB_WG=""
		fi
		if [ "${FIN_SMB_WA}" != "" ] ; then
			SKP_SMB_WA=""
		fi
	fi

	readonly SKP_DNS_SA SKP_DNS_SD SKP_DNS_DN
	readonly SKP_SMB_NN SKP_SMB_WG SKP_SMB_WA
	
# special-case fiddling:
	
	# in 10.8 and higher, ServerAddresses and SearchDomains must be set via the Setup: key in addition to the State: key
	# in 10.7 if ServerAddresses or SearchDomains are manually set, ServerAddresses and SearchDomains must be similarly set with the Setup: key in addition to the State: key
	#
	# we pass a flag indicating whether we've done that to the other scripts in 'bAlsoUsingSetupKeys'

	case "${OSVER}" in
		10.4 | 10.5 | 10.6 )
			logDebugMessage "DEBUG: OS X 10.4-10.6, so will modify settings using only State:"
			readonly SKP_SETUP_DNS="#"
			readonly bAlsoUsingSetupKeys="false"
			;;
		10.7 )
			if [ "${MAN_DNS_SA}" = "" -a  "${MAN_DNS_SD}" = "" ] ; then
				logDebugMessage "DEBUG: OS X 10.7 and neither ServerAddresses nor SearchDomains were set manually, so will modify DNS settings using only State:"
				readonly SKP_SETUP_DNS="#"
				readonly bAlsoUsingSetupKeys="false"
			else
				logDebugMessage "DEBUG: OS X 10.7 and ServerAddresses or SearchDomains were set manually, so will modify DNS settings using Setup: in addition to State:"
				readonly SKP_SETUP_DNS=""
				readonly bAlsoUsingSetupKeys="true"
			fi
			;;
		* )
			logDebugMessage "DEBUG: OS X 10.8 or higher, so will modify DNS settings using Setup: in addition to State:"
			readonly SKP_SETUP_DNS=""
			readonly bAlsoUsingSetupKeys="true"
			;;
	esac
	
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG:"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: SKP_DNS = ${SKP_DNS}; SKP_DNS_SA = ${SKP_DNS_SA}; SKP_DNS_SD = ${SKP_DNS_SD}; SKP_DNS_DN = ${SKP_DNS_DN}"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: SKP_SETUP_DNS = ${SKP_SETUP_DNS}"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: SKP_SMB = ${SKP_SMB}; SKP_SMB_NN = ${SKP_SMB_NN}; SKP_SMB_WG = ${SKP_SMB_WG}; SKP_SMB_WA = ${SKP_SMB_WA}"

    set +e # "grep" will return error status (1) if no matches are found, so don't fail if not found
    original_resolver_contents="$( grep -v '#' < /etc/resolv.conf )"
    set -e # resume abort on error
    logDebugMessage "DEBUG:"
    logDebugMessage "DEBUG: /etc/resolve = ${original_resolver_contents}"
    logDebugMessage "DEBUG:"

	set +e # scutil --dns will return error status in case dns is already down, so don't fail if no dns found
	scutil_dns="$( scutil --dns)"
	set -e # resume abort on error
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG:"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: scutil --dns BEFORE CHANGES = ${scutil_dns}"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG:"

	logDebugMessage "DEBUG:"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: Configuration changes:"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: ${SKP_DNS}${SKP_DNS_SA}ADD State: ServerAddresses  ${FIN_DNS_SA}"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: ${SKP_DNS}${SKP_DNS_SD}ADD State: SearchDomains    ${FIN_DNS_SD}"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: ${SKP_DNS}${SKP_DNS_DN}ADD State: DomainName       ${FIN_DNS_DN}"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG:"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: ${SKP_SETUP_DNS}${SKP_DNS}${SKP_DNS_SA}ADD Setup: ServerAddresses  ${FIN_DNS_SA}"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: ${SKP_SETUP_DNS}${SKP_DNS}${SKP_DNS_SD}ADD Setup: SearchDomains    ${FIN_DNS_SD}"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: ${SKP_SETUP_DNS}${SKP_DNS}${SKP_DNS_DN}ADD Setup: DomainName       ${FIN_DNS_DN}"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG:"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: ${SKP_SMB}${SKP_SMB_NN}ADD State: NetBIOSName    ${FIN_SMB_NN}"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: ${SKP_SMB}${SKP_SMB_WG}ADD State: Workgroup      ${FIN_SMB_WG}"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: ${SKP_SMB}${SKP_SMB_WA}ADD State: WINSAddresses  ${FIN_SMB_WA}"

	# Save the openvpn process ID and the Network Primary Service ID, leasewather.plist path, logfile path, and optional arguments from Bitmask,
	# then save old and new DNS and SMB settings
	# PPID is a script variable (defined by bash itself) that contains the process ID of the parent of the process running the script (i.e., OpenVPN's process ID)
	# config is an environmental variable set to the configuration path by OpenVPN prior to running this up script

	scutil <<-EOF > /dev/null
		open

		# Store our variables for the other scripts (leasewatch, down, etc.) to use
		d.init
		# The '#' in the next line does NOT start a comment; it indicates to scutil that a number follows it (as opposed to a string or an array)
		d.add PID # ${PPID}
		d.add Service ${PSID}
		d.add LeaseWatcherPlistPath "${LEASEWATCHER_PLIST_PATH}"
		d.add RemoveLeaseWatcherPlist "${REMOVE_LEASEWATCHER_PLIST}"
		d.add ScriptLogFile         "${SCRIPT_LOG_FILE}"
		d.add MonitorNetwork        "${ARG_MONITOR_NETWORK_CONFIGURATION}"
		d.add RestoreOnDNSReset     "${ARG_RESTORE_ON_DNS_RESET}"
		d.add RestoreOnWINSReset    "${ARG_RESTORE_ON_WINS_RESET}"
		d.add IgnoreOptionFlags     "${ARG_IGNORE_OPTION_FLAGS}"
        d.add IsTapInterface        "${ARG_TAP}"
        d.add FlushDNSCache         "${ARG_FLUSH_DNS_CACHE}"
        d.add ResetPrimaryInterface "${ARG_RESET_PRIMARY_INTERFACE_ON_DISCONNECT}"
        d.add RouteGatewayIsDhcp    "${bRouteGatewayIsDhcp}"
		d.add bAlsoUsingSetupKeys   "${bAlsoUsingSetupKeys}"
        d.add TapDeviceHasBeenSetNone "false"
        d.add TunnelDevice          "$dev"
        d.add RestoreIpv6Services   "$ipv6_disabled_services_encoded"
		set State:/Network/OpenVPN
		
