import 0.2.1 soledad, incorporating package split

34 files changed, 0 insertions, 13800 deletions

diff --git a/src/leap/soledad/__init__.py b/src/leap/soledad/__init__.py
deleted file mode 100644
index c7f8cff3..00000000
--- a/src/leap/soledad/__init__.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,988 +0,0 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-# __init__.py
-# Copyright (C) 2013 LEAP
-#
-# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-# (at your option) any later version.
-#
-# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-# GNU General Public License for more details.
-#
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-
-"""
-Soledad - Synchronization Of Locally Encrypted Data Among Devices.
-
-Soledad is the part of LEAP that manages storage and synchronization of
-application data. It is built on top of U1DB reference Python API and
-implements (1) a SQLCipher backend for local storage in the client, (2) a
-SyncTarget that encrypts data before syncing, and (3) a CouchDB backend for
-remote storage in the server side.
-"""
-
-import os
-import string
-import binascii
-import logging
-import urlparse
-import simplejson as json
-import scrypt
-import httplib
-import socket
-import ssl
-
-
-from xdg import BaseDirectory
-from hashlib import sha256
-from u1db.remote import http_client
-from u1db.remote.ssl_match_hostname import (  # noqa
-    CertificateError,
-    match_hostname,
-)
-
-
-from leap.common import events
-from leap.common.check import leap_assert
-from leap.common.files import mkdir_p
-from leap.soledad.backends import sqlcipher
-from leap.soledad.backends.leap_backend import (
-    LeapDocument,
-    LeapSyncTarget,
-)
-
-from leap.soledad import shared_db
-from leap.soledad.shared_db import SoledadSharedDatabase
-from leap.soledad.crypto import SoledadCrypto
-
-
-logger = logging.getLogger(name=__name__)
-
-
-SOLEDAD_CERT = None
-"""
-Path to the certificate file used to certify the SSL connection between
-Soledad client and server.
-"""
-
-SECRETS_DOC_ID_HASH_PREFIX = 'uuid-'
-
-
-#
-# Soledad: local encrypted storage and remote encrypted sync.
-#
-
-class Soledad(object):
-    """
-    Soledad provides encrypted data storage and sync.
-
-    A Soledad instance is used to store and retrieve data in a local encrypted
-    database and synchronize this database with Soledad server.
-
-    This class is also responsible for bootstrapping users' account by
-    creating cryptographic secrets and/or storing/fetching them on Soledad
-    server.
-
-    Soledad uses C{leap.common.events} to signal events. The possible events
-    to be signaled are:
-
-        SOLEDAD_CREATING_KEYS: emitted during bootstrap sequence when key
-            generation starts.
-        SOLEDAD_DONE_CREATING_KEYS: emitted during bootstrap sequence when key
-            generation finishes.
-        SOLEDAD_UPLOADING_KEYS: emitted during bootstrap sequence when soledad
-            starts sending keys to server.
-        SOLEDAD_DONE_UPLOADING_KEYS: emitted during bootstrap sequence when
-            soledad finishes sending keys to server.
-        SOLEDAD_DOWNLOADING_KEYS: emitted during bootstrap sequence when
-            soledad starts to retrieve keys from server.
-        SOLEDAD_DONE_DOWNLOADING_KEYS: emitted during bootstrap sequence when
-            soledad finishes downloading keys from server.
-        SOLEDAD_NEW_DATA_TO_SYNC: emitted upon call to C{need_sync()} when
-          there's indeed new data to be synchronized between local database
-          replica and server's replica.
-        SOLEDAD_DONE_DATA_SYNC: emitted inside C{sync()} method when it has
-            finished synchronizing with remote replica.
-    """
-
-    LOCAL_DATABASE_FILE_NAME = 'soledad.u1db'
-    """
-    The name of the local SQLCipher U1DB database file.
-    """
-
-    STORAGE_SECRETS_FILE_NAME = "soledad.json"
-    """
-    The name of the file where the storage secrets will be stored.
-    """
-
-    GENERATED_SECRET_LENGTH = 1024
-    """
-    The length of the generated secret used to derive keys for symmetric
-    encryption for local and remote storage.
-    """
-
-    LOCAL_STORAGE_SECRET_LENGTH = 512
-    """
-    The length of the secret used to derive a passphrase for the SQLCipher
-    database.
-    """
-
-    REMOTE_STORAGE_SECRET_LENGTH = \
-        GENERATED_SECRET_LENGTH - LOCAL_STORAGE_SECRET_LENGTH
-    """
-    The length of the secret used to derive an encryption key and a MAC auth
-    key for remote storage.
-    """
-
-    SALT_LENGTH = 64
-    """
-    The length of the salt used to derive the key for the storage secret
-    encryption.
-    """
-
-    IV_SEPARATOR = ":"
-    """
-    A separator used for storing the encryption initial value prepended to the
-    ciphertext.
-    """
-
-    UUID_KEY = 'uuid'
-    STORAGE_SECRETS_KEY = 'storage_secrets'
-    SECRET_KEY = 'secret'
-    CIPHER_KEY = 'cipher'
-    LENGTH_KEY = 'length'
-    KDF_KEY = 'kdf'
-    KDF_SALT_KEY = 'kdf_salt'
-    KDF_LENGTH_KEY = 'kdf_length'
-    """
-    Keys used to access storage secrets in recovery documents.
-    """
-
-    DEFAULT_PREFIX = os.path.join(
-        BaseDirectory.xdg_config_home,
-        'leap', 'soledad')
-    """
-    Prefix for default values for path.
-    """
-
-    def __init__(self, uuid, passphrase, secrets_path, local_db_path,
-                 server_url, cert_file, auth_token=None, secret_id=None):
-        """
-        Initialize configuration, cryptographic keys and dbs.
-
-        @param uuid: User's uuid.
-        @type uuid: str
-        @param passphrase: The passphrase for locking and unlocking encryption
-            secrets for local and remote storage.
-        @type passphrase: str
-        @param secrets_path: Path for storing encrypted key used for
-            symmetric encryption.
-        @type secrets_path: str
-        @param local_db_path: Path for local encrypted storage db.
-        @type local_db_path: str
-        @param server_url: URL for Soledad server. This is used either to sync
-            with the user's remote db and to interact with the shared recovery
-            database.
-        @type server_url: str
-        @param cert_file: Path to the SSL certificate to use in the
-            connection to the server_url.
-        @type cert_file: str
-        @param auth_token: Authorization token for accessing remote databases.
-        @type auth_token: str
-        """
-        # get config params
-        self._uuid = uuid
-        self._passphrase = passphrase
-        # init crypto variables
-        self._secrets = {}
-        self._secret_id = secret_id
-        # init config (possibly with default values)
-        self._init_config(secrets_path, local_db_path, server_url)
-        self._set_token(auth_token)
-        # configure SSL certificate
-        global SOLEDAD_CERT
-        SOLEDAD_CERT = cert_file
-        # initiate bootstrap sequence
-        self._bootstrap()
-
-    def _init_config(self, secrets_path, local_db_path, server_url):
-        """
-        Initialize configuration using default values for missing params.
-        """
-        # initialize secrets_path
-        self._secrets_path = secrets_path
-        if self._secrets_path is None:
-            self._secrets_path = os.path.join(
-                self.DEFAULT_PREFIX, self.STORAGE_SECRETS_FILE_NAME)
-        # initialize local_db_path
-        self._local_db_path = local_db_path
-        if self._local_db_path is None:
-            self._local_db_path = os.path.join(
-                self.DEFAULT_PREFIX, self.LOCAL_DATABASE_FILE_NAME)
-        # initialize server_url
-        self._server_url = server_url
-        leap_assert(
-            self._server_url is not None,
-            'Missing URL for Soledad server.')
-
-    #
-    # initialization/destruction methods
-    #
-
-    def _bootstrap(self):
-        """
-        Bootstrap local Soledad instance.
-
-        Soledad Client bootstrap is the following sequence of stages:
-
-        * stage 0 - local environment setup.
-            - directory initialization.
-            - crypto submodule initialization
-        * stage 1 - secret generation/loading:
-            - if secrets exist locally, load them.
-            - else, if secrets exist in server, download them.
-            - else, generate a new secret.
-        * stage 2 - store secrets in server.
-        * stage 3 - database initialization.
-
-        This method decides which bootstrap stages have already been performed
-        and performs the missing ones in order.
-        """
-        # TODO: make sure key storage always happens (even if this method is
-        #       interrupted).
-        # TODO: write tests for bootstrap stages.
-        # TODO: log each bootstrap step.
-        # stage 0  - socal environment setup
-        self._init_dirs()
-        self._crypto = SoledadCrypto(self)
-        # stage 1 - secret generation/loading
-        if not self._has_secret():  # try to load from local storage.
-            logger.info(
-                'Trying to fetch cryptographic secrets from shared recovery '
-                'database...')
-            # there are no secrets in local storage, so try to fetch encrypted
-            # secrets from server.
-            doc = self._get_secrets_from_shared_db()
-            if doc:
-                # found secrets in server, so import them.
-                logger.info(
-                    'Found cryptographic secrets in shared recovery '
-                    'database.')
-                self.import_recovery_document(doc.content)
-            else:
-                # there are no secrets in server also, so generate a secret.
-                logger.info(
-                    'No cryptographic secrets found, creating new secrets...')
-                self._set_secret_id(self._gen_secret())
-        # Stage 2 - storage of encrypted secrets in the server.
-        self._put_secrets_in_shared_db()
-        # Stage 3 - Local database initialization
-        self._init_db()
-
-    def _init_dirs(self):
-        """
-        Create work directories.
-
-        @raise OSError: in case file exists and is not a dir.
-        """
-        paths = map(
-            lambda x: os.path.dirname(x),
-            [self._local_db_path, self._secrets_path])
-        for path in paths:
-            logger.info('Creating directory: %s.' % path)
-            mkdir_p(path)
-
-    def _init_db(self):
-        """
-        Initialize the U1DB SQLCipher database for local storage.
-
-        The local storage passphrase is hexlified version of the last
-        C{LOCAL_STORAGE_SECRET_LENGTH} bytes of the storage secret.
-        """
-        self._db = sqlcipher.open(
-            self._local_db_path,
-            # storage secret is binary but sqlcipher passphrase must be string
-            binascii.b2a_hex(
-                self._get_storage_secret()[self.LOCAL_STORAGE_SECRET_LENGTH:]),
-            create=True,
-            document_factory=LeapDocument,
-            crypto=self._crypto)
-
-    def close(self):
-        """
-        Close underlying U1DB database.
-        """
-        if hasattr(self, '_db') and isinstance(
-                self._db,
-                sqlcipher.SQLCipherDatabase):
-            self._db.close()
-
-    def __del__(self):
-        """
-        Make sure local database is closed when object is destroyed.
-        """
-        self.close()
-
-    #
-    # Management of secret for symmetric encryption.
-    #
-
-    def _get_storage_secret(self):
-        """
-        Return the storage secret.
-
-        Storage secret is encrypted before being stored. This method decrypts
-        and returns the stored secret.
-
-        @return: The storage secret.
-        @rtype: str
-        """
-        # calculate the encryption key
-        key = scrypt.hash(
-            self._passphrase,
-            # the salt is stored base64 encoded
-            binascii.a2b_base64(
-                self._secrets[self._secret_id][self.KDF_SALT_KEY]),
-            buflen=32,  # we need a key with 256 bits (32 bytes).
-        )
-        # recover the initial value and ciphertext
-        iv, ciphertext = self._secrets[self._secret_id][self.SECRET_KEY].split(
-            self.IV_SEPARATOR, 1)
-        ciphertext = binascii.a2b_base64(ciphertext)
-        return self._crypto.decrypt_sym(ciphertext, key, iv=iv)
-
-    def _set_secret_id(self, secret_id):
-        """
-        Define the id of the storage secret to be used.
-
-        This method will also replace the secret in the crypto object.
-        """
-        self._secret_id = secret_id
-
-    def _load_secrets(self):
-        """
-        Load storage secrets from local file.
-
-        The content of the file has the following format:
-
-            {
-                "storage_secrets": {
-                    "<secret_id>": {
-                        'kdf': 'scrypt',
-                        'kdf_salt': '<b64 repr of salt>'
-                        'kdf_length': <key length>
-                        "cipher": "aes256",
-                        "length": <secret length>,
-                        "secret": "<encrypted storage_secret 1>",
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        """
-        # does the file exist in disk?
-        if not os.path.isfile(self._secrets_path):
-            raise IOError('File does not exist: %s' % self._secrets_path)
-        # read storage secrets from file
-        content = None
-        with open(self._secrets_path, 'r') as f:
-            content = json.loads(f.read())
-        self._secrets = content[self.STORAGE_SECRETS_KEY]
-        # choose first secret if no secret_id was given
-        if self._secret_id is None:
-            self._set_secret_id(self._secrets.items()[0][0])
-
-    def _has_secret(self):
-        """
-        Return whether there is a storage secret available for use or not.
-
-        @return: Whether there's a storage secret for symmetric encryption.
-        @rtype: bool
-        """
-        if self._secret_id is None or self._secret_id not in self._secrets:
-            try:
-                self._load_secrets()  # try to load from disk
-            except IOError, e:
-                logger.error('IOError: %s' % str(e))
-        try:
-            self._get_storage_secret()
-            return True
-        except:
-            return False
-
-    def _gen_secret(self):
-        """
-        Generate a secret for symmetric encryption and store in a local
-        encrypted file.
-
-        This method emits the following signals:
-
-            * leap.common.events.events_pb2.SOLEDAD_CREATING_KEYS
-            * leap.common.events.events_pb2.SOLEDAD_DONE_CREATING_KEYS
-
-        A secret has the following structure:
-
-            {
-                '<secret_id>': {
-                        'kdf': 'scrypt',
-                        'kdf_salt': '<b64 repr of salt>'
-                        'kdf_length': <key length>
-                        'cipher': 'aes256',
-                        'length': <secret length>,
-                        'secret': '<encrypted b64 repr of storage_secret>',
-                }
-            }
-
-        @return: The id of the generated secret.
-        @rtype: str
-        """
-        events.signal(events.events_pb2.SOLEDAD_CREATING_KEYS, self._uuid)
-        # generate random secret
-        secret = os.urandom(self.GENERATED_SECRET_LENGTH)
-        secret_id = sha256(secret).hexdigest()
-        # generate random salt
-        salt = os.urandom(self.SALT_LENGTH)
-        # get a 256-bit key
-        key = scrypt.hash(self._passphrase, salt, buflen=32)
-        iv, ciphertext = self._crypto.encrypt_sym(secret, key)
-        self._secrets[secret_id] = {
-            # leap.soledad.crypto submodule uses AES256 for symmetric
-            # encryption.
-            self.KDF_KEY: 'scrypt',  # TODO: remove hard coded kdf
-            self.KDF_SALT_KEY: binascii.b2a_base64(salt),
-            self.KDF_LENGTH_KEY: len(key),
-            self.CIPHER_KEY: 'aes256',  # TODO: remove hard coded cipher
-            self.LENGTH_KEY: len(secret),
-            self.SECRET_KEY: '%s%s%s' % (
-                str(iv), self.IV_SEPARATOR, binascii.b2a_base64(ciphertext)),
-        }
-        self._store_secrets()
-        events.signal(
-            events.events_pb2.SOLEDAD_DONE_CREATING_KEYS, self._uuid)
-        return secret_id
-
-    def _store_secrets(self):
-        """
-        Store a secret in C{Soledad.STORAGE_SECRETS_FILE_PATH}.
-
-        The contents of the stored file have the following format:
-
-            {
-                'storage_secrets': {
-                    '<secret_id>': {
-                        'kdf': 'scrypt',
-                        'kdf_salt': '<salt>'
-                        'kdf_length': <len>
-                        'cipher': 'aes256',
-                        'length': 1024,
-                        'secret': '<encrypted storage_secret 1>',
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        """
-        data = {
-            self.STORAGE_SECRETS_KEY: self._secrets,
-        }
-        with open(self._secrets_path, 'w') as f:
-            f.write(json.dumps(data))
-
-    #
-    # General crypto utility methods.
-    #
-
-    def _uuid_hash(self):
-        """
-        Calculate a hash for storing/retrieving key material on shared
-        database, based on user's uuid.
-
-        @return: the hash
-        @rtype: str
-        """
-        return sha256(
-            '%s%s' % (
-                SECRETS_DOC_ID_HASH_PREFIX,
-                self._uuid)).hexdigest()
-
-    def _shared_db(self):
-        """
-        Return an instance of the shared recovery database object.
-        """
-        if self.server_url:
-            return SoledadSharedDatabase.open_database(
-                urlparse.urljoin(self.server_url, 'shared'),
-                False,  # TODO: eliminate need to create db here.
-                creds=self._creds)
-
-    def _get_secrets_from_shared_db(self):
-        """
-        Retrieve the document with encrypted key material from the shared
-        database.
-
-        @return: a document with encrypted key material in its contents
-        @rtype: LeapDocument
-        """
-        events.signal(
-            events.events_pb2.SOLEDAD_DOWNLOADING_KEYS, self._uuid)
-        db = self._shared_db()
-        if not db:
-            logger.warning('No shared db found')
-            return
-        doc = db.get_doc(self._uuid_hash())
-        events.signal(
-            events.events_pb2.SOLEDAD_DONE_DOWNLOADING_KEYS, self._uuid)
-        return doc
-
-    def _put_secrets_in_shared_db(self):
-        """
-        Assert local keys are the same as shared db's ones.
-
-        Try to fetch keys from shared recovery database. If they already exist
-        in the remote db, assert that that data is the same as local data.
-        Otherwise, upload keys to shared recovery database.
-
-        """
-        leap_assert(
-            self._has_secret(),
-            'Tried to send keys to server but they don\'t exist in local '
-            'storage.')
-        # try to get secrets doc from server, otherwise create it
-        doc = self._get_secrets_from_shared_db()
-        if doc is None:
-            doc = LeapDocument(doc_id=self._uuid_hash())
-        # fill doc with encrypted secrets
-        doc.content = self.export_recovery_document(include_uuid=False)
-        # upload secrets to server
-        events.signal(
-            events.events_pb2.SOLEDAD_UPLOADING_KEYS, self._uuid)
-        db = self._shared_db()
-        if not db:
-            logger.warning('No shared db found')
-            return
-        db.put_doc(doc)
-        events.signal(
-            events.events_pb2.SOLEDAD_DONE_UPLOADING_KEYS, self._uuid)
-
-    #
-    # Document storage, retrieval and sync.