		# Back up the device's current DNS and SMB configurations,
		# Indicate 'no such key' by a dictionary with a single entry: "BitmaskNoSuchKey : true"
		# If there isn't a key, "BitmaskNoSuchKey : true" won't be removed.
		# If there is a key, "BitmaskNoSuchKey : true" will be removed and the key's contents will be used
		
		d.init
		d.add BitmaskNoSuchKey true
		get State:/Network/Service/${PSID}/DNS
		set State:/Network/OpenVPN/OldDNS
		
		d.init
		d.add BitmaskNoSuchKey true
		get Setup:/Network/Service/${PSID}/DNS
		set State:/Network/OpenVPN/OldDNSSetup
		
		d.init
		d.add BitmaskNoSuchKey true
		get State:/Network/Service/${PSID}/SMB
		set State:/Network/OpenVPN/OldSMB
		
		# Initialize the new DNS map via State:
		${SKP_DNS}d.init
		${SKP_DNS}${SKP_DNS_SA}d.add ServerAddresses * ${FIN_DNS_SA}
		${SKP_DNS}${SKP_DNS_SD}d.add SearchDomains   * ${FIN_DNS_SD}
		${SKP_DNS}${SKP_DNS_DN}d.add DomainName        ${FIN_DNS_DN}
		${SKP_DNS}set State:/Network/Service/${PSID}/DNS

		# If necessary, initialize the new DNS map via Setup: also
		${SKP_SETUP_DNS}${SKP_DNS}d.init
		${SKP_SETUP_DNS}${SKP_DNS}${SKP_DNS_SA}d.add ServerAddresses * ${FIN_DNS_SA}
		${SKP_SETUP_DNS}${SKP_DNS}${SKP_DNS_SD}d.add SearchDomains   * ${FIN_DNS_SD}
		${SKP_SETUP_DNS}${SKP_DNS}${SKP_DNS_DN}d.add DomainName        ${FIN_DNS_DN}
		${SKP_SETUP_DNS}${SKP_DNS}set Setup:/Network/Service/${PSID}/DNS

		# Initialize the SMB map
		${SKP_SMB}d.init
		${SKP_SMB}${SKP_SMB_NN}d.add NetBIOSName     ${FIN_SMB_NN}
		${SKP_SMB}${SKP_SMB_WG}d.add Workgroup       ${FIN_SMB_WG}
		${SKP_SMB}${SKP_SMB_WA}d.add WINSAddresses * ${FIN_SMB_WA}
		${SKP_SMB}set State:/Network/Service/${PSID}/SMB

		quit
EOF

	logDebugMessage "DEBUG:"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: Pause for configuration changes to be propagated to State:/Network/Global/DNS and .../SMB"
	sleep 1
	
	scutil <<-EOF > /dev/null
		open

		# Initialize the maps that will be compared when a configuration change occurs
		d.init
		d.add BitmaskNoSuchKey true
		get State:/Network/Global/DNS
		set State:/Network/OpenVPN/DNS
		
		d.init
		d.add BitmaskNoSuchKey true
		get State:/Network/Global/SMB
		set State:/Network/OpenVPN/SMB
		
		quit
EOF
	
	readonly NEW_DNS_SETUP_CONFIG="$( scutil <<-EOF |
		open
		show Setup:/Network/Service/${PSID}/DNS
		quit
EOF
sed -e 's/^[[:space:]]*[[:digit:]]* : //g' | tr '\n' ' '
)"
	readonly NEW_SMB_SETUP_CONFIG="$( scutil <<-EOF |
		open
		show Setup:/Network/Service/${PSID}/SMB
		quit
EOF
sed -e 's/^[[:space:]]*[[:digit:]]* : //g' | tr '\n' ' '
)"
	readonly NEW_DNS_STATE_CONFIG="$( scutil <<-EOF |
		open
		show State:/Network/Service/${PSID}/DNS
		quit
EOF
sed -e 's/^[[:space:]]*[[:digit:]]* : //g' | tr '\n' ' '
)"
	readonly NEW_SMB_STATE_CONFIG="$( scutil <<-EOF |
		open
		show State:/Network/Service/${PSID}/SMB
		quit
EOF
sed -e 's/^[[:space:]]*[[:digit:]]* : //g' | tr '\n' ' '
)"
	readonly NEW_DNS_GLOBAL_CONFIG="$( scutil <<-EOF |
		open
		show State:/Network/Global/DNS
		quit
EOF
sed -e 's/^[[:space:]]*[[:digit:]]* : //g' | tr '\n' ' '
)"
	readonly NEW_SMB_GLOBAL_CONFIG="$( scutil <<-EOF |
		open
		show State:/Network/Global/SMB
		quit
EOF
sed -e 's/^[[:space:]]*[[:digit:]]* : //g' | tr '\n' ' '
)"
	readonly EXPECTED_NEW_DNS_GLOBAL_CONFIG="$( scutil <<-EOF |
		open
		show State:/Network/OpenVPN/DNS
		quit
EOF
sed -e 's/^[[:space:]]*[[:digit:]]* : //g' | tr '\n' ' '
)"
	readonly EXPECTED_NEW_SMB_GLOBAL_CONFIG="$( scutil <<-EOF |
		open
		show State:/Network/OpenVPN/SMB
		quit
EOF
sed -e 's/^[[:space:]]*[[:digit:]]* : //g' | tr '\n' ' '
)"


	logDebugMessage "DEBUG:"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: Configurations as read back after changes:"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: State:/.../DNS = ${NEW_DNS_STATE_CONFIG}"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: State:/.../SMB = ${NEW_SMB_STATE_CONFIG}"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG:"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: Setup:/.../DNS = ${NEW_DNS_SETUP_CONFIG}"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: Setup:/.../SMB = ${NEW_SMB_SETUP_CONFIG}"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG:"
    logDebugMessage "DEBUG: State:/Network/Global/DNS = ${NEW_DNS_GLOBAL_CONFIG}"
    logDebugMessage "DEBUG: State:/Network/Global/SMB = ${NEW_SMB_GLOBAL_CONFIG}"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG:"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: Expected by process-network-changes:"
    logDebugMessage "DEBUG: State:/Network/OpenVPN/DNS = ${EXPECTED_NEW_DNS_GLOBAL_CONFIG}"
    logDebugMessage "DEBUG: State:/Network/OpenVPN/SMB = ${EXPECTED_NEW_SMB_GLOBAL_CONFIG}"

    set +e # "grep" will return error status (1) if no matches are found, so don't fail if not found
    new_resolver_contents="$( grep -v '#' < /etc/resolv.conf )"
    set -e # resume abort on error
    logDebugMessage "DEBUG:"
    logDebugMessage "DEBUG: /etc/resolve = ${new_resolver_contents}"
    logDebugMessage "DEBUG:"

	set +e # scutil --dns will return error status in case dns is already down, so don't fail if no dns found
	scutil_dns="$( scutil --dns )"
	set -e # resume abort on error
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG:"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: scutil --dns AFTER CHANGES = ${scutil_dns}"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG:"
	
	logMessage "Saved the DNS and SMB configurations so they can be restored"
	
    logChange "${SKP_DNS}${SKP_DNS_SA}" "DNS ServerAddresses"   "${FIN_DNS_SA}"   "${CUR_DNS_SA}"
    logChange "${SKP_DNS}${SKP_DNS_SD}" "DNS SearchDomains"     "${FIN_DNS_SD}"   "${CUR_DNS_SD}"
    logChange "${SKP_DNS}${SKP_DNS_DN}" "DNS DomainName"        "${FIN_DNS_DN}"   "${CUR_DNS_DN}"
    logChange "${SKP_SMB}${SKP_SMB_NN}" "SMB NetBIOSName"       "${FIN_SMB_SA}"   "${CUR_SMB_SA}"
    logChange "${SKP_SMB}${SKP_SMB_WG}" "SMB Workgroup"         "${FIN_SMB_WG}"   "${CUR_SMB_WG}"
    logChange "${SKP_SMB}${SKP_SMB_WA}" "SMB WINSAddresses"     "${FIN_SMB_WA}"   "${CUR_SMB_WA}"

	logDnsInfo "${MAN_DNS_SA}" "${FIN_DNS_SA}"
	
	flushDNSCache

	if ${ARG_MONITOR_NETWORK_CONFIGURATION} ; then
        if [ "${ARG_IGNORE_OPTION_FLAGS:0:2}" = "-p" ] ; then
            logMessage "Setting up to monitor system configuration with process-network-changes"
        else
            logMessage "Setting up to monitor system configuration with leasewatch"
        fi
        if [ "${LEASEWATCHER_TEMPLATE_PATH}" != "" ] ; then
            sed -e "s|/Applications/Bitmask/.app/Contents/Resources|${TB_RESOURCES_PATH}|g" "${LEASEWATCHER_TEMPLATE_PATH}" > "${LEASEWATCHER_PLIST_PATH}"
		fi
        launchctl load "${LEASEWATCHER_PLIST_PATH}"
	fi
}

##########################################################################################
# Used for TAP device which does DHCP
configureDhcpDns()
{
	# whilst ipconfig will have created the neccessary Network Service keys, the DNS
	# settings won't actually be used by OS X unless the SupplementalMatchDomains key
	# is added
	# ref. <http://lists.apple.com/archives/Macnetworkprog/2005/Jun/msg00011.html>
	# - is there a way to extract the domains from the SC dictionary and re-insert
	#   as SupplementalMatchDomains? i.e. not requiring the ipconfig domain_name call?
	
	# - wait until we get a lease before extracting the DNS domain name and merging into SC
	# - despite it's name, ipconfig waitall doesn't (but maybe one day it will :-)
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: About to 'ipconfig waitall'"
	ipconfig waitall
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: Completed 'ipconfig waitall'"
	
	unset test_domain_name
	unset test_name_server
	
	set +e # We instruct bash NOT to exit on individual command errors, because if we need to wait longer these commands will fail
	
	# usually takes at least a few seconds to get a DHCP lease
	sleep 3
	n=0
	while [ -z "$test_domain_name" -a -z "$test_name_server" -a $n -lt 5 ]
	do
		logMessage "Sleeping for $n seconds to wait for DHCP to finish setup."
		sleep $n
		n="$( expr $n + 1 )"
		
		if [ -z "$test_domain_name" ]; then
			test_domain_name="$( ipconfig getoption "$dev" domain_name 2>/dev/null )"
		fi
		
		if [ -z "$test_name_server" ]; then
			test_name_server="$( ipconfig getoption "$dev" domain_name_server 2>/dev/null )"
		fi
	done

    logDebugMessage "DEBUG: Finished waiting for DHCP lease: test_domain_name = '$test_domain_name', test_name_server = '$test_name_server'"
    
    logDebugMessage "DEBUG: About to 'ipconfig getpacket $dev'"
	sGetPacketOutput="$( ipconfig getpacket "$dev" )"
    logDebugMessage "DEBUG: Completed 'ipconfig getpacket $dev'; sGetPacketOutput = $sGetPacketOutput"

	set -e # We instruct bash that it CAN again fail on individual errors
	
	unset aNameServers
	unset aWinsServers
	unset aSearchDomains
	
	nNameServerIndex=1
	nWinsServerIndex=1
	nSearchDomainIndex=1
	
	if [ "$sGetPacketOutput" ]; then
		sGetPacketOutput_FirstLine="$( echo "$sGetPacketOutput" | head -n 1 )"
		logDebugMessage "DEBUG: sGetPacketOutput_FirstLine = $sGetPacketOutput_FirstLine"
		
		if [ "$sGetPacketOutput_FirstLine" == "op = BOOTREPLY" ]; then
			set +e # "grep" will return error status (1) if no matches are found, so don't fail on individual errors
			
			for tNameServer in $( echo "$sGetPacketOutput" | grep "domain_name_server" | grep -Eo "\{([0-9\.]+)(, [0-9\.]+)*\}" | grep -Eo "([0-9\.]+)" ); do
				aNameServers[nNameServerIndex-1]="$( trim "$tNameServer" )"
				let nNameServerIndex++
			done
			
			for tWINSServer in $( echo "$sGetPacketOutput" | grep "nb_over_tcpip_name_server" | grep -Eo "\{([0-9\.]+)(, [0-9\.]+)*\}" | grep -Eo "([0-9\.]+)" ); do
				aWinsServers[nWinsServerIndex-1]="$( trim "$tWINSServer" )"
				let nWinsServerIndex++
			done
			
			for tSearchDomain in $( echo "$sGetPacketOutput" | grep "search_domain" | grep -Eo "\{([-A-Za-z0-9\-\.]+)(, [-A-Za-z0-9\-\.]+)*\}" | grep -Eo "([-A-Za-z0-9\-\.]+)" ); do
				aSearchDomains[nSearchDomainIndex-1]="$( trim "$tSearchDomain" )"
				let nSearchDomainIndex++
			done
			