-    #
-
-    def put_doc(self, doc):
-        """
-        Update a document in the local encrypted database.
-
-        @param doc: the document to update
-        @type doc: LeapDocument
-
-        @return: the new revision identifier for the document
-        @rtype: str
-        """
-        return self._db.put_doc(doc)
-
-    def delete_doc(self, doc):
-        """
-        Delete a document from the local encrypted database.
-
-        @param doc: the document to delete
-        @type doc: LeapDocument
-
-        @return: the new revision identifier for the document
-        @rtype: str
-        """
-        return self._db.delete_doc(doc)
-
-    def get_doc(self, doc_id, include_deleted=False):
-        """
-        Retrieve a document from the local encrypted database.
-
-        @param doc_id: the unique document identifier
-        @type doc_id: str
-        @param include_deleted: if True, deleted documents will be
-            returned with empty content; otherwise asking for a deleted
-            document will return None
-        @type include_deleted: bool
-
-        @return: the document object or None
-        @rtype: LeapDocument
-        """
-        return self._db.get_doc(doc_id, include_deleted=include_deleted)
-
-    def get_docs(self, doc_ids, check_for_conflicts=True,
-                 include_deleted=False):
-        """
-        Get the content for many documents.
-
-        @param doc_ids: a list of document identifiers
-        @type doc_ids: list
-        @param check_for_conflicts: if set False, then the conflict check will
-            be skipped, and 'None' will be returned instead of True/False
-        @type check_for_conflicts: bool
-
-        @return: iterable giving the Document object for each document id
-            in matching doc_ids order.
-        @rtype: generator
-        """
-        return self._db.get_docs(doc_ids,
-                                 check_for_conflicts=check_for_conflicts,
-                                 include_deleted=include_deleted)
-
-    def get_all_docs(self, include_deleted=False):
-        """Get the JSON content for all documents in the database.
-
-        @param include_deleted: If set to True, deleted documents will be
-            returned with empty content. Otherwise deleted documents will not
-            be included in the results.
-        @return: (generation, [Document])
-            The current generation of the database, followed by a list of all
-            the documents in the database.
-        """
-        return self._db.get_all_docs(include_deleted)
-
-    def create_doc(self, content, doc_id=None):
-        """
-        Create a new document in the local encrypted database.
-
-        @param content: the contents of the new document
-        @type content: dict
-        @param doc_id: an optional identifier specifying the document id
-        @type doc_id: str
-
-        @return: the new document
-        @rtype: LeapDocument
-        """
-        return self._db.create_doc(content, doc_id=doc_id)
-
-    def create_doc_from_json(self, json, doc_id=None):
-        """
-        Create a new document.
-
-        You can optionally specify the document identifier, but the document
-        must not already exist. See 'put_doc' if you want to override an
-        existing document.
-        If the database specifies a maximum document size and the document
-        exceeds it, create will fail and raise a DocumentTooBig exception.
-
-        @param json: The JSON document string
-        @type json: str
-        @param doc_id: An optional identifier specifying the document id.
-        @type doc_id:
-        @return: The new cocument
-        @rtype: LeapDocument
-        """
-        return self._db.create_doc_from_json(json, doc_id=doc_id)
-
-    def create_index(self, index_name, *index_expressions):
-        """
-        Create an named index, which can then be queried for future lookups.
-        Creating an index which already exists is not an error, and is cheap.
-        Creating an index which does not match the index_expressions of the
-        existing index is an error.
-        Creating an index will block until the expressions have been evaluated
-        and the index generated.
-
-        @param index_name: A unique name which can be used as a key prefix
-        @type index_name: str
-        @param index_expressions: index expressions defining the index
-            information.
-        @type index_expressions: dict
-
-            Examples:
-
-            "fieldname", or "fieldname.subfieldname" to index alphabetically
-            sorted on the contents of a field.
-
-            "number(fieldname, width)", "lower(fieldname)"
-        """
-        return self._db.create_index(index_name, *index_expressions)
-
-    def delete_index(self, index_name):
-        """
-        Remove a named index.
-
-        @param index_name: The name of the index we are removing
-        @type index_name: str
-        """
-        return self._db.delete_index(index_name)
-
-    def list_indexes(self):
-        """
-        List the definitions of all known indexes.
-
-        @return: A list of [('index-name', ['field', 'field2'])] definitions.
-        @rtype: list
-        """
-        return self._db.list_indexes()
-
-    def get_from_index(self, index_name, *key_values):
-        """
-        Return documents that match the keys supplied.
-
-        You must supply exactly the same number of values as have been defined
-        in the index. It is possible to do a prefix match by using '*' to
-        indicate a wildcard match. You can only supply '*' to trailing entries,
-        (eg 'val', '*', '*' is allowed, but '*', 'val', 'val' is not.)
-        It is also possible to append a '*' to the last supplied value (eg
-        'val*', '*', '*' or 'val', 'val*', '*', but not 'val*', 'val', '*')
-
-        @param index_name: The index to query
-        @type index_name: str
-        @param key_values: values to match. eg, if you have
-            an index with 3 fields then you would have:
-            get_from_index(index_name, val1, val2, val3)
-        @type key_values: tuple
-        @return: List of [Document]
-        @rtype: list
-        """
-        return self._db.get_from_index(index_name, *key_values)
-
-    def get_range_from_index(self, index_name, start_value, end_value):
-        """
-        Return documents that fall within the specified range.
-
-        Both ends of the range are inclusive. For both start_value and
-        end_value, one must supply exactly the same number of values as have
-        been defined in the index, or pass None. In case of a single column
-        index, a string is accepted as an alternative for a tuple with a single
-        value. It is possible to do a prefix match by using '*' to indicate
-        a wildcard match. You can only supply '*' to trailing entries, (eg
-        'val', '*', '*' is allowed, but '*', 'val', 'val' is not.) It is also
-        possible to append a '*' to the last supplied value (eg 'val*', '*',
-        '*' or 'val', 'val*', '*', but not 'val*', 'val', '*')
-
-        @param index_name: The index to query
-        @type index_name: str
-        @param start_values: tuples of values that define the lower bound of
-            the range. eg, if you have an index with 3 fields then you would
-            have: (val1, val2, val3)
-        @type start_values: tuple
-        @param end_values: tuples of values that define the upper bound of the
-            range. eg, if you have an index with 3 fields then you would have:
-            (val1, val2, val3)
-        @type end_values: tuple
-        @return: List of [Document]
-        @rtype: list
-        """
-        return self._db.get_range_from_index(
-            index_name, start_value, end_value)
-
-    def get_index_keys(self, index_name):
-        """
-        Return all keys under which documents are indexed in this index.
-
-        @param index_name: The index to query
-        @type index_name: str
-        @return: [] A list of tuples of indexed keys.
-        @rtype: list
-        """
-        return self._db.get_index_keys(index_name)
-
-    def get_doc_conflicts(self, doc_id):
-        """
-        Get the list of conflicts for the given document.
-
-        @param doc_id: the document id
-        @type doc_id: str
-
-        @return: a list of the document entries that are conflicted
-        @rtype: list
-        """
-        return self._db.get_doc_conflicts(doc_id)
-
-    def resolve_doc(self, doc, conflicted_doc_revs):
-        """
-        Mark a document as no longer conflicted.
-
-        @param doc: a document with the new content to be inserted.
-        @type doc: LeapDocument
-        @param conflicted_doc_revs: a list of revisions that the new content
-            supersedes.
-        @type conflicted_doc_revs: list
-        """
-        return self._db.resolve_doc(doc, conflicted_doc_revs)
-
-    def sync(self):
-        """
-        Synchronize the local encrypted replica with a remote replica.
-
-        @param url: the url of the target replica to sync with
-        @type url: str
-
-        @return: the local generation before the synchronisation was
-            performed.
-        @rtype: str
-        """
-        local_gen = self._db.sync(
-            urlparse.urljoin(self.server_url, 'user-%s' % self._uuid),
-            creds=self._creds, autocreate=True)
-        events.signal(events.events_pb2.SOLEDAD_DONE_DATA_SYNC, self._uuid)
-        return local_gen
-
-    def need_sync(self, url):
-        """
-        Return if local db replica differs from remote url's replica.
-
-        @param url: The remote replica to compare with local replica.
-        @type url: str
-
-        @return: Whether remote replica and local replica differ.
-        @rtype: bool
-        """
-        target = LeapSyncTarget(url, creds=self._creds, crypto=self._crypto)
-        info = target.get_sync_info(self._db._get_replica_uid())
-        # compare source generation with target's last known source generation
-        if self._db._get_generation() != info[4]:
-            events.signal(
-                events.events_pb2.SOLEDAD_NEW_DATA_TO_SYNC, self._uuid)
-            return True
-        return False
-
-    def _set_token(self, token):
-        """
-        Set the authentication token for remote database access.
-
-        Build the credentials dictionary with the following format:
-
-            self._{
-                'token': {
-                    'uuid': '<uuid>'
-                    'token': '<token>'
-            }
-
-        @param token: The authentication token.
-        @type token: str
-        """
-        self._creds = {
-            'token': {
-                'uuid': self._uuid,
-                'token': token,
-            }
-        }
-
-    def _get_token(self):
-        """
-        Return current token from credentials dictionary.
-        """
-        return self._creds['token']['token']
-
-    token = property(_get_token, _set_token, doc='The authentication Token.')
-
-    #
-    # Recovery document export and import methods
-    #
-    def export_recovery_document(self, include_uuid=True):
-        """
-        Export the storage secrets and (optionally) the uuid.
-
-        A recovery document has the following structure:
-
-            {
-                self.STORAGE_SECRET_KEY: <secrets dict>,
-                self.UUID_KEY: '<uuid>',  # (optional)
-            }
-
-        @param include_uuid: Should the uuid be included?
-        @type include_uuid: bool
-
-        @return: The recovery document.
-        @rtype: dict
-        """
-        data = {self.STORAGE_SECRETS_KEY: self._secrets}
-        if include_uuid:
-            data[self.UUID_KEY] = self._uuid
-        return data
-
-    def import_recovery_document(self, data):
-        """
-        Import storage secrets for symmetric encryption and uuid (if present)
-        from a recovery document.
-
-        A recovery document has the following structure:
-
-            {
-                self.STORAGE_SECRET_KEY: <secrets dict>,
-                self.UUID_KEY: '<uuid>',  # (optional)
-            }
-
-        @param data: The recovery document.
-        @type data: dict
-        """
-        # include new secrets in our secret pool.
-        for secret_id, secret_data in data[self.STORAGE_SECRETS_KEY].items():
-            if secret_id not in self._secrets:
-                self._secrets[secret_id] = secret_data
-        self._store_secrets()  # save new secrets in local file
-        # set uuid if present
-        if self.UUID_KEY in data:
-            self._uuid = data[self.UUID_KEY]
-        # choose first secret to use is none is assigned
-        if self._secret_id is None:
-            self._set_secret_id(data[self.STORAGE_SECRETS_KEY].items()[0][0])
-
-    #
-    # Setters/getters
-    #
-
-    def _get_uuid(self):
-        return self._uuid
-
-    uuid = property(_get_uuid, doc='The user uuid.')
-
-    def _get_secret_id(self):
-        return self._secret_id
-
-    secret_id = property(
-        _get_secret_id,
-        doc='The active secret id.')
-
-    def _get_secrets_path(self):
-        return self._secrets_path
-
-    secrets_path = property(
-        _get_secrets_path,
-        doc='The path for the file containing the encrypted symmetric secret.')
-
-    def _get_local_db_path(self):
-        return self._local_db_path
-
-    local_db_path = property(
-        _get_local_db_path,
-        doc='The path for the local database replica.')
-
-    def _get_server_url(self):
-        return self._server_url
-
-    server_url = property(
-        _get_server_url,
-        doc='The URL of the Soledad server.')
-
-    storage_secret = property(
-        _get_storage_secret,
-        doc='The secret used for symmetric encryption.')
-
-
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Monkey patching u1db to be able to provide a custom SSL cert
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-class VerifiedHTTPSConnection(httplib.HTTPSConnection):
-    """HTTPSConnection verifying server side certificates."""
-    # derived from httplib.py
-
-    def connect(self):
-        "Connect to a host on a given (SSL) port."
-        sock = socket.create_connection((self.host, self.port),
-                                        self.timeout, self.source_address)
-        if self._tunnel_host:
-            self.sock = sock
-            self._tunnel()
-
-        self.sock = ssl.wrap_socket(sock,
-                                    ca_certs=SOLEDAD_CERT,
-                                    cert_reqs=ssl.CERT_REQUIRED)
-        match_hostname(self.sock.getpeercert(), self.host)
-
-
-old__VerifiedHTTPSConnection = http_client._VerifiedHTTPSConnection
-http_client._VerifiedHTTPSConnection = VerifiedHTTPSConnection
diff --git a/src/leap/soledad/auth.py b/src/leap/soledad/auth.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 8c093099..00000000
--- a/src/leap/soledad/auth.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,71 +0,0 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-# auth.py
-# Copyright (C) 2013 LEAP
-#
-# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-# (at your option) any later version.
-#
-# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-# GNU General Public License for more details.
-#
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-
-"""
-Methods for token-based authentication.
-
-These methods have to be included in all classes that extend HTTPClient so
-they can do token-based auth requests to the Soledad server.
-"""
-
-
-from u1db.remote.http_client import HTTPClientBase
-from u1db import errors
-
-
-class TokenBasedAuth(object):
-    """
-    Encapsulate token-auth methods for classes that inherit from
-    u1db.remote.http_client.HTTPClient.
-    """
-
-    def set_token_credentials(self, uuid, token):
-        """
-        Store given credentials so we can sign the request later.
-
-        @param uuid: The user's uuid.
-        @type uuid: str
-        @param token: The authentication token.
-        @type token: str
-        """
-        self._creds = {'token': (uuid, token)}
-
-    def _sign_request(self, method, url_query, params):
-        """
-        Return an authorization header to be included in the HTTP request, in
-        the form:
-
-            [('Authorization', 'Token <base64 encoded creds')]
-
-        @param method: The HTTP method.
-        @type method: str
-        @param url_query: The URL query string.
-        @type url_query: str
-        @param params: A list with encoded query parameters.
-        @type param: list
-
-        @return: The Authorization header.
-        @rtype: list of tuple
-        """
-        if 'token' in self._creds:
-            uuid, token = self._creds['token']
-            auth = '%s:%s' % (uuid, token)
-            return [('Authorization', 'Token %s' % auth.encode('base64')[:-1])]
-        else:
-            raise errors.UnknownAuthMethod(
-                'Wrong credentials: %s' % self._creds)
diff --git a/src/leap/soledad/backends/__init__.py b/src/leap/soledad/backends/__init__.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 720a8118..00000000
--- a/src/leap/soledad/backends/__init__.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-# __init__.py
-# Copyright (C) 2013 LEAP
-#
-# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-# (at your option) any later version.
-#
-# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-# GNU General Public License for more details.
-#
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-
-"""
-Backends that extend U1DB functionality.
-"""
-
-from leap.soledad.backends import (
-    objectstore,
-    couch,
-    sqlcipher,
-    leap_backend,
-)
-
-
-__all__ = [
-    'objectstore',
-    'couch',
-    'sqlcipher',
-    'leap_backend',
-]
diff --git a/src/leap/soledad/backends/couch.py b/src/leap/soledad/backends/couch.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 57885012..00000000
--- a/src/leap/soledad/backends/couch.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,484 +0,0 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-# couch.py
-# Copyright (C) 2013 LEAP
-#
-# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-# (at your option) any later version.
-#
-# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-# GNU General Public License for more details.
-#
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-
-"""A U1DB backend that uses CouchDB as its persistence layer."""
-
-# general imports
-import uuid
-import re
-import simplejson as json
-
-
-from base64 import b64encode, b64decode
-from u1db import errors
-from u1db.sync import Synchronizer
-from u1db.backends.inmemory import InMemoryIndex
-from u1db.remote.server_state import ServerState
-from u1db.errors import DatabaseDoesNotExist
-from couchdb.client import Server, Document as CouchDocument
-from couchdb.http import ResourceNotFound
-
-
-from leap.soledad.backends.objectstore import (
-    ObjectStoreDatabase,
-    ObjectStoreSyncTarget,
-)
-from leap.soledad.backends.leap_backend import LeapDocument
-
-
-class InvalidURLError(Exception):
-    """
-    Exception raised when Soledad encounters a malformed URL.
-    """
-
-
-class CouchDatabase(ObjectStoreDatabase):
-    """
-    A U1DB backend that uses Couch as its persistence layer.
-    """
-
-    U1DB_TRANSACTION_LOG_KEY = 'transaction_log'
-    U1DB_CONFLICTS_KEY = 'conflicts'
-    U1DB_OTHER_GENERATIONS_KEY = 'other_generations'
-    U1DB_INDEXES_KEY = 'indexes'
-    U1DB_REPLICA_UID_KEY = 'replica_uid'
-
-    COUCH_ID_KEY = '_id'
-    COUCH_REV_KEY = '_rev'
-    COUCH_U1DB_ATTACHMENT_KEY = 'u1db_json'
-    COUCH_U1DB_REV_KEY = 'u1db_rev'
-
-    @classmethod
-    def open_database(cls, url, create):
-        """
-        Open a U1DB database using CouchDB as backend.
-
-        @param url: the url of the database replica
-        @type url: str
-        @param create: should the replica be created if it does not exist?
-        @type create: bool
-
-        @return: the database instance
-        @rtype: CouchDatabase
-        """
-        # get database from url
-        m = re.match('(^https?://[^/]+)/(.+)$', url)
-        if not m:
-            raise InvalidURLError
-        url = m.group(1)
-        dbname = m.group(2)
-        server = Server(url=url)
-        try:
-            server[dbname]
-        except ResourceNotFound:
-            if not create:
-                raise DatabaseDoesNotExist()
-        return cls(url, dbname)
-
-    def __init__(self, url, dbname, replica_uid=None, full_commit=True,
-                 session=None):
-        """
-        Create a new Couch data container.
-
-        @param url: the url of the couch database
-        @type url: str
-        @param dbname: the database name
-        @type dbname: str
-        @param replica_uid: an optional unique replica identifier
-        @type replica_uid: str
-        @param full_commit: turn on the X-Couch-Full-Commit header
-        @type full_commit: bool
-        @param session: an http.Session instance or None for a default session
-        @type session: http.Session
-        """
-        self._url = url
-        self._full_commit = full_commit
-        self._session = session
-        self._server = Server(url=self._url,
-                              full_commit=self._full_commit,
-                              session=self._session)
-        self._dbname = dbname
-        # this will ensure that transaction and sync logs exist and are
-        # up-to-date.
-        try:
-            self._database = self._server[self._dbname]
-        except ResourceNotFound:
-            self._server.create(self._dbname)
-            self._database = self._server[self._dbname]
-        ObjectStoreDatabase.__init__(self, replica_uid=replica_uid,
-                                     # TODO: move the factory choice
-                                     # away
-                                     document_factory=LeapDocument)
-
-    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    # methods from Database
-    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-    def _get_doc(self, doc_id, check_for_conflicts=False):
-        """
-        Get just the document content, without fancy handling.
-
-        @param doc_id: The unique document identifier
-        @type doc_id: str
-        @param include_deleted: If set to True, deleted documents will be
-            returned with empty content. Otherwise asking for a deleted
-            document will return None.
-        @type include_deleted: bool
-
-        @return: a Document object.
-        @type: u1db.Document
-        """
-        cdoc = self._database.get(doc_id)
-        if cdoc is None:
-            return None
-        has_conflicts = False
-        if check_for_conflicts:
-            has_conflicts = self._has_conflicts(doc_id)
-        doc = self._factory(
-            doc_id=doc_id,
-            rev=cdoc[self.COUCH_U1DB_REV_KEY],
-            has_conflicts=has_conflicts)
-        contents = self._database.get_attachment(
-            cdoc,
-            self.COUCH_U1DB_ATTACHMENT_KEY)
-        if contents:
-            doc.content = json.loads(contents.read())
-        else:
-            doc.make_tombstone()
-        return doc
-
-    def get_all_docs(self, include_deleted=False):
-        """
-        Get the JSON content for all documents in the database.
-
-        @param include_deleted: If set to True, deleted documents will be
-            returned with empty content. Otherwise deleted documents will not
-            be included in the results.
-        @type include_deleted: bool
-
-        @return: (generation, [Document])
-            The current generation of the database, followed by a list of all
-            the documents in the database.
-        @rtype: tuple
-        """
-        generation = self._get_generation()
-        results = []
-        for doc_id in self._database:
-            if doc_id == self.U1DB_DATA_DOC_ID:
-                continue
-            doc = self._get_doc(doc_id, check_for_conflicts=True)
-            if doc.content is None and not include_deleted:
-                continue
-            results.append(doc)
-        return (generation, results)
-
-    def _put_doc(self, doc):
-        """
-        Update a document.
-
-        This is called everytime we just want to do a raw put on the db (i.e.
-        without index updates, document constraint checks, and conflict
-        checks).
-
-        @param doc: The document to update.
-        @type doc: u1db.Document
-
-        @return: The new revision identifier for the document.
-        @rtype: str
-        """
-        # prepare couch's Document
-        cdoc = CouchDocument()
-        cdoc[self.COUCH_ID_KEY] = doc.doc_id
-        # we have to guarantee that couch's _rev is consistent
-        old_cdoc = self._database.get(doc.doc_id)
-        if old_cdoc is not None:
-            cdoc[self.COUCH_REV_KEY] = old_cdoc[self.COUCH_REV_KEY]
-        # store u1db's rev
-        cdoc[self.COUCH_U1DB_REV_KEY] = doc.rev
-        # save doc in db
-        self._database.save(cdoc)
-        # store u1db's content as json string
-        if not doc.is_tombstone():
-            self._database.put_attachment(
-                cdoc, doc.get_json(),
-                filename=self.COUCH_U1DB_ATTACHMENT_KEY)
-        else:
-            self._database.delete_attachment(
-                cdoc,
-                self.COUCH_U1DB_ATTACHMENT_KEY)
-
-    def get_sync_target(self):
-        """
-        Return a SyncTarget object, for another u1db to synchronize with.
-
-        @return: The sync target.
-        @rtype: CouchSyncTarget
-        """
-        return CouchSyncTarget(self)
-
-    def create_index(self, index_name, *index_expressions):
-        """
-        Create a named index, which can then be queried for future lookups.
-
-        @param index_name: A unique name which can be used as a key prefix.
-        @param index_expressions: Index expressions defining the index
-            information.
-        """
-        if index_name in self._indexes:
-            if self._indexes[index_name]._definition == list(
-                    index_expressions):
-                return
-            raise errors.IndexNameTakenError
-        index = InMemoryIndex(index_name, list(index_expressions))
-        for doc_id in self._database:
-            if doc_id == self.U1DB_DATA_DOC_ID:  # skip special file
-                continue
-            doc = self._get_doc(doc_id)
-            if doc.content is not None:
-                index.add_json(doc_id, doc.get_json())
-        self._indexes[index_name] = index
-        # save data in object store
-        self._store_u1db_data()
-
-    def close(self):
-        """
-        Release any resources associated with this database.
-
-        @return: True if db was succesfully closed.
-        @rtype: bool
-        """
-        # TODO: fix this method so the connection is properly closed and
-        # test_close (+tearDown, which deletes the db) works without problems.
-        self._url = None
-        self._full_commit = None
-        self._session = None
-        #self._server = None
-        self._database = None
-        return True
-
-    def sync(self, url, creds=None, autocreate=True):
-        """
-        Synchronize documents with remote replica exposed at url.
-
-        @param url: The url of the target replica to sync with.
-        @type url: str
-        @param creds: optional dictionary giving credentials.
-            to authorize the operation with the server.
-        @type creds: dict
-        @param autocreate: Ask the target to create the db if non-existent.
-        @type autocreate: bool
-
-        @return: The local generation before the synchronisation was performed.
-        @rtype: int
-        """
-        return Synchronizer(self, CouchSyncTarget(url, creds=creds)).sync(
-            autocreate=autocreate)
-
-    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    # methods from ObjectStoreDatabase
-    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-    def _init_u1db_data(self):
-        """
-        Initialize U1DB info data structure in the couch db.
-
-        A U1DB database needs to keep track of all database transactions,
-        document conflicts, the generation of other replicas it has seen,
-        indexes created by users and so on.
-
-        In this implementation, all this information is stored in a special
-        document stored in the couch db with id equals to
-        CouchDatabse.U1DB_DATA_DOC_ID.
-
-        This method initializes the document that will hold such information.
-        """
-        if self._replica_uid is None:
-            self._replica_uid = uuid.uuid4().hex
-        # TODO: prevent user from overwriting a document with the same doc_id
-        # as this one.
-        doc = self._factory(doc_id=self.U1DB_DATA_DOC_ID)
-        doc.content = {
-            self.U1DB_TRANSACTION_LOG_KEY: b64encode(json.dumps([])),
-            self.U1DB_CONFLICTS_KEY: b64encode(json.dumps({})),
-            self.U1DB_OTHER_GENERATIONS_KEY: b64encode(json.dumps({})),
-            self.U1DB_INDEXES_KEY: b64encode(json.dumps({})),
-            self.U1DB_REPLICA_UID_KEY: b64encode(self._replica_uid),
-        }
-        self._put_doc(doc)
-
-    def _fetch_u1db_data(self):
-        """
-        Fetch U1DB info from the couch db.
-
-        See C{_init_u1db_data} documentation.
-        """
-        # retrieve u1db data from couch db
-        cdoc = self._database.get(self.U1DB_DATA_DOC_ID)
-        jsonstr = self._database.get_attachment(
-            cdoc, self.COUCH_U1DB_ATTACHMENT_KEY).read()
-        content = json.loads(jsonstr)
-        # set u1db database info
-        self._transaction_log = json.loads(
-            b64decode(content[self.U1DB_TRANSACTION_LOG_KEY]))
-        self._conflicts = json.loads(
-            b64decode(content[self.U1DB_CONFLICTS_KEY]))
-        self._other_generations = json.loads(
-            b64decode(content[self.U1DB_OTHER_GENERATIONS_KEY]))
-        self._indexes = self._load_indexes_from_json(
-            b64decode(content[self.U1DB_INDEXES_KEY]))
-        self._replica_uid = b64decode(content[self.U1DB_REPLICA_UID_KEY])
-        # save couch _rev
-        self._couch_rev = cdoc[self.COUCH_REV_KEY]
-
-    def _store_u1db_data(self):
-        """
-        Store U1DB info in the couch db.
-
-        See C{_init_u1db_data} documentation.
-        """
-        doc = self._factory(doc_id=self.U1DB_DATA_DOC_ID)
-        doc.content = {
-            # Here, the b64 encode ensures that document content
-            # does not cause strange behaviour in couchdb because
-            # of encoding.
-            self.U1DB_TRANSACTION_LOG_KEY:
-                b64encode(json.dumps(self._transaction_log)),
-            self.U1DB_CONFLICTS_KEY: b64encode(json.dumps(self._conflicts)),
-            self.U1DB_OTHER_GENERATIONS_KEY:
-                b64encode(json.dumps(self._other_generations)),
-            self.U1DB_INDEXES_KEY: b64encode(self._dump_indexes_as_json()),
-            self.U1DB_REPLICA_UID_KEY: b64encode(self._replica_uid),
-            self.COUCH_REV_KEY: self._couch_rev}
-        self._put_doc(doc)
-
-    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    # Couch specific methods
-    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-    INDEX_NAME_KEY = 'name'
-    INDEX_DEFINITION_KEY = 'definition'
-    INDEX_VALUES_KEY = 'values'
-
-    def delete_database(self):
-        """
-        Delete a U1DB CouchDB database.
-        """
-        del(self._server[self._dbname])
-
-    def _dump_indexes_as_json(self):
-        """
-        Dump index definitions as JSON string.
-        """
-        indexes = {}
-        for name, idx in self._indexes.iteritems():
-            indexes[name] = {}
-            for attr in [self.INDEX_NAME_KEY, self.INDEX_DEFINITION_KEY,
-                         self.INDEX_VALUES_KEY]:
-                indexes[name][attr] = getattr(idx, '_' + attr)
-        return json.dumps(indexes)
-
-    def _load_indexes_from_json(self, indexes):
-        """
-        Load index definitions from JSON string.
-
-        @param indexes: A JSON serialization of a list of [('index-name',
-            ['field', 'field2'])].
-        @type indexes: str
-
-        @return: A dictionary with the index definitions.
-        @rtype: dict
-        """
-        dict = {}
-        for name, idx_dict in json.loads(indexes).iteritems():
-            idx = InMemoryIndex(name, idx_dict[self.INDEX_DEFINITION_KEY])
-            idx._values = idx_dict[self.INDEX_VALUES_KEY]
-            dict[name] = idx
-        return dict
-
-
-class CouchSyncTarget(ObjectStoreSyncTarget):
-    """
-    Functionality for using a CouchDatabase as a synchronization target.
-    """
-
-
-class CouchServerState(ServerState):
-    """
-    Inteface of the WSGI server with the CouchDB backend.
-    """
-
-    def __init__(self, couch_url):
-        self._couch_url = couch_url
-
-    def open_database(self, dbname):
-        """
-        Open a couch database.
-
-        @param dbname: The name of the database to open.
-        @type dbname: str
-
-        @return: The CouchDatabase object.
-        @rtype: CouchDatabase
-        """
-        # TODO: open couch
-        return CouchDatabase.open_database(
-            self._couch_url + '/' + dbname,
-            create=False)
-
-    def ensure_database(self, dbname):
-        """
-        Ensure couch database exists.
-
-        @param dbname: The name of the database to ensure.
-        @type dbname: str
-
-        @return: The CouchDatabase object and the replica uid.
-        @rtype: (CouchDatabase, str)
-        """
-        db = CouchDatabase.open_database(
-            self._couch_url + '/' + dbname,
-            create=True)
-        return db, db._replica_uid
-
-    def delete_database(self, dbname):
-        """
-        Delete couch database.
-
-        @param dbname: The name of the database to delete.
-        @type dbname: str
-        """
-        CouchDatabase.delete_database(self._couch_url + '/' + dbname)
-
-    def _set_couch_url(self, url):
-        """
-        Set the couchdb URL
-
-        @param url: CouchDB URL
-        @type url: str
-        """
-        self._couch_url = url
-
-    def _get_couch_url(self):
-        """
-        Return CouchDB URL
-
-        @rtype: str
-        """
-        return self._couch_url
-
-    couch_url = property(_get_couch_url, _set_couch_url, doc='CouchDB URL')
diff --git a/src/leap/soledad/backends/leap_backend.py b/src/leap/soledad/backends/leap_backend.py
deleted file mode 100644
index d92025db..00000000
--- a/src/leap/soledad/backends/leap_backend.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,546 +0,0 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-# leap_backend.py
-# Copyright (C) 2013 LEAP
-#
-# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-# (at your option) any later version.
-#
-# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-# GNU General Public License for more details.
-#
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-
-"""
-A U1DB backend for encrypting data before sending to server and decrypting
-after receiving.
-"""
-
-import simplejson as json
-import hashlib
-import hmac
-import binascii
-
-
-from u1db import Document
-from u1db.remote import utils
-from u1db.errors import BrokenSyncStream
-from u1db.remote.http_target import HTTPSyncTarget
-
-
-from leap.common.crypto import (
-    EncryptionMethods,
-    UnknownEncryptionMethod,
-    encrypt_sym,
-    decrypt_sym,
-)
-from leap.common.check import leap_assert
-from leap.soledad.auth import TokenBasedAuth
-
-
-#
-# Exceptions
-#
-
-class DocumentNotEncrypted(Exception):
-    """
-    Raised for failures in document encryption.
-    """
-    pass
-
-
-class UnknownEncryptionScheme(Exception):
-    """
-    Raised when trying to decrypt from unknown encryption schemes.
-    """
-    pass
-
-
-class UnknownMacMethod(Exception):
-    """
-    Raised when trying to authenticate document's content with unknown MAC
-    mehtod.
-    """
-    pass
-
-
-class WrongMac(Exception):
-    """
-    Raised when failing to authenticate document's contents based on MAC.
-    """
-
-
-#
-# Encryption schemes used for encryption.
-#
-
-class EncryptionSchemes(object):
-    """
-    Representation of encryption schemes used to encrypt documents.
-    """
-
-    NONE = 'none'
-    SYMKEY = 'symkey'
-    PUBKEY = 'pubkey'
-
-
-class MacMethods(object):
-    """
-    Representation of MAC methods used to authenticate document's contents.
-    """
-
-    HMAC = 'hmac'
-
-
-#
-# Crypto utilities for a LeapDocument.
-#
-
-ENC_JSON_KEY = '_enc_json'
-ENC_SCHEME_KEY = '_enc_scheme'
-ENC_METHOD_KEY = '_enc_method'
-ENC_IV_KEY = '_enc_iv'
-MAC_KEY = '_mac'
-MAC_METHOD_KEY = '_mac_method'
-
-
-def mac_doc(crypto, doc_id, doc_rev, ciphertext, mac_method):
-    """
-    Calculate a MAC for C{doc} using C{ciphertext}.
-
-    Current MAC method used is HMAC, with the following parameters:
-
-        * key: sha256(storage_secret, doc_id)
-        * msg: doc_id + doc_rev + ciphertext
-        * digestmod: sha256
-
-    @param crypto: A SoledadCryto instance used to perform the encryption.
-    @type crypto: leap.soledad.crypto.SoledadCrypto
-    @param doc_id: The id of the document.
-    @type doc_id: str
-    @param doc_rev: The revision of the document.
-    @type doc_rev: str
-    @param ciphertext: The content of the document.
-    @type ciphertext: str
-    @param mac_method: The MAC method to use.
-    @type mac_method: str
-
-    @return: The calculated MAC.
-    @rtype: str
-    """
-    if mac_method == MacMethods.HMAC:
-        return hmac.new(
-            crypto.doc_mac_key(doc_id),
-            str(doc_id) + str(doc_rev) + ciphertext,
-            hashlib.sha256).digest()
-    # raise if we do not know how to handle this MAC method
-    raise UnknownMacMethod('Unknown MAC method: %s.' % mac_method)
-
-
-def encrypt_doc(crypto, doc):
-    """
-    Encrypt C{doc}'s content.
-
-    Encrypt doc's contents using AES-256 CTR mode and return a valid JSON
-    string representing the following:
-
-        {
-            ENC_JSON_KEY: '<encrypted doc JSON string>',
-            ENC_SCHEME_KEY: 'symkey',
-            ENC_METHOD_KEY: EncryptionMethods.AES_256_CTR,
-            ENC_IV_KEY: '<the initial value used to encrypt>',
-            MAC_KEY: '<mac>'
-            MAC_METHOD_KEY: 'hmac'
-        }
-
-    @param crypto: A SoledadCryto instance used to perform the encryption.
-    @type crypto: leap.soledad.crypto.SoledadCrypto
-    @param doc: The document with contents to be encrypted.
-    @type doc: LeapDocument
-
-    @return: The JSON serialization of the dict representing the encrypted
-        content.
-    @rtype: str
-    """
-    leap_assert(doc.is_tombstone() is False)
-    # encrypt content using AES-256 CTR mode
-    iv, ciphertext = encrypt_sym(
-        doc.get_json(),
-        crypto.doc_passphrase(doc.doc_id),
-        method=EncryptionMethods.AES_256_CTR)
-    # Return a representation for the encrypted content. In the following, we
-    # convert binary data to hexadecimal representation so the JSON
-    # serialization does not complain about what it tries to serialize.
-    hex_ciphertext = binascii.b2a_hex(ciphertext)
-    return json.dumps({
-        ENC_JSON_KEY: hex_ciphertext,
-        ENC_SCHEME_KEY: EncryptionSchemes.SYMKEY,
-        ENC_METHOD_KEY: EncryptionMethods.AES_256_CTR,
-        ENC_IV_KEY: iv,
-        MAC_KEY: binascii.b2a_hex(mac_doc(  # store the mac as hex.