			sDomainName="$( echo "$sGetPacketOutput" | grep "domain_name " | grep -Eo ": [-A-Za-z0-9\-\.]+" | grep -Eo "[-A-Za-z0-9\-\.]+" )"
			sDomainName="$( trim "$sDomainName" )"
			
			if [ ${#aNameServers[*]} -gt 0 -a "$sDomainName" ]; then
				logMessage "Retrieved from DHCP/BOOTP packet: name server(s) [ ${aNameServers[@]} ], domain name [ $sDomainName ], search domain(s) [ ${aSearchDomains[@]} ] and SMB server(s) [ ${aWinsServers[@]} ]"
				setDnsServersAndDomainName aNameServers[@] "$sDomainName" aWinsServers[@] aSearchDomains[@]
				return 0
			elif [ ${#aNameServers[*]} -gt 0 ]; then
				logMessage "Retrieved from DHCP/BOOTP packet: name server(s) [ ${aNameServers[@]} ], search domain(s) [ ${aSearchDomains[@]} ] and SMB server(s) [ ${aWinsServers[@]} ] and using default domain name [ $DEFAULT_DOMAIN_NAME ]"
				setDnsServersAndDomainName aNameServers[@] "$DEFAULT_DOMAIN_NAME" aWinsServers[@] aSearchDomains[@]
				return 0
			else
				# Should we return 1 here and indicate an error, or attempt the old method?
				logMessage "No useful information extracted from DHCP/BOOTP packet. Attempting legacy configuration."
			fi
			
			set -e # We instruct bash that it CAN again fail on errors
		else
			# Should we return 1 here and indicate an error, or attempt the old method?
			logMessage "No DHCP/BOOTP packet found on interface. Attempting legacy configuration."
		fi
	fi
	
	unset sDomainName
	unset sNameServer
	unset aNameServers
	
    set +e # We instruct bash NOT to exit on individual command errors, because if we need to wait longer these commands will fail
	
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: About to 'ipconfig getoption $dev domain_name'"
	sDomainName="$( ipconfig getoption "$dev" domain_name 2>/dev/null )"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: Completed 'ipconfig getoption $dev domain_name'"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: About to 'ipconfig getoption $dev domain_name_server'"
	sNameServer="$( ipconfig getoption "$dev" domain_name_server 2>/dev/null )"
	logDebugMessage "DEBUG: Completed 'ipconfig getoption $dev domain_name_server'"
    
	set -e # We instruct bash that it CAN again fail on individual errors

	sDomainName="$( trim "$sDomainName" )"
	sNameServer="$( trim "$sNameServer" )"
	
	declare -a aWinsServers=( )   # Declare empty WINSServers   array to avoid any useless error messages
	declare -a aSearchDomains=( ) # Declare empty SearchDomains array to avoid any useless error messages
	
	if [ "$sDomainName" -a "$sNameServer" ]; then
		aNameServers[0]=$sNameServer
		logMessage "Retrieved OpenVPN (DHCP): name server [ $sNameServer ], domain name [ $sDomainName ], and no SMB servers or search domains"
		setDnsServersAndDomainName aNameServers[@] "$sDomainName" aWinsServers[@] aSearchDomains[@]
	elif [ "$sNameServer" ]; then
		aNameServers[0]=$sNameServer
		logMessage "Retrieved OpenVPN (DHCP): name server [ $sNameServer ] and no SMB servers or search domains, and using default domain name [ $DEFAULT_DOMAIN_NAME ]"
		setDnsServersAndDomainName aNameServers[@] "$DEFAULT_DOMAIN_NAME" aWinsServers[@] aSearchDomains[@]
	elif [ "$sDomainName" ]; then
		logMessage "WARNING: Retrieved domain name [ $sDomainName ] but no name servers from OpenVPN via DHCP, which is not sufficient to make network/DNS configuration changes."
		if ${ARG_MONITOR_NETWORK_CONFIGURATION} ; then
			logMessage "WARNING: Will NOT monitor for other network configuration changes."
		fi
        logDnsInfoNoChanges
        flushDNSCache
	else
		logMessage "WARNING: No DNS information received from OpenVPN via DHCP, so no network/DNS configuration changes need to be made."
		if ${ARG_MONITOR_NETWORK_CONFIGURATION} ; then
			logMessage "WARNING: Will NOT monitor for other network configuration changes."
		fi
        logDnsInfoNoChanges
        flushDNSCache
	fi

	return 0
}

##########################################################################################
# Configures using OpenVPN foreign_option_* instead of DHCP

configureOpenVpnDns()
{
# Description of foreign_option_ parameters (from OpenVPN 2.3-alpha_2 man page):
#
# DOMAIN name -- Set Connection-specific DNS Suffix.
#
# DOMAIN-SEARCH name -- Set Connection-specific DNS Search Address. Repeat this option to
#               set additional search domains. (Bitmask-specific addition.)
#
# DNS addr -- Set primary domain name server address.  Repeat  this  option  to  set
#              secondary DNS server addresses.
#
# WINS  addr  --  Set primary WINS server address (NetBIOS over TCP/IP Name Server).
#              Repeat this option to set secondary WINS server addresses.
#
# NBDD addr -- Set primary NBDD server address (NetBIOS over TCP/IP Datagram Distribution Server)
#              Repeat this option to set secondary NBDD server addresses.
#
# NTP  addr  -- Set primary NTP server address (Network Time Protocol).  Repeat this option
#              to set secondary NTP server addresses.
#
# NBT type -- Set NetBIOS over TCP/IP Node  type.   Possible  options:  1  =  b-node
#              (broadcasts),  2  =  p-node (point-to-point name queries to a WINS server), 4 = m-
#              node (broadcast then query name server), and 8 = h-node (query name  server,  then
#              broadcast).
#
# NBS  scope-id  --  Set  NetBIOS  over TCP/IP Scope. A NetBIOS Scope ID provides an
#              extended naming service for the NetBIOS over TCP/IP (Known  as  NBT)  module.  The
#              primary  purpose  of  a NetBIOS scope ID is to isolate NetBIOS traffic on a single
#              network to only those nodes with the same NetBIOS scope ID.  The NetBIOS scope  ID
#              is  a  character string that is appended to the NetBIOS name. The NetBIOS scope ID
#              on two hosts must match, or the two hosts will not be  able  to  communicate.  The
#              NetBIOS Scope ID also allows computers to use the same computer name, as they have
#              different scope IDs. The Scope ID becomes a part of the NetBIOS name,  making  the
#              name unique.  (This description of NetBIOS scopes courtesy of NeonSurge@abyss.com)
#
#DISABLE-NBT -- Disable Netbios-over-TCP/IP.