-            crypto, doc.doc_id, doc.rev,
-            ciphertext,
-            MacMethods.HMAC)),
-        MAC_METHOD_KEY: MacMethods.HMAC,
-    })
-
-
-def decrypt_doc(crypto, doc):
-    """
-    Decrypt C{doc}'s content.
-
-    Return the JSON string representation of the document's decrypted content.
-
-    The content of the document should have the following structure:
-
-        {
-            ENC_JSON_KEY: '<enc_blob>',
-            ENC_SCHEME_KEY: '<enc_scheme>',
-            ENC_METHOD_KEY: '<enc_method>',
-            ENC_IV_KEY: '<initial value used to encrypt>',  # (optional)
-            MAC_KEY: '<mac>'
-            MAC_METHOD_KEY: 'hmac'
-        }
-
-    C{enc_blob} is the encryption of the JSON serialization of the document's
-    content. For now Soledad just deals with documents whose C{enc_scheme} is
-    EncryptionSchemes.SYMKEY and C{enc_method} is
-    EncryptionMethods.AES_256_CTR.
-
-    @param crypto: A SoledadCryto instance to perform the encryption.
-    @type crypto: leap.soledad.crypto.SoledadCrypto
-    @param doc: The document to be decrypted.
-    @type doc: LeapDocument
-
-    @return: The JSON serialization of the decrypted content.
-    @rtype: str
-    """
-    leap_assert(doc.is_tombstone() is False)
-    leap_assert(ENC_JSON_KEY in doc.content)
-    leap_assert(ENC_SCHEME_KEY in doc.content)
-    leap_assert(ENC_METHOD_KEY in doc.content)
-    leap_assert(MAC_KEY in doc.content)
-    leap_assert(MAC_METHOD_KEY in doc.content)
-    # verify MAC
-    ciphertext = binascii.a2b_hex(  # content is stored as hex.
-        doc.content[ENC_JSON_KEY])
-    mac = mac_doc(
-        crypto, doc.doc_id, doc.rev,
-        ciphertext,
-        doc.content[MAC_METHOD_KEY])
-    if binascii.a2b_hex(doc.content[MAC_KEY]) != mac:  # mac is stored as hex.
-        raise WrongMac('Could not authenticate document\'s contents.')
-    # decrypt doc's content
-    enc_scheme = doc.content[ENC_SCHEME_KEY]
-    plainjson = None
-    if enc_scheme == EncryptionSchemes.SYMKEY:
-        enc_method = doc.content[ENC_METHOD_KEY]
-        if enc_method == EncryptionMethods.AES_256_CTR:
-            leap_assert(ENC_IV_KEY in doc.content)
-            plainjson = decrypt_sym(
-                ciphertext,
-                crypto.doc_passphrase(doc.doc_id),
-                method=enc_method,
-                iv=doc.content[ENC_IV_KEY])
-        else:
-            raise UnknownEncryptionMethod(enc_method)
-    else:
-        raise UnknownEncryptionScheme(enc_scheme)
-    return plainjson
-
-
-class LeapDocument(Document):
-    """
-    Encryptable and syncable document.
-
-    LEAP Documents can be flagged as syncable or not, so the replicas
-    might not sync every document.
-    """
-
-    def __init__(self, doc_id=None, rev=None, json='{}', has_conflicts=False,
-                 syncable=True):
-        """
-        Container for handling an encryptable document.
-
-        @param doc_id: The unique document identifier.
-        @type doc_id: str
-        @param rev: The revision identifier of the document.
-        @type rev: str
-        @param json: The JSON string for this document.
-        @type json: str
-        @param has_conflicts: Boolean indicating if this document has conflicts
-        @type has_conflicts: bool
-        @param syncable: Should this document be synced with remote replicas?
-        @type syncable: bool
-        """
-        Document.__init__(self, doc_id, rev, json, has_conflicts)
-        self._syncable = syncable
-
-    def _get_syncable(self):
-        """
-        Return whether this document is syncable.
-
-        @return: Is this document syncable?
-        @rtype: bool
-        """
-        return self._syncable
-
-    def _set_syncable(self, syncable=True):
-        """
-        Determine if this document should be synced with remote replicas.
-
-        @param syncable: Should this document be synced with remote replicas?
-        @type syncable: bool
-        """
-        self._syncable = syncable
-
-    syncable = property(
-        _get_syncable,
-        _set_syncable,
-        doc="Determine if document should be synced with server."
-    )
-
-    def _get_rev(self):
-        """
-        Get the document revision.
-
-        Returning the revision as string solves the following exception in
-        Twisted web:
-            exceptions.TypeError: Can only pass-through bytes on Python 2
-
-        @return: The document revision.
-        @rtype: str
-        """
-        if self._rev is None:
-            return None
-        return str(self._rev)
-
-    def _set_rev(self, rev):
-        """
-        Set document revision.
-
-        @param rev: The new document revision.
-        @type rev: bytes
-        """
-        self._rev = rev
-
-    rev = property(
-        _get_rev,
-        _set_rev,
-        doc="Wrapper to ensure `doc.rev` is always returned as bytes.")
-
-
-#
-# LeapSyncTarget
-#
-
-class LeapSyncTarget(HTTPSyncTarget, TokenBasedAuth):
-    """
-    A SyncTarget that encrypts data before sending and decrypts data after
-    receiving.
-    """
-
-    #
-    # Token auth methods.
-    #
-
-    def set_token_credentials(self, uuid, token):
-        """
-        Store given credentials so we can sign the request later.
-
-        @param uuid: The user's uuid.
-        @type uuid: str
-        @param token: The authentication token.
-        @type token: str
-        """
-        TokenBasedAuth.set_token_credentials(self, uuid, token)
-
-    def _sign_request(self, method, url_query, params):
-        """
-        Return an authorization header to be included in the HTTP request.
-
-        @param method: The HTTP method.
-        @type method: str
-        @param url_query: The URL query string.
-        @type url_query: str
-        @param params: A list with encoded query parameters.
-        @type param: list
-
-        @return: The Authorization header.
-        @rtype: list of tuple
-        """
-        return TokenBasedAuth._sign_request(self, method, url_query, params)
-
-    #
-    # Modified HTTPSyncTarget methods.
-    #
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def connect(url, crypto=None):
-        return LeapSyncTarget(url, crypto=crypto)
-
-    def __init__(self, url, creds=None, crypto=None):
-        """
-        Initialize the LeapSyncTarget.
-
-        @param url: The url of the target replica to sync with.
-        @type url: str
-        @param creds: optional dictionary giving credentials.
-            to authorize the operation with the server.
-        @type creds: dict
-        @param soledad: An instance of Soledad so we can encrypt/decrypt
-            document contents when syncing.
-        @type soledad: soledad.Soledad
-        """
-        HTTPSyncTarget.__init__(self, url, creds)
-        self._crypto = crypto
-
-    def _parse_sync_stream(self, data, return_doc_cb, ensure_callback=None):
-        """
-        Parse incoming synchronization stream and insert documents in the
-        local database.
-
-        If an incoming document's encryption scheme is equal to
-        EncryptionSchemes.SYMKEY, then this method will decrypt it with
-        Soledad's symmetric key.
-
-        @param data: The body of the HTTP response.
-        @type data: str
-        @param return_doc_cb: A callback to insert docs from target.
-        @type return_doc_cb: function
-        @param ensure_callback: A callback to ensure we have the correct
-            target_replica_uid, if it was just created.
-        @type ensure_callback: function
-
-        @raise BrokenSyncStream: If C{data} is malformed.
-
-        @return: A dictionary representing the first line of the response got
-            from remote replica.
-        @rtype: list of str
-        """
-        parts = data.splitlines()  # one at a time
-        if not parts or parts[0] != '[':
-            raise BrokenSyncStream
-        data = parts[1:-1]
-        comma = False
-        if data:
-            line, comma = utils.check_and_strip_comma(data[0])
-            res = json.loads(line)
-            if ensure_callback and 'replica_uid' in res:
-                ensure_callback(res['replica_uid'])
-            for entry in data[1:]:
-                if not comma:  # missing in between comma
-                    raise BrokenSyncStream
-                line, comma = utils.check_and_strip_comma(entry)
-                entry = json.loads(line)
-                #-------------------------------------------------------------
-                # symmetric decryption of document's contents
-                #-------------------------------------------------------------
-                # if arriving content was symmetrically encrypted, we decrypt
-                # it.
-                doc = LeapDocument(entry['id'], entry['rev'], entry['content'])
-                if doc.content and ENC_SCHEME_KEY in doc.content:
-                    if doc.content[ENC_SCHEME_KEY] == \
-                            EncryptionSchemes.SYMKEY:
-                        doc.set_json(decrypt_doc(self._crypto, doc))
-                #-------------------------------------------------------------
-                # end of symmetric decryption
-                #-------------------------------------------------------------
-                return_doc_cb(doc, entry['gen'], entry['trans_id'])
-        if parts[-1] != ']':
-            try:
-                partdic = json.loads(parts[-1])
-            except ValueError:
-                pass
-            else:
-                if isinstance(partdic, dict):
-                    self._error(partdic)
-            raise BrokenSyncStream
-        if not data or comma:  # no entries or bad extra comma
-            raise BrokenSyncStream
-        return res
-
-    def sync_exchange(self, docs_by_generations, source_replica_uid,
-                      last_known_generation, last_known_trans_id,
-                      return_doc_cb, ensure_callback=None):
-        """
-        Find out which documents the remote database does not know about,
-        encrypt and send them.
-
-        This does the same as the parent's method but encrypts content before
-        syncing.
-
-        @param docs_by_generations: A list of (doc_id, generation, trans_id)
-            of local documents that were changed since the last local
-            generation the remote replica knows about.
-        @type docs_by_generations: list of tuples
-        @param source_replica_uid: The uid of the source replica.
-        @type source_replica_uid: str
-        @param last_known_generation: Target's last known generation.
-        @type last_known_generation: int
-        @param last_known_trans_id: Target's last known transaction id.
-        @type last_known_trans_id: str
-        @param return_doc_cb: A callback for inserting received documents from
-            target.
-        @type return_doc_cb: function
-        @param ensure_callback: A callback that ensures we know the target
-            replica uid if the target replica was just created.
-        @type ensure_callback: function
-
-        @return: The new generation and transaction id of the target replica.
-        @rtype: tuple
-        """
-        self._ensure_connection()
-        if self._trace_hook:  # for tests
-            self._trace_hook('sync_exchange')
-        url = '%s/sync-from/%s' % (self._url.path, source_replica_uid)
-        self._conn.putrequest('POST', url)
-        self._conn.putheader('content-type', 'application/x-u1db-sync-stream')
-        for header_name, header_value in self._sign_request('POST', url, {}):
-            self._conn.putheader(header_name, header_value)
-        entries = ['[']
-        size = 1
-
-        def prepare(**dic):
-            entry = comma + '\r\n' + json.dumps(dic)
-            entries.append(entry)
-            return len(entry)
-
-        comma = ''
-        size += prepare(
-            last_known_generation=last_known_generation,
-            last_known_trans_id=last_known_trans_id,
-            ensure=ensure_callback is not None)
-        comma = ','
-        for doc, gen, trans_id in docs_by_generations:
-            # skip non-syncable docs
-            if isinstance(doc, LeapDocument) and not doc.syncable:
-                continue
-            #-------------------------------------------------------------
-            # symmetric encryption of document's contents
-            #-------------------------------------------------------------
-            doc_json = doc.get_json()
-            if not doc.is_tombstone():
-                doc_json = encrypt_doc(self._crypto, doc)
-            #-------------------------------------------------------------
-            # end of symmetric encryption
-            #-------------------------------------------------------------
-            size += prepare(id=doc.doc_id, rev=doc.rev,
-                            content=doc_json,
-                            gen=gen, trans_id=trans_id)
-        entries.append('\r\n]')
-        size += len(entries[-1])
-        self._conn.putheader('content-length', str(size))
-        self._conn.endheaders()
-        for entry in entries:
-            self._conn.send(entry)
-        entries = None
-        data, _ = self._response()
-        res = self._parse_sync_stream(data, return_doc_cb, ensure_callback)
-        data = None
-        return res['new_generation'], res['new_transaction_id']
diff --git a/src/leap/soledad/backends/objectstore.py b/src/leap/soledad/backends/objectstore.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 8afac3ec..00000000
--- a/src/leap/soledad/backends/objectstore.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,296 +0,0 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-# objectstore.py
-# Copyright (C) 2013 LEAP
-#
-# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-# (at your option) any later version.
-#
-# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-# GNU General Public License for more details.
-#
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-
-"""
-Abstract U1DB backend to handle storage using object stores (like CouchDB, for
-example).
-
-Right now, this is only used by CouchDatabase backend, but can also be
-extended to implement OpenStack or Amazon S3 storage, for example.
-
-See U1DB documentation for more information on how to use databases.
-"""
-
-from u1db.backends.inmemory import (
-    InMemoryDatabase,
-    InMemorySyncTarget,
-)
-from u1db import errors
-
-
-class ObjectStoreDatabase(InMemoryDatabase):
-    """
-    A backend for storing u1db data in an object store.
-    """
-
-    @classmethod
-    def open_database(cls, url, create, document_factory=None):
-        """
-        Open a U1DB database using an object store as backend.
-
-        @param url: the url of the database replica
-        @type url: str
-        @param create: should the replica be created if it does not exist?
-        @type create: bool
-        @param document_factory: A function that will be called with the same
-            parameters as Document.__init__.
-        @type document_factory: callable
-
-        @return: the database instance
-        @rtype: CouchDatabase
-        """
-        raise NotImplementedError(cls.open_database)
-
-    def __init__(self, replica_uid=None, document_factory=None):
-        """
-        Initialize the object store database.
-
-        @param replica_uid: an optional unique replica identifier
-        @type replica_uid: str
-        @param document_factory: A function that will be called with the same
-            parameters as Document.__init__.
-        @type document_factory: callable
-        """
-        InMemoryDatabase.__init__(
-            self,
-            replica_uid,
-            document_factory=document_factory)
-        # sync data in memory with data in object store
-        if not self._get_doc(self.U1DB_DATA_DOC_ID):
-            self._init_u1db_data()
-        self._fetch_u1db_data()
-
-    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    # methods from Database
-    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-    def _set_replica_uid(self, replica_uid):
-        """
-        Force the replica_uid to be set.
-
-        @param replica_uid: The uid of the replica.
-        @type replica_uid: str
-        """
-        InMemoryDatabase._set_replica_uid(self, replica_uid)
-        self._store_u1db_data()
-
-    def _put_doc(self, doc):
-        """
-        Update a document.
-
-        This is called everytime we just want to do a raw put on the db (i.e.
-        without index updates, document constraint checks, and conflict
-        checks).
-
-        @param doc: The document to update.
-        @type doc: u1db.Document
-
-        @return: The new revision identifier for the document.
-        @rtype: str
-        """
-        raise NotImplementedError(self._put_doc)
-
-    def _get_doc(self, doc_id):
-        """
-        Get just the document content, without fancy handling.
-
-        @param doc_id: The unique document identifier
-        @type doc_id: str
-        @param include_deleted: If set to True, deleted documents will be
-            returned with empty content. Otherwise asking for a deleted
-            document will return None.
-        @type include_deleted: bool
-
-        @return: a Document object.
-        @type: u1db.Document
-        """
-        raise NotImplementedError(self._get_doc)
-
-    def get_all_docs(self, include_deleted=False):
-        """
-        Get the JSON content for all documents in the database.
-
-        @param include_deleted: If set to True, deleted documents will be
-            returned with empty content. Otherwise deleted documents will not
-            be included in the results.
-        @type include_deleted: bool
-
-        @return: (generation, [Document])
-            The current generation of the database, followed by a list of all
-            the documents in the database.
-        @rtype: tuple
-        """
-        raise NotImplementedError(self.get_all_docs)
-
-    def delete_doc(self, doc):
-        """
-        Mark a document as deleted.
-
-        @param doc: The document to mark as deleted.
-        @type doc: u1db.Document
-
-        @return: The new revision id of the document.
-        @type: str
-        """
-        old_doc = self._get_doc(doc.doc_id, check_for_conflicts=True)
-        if old_doc is None:
-            raise errors.DocumentDoesNotExist
-        if old_doc.rev != doc.rev:
-            raise errors.RevisionConflict()
-        if old_doc.is_tombstone():
-            raise errors.DocumentAlreadyDeleted
-        if old_doc.has_conflicts:
-            raise errors.ConflictedDoc()
-        new_rev = self._allocate_doc_rev(doc.rev)
-        doc.rev = new_rev
-        doc.make_tombstone()
-        self._put_and_update_indexes(old_doc, doc)
-        return new_rev
-
-    # index-related methods
-
-    def create_index(self, index_name, *index_expressions):
-        """
-        Create a named index, which can then be queried for future lookups.
-
-        See U1DB documentation for more information.
-
-        @param index_name: A unique name which can be used as a key prefix.
-        @param index_expressions: Index expressions defining the index
-            information.
-        """
-        raise NotImplementedError(self.create_index)
-
-    def delete_index(self, index_name):
-        """
-        Remove a named index.
-
-        Here we just guarantee that the new info will be stored in the backend
-        db after update.
-
-        @param index_name: The name of the index we are removing.
-        @type index_name: str
-        """
-        InMemoryDatabase.delete_index(self, index_name)
-        self._store_u1db_data()
-
-    def _replace_conflicts(self, doc, conflicts):
-        """
-        Set new conflicts for a document.
-
-        Here we just guarantee that the new info will be stored in the backend
-        db after update.
-
-        @param doc: The document with a new set of conflicts.
-        @param conflicts: The new set of conflicts.
-        @type conflicts: list
-        """
-        InMemoryDatabase._replace_conflicts(self, doc, conflicts)
-        self._store_u1db_data()
-
-    def _do_set_replica_gen_and_trans_id(self, other_replica_uid,
-                                         other_generation,
-                                         other_transaction_id):
-        """
-        Set the last-known generation and transaction id for the other
-        database replica.
-
-        Here we just guarantee that the new info will be stored in the backend
-        db after update.
-
-        @param other_replica_uid: The U1DB identifier for the other replica.
-        @type other_replica_uid: str
-        @param other_generation: The generation number for the other replica.
-        @type other_generation: int
-        @param other_transaction_id: The transaction id associated with the
-            generation.
-        @type other_transaction_id: str
-        """
-        InMemoryDatabase._do_set_replica_gen_and_trans_id(
-            self,
-            other_replica_uid,
-            other_generation,
-            other_transaction_id)
-        self._store_u1db_data()
-
-    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    # implemented methods from CommonBackend
-    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-    def _put_and_update_indexes(self, old_doc, doc):
-        """
-        Update a document and all indexes related to it.
-
-        @param old_doc: The old version of the document.
-        @type old_doc: u1db.Document
-        @param doc: The new version of the document.
-        @type doc: u1db.Document
-        """
-        for index in self._indexes.itervalues():
-            if old_doc is not None and not old_doc.is_tombstone():
-                index.remove_json(old_doc.doc_id, old_doc.get_json())
-            if not doc.is_tombstone():
-                index.add_json(doc.doc_id, doc.get_json())
-        trans_id = self._allocate_transaction_id()
-        self._put_doc(doc)
-        self._transaction_log.append((doc.doc_id, trans_id))
-        self._store_u1db_data()
-
-    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    # methods specific for object stores
-    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-    U1DB_DATA_DOC_ID = 'u1db_data'
-
-    def _fetch_u1db_data(self):
-        """
-        Fetch u1db configuration data from backend storage.
-
-        See C{_init_u1db_data} documentation.
-        """
-        NotImplementedError(self._fetch_u1db_data)
-
-    def _store_u1db_data(self):
-        """
-        Store u1db configuration data on backend storage.
-
-        See C{_init_u1db_data} documentation.
-        """
-        NotImplementedError(self._store_u1db_data)
-
-    def _init_u1db_data(self):
-        """
-        Initialize u1db configuration data on backend storage.
-
-        A U1DB database needs to keep track of all database transactions,
-        document conflicts, the generation of other replicas it has seen,
-        indexes created by users and so on.
-
-        In this implementation, all this information is stored in a special
-        document stored in the couch db with id equals to
-        CouchDatabse.U1DB_DATA_DOC_ID.
-
-        This method initializes the document that will hold such information.
-        """
-        NotImplementedError(self._init_u1db_data)
-
-
-class ObjectStoreSyncTarget(InMemorySyncTarget):
-    """
-    Functionality for using an ObjectStore as a synchronization target.
-    """
diff --git a/src/leap/soledad/backends/sqlcipher.py b/src/leap/soledad/backends/sqlcipher.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 5825b844..00000000
--- a/src/leap/soledad/backends/sqlcipher.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,653 +0,0 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-# sqlcipher.py
-# Copyright (C) 2013 LEAP
-#
-# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-# (at your option) any later version.
-#
-# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-# GNU General Public License for more details.
-#
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-
-"""
-A U1DB backend that uses SQLCipher as its persistence layer.
-
-The SQLCipher API (http://sqlcipher.net/sqlcipher-api/) is fully implemented,
-with the exception of the following statements:
-
-  * PRAGMA cipher_use_hmac
-  * PRAGMA cipher_default_use_mac
-
-SQLCipher 2.0 introduced a per-page HMAC to validate that the page data has
-not be tampered with. By default, when creating or opening a database using
-SQLCipher 2, SQLCipher will attempt to use an HMAC check. This change in
-database format means that SQLCipher 2 can't operate on version 1.1.x
-databases by default. Thus, in order to provide backward compatibility with
-SQLCipher 1.1.x, PRAGMA cipher_use_hmac can be used to disable the HMAC
-functionality on specific databases.
-
-In some very specific cases, it is not possible to call PRAGMA cipher_use_hmac
-as one of the first operations on a database. An example of this is when
-trying to ATTACH a 1.1.x database to the main database. In these cases PRAGMA
-cipher_default_use_hmac can be used to globally alter the default use of HMAC
-when opening a database.
-
-So, as the statements above were introduced for backwards compatibility with
-SLCipher 1.1 databases, we do not implement them as all SQLCipher databases
-handled by Soledad should be created by SQLCipher >= 2.0.
-"""
-
-import os
-import time
-import string
-
-
-from u1db.backends import sqlite_backend
-from pysqlcipher import dbapi2
-from u1db import (
-    errors,
-)
-from leap.soledad.backends.leap_backend import LeapDocument
-
-
-# Monkey-patch u1db.backends.sqlite_backend with pysqlcipher.dbapi2
-sqlite_backend.dbapi2 = dbapi2
-
-
-def open(path, password, create=True, document_factory=None, crypto=None,
-         raw_key=False, cipher='aes-256-cbc', kdf_iter=4000,
-         cipher_page_size=1024):
-    """Open a database at the given location.
-
-    Will raise u1db.errors.DatabaseDoesNotExist if create=False and the
-    database does not already exist.
-
-    @param path: The filesystem path for the database to open.
-    @param type: str
-    @param create: True/False, should the database be created if it doesn't
-        already exist?
-    @param type: bool
-    @param document_factory: A function that will be called with the same
-        parameters as Document.__init__.
-    @type document_factory: callable
-    @param crypto: An instance of SoledadCrypto so we can encrypt/decrypt
-        document contents when syncing.
-    @type crypto: soledad.crypto.SoledadCrypto
-    @param raw_key: Whether C{password} is a raw 64-char hex string or a
-        passphrase that should be hashed to obtain the encyrption key.
-    @type raw_key: bool
-    @param cipher: The cipher and mode to use.
-    @type cipher: str
-    @param kdf_iter: The number of iterations to use.
-    @type kdf_iter: int
-    @param cipher_page_size: The page size.
-    @type cipher_page_size: int
-
-    @return: An instance of Database.
-    @rtype SQLCipherDatabase
-    """
-    return SQLCipherDatabase.open_database(
-        path, password, create=create, document_factory=document_factory,
-        crypto=crypto, raw_key=raw_key, cipher=cipher, kdf_iter=kdf_iter,
-        cipher_page_size=cipher_page_size)
-
-
-#
-# Exceptions
-#
-
-class DatabaseIsNotEncrypted(Exception):
-    """
-    Exception raised when trying to open non-encrypted databases.
-    """
-    pass
-
-
-class NotAnHexString(Exception):
-    """
-    Raised when trying to (raw) key the database with a non-hex string.
-    """
-    pass
-
-
-#
-# The SQLCipher database
-#
-
-class SQLCipherDatabase(sqlite_backend.SQLitePartialExpandDatabase):
-    """A U1DB implementation that uses SQLCipher as its persistence layer."""
-
-    _index_storage_value = 'expand referenced encrypted'
-
-    def __init__(self, sqlcipher_file, password, document_factory=None,
-                 crypto=None, raw_key=False, cipher='aes-256-cbc',
-                 kdf_iter=4000, cipher_page_size=1024):
-        """
-        Create a new sqlcipher file.
-
-        @param sqlcipher_file: The path for the SQLCipher file.
-        @type sqlcipher_file: str
-        @param password: The password that protects the SQLCipher db.
-        @type password: str
-        @param document_factory: A function that will be called with the same
-            parameters as Document.__init__.
-        @type document_factory: callable
-        @param crypto: An instance of SoledadCrypto so we can encrypt/decrypt
-            document contents when syncing.
-        @type crypto: soledad.crypto.SoledadCrypto
-        @param raw_key: Whether C{password} is a raw 64-char hex string or a
-            passphrase that should be hashed to obtain the encyrption key.
-        @type raw_key: bool
-        @param cipher: The cipher and mode to use.
-        @type cipher: str
-        @param kdf_iter: The number of iterations to use.
-        @type kdf_iter: int
-        @param cipher_page_size: The page size.
-        @type cipher_page_size: int
-        """
-        # ensure the db is encrypted if the file already exists
-        if os.path.exists(sqlcipher_file):
-            self.assert_db_is_encrypted(
-                sqlcipher_file, password, raw_key, cipher, kdf_iter,
-                cipher_page_size)
-        # connect to the database
-        self._db_handle = dbapi2.connect(sqlcipher_file)
-        # set SQLCipher cryptographic parameters
-        self._set_crypto_pragmas(
-            self._db_handle, password, raw_key, cipher, kdf_iter,
-            cipher_page_size)
-        self._real_replica_uid = None
-        self._ensure_schema()
-        self._crypto = crypto
-
-        def factory(doc_id=None, rev=None, json='{}', has_conflicts=False,
-                    syncable=True):
-            return LeapDocument(doc_id=doc_id, rev=rev, json=json,
-                                has_conflicts=has_conflicts,
-                                syncable=syncable)
-        self.set_document_factory(factory)
-
-    @classmethod
-    def _open_database(cls, sqlcipher_file, password, document_factory=None,
-                       crypto=None, raw_key=False, cipher='aes-256-cbc',
-                       kdf_iter=4000, cipher_page_size=1024):
-        """
-        Open a SQLCipher database.
-
-        @param sqlcipher_file: The path for the SQLCipher file.
-        @type sqlcipher_file: str
-        @param password: The password that protects the SQLCipher db.
-        @type password: str
-        @param document_factory: A function that will be called with the same
-            parameters as Document.__init__.
-        @type document_factory: callable
-        @param crypto: An instance of SoledadCrypto so we can encrypt/decrypt
-            document contents when syncing.
-        @type crypto: soledad.crypto.SoledadCrypto
-        @param raw_key: Whether C{password} is a raw 64-char hex string or a
-            passphrase that should be hashed to obtain the encyrption key.
-        @type raw_key: bool
-        @param cipher: The cipher and mode to use.
-        @type cipher: str
-        @param kdf_iter: The number of iterations to use.
-        @type kdf_iter: int
-        @param cipher_page_size: The page size.
-        @type cipher_page_size: int
-
-        @return: The database object.
-        @rtype: SQLCipherDatabase
-        """
-        if not os.path.isfile(sqlcipher_file):
-            raise errors.DatabaseDoesNotExist()
-        tries = 2
-        while True:
-            # Note: There seems to be a bug in sqlite 3.5.9 (with python2.6)
-            #       where without re-opening the database on Windows, it
-            #       doesn't see the transaction that was just committed
-            db_handle = dbapi2.connect(sqlcipher_file)
-            # set cryptographic params
-            cls._set_crypto_pragmas(
-                db_handle, password, raw_key, cipher, kdf_iter,
-                cipher_page_size)
-            c = db_handle.cursor()
-            v, err = cls._which_index_storage(c)
-            db_handle.close()
-            if v is not None:
-                break
-            # possibly another process is initializing it, wait for it to be
-            # done
-            if tries == 0:
-                raise err  # go for the richest error?
-            tries -= 1
-            time.sleep(cls.WAIT_FOR_PARALLEL_INIT_HALF_INTERVAL)
-        return SQLCipherDatabase._sqlite_registry[v](
-            sqlcipher_file, password, document_factory=document_factory,
-            crypto=crypto, raw_key=raw_key, cipher=cipher, kdf_iter=kdf_iter,
-            cipher_page_size=cipher_page_size)
-
-    @classmethod
-    def open_database(cls, sqlcipher_file, password, create, backend_cls=None,
-                      document_factory=None, crypto=None, raw_key=False,
-                      cipher='aes-256-cbc', kdf_iter=4000,
-                      cipher_page_size=1024):
-        """
-        Open a SQLCipher database.
-
-        @param sqlcipher_file: The path for the SQLCipher file.
-        @type sqlcipher_file: str
-        @param password: The password that protects the SQLCipher db.
-        @type password: str
-        @param create: Should the datbase be created if it does not already
-            exist?
-        @type: bool
-        @param backend_cls: A class to use as backend.
-        @type backend_cls: type
-        @param document_factory: A function that will be called with the same
-            parameters as Document.__init__.
-        @type document_factory: callable
-        @param crypto: An instance of SoledadCrypto so we can encrypt/decrypt
-            document contents when syncing.
-        @type crypto: soledad.crypto.SoledadCrypto
-        @param raw_key: Whether C{password} is a raw 64-char hex string or a
-            passphrase that should be hashed to obtain the encyrption key.
-        @type raw_key: bool
-        @param cipher: The cipher and mode to use.
-        @type cipher: str
-        @param kdf_iter: The number of iterations to use.
-        @type kdf_iter: int
-        @param cipher_page_size: The page size.
-        @type cipher_page_size: int
-
-        @return: The database object.
-        @rtype: SQLCipherDatabase
-        """
-        try:
-            return cls._open_database(
-                sqlcipher_file, password, document_factory=document_factory,
-                crypto=crypto, raw_key=raw_key, cipher=cipher,
-                kdf_iter=kdf_iter, cipher_page_size=cipher_page_size)
-        except errors.DatabaseDoesNotExist:
-            if not create:
-                raise
-            # TODO: remove backend class from here.
-            if backend_cls is None:
-                # default is SQLCipherPartialExpandDatabase
-                backend_cls = SQLCipherDatabase
-            return backend_cls(
-                sqlcipher_file, password, document_factory=document_factory,
-                crypto=crypto, raw_key=raw_key, cipher=cipher,
-                kdf_iter=kdf_iter, cipher_page_size=cipher_page_size)
-
-    def sync(self, url, creds=None, autocreate=True):
-        """
-        Synchronize documents with remote replica exposed at url.
-
-        @param url: The url of the target replica to sync with.
-        @type url: str
-        @param creds: optional dictionary giving credentials.
-            to authorize the operation with the server.
-        @type creds: dict
-        @param autocreate: Ask the target to create the db if non-existent.
-        @type autocreate: bool
-
-        @return: The local generation before the synchronisation was performed.
-        @rtype: int
-        """
-        from u1db.sync import Synchronizer
-        from leap.soledad.backends.leap_backend import LeapSyncTarget
-        return Synchronizer(
-            self,
-            LeapSyncTarget(url,
-                           creds=creds,
-                           crypto=self._crypto)).sync(autocreate=autocreate)
-
-    def _extra_schema_init(self, c):
-        """
-        Add any extra fields, etc to the basic table definitions.
-
-        @param c: The cursor for querying the database.
-        @type c: dbapi2.cursor
-        """
-        c.execute(
-            'ALTER TABLE document '
-            'ADD COLUMN syncable BOOL NOT NULL DEFAULT TRUE')
-
-    def _put_and_update_indexes(self, old_doc, doc):
-        """
-        Update a document and all indexes related to it.
-
-        @param old_doc: The old version of the document.
-        @type old_doc: u1db.Document
-        @param doc: The new version of the document.
-        @type doc: u1db.Document
-        """
-        sqlite_backend.SQLitePartialExpandDatabase._put_and_update_indexes(
-            self, old_doc, doc)
-        c = self._db_handle.cursor()
-        c.execute('UPDATE document SET syncable=? '
-                  'WHERE doc_id=?',
-                  (doc.syncable, doc.doc_id))
-
-    def _get_doc(self, doc_id, check_for_conflicts=False):
-        """
-        Get just the document content, without fancy handling.
-
-        @param doc_id: The unique document identifier
-        @type doc_id: str
-        @param include_deleted: If set to True, deleted documents will be
-            returned with empty content. Otherwise asking for a deleted
-            document will return None.
-        @type include_deleted: bool
-
-        @return: a Document object.
-        @type: u1db.Document
-        """
-        doc = sqlite_backend.SQLitePartialExpandDatabase._get_doc(
-            self, doc_id, check_for_conflicts)
-        if doc:
-            c = self._db_handle.cursor()
-            c.execute('SELECT syncable FROM document '
-                      'WHERE doc_id=?',
-                      (doc.doc_id,))
-            result = c.fetchone()
-            doc.syncable = bool(result[0])
-        return doc
-
-    #
-    # SQLCipher API methods
-    #
-
-    @classmethod
-    def assert_db_is_encrypted(cls, sqlcipher_file, key, raw_key, cipher,
-                               kdf_iter, cipher_page_size):
-        """
-        Assert that C{sqlcipher_file} contains an encrypted database.
-
-        When opening an existing database, PRAGMA key will not immediately
-        throw an error if the key provided is incorrect. To test that the
-        database can be successfully opened with the provided key, it is
-        necessary to perform some operation on the database (i.e. read from
-        it) and confirm it is success.
-
-        The easiest way to do this is select off the sqlite_master table,
-        which will attempt to read the first page of the database and will
-        parse the schema.
-
-        @param sqlcipher_file: The path for the SQLCipher file.
-        @type sqlcipher_file: str
-        @param key: The key that protects the SQLCipher db.
-        @type key: str
-        @param raw_key: Whether C{key} is a raw 64-char hex string or a
-            passphrase that should be hashed to obtain the encyrption key.
-        @type raw_key: bool
-        @param cipher: The cipher and mode to use.
-        @type cipher: str
-        @param kdf_iter: The number of iterations to use.
-        @type kdf_iter: int
-        @param cipher_page_size: The page size.
-        @type cipher_page_size: int
-        """
-        try:
-            # try to open an encrypted database with the regular u1db
-            # backend should raise a DatabaseError exception.
-            sqlite_backend.SQLitePartialExpandDatabase(sqlcipher_file)
-            raise DatabaseIsNotEncrypted()
-        except dbapi2.DatabaseError:
-            # assert that we can access it using SQLCipher with the given
-            # key
-            db_handle = dbapi2.connect(sqlcipher_file)
-            cls._set_crypto_pragmas(
-                db_handle, key, raw_key, cipher, kdf_iter, cipher_page_size)
-            db_handle.cursor().execute('SELECT count(*) FROM sqlite_master')
-
-    @classmethod
-    def _set_crypto_pragmas(cls, db_handle, key, raw_key, cipher, kdf_iter,
-                            cipher_page_size):
-        """
-        Set cryptographic params (key, cipher, KDF number of iterations and
-        cipher page size).
-        """
-        cls._pragma_key(db_handle, key, raw_key)
-        cls._pragma_cipher(db_handle, cipher)
-        cls._pragma_kdf_iter(db_handle, kdf_iter)
-        cls._pragma_cipher_page_size(db_handle, cipher_page_size)
-
-    @classmethod
-    def _pragma_key(cls, db_handle, key, raw_key):
-        """
-        Set the C{key} for use with the database.