	unset vForOptions
	unset vOptions
	unset aNameServers
	unset aWinsServers
	unset aSearchDomains
	
	nOptionIndex=1
	nNameServerIndex=1
	nWinsServerIndex=1
	nSearchDomainIndex=1

	while vForOptions=foreign_option_$nOptionIndex; [ -n "${!vForOptions}" ]; do
		vOptions[nOptionIndex-1]=${!vForOptions}
		case ${vOptions[nOptionIndex-1]} in
			*DOMAIN-SEARCH*    )
				aSearchDomains[nSearchDomainIndex-1]="$( trim "${vOptions[nOptionIndex-1]//dhcp-option DOMAIN-SEARCH /}" )"
				let nSearchDomainIndex++
				;;
			*DOMAIN* )
				sDomainName="$( trim "${vOptions[nOptionIndex-1]//dhcp-option DOMAIN /}" )"
				;;
			*DNS*    )
				aNameServers[nNameServerIndex-1]="$( trim "${vOptions[nOptionIndex-1]//dhcp-option DNS /}" )"
				let nNameServerIndex++
				;;
			*WINS*   )
				aWinsServers[nWinsServerIndex-1]="$( trim "${vOptions[nOptionIndex-1]//dhcp-option WINS /}" )"
				let nWinsServerIndex++
				;;
            *   )
                logMessage "WARNING: 'foreign_option_${nOptionIndex}' = '${vOptions[nOptionIndex-1]}' ignored"
                ;;
		esac
		let nOptionIndex++
	done
	
	if [ ${#aNameServers[*]} -gt 0 -a "$sDomainName" ]; then
		logMessage "Retrieved from OpenVPN: name server(s) [ ${aNameServers[@]} ], domain name [ $sDomainName ], search domain(s) [ ${aSearchDomains[@]} ], and SMB server(s) [ ${aWinsServers[@]} ]"
		setDnsServersAndDomainName aNameServers[@] "$sDomainName" aWinsServers[@] aSearchDomains[@]
	elif [ ${#aNameServers[*]} -gt 0 ]; then
		logMessage "Retrieved from OpenVPN: name server(s) [ ${aNameServers[@]} ], search domain(s) [ ${aSearchDomains[@]} ] and SMB server(s) [ ${aWinsServers[@]} ] and using default domain name [ $DEFAULT_DOMAIN_NAME ]"
		setDnsServersAndDomainName aNameServers[@] "$DEFAULT_DOMAIN_NAME" aWinsServers[@] aSearchDomains[@]
	else
		logMessage "WARNING: No DNS information received from OpenVPN, so no network configuration changes need to be made."
		if ${ARG_MONITOR_NETWORK_CONFIGURATION} ; then
			logMessage "WARNING: Will NOT monitor for other network configuration changes."
		fi
        logDnsInfoNoChanges
        flushDNSCache
	fi

	return 0
}

##########################################################################################
flushDNSCache()
{
    if ${ARG_FLUSH_DNS_CACHE} ; then
	    if [ "${OSVER}" = "10.4" ] ; then

			if [ -f /usr/sbin/lookupd ] ; then
				set +e # we will catch errors from lookupd
				/usr/sbin/lookupd -flushcache
				if [ $? != 0 ] ; then
					logMessage "WARNING: Unable to flush the DNS cache via lookupd"
				else
					logMessage "Flushed the DNS cache via lookupd"
				fi
				set -e # bash should again fail on errors
			else
				logMessage "WARNING: /usr/sbin/lookupd not present. Not flushing the DNS cache"
			fi

		else

			if [ -f /usr/bin/dscacheutil ] ; then
				set +e # we will catch errors from dscacheutil
				/usr/bin/dscacheutil -flushcache
				if [ $? != 0 ] ; then
					logMessage "WARNING: Unable to flush the DNS cache via dscacheutil"
				else
					logMessage "Flushed the DNS cache via dscacheutil"
				fi
				set -e # bash should again fail on errors
			else
				logMessage "WARNING: /usr/bin/dscacheutil not present. Not flushing the DNS cache via dscacheutil"
			fi
			
			if [ -f /usr/sbin/discoveryutil ] ; then
				set +e # we will catch errors from discoveryutil
				/usr/sbin/discoveryutil udnsflushcaches
				if [ $? != 0 ] ; then
					logMessage "WARNING: Unable to flush the DNS cache via discoveryutil udnsflushcaches"
				else
					logMessage "Flushed the DNS cache via discoveryutil udnsflushcaches"
				fi
				/usr/sbin/discoveryutil mdnsflushcache
				if [ $? != 0 ] ; then
					logMessage "WARNING: Unable to flush the DNS cache via discoveryutil mdnsflushcache"
				else
					logMessage "Flushed the DNS cache via discoveryutil mdnsflushcache"
				fi
				set -e # bash should again fail on errors
			else
				logMessage "/usr/sbin/discoveryutil not present. Not flushing the DNS cache via discoveryutil"
			fi
			
			set +e # "grep" will return error status (1) if no matches are found, so don't fail on individual errors
			hands_off_ps="$( ps -ax | grep HandsOffDaemon | grep -v grep.HandsOffDaemon )"
			set -e # We instruct bash that it CAN again fail on errors
			if [ "${hands_off_ps}" = "" ] ; then
				if [ -f /usr/bin/killall ] ; then
					set +e # ignore errors if mDNSResponder isn't currently running
					/usr/bin/killall -HUP mDNSResponder
					if [ $? != 0 ] ; then
						logMessage "mDNSResponder not running. Not notifying it that the DNS cache was flushed"
					else
						logMessage "Notified mDNSResponder that the DNS cache was flushed"
					fi
					set -e # bash should again fail on errors
				else
					logMessage "WARNING: /usr/bin/killall not present. Not notifying mDNSResponder that the DNS cache was flushed"
				fi
			else
				logMessage "WARNING: Hands Off is running.  Not notifying mDNSResponder that the DNS cache was flushed"
			fi
		
		fi
    fi
}


##########################################################################################
# log information about the DNS settings
# @param String Manual DNS_SA
# @param String New DNS_SA
logDnsInfo() {

	log_dns_info_manual_dns_sa="$1"
	log_dns_info_new_dns_sa="$2"
	