-
-        The process of creating a new, encrypted database is called 'keying'
-        the database. SQLCipher uses just-in-time key derivation at the point
-        it is first needed for an operation. This means that the key (and any
-        options) must be set before the first operation on the database. As
-        soon as the database is touched (e.g. SELECT, CREATE TABLE, UPDATE,
-        etc.) and pages need to be read or written, the key is prepared for
-        use.
-
-        Implementation Notes:
-
-        * PRAGMA key should generally be called as the first operation on a
-          database.
-
-        @param key: The key for use with the database.
-        @type key: str
-        @param raw_key: Whether C{key} is a raw 64-char hex string or a
-            passphrase that should be hashed to obtain the encyrption key.
-        @type raw_key: bool
-        """
-        if raw_key:
-            cls._pragma_key_raw(db_handle, key)
-        else:
-            cls._pragma_key_passphrase(db_handle, key)
-
-    @classmethod
-    def _pragma_key_passphrase(cls, db_handle, passphrase):
-        """
-        Set a passphrase for encryption key derivation.
-
-        The key itself can be a passphrase, which is converted to a key using
-        PBKDF2 key derivation. The result is used as the encryption key for
-        the database. By using this method, there is no way to alter the KDF;
-        if you want to do so you should use a raw key instead and derive the
-        key using your own KDF.
-
-        @param db_handle: A handle to the SQLCipher database.
-        @type db_handle: pysqlcipher.Connection
-        @param passphrase: The passphrase used to derive the encryption key.
-        @type passphrase: str
-        """
-        db_handle.cursor().execute("PRAGMA key = '%s'" % passphrase)
-
-    @classmethod
-    def _pragma_key_raw(cls, db_handle, key):
-        """
-        Set a raw hexadecimal encryption key.
-
-        It is possible to specify an exact byte sequence using a blob literal.
-        With this method, it is the calling application's responsibility to
-        ensure that the data provided is a 64 character hex string, which will
-        be converted directly to 32 bytes (256 bits) of key data.
-
-        @param db_handle: A handle to the SQLCipher database.
-        @type db_handle: pysqlcipher.Connection
-        @param key: A 64 character hex string.
-        @type key: str
-        """
-        if not all(c in string.hexdigits for c in key):
-            raise NotAnHexString(key)
-        db_handle.cursor().execute('PRAGMA key = "x\'%s"' % passphrase)
-
-    @classmethod
-    def _pragma_cipher(cls, db_handle, cipher='aes-256-cbc'):
-        """
-        Set the cipher and mode to use for symmetric encryption.
-
-        SQLCipher uses aes-256-cbc as the default cipher and mode of
-        operation. It is possible to change this, though not generally
-        recommended, using PRAGMA cipher.
-
-        SQLCipher makes direct use of libssl, so all cipher options available
-        to libssl are also available for use with SQLCipher. See `man enc` for
-        OpenSSL's supported ciphers.
-
-        Implementation Notes:
-
-        * PRAGMA cipher must be called after PRAGMA key and before the first
-          actual database operation or it will have no effect.
-
-        * If a non-default value is used PRAGMA cipher to create a database,
-          it must also be called every time that database is opened.
-
-        * SQLCipher does not implement its own encryption. Instead it uses the
-          widely available and peer-reviewed OpenSSL libcrypto for all
-          cryptographic functions.
-
-        @param db_handle: A handle to the SQLCipher database.
-        @type db_handle: pysqlcipher.Connection
-        @param cipher: The cipher and mode to use.
-        @type cipher: str
-        """
-        db_handle.cursor().execute("PRAGMA cipher = '%s'" % cipher)
-
-    @classmethod
-    def _pragma_kdf_iter(cls, db_handle, kdf_iter=4000):
-        """
-        Set the number of iterations for the key derivation function.
-
-        SQLCipher uses PBKDF2 key derivation to strengthen the key and make it
-        resistent to brute force and dictionary attacks. The default
-        configuration uses 4000 PBKDF2 iterations (effectively 16,000 SHA1
-        operations). PRAGMA kdf_iter can be used to increase or decrease the
-        number of iterations used.
-
-        Implementation Notes:
-
-        * PRAGMA kdf_iter must be called after PRAGMA key and before the first
-          actual database operation or it will have no effect.
-
-        * If a non-default value is used PRAGMA kdf_iter to create a database,
-          it must also be called every time that database is opened.
-
-        * It is not recommended to reduce the number of iterations if a
-          passphrase is in use.
-
-        @param db_handle: A handle to the SQLCipher database.
-        @type db_handle: pysqlcipher.Connection
-        @param kdf_iter: The number of iterations to use.
-        @type kdf_iter: int
-        """
-        db_handle.cursor().execute("PRAGMA kdf_iter = '%d'" % kdf_iter)
-
-    @classmethod
-    def _pragma_cipher_page_size(cls, db_handle, cipher_page_size=1024):
-        """
-        Set the page size of the encrypted database.
-
-        SQLCipher 2 introduced the new PRAGMA cipher_page_size that can be
-        used to adjust the page size for the encrypted database. The default
-        page size is 1024 bytes, but it can be desirable for some applications
-        to use a larger page size for increased performance. For instance,
-        some recent testing shows that increasing the page size can noticeably
-        improve performance (5-30%) for certain queries that manipulate a
-        large number of pages (e.g. selects without an index, large inserts in
-        a transaction, big deletes).
-
-        To adjust the page size, call the pragma immediately after setting the
-        key for the first time and each subsequent time that you open the
-        database.
-
-        Implementation Notes:
-
-        * PRAGMA cipher_page_size must be called after PRAGMA key and before
-          the first actual database operation or it will have no effect.
-
-        * If a non-default value is used PRAGMA cipher_page_size to create a
-          database, it must also be called every time that database is opened.
-
-        @param db_handle: A handle to the SQLCipher database.
-        @type db_handle: pysqlcipher.Connection
-        @param cipher_page_size: The page size.
-        @type cipher_page_size: int
-        """
-        db_handle.cursor().execute(
-            "PRAGMA cipher_page_size = '%d'" % cipher_page_size)
-
-    @classmethod
-    def _pragma_rekey(cls, db_handle, new_key, raw_key):
-        """
-        Change the key of an existing encrypted database.
-
-        To change the key on an existing encrypted database, it must first be
-        unlocked with the current encryption key. Once the database is
-        readable and writeable, PRAGMA rekey can be used to re-encrypt every
-        page in the database with a new key.
-
-        * PRAGMA rekey must be called after PRAGMA key. It can be called at any
-          time once the database is readable.
-
-        * PRAGMA rekey can not be used to encrypted a standard SQLite
-          database! It is only useful for changing the key on an existing
-          database.
-
-        * Previous versions of SQLCipher provided a PRAGMA rekey_cipher and
-          code>PRAGMA rekey_kdf_iter. These are deprecated and should not be
-          used. Instead, use sqlcipher_export().
-
-        @param db_handle: A handle to the SQLCipher database.
-        @type db_handle: pysqlcipher.Connection
-        @param new_key: The new key.
-        @type new_key: str
-        @param raw_key: Whether C{password} is a raw 64-char hex string or a
-            passphrase that should be hashed to obtain the encyrption key.
-        @type raw_key: bool
-        """
-        if raw_key:
-            cls._pragma_rekey_raw(db_handle, key)
-        else:
-            cls._pragma_rekey_passphrase(db_handle, key)
-
-    @classmethod
-    def _pragma_rekey_passphrase(cls, db_handle, passphrase):
-        """
-        Change the passphrase for encryption key derivation.
-
-        The key itself can be a passphrase, which is converted to a key using
-        PBKDF2 key derivation. The result is used as the encryption key for
-        the database.
-
-        @param db_handle: A handle to the SQLCipher database.
-        @type db_handle: pysqlcipher.Connection
-        @param passphrase: The passphrase used to derive the encryption key.
-        @type passphrase: str
-        """
-        db_handle.cursor().execute("PRAGMA rekey = '%s'" % passphrase)
-
-    @classmethod
-    def _pragma_rekey_raw(cls, db_handle, key):
-        """
-        Change the raw hexadecimal encryption key.
-
-        It is possible to specify an exact byte sequence using a blob literal.
-        With this method, it is the calling application's responsibility to
-        ensure that the data provided is a 64 character hex string, which will
-        be converted directly to 32 bytes (256 bits) of key data.
-
-        @param db_handle: A handle to the SQLCipher database.
-        @type db_handle: pysqlcipher.Connection
-        @param key: A 64 character hex string.
-        @type key: str
-        """
-        if not all(c in string.hexdigits for c in key):
-            raise NotAnHexString(key)
-        db_handle.cursor().execute('PRAGMA rekey = "x\'%s"' % passphrase)
-
-
-sqlite_backend.SQLiteDatabase.register_implementation(SQLCipherDatabase)
diff --git a/src/leap/soledad/crypto.py b/src/leap/soledad/crypto.py
deleted file mode 100644
index e020eee6..00000000
--- a/src/leap/soledad/crypto.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,153 +0,0 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-# crypto.py
-# Copyright (C) 2013 LEAP
-#
-# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-# (at your option) any later version.
-#
-# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-# GNU General Public License for more details.
-#
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-
-"""
-Cryptographic utilities for Soledad.
-"""
-
-
-import hmac
-import hashlib
-
-
-from leap.common import crypto
-
-
-class NoSymmetricSecret(Exception):
-    """
-    Raised when trying to get a hashed passphrase.
-    """
-
-
-class SoledadCrypto(object):
-    """
-    General cryptographic functionality.
-    """
-
-    MAC_KEY_LENGTH = 64
-
-    def __init__(self, soledad):
-        """
-        Initialize the crypto object.
-
-        @param soledad: A Soledad instance for key lookup.
-        @type soledad: leap.soledad.Soledad
-        """
-        self._soledad = soledad
-
-    def encrypt_sym(self, data, key,
-                    method=crypto.EncryptionMethods.AES_256_CTR):
-        """
-        Encrypt C{data} using a {password}.
-
-        Currently, the only  encryption method supported is AES-256 CTR mode.
-
-        @param data: The data to be encrypted.
-        @type data: str
-        @param key: The key used to encrypt C{data} (must be 256 bits long).
-        @type key: str
-        @param method: The encryption method to use.
-        @type method: str
-
-        @return: A tuple with the initial value and the encrypted data.
-        @rtype: (long, str)
-        """
-        return crypto.encrypt_sym(data, key, method)
-
-    def decrypt_sym(self, data, key,
-                    method=crypto.EncryptionMethods.AES_256_CTR, **kwargs):
-        """
-        Decrypt data using symmetric secret.
-
-        Currently, the only encryption method supported is AES-256 CTR mode.
-
-        @param data: The data to be decrypted.
-        @type data: str
-        @param key: The key used to decrypt C{data} (must be 256 bits long).
-        @type key: str
-        @param method: The encryption method to use.
-        @type method: str
-        @param kwargs: Other parameters specific to each encryption method.
-        @type kwargs: dict
-
-        @return: The decrypted data.
-        @rtype: str
-        """
-        return crypto.decrypt_sym(data, key, method, **kwargs)
-
-    def doc_passphrase(self, doc_id):
-        """
-        Generate a passphrase for symmetric encryption of document's contents.
-
-        The password is derived using HMAC having sha256 as underlying hash
-        function. The key used for HMAC are the first
-        C{soledad.REMOTE_STORAGE_SECRET_KENGTH} bytes of Soledad's storage
-        secret stripped from the first MAC_KEY_LENGTH characters. The HMAC
-        message is C{doc_id}.
-
-        @param doc_id: The id of the document that will be encrypted using
-            this passphrase.
-        @type doc_id: str
-
-        @return: The passphrase.
-        @rtype: str
-
-        @raise NoSymmetricSecret: if no symmetric secret was supplied.
-        """
-        if self.secret is None:
-            raise NoSymmetricSecret()
-        return hmac.new(
-            self.secret[
-                self.MAC_KEY_LENGTH:
-                self._soledad.REMOTE_STORAGE_SECRET_LENGTH],
-            doc_id,
-            hashlib.sha256).digest()
-
-    def doc_mac_key(self, doc_id):
-        """
-        Generate a key for calculating a MAC for a document whose id is
-        C{doc_id}.
-
-        The key is derived using HMAC having sha256 as underlying hash
-        function. The key used for HMAC is the first MAC_KEY_LENGTH characters
-        of Soledad's storage secret. The HMAC message is C{doc_id}.
-
-        @param doc_id: The id of the document.
-        @type doc_id: str
-
-        @return: The key.
-        @rtype: str
-
-        @raise NoSymmetricSecret: if no symmetric secret was supplied.
-        """
-        if self.secret is None:
-            raise NoSymmetricSecret()
-        return hmac.new(
-            self.secret[:self.MAC_KEY_LENGTH],
-            doc_id,
-            hashlib.sha256).digest()
-
-    #
-    # secret setters/getters
-    #
-
-    def _get_secret(self):
-        return self._soledad.storage_secret
-
-    secret = property(
-        _get_secret, doc='The secret used for symmetric encryption')
diff --git a/src/leap/soledad/server.py b/src/leap/soledad/server.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 9c9e0ad7..00000000
--- a/src/leap/soledad/server.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,388 +0,0 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-# server.py
-# Copyright (C) 2013 LEAP
-#
-# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-# (at your option) any later version.
-#
-# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-# GNU General Public License for more details.
-#
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-
-"""
-A U1DB server that stores data using CouchDB as its persistence layer.
-
-This should be run with:
-    twistd -n web --wsgi=leap.soledad.server.application --port=2424
-"""
-
-import configparser
-import httplib
-import simplejson as json
-
-
-from hashlib import sha256
-from routes.mapper import Mapper
-from u1db import DBNAME_CONSTRAINTS
-from u1db.remote import http_app
-
-
-# Keep OpenSSL's tsafe before importing Twisted submodules so we can put
-# it back if Twisted==12.0.0 messes with it.
-from OpenSSL import tsafe
-old_tsafe = tsafe
-
-from twisted.web.wsgi import WSGIResource
-from twisted.internet import reactor
-from twisted.python import log
-
-from twisted import version
-if version.base() == "12.0.0":
-    # Put OpenSSL's tsafe back into place. This can probably be removed if we
-    # come to use Twisted>=12.3.0.
-    import sys
-    sys.modules['OpenSSL.tsafe'] = old_tsafe
-
-from couchdb.client import Server
-
-from leap.soledad import SECRETS_DOC_ID_HASH_PREFIX
-from leap.soledad.backends.couch import CouchServerState
-
-
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Authentication
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-class Unauthorized(Exception):
-    """
-    User authentication failed.
-    """
-
-
-class URLToAuth(object):
-    """
-    Verify if actions can be performed by a user.
-    """
-
-    HTTP_METHOD_GET = 'GET'
-    HTTP_METHOD_PUT = 'PUT'
-    HTTP_METHOD_DELETE = 'DELETE'
-    HTTP_METHOD_POST = 'POST'
-
-    def __init__(self, uuid):
-        """
-        Initialize the mapper.
-
-        The C{uuid} is used to create the rules that will either allow or
-        disallow the user to perform specific actions.
-
-        @param uuid: The user uuid.
-        @type uuid: str
-        """
-        self._map = Mapper(controller_scan=None)
-        self._register_auth_info(self._uuid_dbname(uuid))
-
-    def is_authorized(self, environ):
-        """
-        Return whether an HTTP request that produced the CGI C{environ}
-        corresponds to an authorized action.
-
-        @param environ: Dictionary containing CGI variables.
-        @type environ: dict
-
-        @return: Whether the action is authorized or not.
-        @rtype: bool
-        """
-        return self._map.match(environ=environ) is not None
-
-    def _register(self, pattern, http_methods):
-        """
-        Register a C{pattern} in the mapper as valid for C{http_methods}.
-
-        @param pattern: The URL pattern that corresponds to the user action.
-        @type pattern: str
-        @param http_methods: A list of authorized HTTP methods.
-        @type http_methods: list of str
-        """
-        self._map.connect(
-            None, pattern, http_methods=http_methods,
-            conditions=dict(method=http_methods),
-            requirements={'dbname': DBNAME_CONSTRAINTS})
-
-    def _uuid_dbname(self, uuid):
-        """
-        Return the database name corresponding to C{uuid}.
-
-        @param uuid: The user uid.
-        @type uuid: str
-
-        @return: The database name corresponding to C{uuid}.
-        @rtype: str
-        """
-        return sha256('%s%s' % (SECRETS_DOC_ID_HASH_PREFIX, uuid)).hexdigest()
-
-    def _register_auth_info(self, dbname):
-        """
-        Register the authorization info in the mapper using C{dbname} as the
-        user's database name.
-
-        This method sets up the following authorization rules:
-
-            URL path                      | Authorized actions
-            --------------------------------------------------
-            /                             | GET
-            /shared-db                    | GET
-            /shared-db/docs               | -
-            /shared-db/doc/{id}           | GET, PUT, DELETE
-            /shared-db/sync-from/{source} | -
-            /user-db                      | GET, PUT, DELETE
-            /user-db/docs                 | -
-            /user-db/doc/{id}             | -
-            /user-db/sync-from/{source}   | GET, PUT, POST
-
-        @param dbname: The name of the user's database.
-        @type dbname: str
-        """
-        # auth info for global resource
-        self._register('/', [self.HTTP_METHOD_GET])
-        # auth info for shared-db database resource
-        self._register(
-            '/%s' % SoledadApp.SHARED_DB_NAME,
-            [self.HTTP_METHOD_GET])
-        # auth info for shared-db doc resource
-        self._register(
-            '/%s/doc/{id:.*}' % SoledadApp.SHARED_DB_NAME,
-            [self.HTTP_METHOD_GET, self.HTTP_METHOD_PUT,
-             self.HTTP_METHOD_DELETE])
-        # auth info for user-db database resource
-        self._register(
-            '/%s' % dbname,
-            [self.HTTP_METHOD_GET, self.HTTP_METHOD_PUT,
-             self.HTTP_METHOD_DELETE])
-        # auth info for user-db sync resource
-        self._register(
-            '/%s/sync-from/{source_replica_uid}' % dbname,
-            [self.HTTP_METHOD_GET, self.HTTP_METHOD_PUT,
-             self.HTTP_METHOD_POST])
-        # generate the regular expressions
-        self._map.create_regs()
-
-
-class SoledadAuthMiddleware(object):
-    """
-    Soledad Authentication WSGI middleware.