	if [ "${log_dns_info_manual_dns_sa}" != "" ] ; then
        logMessage "DNS servers '${log_dns_info_manual_dns_sa}' were set manually"
        if [ "${log_dns_info_manual_dns_sa}" != "${log_dns_info_new_dns_sa}" ] ; then
            logMessage "WARNING: that setting is being ignored by OS X; '${log_dns_info_new_dns_sa}' is being used."
        fi
    fi

    if [ "${log_dns_info_new_dns_sa}" != "" ] ; then
        logMessage "DNS servers '${log_dns_info_new_dns_sa}' will be used for DNS queries when the VPN is active"
		if [ "${log_dns_info_new_dns_sa}" == "127.0.0.1" ] ; then
			logMessage "NOTE: DNS server 127.0.0.1 often is used inside virtual machines (e.g., 'VirtualBox', 'Parallels', or 'VMWare'). The actual VPN server may be specified by the host machine. This DNS server setting may cause DNS queries to fail or be intercepted or falsified. Specify only known public DNS servers or DNS servers located on the VPN network to avoid such problems."
		else
			set +e # "grep" will return error status (1) if no matches are found, so don't fail on individual errors
			serversContainLoopback="$( echo "${log_dns_info_new_dns_sa}" | grep "127.0.0.1" )"
			set -e # We instruct bash that it CAN again fail on errors
			if [ "${serversContainLoopback}" != "" ] ; then
				logMessage "NOTE: DNS server 127.0.0.1 often is used inside virtual machines (e.g., 'VirtualBox', 'Parallels', or 'VMWare'). The actual VPN server may be specified by the host machine. If used, 127.0.0.1 may cause DNS queries to fail or be intercepted or falsified. Specify only known public DNS servers or DNS servers located on the VPN network to avoid such problems."
			else
				readonly knownPublicDnsServers="$( cat "${FREE_PUBLIC_DNS_SERVERS_LIST_PATH}" )"
				knownDnsServerNotFound="true"
				unknownDnsServerFound="false"
				for server in ${log_dns_info_new_dns_sa} ; do
					set +e # "grep" will return error status (1) if no matches are found, so don't fail on individual errors
					serverIsKnown="$( echo "${knownPublicDnsServers}" | grep "${server}" )"
					set -e # We instruct bash that it CAN again fail on errors
					if [ "${serverIsKnown}" != "" ] ; then
						knownDnsServerNotFound="false"
					else
						unknownDnsServerFound="true"
					fi
				done
				if ${knownDnsServerNotFound} ; then
					logMessage "NOTE: The DNS servers do not include any free public DNS servers known to Bitmask. This may cause DNS queries to fail or be intercepted or falsified even if they are directed through the VPN. Specify only known public DNS servers or DNS servers located on the VPN network to avoid such problems."
				else
					if ${unknownDnsServerFound} ; then
						logMessage "NOTE: The DNS servers include one or more free public DNS servers known to Bitmask and one or more DNS servers not known to Bitmask. If used, the DNS servers not known to Bitmask may cause DNS queries to fail or be intercepted or falsified even if they are directed through the VPN. Specify only known public DNS servers or DNS servers located on the VPN network to avoid such problems."
					else
						logMessage "The DNS servers include only free public DNS servers known to Bitmask."
					fi
				fi
			fi
		fi
    else
        logMessage "WARNING: There are no DNS servers in this computer's new network configuration. This computer or a DHCP server that this computer uses may be configured incorrectly."
    fi
}

logDnsInfoNoChanges() {
# log information about DNS settings if they are not changing

    set +e # "grep" will return error status (1) if no matches are found, so don't fail on individual errors

    PSID="$( scutil <<-EOF |
        open
        show State:/Network/Global/IPv4
        quit
EOF
grep PrimaryService | sed -e 's/.*PrimaryService : //'
)"

    readonly LOGDNSINFO_MAN_DNS_CONFIG="$( scutil <<-EOF |
        open
        show Setup:/Network/Service/${PSID}/DNS
        quit
EOF
sed -e 's/^[[:space:]]*[[:digit:]]* : //g' | tr '\n' ' '
)"

    readonly LOGDNSINFO_CUR_DNS_CONFIG="$( scutil <<-EOF |
        open
        show State:/Network/Global/DNS
        quit
EOF
sed -e 's/^[[:space:]]*[[:digit:]]* : //g' | tr '\n' ' '
)"

	if echo "${LOGDNSINFO_MAN_DNS_CONFIG}" | grep -q "ServerAddresses" ; then
		readonly LOGDNSINFO_MAN_DNS_SA="$( trim "$( echo "${LOGDNSINFO_MAN_DNS_CONFIG}" | sed -e 's/^.*ServerAddresses[^{]*{[[:space:]]*\([^}]*\)[[:space:]]*}.*$/\1/g' )" )"
	else
		readonly LOGDNSINFO_MAN_DNS_SA="";
	fi

	if echo "${LOGDNSINFO_CUR_DNS_CONFIG}" | grep -q "ServerAddresses" ; then
		readonly LOGDNSINFO_CUR_DNS_SA="$( trim "$( echo "${LOGDNSINFO_CUR_DNS_CONFIG}" | sed -e 's/^.*ServerAddresses[^{]*{[[:space:]]*\([^}]*\)[[:space:]]*}.*$/\1/g' )" )"
	else
		readonly LOGDNSINFO_CUR_DNS_SA="";
	fi

    set -e # resume abort on error

	logDnsInfo "${LOGDNSINFO_MAN_DNS_SA}" "${LOGDNSINFO_CUR_DNS_SA}"
}

##########################################################################################
#
# START OF SCRIPT
#
##########################################################################################

trap "" TSTP
trap "" HUP
trap "" INT
export PATH="/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin"

readonly OUR_NAME="$( basename "${0}" )"

logMessage "**********************************************"
logMessage "Start of output from ${OUR_NAME}"

# Process optional arguments (if any) for the script
# Each one begins with a "-"
# They come from Bitmask, and come first, before the OpenVPN arguments
# So we set ARG_ script variables to their values and shift them out of the argument list
# When we're done, only the OpenVPN arguments remain for the rest of the script to use
ARG_TAP="false"
ARG_WAIT_FOR_DHCP_IF_TAP="false"
ARG_RESTORE_ON_DNS_RESET="false"
ARG_FLUSH_DNS_CACHE="false"
ARG_IGNORE_OPTION_FLAGS=""
ARG_EXTRA_LOGGING="false"
ARG_MONITOR_NETWORK_CONFIGURATION="false"
ARG_DO_NO_USE_DEFAULT_DOMAIN="false"
ARG_PREPEND_DOMAIN_NAME="false"
ARG_RESET_PRIMARY_INTERFACE_ON_DISCONNECT="false"
ARG_TB_PATH="/Applications/Bitmask.app"
ARG_RESTORE_ON_WINS_RESET="false"
ARG_DISABLE_IPV6_ON_TUN="false"
ARG_ENABLE_IPV6_ON_TAP="false"