-
-    In general, databases are accessed using a token provided by the LEAP API.
-    Some special databases can be read without authentication.
-    """
-
-    TOKENS_DB = "tokens"
-    TOKENS_TYPE_KEY = "type"
-    TOKENS_TYPE_DEF = "Token"
-    TOKENS_USER_ID_KEY = "user_id"
-
-    HTTP_AUTH_KEY = "HTTP_AUTHORIZATION"
-    PATH_INFO_KEY = "PATH_INFO"
-
-    CONTENT_TYPE_JSON = ('content-type', 'application/json')
-
-    def __init__(self, app):
-        """
-        Initialize the Soledad Authentication Middleware.
-
-        @param app: The application to run on successfull authentication.
-        @type app: u1db.remote.http_app.HTTPApp
-        @param prefix: Auth app path prefix.
-        @type prefix: str
-        """
-        self._app = app
-
-    def _error(self, start_response, status, description, message=None):
-        """
-        Send a JSON serialized error to WSGI client.
-
-        @param start_response: Callable of the form start_response(status,
-            response_headers, exc_info=None).
-        @type start_response: callable
-        @param status: Status string of the form "999 Message here"
-        @type status: str
-        @param response_headers: A list of (header_name, header_value) tuples
-            describing the HTTP response header.
-        @type response_headers: list
-        @param description: The error description.
-        @type description: str
-        @param message: The error message.
-        @type message: str
-
-        @return: List with JSON serialized error message.
-        @rtype list
-        """
-        start_response("%d %s" % (status, httplib.responses[status]),
-                       [self.CONTENT_TYPE_JSON])
-        err = {"error": description}
-        if message:
-            err['message'] = message
-        return [json.dumps(err)]
-
-    def __call__(self, environ, start_response):
-        """
-        Handle a WSGI call to the authentication application.
-
-        @param environ: Dictionary containing CGI variables.
-        @type environ: dict
-        @param start_response: Callable of the form start_response(status,
-            response_headers, exc_info=None).
-        @type start_response: callable
-
-        @return: Target application results if authentication succeeds, an
-        error message otherwise.
-        @rtype: list
-        """
-        unauth_err = lambda msg: self._error(start_response,
-                                             401,
-                                             "unauthorized",
-                                             msg)
-
-        auth = environ.get(self.HTTP_AUTH_KEY)
-        if not auth:
-            return unauth_err("Missing Token Authentication.")
-
-        scheme, encoded = auth.split(None, 1)
-        if scheme.lower() != 'token':
-            return unauth_err("Missing Token Authentication")
-
-        uuid, token = encoded.decode('base64').split(':', 1)
-        if not self.verify_token(environ, uuid, token):
-            return unauth_err("Incorrect address or token.")
-
-        if not self.verify_action(uuid, environ):
-            return unauth_err("Unauthorized action.")
-
-        del environ[self.HTTP_AUTH_KEY]
-
-        return self._app(environ, start_response)
-
-    def verify_token(self, environ, uuid, token):
-        """
-        Verify if token is valid for authenticating this request.
-
-        @param environ: Dictionary containing CGI variables.
-        @type environ: dict
-        @param uuid: The user's uuid.
-        @type uuid: str
-        @param token: The authentication token.
-        @type token: str
-
-        @return: Whether the token is valid for authenticating the request.
-        @rtype: bool
-        """
-
-        server = Server(url=self._app.state.couch_url)
-        try:
-            dbname = self.TOKENS_DB
-            db = server[dbname]
-            token = db.get(token)
-            if token is None:
-                return False
-            return token[self.TOKENS_TYPE_KEY] == self.TOKENS_TYPE_DEF and \
-                token[self.TOKENS_USER_ID_KEY] == uuid
-        except Exception as e:
-            log.err(e)
-            return False
-        return True
-
-    def verify_action(self, uuid, environ):
-        """
-        Verify if the user is authorized to perform the requested action over
-        the requested database.
-
-        @param uuid: The user's uuid.
-        @type uuid: str
-        @param environ: Dictionary containing CGI variables.
-        @type environ: dict
-
-        @return: Whether the user is authorize to perform the requested action
-            over the requested db.
-        @rtype: bool
-        """
-        return URLToAuth(uuid).is_authorized(environ)
-
-
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Soledad WSGI application
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-class SoledadApp(http_app.HTTPApp):
-    """
-    Soledad WSGI application
-    """
-
-    SHARED_DB_NAME = 'shared'
-    """
-    The name of the shared database that holds user's encrypted secrets.
-    """
-
-    def __call__(self, environ, start_response):
-        """
-        Handle a WSGI call to the Soledad application.
-
-        @param environ: Dictionary containing CGI variables.
-        @type environ: dict
-        @param start_response: Callable of the form start_response(status,
-            response_headers, exc_info=None).
-        @type start_response: callable
-
-        @return: HTTP application results.
-        @rtype: list
-        """
-        # ensure the shared database exists
-        self.state.ensure_database(self.SHARED_DB_NAME)
-        return http_app.HTTPApp.__call__(self, environ, start_response)
-
-
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Auxiliary functions
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-def load_configuration(file_path):
-    """
-    Load server configuration from file.
-
-    @param file_path: The path to the configuration file.
-    @type file_path: str
-
-    @return: A dictionary with the configuration.
-    @rtype: dict
-    """
-    conf = {
-        'couch_url': 'http://localhost:5984',
-    }
-    config = configparser.ConfigParser()
-    config.read(file_path)
-    if 'soledad-server' in config:
-        for key in conf:
-            if key in config['soledad-server']:
-                conf[key] = config['soledad-server'][key]
-    # TODO: implement basic parsing/sanitization of options comming from
-    # config file.
-    return conf
-
-
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Run as Twisted WSGI Resource
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-conf = load_configuration('/etc/leap/soledad-server.conf')
-state = CouchServerState(conf['couch_url'])
-
-# WSGI application that may be used by `twistd -web`
-application = SoledadAuthMiddleware(SoledadApp(state))
-
-resource = WSGIResource(reactor, reactor.getThreadPool(), application)
diff --git a/src/leap/soledad/shared_db.py b/src/leap/soledad/shared_db.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 33c5c484..00000000
--- a/src/leap/soledad/shared_db.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,138 +0,0 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-# shared_db.py
-# Copyright (C) 2013 LEAP
-#
-# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-# (at your option) any later version.
-#
-# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-# GNU General Public License for more details.
-#
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-
-"""
-A shared database for storing/retrieving encrypted key material.
-"""
-
-import simplejson as json
-
-
-from u1db.remote import http_database
-
-
-from leap.soledad.auth import TokenBasedAuth
-
-
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Soledad shared database
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-class NoTokenForAuth(Exception):
-    """
-    No token was found for token-based authentication.
-    """
-
-
-class Unauthorized(Exception):
-    """
-    User does not have authorization to perform task.
-    """
-
-
-class SoledadSharedDatabase(http_database.HTTPDatabase, TokenBasedAuth):
-    """
-    This is a shared recovery database that enables users to store their
-    encryption secrets in the server and retrieve them afterwards.
-    """
-    # TODO: prevent client from messing with the shared DB.
-    # TODO: define and document API.
-
-    #
-    # Token auth methods.
-    #
-
-    def set_token_credentials(self, uuid, token):
-        """
-        Store given credentials so we can sign the request later.
-
-        @param uuid: The user's uuid.
-        @type uuid: str
-        @param token: The authentication token.
-        @type token: str
-        """
-        TokenBasedAuth.set_token_credentials(self, uuid, token)
-
-    def _sign_request(self, method, url_query, params):
-        """
-        Return an authorization header to be included in the HTTP request.
-
-        @param method: The HTTP method.
-        @type method: str
-        @param url_query: The URL query string.
-        @type url_query: str
-        @param params: A list with encoded query parameters.
-        @type param: list
-
-        @return: The Authorization header.
-        @rtype: list of tuple
-        """
-        return TokenBasedAuth._sign_request(self, method, url_query, params)
-
-    #
-    # Modified HTTPDatabase methods.
-    #
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def open_database(url, create, creds=None):
-        # TODO: users should not be able to create the shared database, so we
-        # have to remove this from here in the future.
-        """
-        Open a Soledad shared database.
-
-        @param url: URL of the remote database.
-        @type url: str
-        @param create: Should the database be created if it does not already
-            exist?
-        @type create: bool
-        @param token: An authentication token for accessing the shared db.
-        @type token: str
-
-        @return: The shared database in the given url.
-        @rtype: SoledadSharedDatabase
-        """
-        db = SoledadSharedDatabase(url, creds=creds)
-        db.open(create)
-        return db
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def delete_database(url):
-        """
-        Dummy method that prevents from deleting shared database.
-
-        @raise: This will always raise an Unauthorized exception.
-
-        @param url: The database URL.
-        @type url: str
-        """
-        raise Unauthorized("Can't delete shared database.")
-
-    def __init__(self, url, document_factory=None, creds=None):
-        """
-        Initialize database with auth token and encryption powers.
-
-        @param url: URL of the remote database.
-        @type url: str
-        @param document_factory: A factory for U1BD documents.
-        @type document_factory: u1db.Document
-        @param creds: A tuple containing the authentication method and
-            credentials.
-        @type creds: tuple
-        """
-        http_database.HTTPDatabase.__init__(self, url, document_factory,
-                                            creds)
diff --git a/src/leap/soledad/tests/__init__.py b/src/leap/soledad/tests/__init__.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 9fec5530..00000000
--- a/src/leap/soledad/tests/__init__.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,267 +0,0 @@
-"""
-Tests to make sure Soledad provides U1DB functionality and more.
-"""
-
-import os
-import u1db
-from mock import Mock
-
-
-from leap.soledad import Soledad
-from leap.soledad.crypto import SoledadCrypto
-from leap.soledad.backends.leap_backend import (
-    LeapDocument,
-    decrypt_doc,
-    ENC_SCHEME_KEY,
-)
-from leap.common.testing.basetest import BaseLeapTest
-
-
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Some tests inherit from BaseSoledadTest in order to have a working Soledad
-# instance in each test.
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-ADDRESS = 'leap@leap.se'
-
-
-class BaseSoledadTest(BaseLeapTest):
-    """
-    Instantiates Soledad for usage in tests.
-    """
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        # config info
-        self.db1_file = os.path.join(self.tempdir, "db1.u1db")
-        self.db2_file = os.path.join(self.tempdir, "db2.u1db")
-        self.email = ADDRESS
-        # open test dbs
-        self._db1 = u1db.open(self.db1_file, create=True,
-                              document_factory=LeapDocument)
-        self._db2 = u1db.open(self.db2_file, create=True,
-                              document_factory=LeapDocument)
-        # initialize soledad by hand so we can control keys
-        self._soledad = self._soledad_instance(user=self.email)
-
-    def tearDown(self):
-        self._db1.close()
-        self._db2.close()
-        for f in [self._soledad._local_db_path, self._soledad._secrets_path]:
-            if os.path.isfile(f):
-                os.unlink(f)
-        self._soledad.close()
-
-    def _soledad_instance(self, user=ADDRESS, passphrase='123',
-                          prefix='',
-                          secrets_path=Soledad.STORAGE_SECRETS_FILE_NAME,
-                          local_db_path='soledad.u1db', server_url='',
-                          cert_file=None, secret_id=None):
-
-        def _put_doc_side_effect(doc):
-            self._doc_put = doc
-
-        class MockSharedDB(object):
-
-            get_doc = Mock(return_value=None)
-            put_doc = Mock(side_effect=_put_doc_side_effect)
-
-            def __call__(self):
-                return self
-
-        Soledad._shared_db = MockSharedDB()
-        return Soledad(
-            user,
-            passphrase,
-            secrets_path=os.path.join(self.tempdir, prefix, secrets_path),
-            local_db_path=os.path.join(
-                self.tempdir, prefix, local_db_path),
-            server_url=server_url,  # Soledad will fail if not given an url.
-            cert_file=cert_file,
-            secret_id=secret_id)
-
-    def assertGetEncryptedDoc(
-            self, db, doc_id, doc_rev, content, has_conflicts):
-        """
-        Assert that the document in the database looks correct.
-        """
-        exp_doc = self.make_document(doc_id, doc_rev, content,
-                                     has_conflicts=has_conflicts)
-        doc = db.get_doc(doc_id)
-        if ENC_SCHEME_KEY in doc.content:
-            doc.set_json(decrypt_doc(self._soledad._crypto, doc))
-        self.assertEqual(exp_doc.doc_id, doc.doc_id)
-        self.assertEqual(exp_doc.rev, doc.rev)
-        self.assertEqual(exp_doc.has_conflicts, doc.has_conflicts)
-        self.assertEqual(exp_doc.content, doc.content)
-
-
-# Key material for testing
-KEY_FINGERPRINT = "E36E738D69173C13D709E44F2F455E2824D18DDF"
-PUBLIC_KEY = """
------BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
-Version: GnuPG v1.4.10 (GNU/Linux)
-
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-=MuOY
------END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
-"""
-PRIVATE_KEY = """
------BEGIN PGP PRIVATE KEY BLOCK-----
-Version: GnuPG v1.4.10 (GNU/Linux)
-
-lQcYBFC9+dkBEADNRfwV23TWEoGc/x0wWH1P7PlXt8MnC2Z1kKaKKmfnglVrpOiz
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-GgFJjKjQC1peeQ9fj62Y7xfwE9+PXbkiWO5u/Bk8hb1VZH1SoIRU98NHVcp6BVvp
-VK0jLAXuSauSczULmpRjbyt1lhaAqivDTWEEZXiNNbRyp17c3nVdPWOcgBr42hdQ
-z25CgZgyLCsvu82wuXLKJblrIPJX3Yf+si6KqEWBsmwdOWybsjygaF5HvzgFqAAD
-U0goPWoQ71PorP2XOUNp5ZLkBQp5etvtkksjVNMIhnHn8PGMuoxO39EUGlWj2B5l
-Cu8tSosAzB1pS8NcLZzoNoI9dOHrmgJmP+GrOUkcf5GhNZbMoj4GNfGBRYX0SZlQ
-GuDrwNKYj73C4MWyNnnUFyq8nDHJ/G1NpaF2hiof9RBL4PUU/f92JkceXPBXA8gL
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-RZXoH+FTg9UAW87eqU610npOkT6cRaBxaMK/mDtGNdc=
-=JTFu
------END PGP PRIVATE KEY BLOCK-----
-"""
-
-__all__ = [
-    'test_couch',
-    'test_encrypted',
-    'test_leap_backend',
-    'test_sqlcipher',
-    'u1db_tests',
-]
diff --git a/src/leap/soledad/tests/couchdb.ini.template b/src/leap/soledad/tests/couchdb.ini.template
deleted file mode 100644
index 7d0316f0..00000000
--- a/src/leap/soledad/tests/couchdb.ini.template
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,222 +0,0 @@
-; etc/couchdb/default.ini.tpl.  Generated from default.ini.tpl.in by configure.
-
-; Upgrading CouchDB will overwrite this file.
-
-[couchdb]
-database_dir = %(tempdir)s/lib
-view_index_dir = %(tempdir)s/lib
-max_document_size = 4294967296 ; 4 GB
-os_process_timeout = 5000 ; 5 seconds. for view and external servers.
-max_dbs_open = 100
-delayed_commits = true ; set this to false to ensure an fsync before 201 Created is returned
-uri_file = %(tempdir)s/lib/couch.uri
-file_compression = snappy
-
-[database_compaction]
-; larger buffer sizes can originate smaller files
-doc_buffer_size = 524288 ; value in bytes
-checkpoint_after = 5242880 ; checkpoint after every N bytes were written
-
-[view_compaction]
-; larger buffer sizes can originate smaller files
-keyvalue_buffer_size = 2097152 ; value in bytes
-
-[httpd]
-port = 0
-bind_address = 127.0.0.1
-authentication_handlers = {couch_httpd_oauth, oauth_authentication_handler}, {couch_httpd_auth, cookie_authentication_handler}, {couch_httpd_auth, default_authentication_handler}
-default_handler = {couch_httpd_db, handle_request}
-secure_rewrites = true
-vhost_global_handlers = _utils, _uuids, _session, _oauth, _users
-allow_jsonp = false
-; Options for the MochiWeb HTTP server.
-;server_options = [{backlog, 128}, {acceptor_pool_size, 16}]
-; For more socket options, consult Erlang's module 'inet' man page.
-;socket_options = [{recbuf, 262144}, {sndbuf, 262144}, {nodelay, true}]
-log_max_chunk_size = 1000000
-
-[log]
-file = %(tempdir)s/log/couch.log
-level = info
-include_sasl = true
-
-[couch_httpd_auth]
-authentication_db = _users
-authentication_redirect = /_utils/session.html
-require_valid_user = false
-timeout = 600 ; number of seconds before automatic logout
-auth_cache_size = 50 ; size is number of cache entries
-allow_persistent_cookies = false ; set to true to allow persistent cookies
-
-[couch_httpd_oauth]
-; If set to 'true', oauth token and consumer secrets will be looked up
-; in the authentication database (_users). These secrets are stored in
-; a top level property named "oauth" in user documents. Example:
-;     {
-;         "_id": "org.couchdb.user:joe",
-;         "type": "user",
-;         "name": "joe",
-;         "password_sha": "fe95df1ca59a9b567bdca5cbaf8412abd6e06121",
-;         "salt": "4e170ffeb6f34daecfd814dfb4001a73"
-;         "roles": ["foo", "bar"],
-;         "oauth": {
-;             "consumer_keys": {
-;                 "consumerKey1": "key1Secret",
-;                 "consumerKey2": "key2Secret"
-;             },
-;             "tokens": {
-;                 "token1": "token1Secret",
-;                 "token2": "token2Secret"
-;             }
-;         }
-;     }
-use_users_db = false
-
-[query_servers]
-; javascript = %(tempdir)s/server/main.js
-
-
-; Changing reduce_limit to false will disable reduce_limit.
-; If you think you're hitting reduce_limit with a "good" reduce function,
-; please let us know on the mailing list so we can fine tune the heuristic.