# Handle the arguments we know about by setting ARG_ script variables to their values, then shift them out
while [ {$#} ] ; do
    if [ "$1" = "-6" ] ; then                       # -6 = ARG_ENABLE_IPV6_ON_TAP (for TAP connections only)
        ARG_ENABLE_IPV6_ON_TAP="true"
        shift
    elif [ "$1" = "-9" ] ; then                     # -9 = ARG_DISABLE_IPV6_ON_TUN (for TUN connections only)
        ARG_DISABLE_IPV6_ON_TUN="true"
        shift
	elif [ "$1" = "-a" ] ; then						# -a = ARG_TAP
		ARG_TAP="true"
		shift
    elif [ "$1" = "-b" ] ; then                     # -b = ARG_WAIT_FOR_DHCP_IF_TAP
        ARG_WAIT_FOR_DHCP_IF_TAP="true"
        shift
    elif [ "$1" = "-d" ] ; then                     # -d = ARG_RESTORE_ON_DNS_RESET
        ARG_RESTORE_ON_DNS_RESET="true"
        shift
    elif [ "$1" = "-f" ] ; then                     # -f = ARG_FLUSH_DNS_CACHE
        ARG_FLUSH_DNS_CACHE="true"
        shift
	elif [ "${1:0:2}" = "-i" ] ; then				# -i arguments are for leasewatcher
		ARG_IGNORE_OPTION_FLAGS="${1}"
		shift
   elif [ "$1" = "-l" ] ; then                      # -l = ARG_EXTRA_LOGGING
        ARG_EXTRA_LOGGING="true"
        shift
    elif [ "$1" = "-m" ] ; then                     # -m = ARG_MONITOR_NETWORK_CONFIGURATION
		ARG_MONITOR_NETWORK_CONFIGURATION="true"
		shift
    elif [ "$1" = "-n" ] ; then                     # -n = ARG_DO_NO_USE_DEFAULT_DOMAIN
        ARG_DO_NO_USE_DEFAULT_DOMAIN="true"
        shift
    elif [ "$1" = "-p" ] ; then                     # -p = ARG_PREPEND_DOMAIN_NAME
		ARG_PREPEND_DOMAIN_NAME="true"
		shift
    elif [ "${1:0:2}" = "-p" ] ; then				# -p arguments are for process-network-changes
		ARG_IGNORE_OPTION_FLAGS="${1}"
		shift
    elif [ "$1" = "-r" ] ; then                     # -r = ARG_RESET_PRIMARY_INTERFACE_ON_DISCONNECT
        ARG_RESET_PRIMARY_INTERFACE_ON_DISCONNECT="true"
        shift
    elif [ "${1:0:2}" = "-t" ] ; then
        ARG_TB_PATH="${1:2}"				        # -t path of Bitmask.app
        shift
    elif [ "$1" = "-w" ] ; then                     # -w = ARG_RESTORE_ON_WINS_RESET
		ARG_RESTORE_ON_WINS_RESET="true"
		shift
	else
		if [ "${1:0:1}" = "-" ] ; then				# Shift out Bitmask arguments (they start with "-") that we don't understand
			shift									# so the rest of the script sees only the OpenVPN arguments
		else
			break
		fi
	fi
done

readonly ARG_MONITOR_NETWORK_CONFIGURATION ARG_RESTORE_ON_DNS_RESET ARG_RESTORE_ON_WINS_RESET ARG_TAP ARG_PREPEND_DOMAIN_NAME ARG_FLUSH_DNS_CACHE ARG_RESET_PRIMARY_INTERFACE_ON_DISCONNECT ARG_IGNORE_OPTION_FLAGS

# Note: The script log path name is constructed from the path of the regular config file, not the shadow copy
# if the config is shadow copy, e.g. /Library/Application Support/Bitmask/Users/Jonathan/Folder/Subfolder/config.ovpn
# then convert to regular config     /Users/Jonathan/Library/Application Support/Bitmask/Configurations/Folder/Subfolder/config.ovpn
#      to get the script log path
# Note: "/Users/..." works even if the home directory has a different path; it is used in the name of the log file, and is not used as a path to get to anything.
readonly TBALTPREFIX="/Library/Application Support/Bitmask/Users/"
readonly TBALTPREFIXLEN="${#TBALTPREFIX}"
readonly TBCONFIGSTART="${config:0:$TBALTPREFIXLEN}"
if [ "$TBCONFIGSTART" = "$TBALTPREFIX" ] ; then
	readonly TBBASE="${config:$TBALTPREFIXLEN}"
	readonly TBSUFFIX="${TBBASE#*/}"
	readonly TBUSERNAME="${TBBASE%%/*}"
	readonly TBCONFIG="/Users/$TBUSERNAME/Library/Application Support/Bitmask/Configurations/$TBSUFFIX"
else
    readonly TBCONFIG="${config}"
fi

readonly CONFIG_PATH_DASHES_SLASHES="$( echo "${TBCONFIG}" | sed -e 's/-/--/g' | sed -e 's/\//-S/g' )"
readonly SCRIPT_LOG_FILE="/Library/Application Support/Bitmask/Logs/${CONFIG_PATH_DASHES_SLASHES}.script.log"

readonly TB_RESOURCES_PATH="${ARG_TB_PATH}/Contents/Resources"
readonly FREE_PUBLIC_DNS_SERVERS_LIST_PATH="${TB_RESOURCES_PATH}/FreePublicDnsServersList.txt"

# These scripts use a launchd .plist to set up to monitor the network configuration.
#
# If Bitmask.app is located in /Applications, we load the launchd .plist directly from within the .app.
#
# If Bitmask.app is not located in /Applications (i.e., we are debugging), we create a modified version of the launchd .plist and use
# that modified copy in the 'launchctl load' command. (The modification is that the path to process-network-changes or leasewatch program
# in the .plist is changed to point to the copy of the program that is inside the running Bitmask.)
#
# The variables involved in this are set up here:
#
#     LEASEWATCHER_PLIST_PATH    is the path of the .plist to use in the 'launchctl load' command
#     LEASEWATCHER_TEMPLATE_PATH is an empty string if we load the .plist directly from within the .app,
#                                or it is the path to the original .plist inside the .app which we copy and modify
#     REMOVE_LEASEWATCHER_PLIST  is "true" if a modified .plist was used and should be deleted after it is unloaded
#                                or "false' if the plist was loaded directly from the .app
#
#     LEASEWATCHER_PLIST_PATH and REMOVE_LEASEWATCHER_PLIST are passed to the other scripts via the scutil State:/Network/OpenVPN mechanism

if [ "${ARG_IGNORE_OPTION_FLAGS:0:2}" = "-p" ] ; then
    readonly LEASEWATCHER_PLIST="ProcessNetworkChanges.plist"
else
    readonly LEASEWATCHER_PLIST="LeaseWatch.plist"
fi
if [ "${ARG_TB_PATH}" = "/Applications/Bitmask.app" ] ; then
    readonly LEASEWATCHER_PLIST_PATH="${TB_RESOURCES_PATH}/${LEASEWATCHER_PLIST}"
    readonly LEASEWATCHER_TEMPLATE_PATH=""
    readonly REMOVE_LEASEWATCHER_PLIST="false"
else
    readonly LEASEWATCHER_PLIST_PATH="/Library/Application Support/Bitmask/${LEASEWATCHER_PLIST}"
    readonly LEASEWATCHER_TEMPLATE_PATH="${TB_RESOURCES_PATH}/${LEASEWATCHER_PLIST}"
    readonly REMOVE_LEASEWATCHER_PLIST="true"
fi

set +e # "grep" will return error status (1) if no matches are found, so don't fail on individual errors
readonly OSVER="$( sw_vers | grep 'ProductVersion:' | grep -o '10\.[0-9]*' )"
set -e # We instruct bash that it CAN again fail on errors

if ${ARG_DO_NO_USE_DEFAULT_DOMAIN} ; then
    readonly DEFAULT_DOMAIN_NAME=""
else
    readonly DEFAULT_DOMAIN_NAME="openvpn"
fi

bRouteGatewayIsDhcp="false"

# We sleep to allow time for OS X to process network settings
sleep 2

EXIT_CODE=0

if ${ARG_TAP} ; then

    # IPv6 should be re-enabled only for TUN, not TAP
    readonly ipv6_disabled_services=""
    readonly ipv6_disabled_services_encoded=""

	# Still need to do: Look for route-gateway dhcp (TAP isn't always DHCP)
	bRouteGatewayIsDhcp="false"
	if [ -z "${route_vpn_gateway}" -o "$route_vpn_gateway" == "dhcp" -o "$route_vpn_gateway" == "DHCP" ]; then
		bRouteGatewayIsDhcp="true"
	fi
	
	if [ "$bRouteGatewayIsDhcp" == "true" ]; then
		logDebugMessage "DEBUG: bRouteGatewayIsDhcp is TRUE"
		if [ -z "$dev" ]; then
			logMessage "ERROR: Cannot configure TAP interface for DHCP without \$dev being defined. Exiting."
            # We don't create the "/tmp/bitmask-downscript-needs-to-be-run.txt" file, because the down script does NOT need to be run since we didn't do anything
            logMessage "End of output from ${OUR_NAME}"
            logMessage "**********************************************"
			exit 1
		fi
		
		logDebugMessage "DEBUG: About to 'ipconfig set \"$dev\" DHCP"
		ipconfig set "$dev" DHCP
		logMessage "Did 'ipconfig set \"$dev\" DHCP'"

        if ${ARG_ENABLE_IPV6_ON_TAP} ; then
            ipconfig set "$dev" AUTOMATIC-V6
            logMessage "Did 'ipconfig set \"$dev\" AUTOMATIC-V6'"
        fi

        if ${ARG_WAIT_FOR_DHCP_IF_TAP} ; then
            logMessage "Configuring tap DNS via DHCP synchronously"
            configureDhcpDns
        else
    		logMessage "Configuring tap DNS via DHCP asynchronously"
		    configureDhcpDns & # This must be run asynchronously; the DHCP lease will not complete until this script exits
		    EXIT_CODE=0
        fi
	elif [ "$foreign_option_1" == "" ]; then
		logMessage "NOTE: No network configuration changes need to be made."
		if ${ARG_MONITOR_NETWORK_CONFIGURATION} ; then
			logMessage "WARNING: Will NOT monitor for other network configuration changes."
		fi
        if ${ARG_ENABLE_IPV6_ON_TAP} ; then
            logMessage "WARNING: Will NOT set up IPv6 on TAP device because it does not use DHCP."
        fi
        logDnsInfoNoChanges
        flushDNSCache
	else
        if ${ARG_ENABLE_IPV6_ON_TAP} ; then
            logMessage "WARNING: Will NOT set up IPv6 on TAP device because it does not use DHCP."
        fi
		logMessage "Configuring tap DNS via OpenVPN"
		configureOpenVpnDns
		EXIT_CODE=$?
	fi
else
	if [ "$foreign_option_1" == "" ]; then
		logMessage "NOTE: No network configuration changes need to be made."
		if ${ARG_MONITOR_NETWORK_CONFIGURATION} ; then
			logMessage "WARNING: Will NOT monitor for other network configuration changes."
		fi
        if ${ARG_DISABLE_IPV6_ON_TUN} ; then
            logMessage "WARNING: Will NOT disable IPv6 settings."
        fi
        logDnsInfoNoChanges
        flushDNSCache
	else

        ipv6_disabled_services=""
        if ${ARG_DISABLE_IPV6_ON_TUN} ; then
            ipv6_disabled_services="$( disable_ipv6 )"
			if [ "$ipv6_disabled_services" != "" ] ; then
                printf %s "$ipv6_disabled_services
" | \
                while IFS= read -r dipv6_service ; do
                    logMessage "Disabled IPv6 for '$dipv6_service'"
                done
            fi
        fi
        readonly ipv6_disabled_services
		# Note '\n' is translated into '\t' so it is all on one line, because grep and sed only work with single lines
		readonly ipv6_disabled_services_encoded="$( echo "$ipv6_disabled_services" | tr '\n' '\t' )"

		configureOpenVpnDns
		EXIT_CODE=$?
	fi
fi

touch "/tmp/bitmask-downscript-needs-to-be-run.txt"

logMessage "End of output from ${OUR_NAME}"
logMessage "**********************************************"

exit $EXIT_CODE