-[query_server_config]
-reduce_limit = true
-os_process_limit = 25
-
-[daemons]
-view_manager={couch_view, start_link, []}
-external_manager={couch_external_manager, start_link, []}
-query_servers={couch_query_servers, start_link, []}
-vhosts={couch_httpd_vhost, start_link, []}
-httpd={couch_httpd, start_link, []}
-stats_aggregator={couch_stats_aggregator, start, []}
-stats_collector={couch_stats_collector, start, []}
-uuids={couch_uuids, start, []}
-auth_cache={couch_auth_cache, start_link, []}
-replication_manager={couch_replication_manager, start_link, []}
-os_daemons={couch_os_daemons, start_link, []}
-compaction_daemon={couch_compaction_daemon, start_link, []}
-
-[httpd_global_handlers]
-/ = {couch_httpd_misc_handlers, handle_welcome_req, <<"Welcome">>}
-
-_all_dbs = {couch_httpd_misc_handlers, handle_all_dbs_req}
-_active_tasks = {couch_httpd_misc_handlers, handle_task_status_req}
-_config = {couch_httpd_misc_handlers, handle_config_req}
-_replicate = {couch_httpd_replicator, handle_req}
-_uuids = {couch_httpd_misc_handlers, handle_uuids_req}
-_restart = {couch_httpd_misc_handlers, handle_restart_req}
-_stats = {couch_httpd_stats_handlers, handle_stats_req}
-_log = {couch_httpd_misc_handlers, handle_log_req}
-_session = {couch_httpd_auth, handle_session_req}
-_oauth = {couch_httpd_oauth, handle_oauth_req}
-
-[httpd_db_handlers]
-_view_cleanup = {couch_httpd_db, handle_view_cleanup_req}
-_compact = {couch_httpd_db, handle_compact_req}
-_design = {couch_httpd_db, handle_design_req}
-_temp_view = {couch_httpd_view, handle_temp_view_req}
-_changes = {couch_httpd_db, handle_changes_req}
-
-; The external module takes an optional argument allowing you to narrow it to a
-; single script. Otherwise the script name is inferred from the first path section
-; after _external's own path.
-; _mypath = {couch_httpd_external, handle_external_req, <<"mykey">>}
-; _external = {couch_httpd_external, handle_external_req}
-
-[httpd_design_handlers]
-_view = {couch_httpd_view, handle_view_req}
-_show = {couch_httpd_show, handle_doc_show_req}
-_list = {couch_httpd_show, handle_view_list_req}
-_info = {couch_httpd_db,   handle_design_info_req}
-_rewrite = {couch_httpd_rewrite, handle_rewrite_req}
-_update = {couch_httpd_show, handle_doc_update_req}
-
-; enable external as an httpd handler, then link it with commands here.
-; note, this api is still under consideration.
-; [external]
-; mykey = /path/to/mycommand
-
-; Here you can setup commands for CouchDB to manage
-; while it is alive. It will attempt to keep each command
-; alive if it exits.
-; [os_daemons]
-; some_daemon_name = /path/to/script -with args
-
-
-[uuids]
-; Known algorithms:
-;   random - 128 bits of random awesome
-;     All awesome, all the time.
-;   sequential - monotonically increasing ids with random increments
-;     First 26 hex characters are random. Last 6 increment in
-;     random amounts until an overflow occurs. On overflow, the
-;     random prefix is regenerated and the process starts over.
-;   utc_random - Time since Jan 1, 1970 UTC with microseconds
-;     First 14 characters are the time in hex. Last 18 are random.
-algorithm = sequential
-
-[stats]
-; rate is in milliseconds
-rate = 1000
-; sample intervals are in seconds
-samples = [0, 60, 300, 900]
-
-[attachments]
-compression_level = 8 ; from 1 (lowest, fastest) to 9 (highest, slowest), 0 to disable compression
-compressible_types = text/*, application/javascript, application/json, application/xml
-
-[replicator]
-db = _replicator
-; Maximum replicaton retry count can be a non-negative integer or "infinity".
-max_replication_retry_count = 10
-; More worker processes can give higher network throughput but can also
-; imply more disk and network IO.
-worker_processes = 4
-; With lower batch sizes checkpoints are done more frequently. Lower batch sizes
-; also reduce the total amount of used RAM memory.
-worker_batch_size = 500
-; Maximum number of HTTP connections per replication.
-http_connections = 20
-; HTTP connection timeout per replication.
-; Even for very fast/reliable networks it might need to be increased if a remote
-; database is too busy.
-connection_timeout = 30000
-; If a request fails, the replicator will retry it up to N times.
-retries_per_request = 10
-; Some socket options that might boost performance in some scenarios:
-;       {nodelay, boolean()}
-;       {sndbuf, integer()}
-;       {recbuf, integer()}
-;       {priority, integer()}
-; See the `inet` Erlang module's man page for the full list of options.
-socket_options = [{keepalive, true}, {nodelay, false}]
-; Path to a file containing the user's certificate.
-;cert_file = /full/path/to/server_cert.pem
-; Path to file containing user's private PEM encoded key.
-;key_file = /full/path/to/server_key.pem
-; String containing the user's password. Only used if the private keyfile is password protected. 
-;password = somepassword
-; Set to true to validate peer certificates.
-verify_ssl_certificates = false
-; File containing a list of peer trusted certificates (in the PEM format).
-;ssl_trusted_certificates_file = /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
-; Maximum peer certificate depth (must be set even if certificate validation is off).
-ssl_certificate_max_depth = 3
-
-[compaction_daemon]
-; The delay, in seconds, between each check for which database and view indexes
-; need to be compacted.
-check_interval = 300
-; If a database or view index file is smaller then this value (in bytes),
-; compaction will not happen. Very small files always have a very high
-; fragmentation therefore it's not worth to compact them.
-min_file_size = 131072
-
-[compactions]
-; List of compaction rules for the compaction daemon.
-
-
-;[admins]
-;testuser = -hashed-f50a252c12615697c5ed24ec5cd56b05d66fe91e,b05471ba260132953930cf9f97f327f5
-; pass for above user is 'testpass'
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/leap/soledad/tests/test_couch.py b/src/leap/soledad/tests/test_couch.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 60a61b71..00000000
--- a/src/leap/soledad/tests/test_couch.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,439 +0,0 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-# test_couch.py
-# Copyright (C) 2013 LEAP
-#
-# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-# (at your option) any later version.
-#
-# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-# GNU General Public License for more details.
-#
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-
-"""
-Test ObjectStore and Couch backend bits.
-"""
-
-import re
-import copy
-import shutil
-from base64 import b64decode
-
-from leap.common.files import mkdir_p
-
-from leap.soledad.backends import couch
-from leap.soledad.tests import u1db_tests as tests
-from leap.soledad.tests.u1db_tests import test_backends
-from leap.soledad.tests.u1db_tests import test_sync
-import simplejson as json
-from leap.soledad.backends.leap_backend import (
-    LeapDocument,
-)
-
-
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# A wrapper for running couchdb locally.
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-import re
-import os
-import tempfile
-import subprocess
-import time
-import unittest
-
-
-# from: https://github.com/smcq/paisley/blob/master/paisley/test/util.py
-# TODO: include license of above project.
-class CouchDBWrapper(object):
-    """
-    Wrapper for external CouchDB instance which is started and stopped for
-    testing.
-    """
-
-    def start(self):
-        """
-        Start a CouchDB instance for a test.
-        """
-        self.tempdir = tempfile.mkdtemp(suffix='.couch.test')
-
-        path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__),
-                            'couchdb.ini.template')
-        handle = open(path)
-        conf = handle.read() % {
-            'tempdir': self.tempdir,
-        }
-        handle.close()
-
-        confPath = os.path.join(self.tempdir, 'test.ini')
-        handle = open(confPath, 'w')
-        handle.write(conf)
-        handle.close()
-
-        # create the dirs from the template
-        mkdir_p(os.path.join(self.tempdir, 'lib'))
-        mkdir_p(os.path.join(self.tempdir, 'log'))
-        args = ['couchdb', '-n', '-a', confPath]
-        #null = open('/dev/null', 'w')
-        self.process = subprocess.Popen(
-            args, env=None, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
-            close_fds=True)
-        # find port
-        logPath = os.path.join(self.tempdir, 'log', 'couch.log')
-        while not os.path.exists(logPath):
-            if self.process.poll() is not None:
-                raise Exception("""
-couchdb exited with code %d.
-stdout:
-%s
-stderr:
-%s""" % (
-                    self.process.returncode, self.process.stdout.read(),
-                    self.process.stderr.read()))
-            time.sleep(0.01)
-        while os.stat(logPath).st_size == 0:
-            time.sleep(0.01)
-        PORT_RE = re.compile(
-            'Apache CouchDB has started on http://127.0.0.1:(?P<port>\d+)')
-
-        handle = open(logPath)
-        line = handle.read()
-        handle.close()
-        m = PORT_RE.search(line)
-        if not m:
-            self.stop()
-            raise Exception("Cannot find port in line %s" % line)
-        self.port = int(m.group('port'))
-
-    def stop(self):
-        """
-        Terminate the CouchDB instance.
-        """
-        self.process.terminate()
-        self.process.communicate()
-        shutil.rmtree(self.tempdir)
-
-
-class CouchDBTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
-    """
-    TestCase base class for tests against a real CouchDB server.
-    """
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        """
-        Make sure we have a CouchDB instance for a test.
-        """
-        self.wrapper = CouchDBWrapper()
-        self.wrapper.start()
-        #self.db = self.wrapper.db
-        unittest.TestCase.setUp(self)
-
-    def tearDown(self):
-        """
-        Stop CouchDB instance for test.
-        """
-        self.wrapper.stop()
-        unittest.TestCase.tearDown(self)
-
-
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# The following tests come from `u1db.tests.test_common_backend`.
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-class TestCouchBackendImpl(CouchDBTestCase):
-
-    def test__allocate_doc_id(self):
-        db = couch.CouchDatabase('http://localhost:' + str(self.wrapper.port),
-                                 'u1db_tests')
-        doc_id1 = db._allocate_doc_id()
-        self.assertTrue(doc_id1.startswith('D-'))
-        self.assertEqual(34, len(doc_id1))
-        int(doc_id1[len('D-'):], 16)
-        self.assertNotEqual(doc_id1, db._allocate_doc_id())
-
-
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# The following tests come from `u1db.tests.test_backends`.
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-def make_couch_database_for_test(test, replica_uid):
-    port = str(test.wrapper.port)
-    return couch.CouchDatabase('http://localhost:' + port, replica_uid,
-                               replica_uid=replica_uid or 'test')
-
-
-def copy_couch_database_for_test(test, db):
-    port = str(test.wrapper.port)
-    new_db = couch.CouchDatabase('http://localhost:' + port,
-                                 db._replica_uid + '_copy',
-                                 replica_uid=db._replica_uid or 'test')
-    gen, docs = db.get_all_docs(include_deleted=True)
-    for doc in docs:
-        new_db._put_doc(doc)
-    new_db._transaction_log = copy.deepcopy(db._transaction_log)
-    new_db._conflicts = copy.deepcopy(db._conflicts)
-    new_db._other_generations = copy.deepcopy(db._other_generations)
-    new_db._indexes = copy.deepcopy(db._indexes)
-    new_db._store_u1db_data()
-    return new_db
-
-
-def make_document_for_test(test, doc_id, rev, content, has_conflicts=False):
-    return LeapDocument(doc_id, rev, content, has_conflicts=has_conflicts)
-
-
-COUCH_SCENARIOS = [
-    ('couch', {'make_database_for_test': make_couch_database_for_test,
-               'copy_database_for_test': copy_couch_database_for_test,
-               'make_document_for_test': make_document_for_test, }),
-]
-
-
-class CouchTests(test_backends.AllDatabaseTests, CouchDBTestCase):
-
-    scenarios = COUCH_SCENARIOS
-
-    def tearDown(self):
-        self.db.delete_database()
-        test_backends.AllDatabaseTests.tearDown(self)
-
-
-class CouchDatabaseTests(test_backends.LocalDatabaseTests, CouchDBTestCase):
-
-    scenarios = COUCH_SCENARIOS
-
-    def tearDown(self):
-        self.db.delete_database()
-        test_backends.LocalDatabaseTests.tearDown(self)
-
-
-class CouchValidateGenNTransIdTests(
-        test_backends.LocalDatabaseValidateGenNTransIdTests, CouchDBTestCase):
-
-    scenarios = COUCH_SCENARIOS
-
-    def tearDown(self):
-        self.db.delete_database()
-        test_backends.LocalDatabaseValidateGenNTransIdTests.tearDown(self)
-
-
-class CouchValidateSourceGenTests(
-        test_backends.LocalDatabaseValidateSourceGenTests, CouchDBTestCase):
-
-    scenarios = COUCH_SCENARIOS
-
-    def tearDown(self):
-        self.db.delete_database()
-        test_backends.LocalDatabaseValidateSourceGenTests.tearDown(self)
-
-
-class CouchWithConflictsTests(
-        test_backends.LocalDatabaseWithConflictsTests, CouchDBTestCase):
-
-    scenarios = COUCH_SCENARIOS
-
-    def tearDown(self):
-        self.db.delete_database()
-        test_backends.LocalDatabaseWithConflictsTests.tearDown(self)
-
-
-# Notice: the CouchDB backend is currently used for storing encrypted data in
-# the server, so indexing makes no sense. Thus, we ignore index testing for
-# now.
-
-class CouchIndexTests(test_backends.DatabaseIndexTests, CouchDBTestCase):
-
-    scenarios = COUCH_SCENARIOS
-
-    def tearDown(self):
-        self.db.delete_database()
-        test_backends.DatabaseIndexTests.tearDown(self)
-
-
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# The following tests come from `u1db.tests.test_sync`.
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-target_scenarios = [
-    ('local', {'create_db_and_target': test_sync._make_local_db_and_target}), ]
-
-
-simple_doc = tests.simple_doc
-nested_doc = tests.nested_doc
-
-
-class CouchDatabaseSyncTargetTests(test_sync.DatabaseSyncTargetTests,
-                                   CouchDBTestCase):
-
-    scenarios = (tests.multiply_scenarios(COUCH_SCENARIOS, target_scenarios))
-
-    def tearDown(self):
-        self.db.delete_database()
-        test_sync.DatabaseSyncTargetTests.tearDown(self)
-
-    def test_sync_exchange_returns_many_new_docs(self):
-        # This test was replicated to allow dictionaries to be compared after
-        # JSON expansion (because one dictionary may have many different
-        # serialized representations).
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(nested_doc)
-        self.assertTransactionLog([doc.doc_id, doc2.doc_id], self.db)
-        new_gen, _ = self.st.sync_exchange(
-            [], 'other-replica', last_known_generation=0,
-            last_known_trans_id=None, return_doc_cb=self.receive_doc)
-        self.assertTransactionLog([doc.doc_id, doc2.doc_id], self.db)
-        self.assertEqual(2, new_gen)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [(doc.doc_id, doc.rev, json.loads(simple_doc), 1),
-             (doc2.doc_id, doc2.rev, json.loads(nested_doc), 2)],
-            [c[:-3] + (json.loads(c[-3]), c[-2]) for c in self.other_changes])
-        if self.whitebox:
-            self.assertEqual(
-                self.db._last_exchange_log['return'],
-                {'last_gen': 2, 'docs':
-                 [(doc.doc_id, doc.rev), (doc2.doc_id, doc2.rev)]})
-
-
-sync_scenarios = []
-for name, scenario in COUCH_SCENARIOS:
-    scenario = dict(scenario)
-    scenario['do_sync'] = test_sync.sync_via_synchronizer
-    sync_scenarios.append((name, scenario))
-    scenario = dict(scenario)
-
-
-class CouchDatabaseSyncTests(test_sync.DatabaseSyncTests, CouchDBTestCase):
-
-    scenarios = sync_scenarios
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        self.db = None
-        self.db1 = None
-        self.db2 = None
-        self.db3 = None
-        test_sync.DatabaseSyncTests.setUp(self)
-        CouchDBTestCase.setUp(self)
-
-    def tearDown(self):
-        self.db and self.db.delete_database()
-        self.db1 and self.db1.delete_database()
-        self.db2 and self.db2.delete_database()
-        self.db3 and self.db3.delete_database()
-        db = self.create_database('test1_copy', 'source')
-        db.delete_database()
-        db = self.create_database('test2_copy', 'target')
-        db.delete_database()
-        db = self.create_database('test3', 'target')
-        db.delete_database()
-        test_sync.DatabaseSyncTests.tearDown(self)
-
-
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# The following tests test extra functionality introduced by our backends
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-class CouchDatabaseStorageTests(CouchDBTestCase):
-
-    def _listify(self, l):
-        if type(l) is dict:
-            return {
-                self._listify(a): self._listify(b) for a, b in l.iteritems()}
-        if hasattr(l, '__iter__'):
-            return [self._listify(i) for i in l]
-        return l
-
-    def _fetch_u1db_data(self, db):
-        cdoc = db._database.get(db.U1DB_DATA_DOC_ID)
-        jsonstr = db._database.get_attachment(cdoc, 'u1db_json').getvalue()
-        return json.loads(jsonstr)
-
-    def test_transaction_log_storage_after_put(self):
-        db = couch.CouchDatabase('http://localhost:' + str(self.wrapper.port),
-                                 'u1db_tests')
-        db.create_doc({'simple': 'doc'})
-        content = self._fetch_u1db_data(db)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            self._listify(db._transaction_log),
-            self._listify(
-                json.loads(b64decode(content[db.U1DB_TRANSACTION_LOG_KEY]))))
-
-    def test_conflict_log_storage_after_put_if_newer(self):
-        db = couch.CouchDatabase('http://localhost:' + str(self.wrapper.port),
-                                 'u1db_tests')
-        doc = db.create_doc({'simple': 'doc'})
-        doc.set_json(nested_doc)
-        doc.rev = db._replica_uid + ':2'
-        db._force_doc_sync_conflict(doc)
-        content = self._fetch_u1db_data(db)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            self._listify(db._conflicts),
-            self._listify(
-                json.loads(b64decode(content[db.U1DB_CONFLICTS_KEY]))))
-
-    def test_other_gens_storage_after_set(self):
-        db = couch.CouchDatabase('http://localhost:' + str(self.wrapper.port),
-                                 'u1db_tests')
-        doc = db.create_doc({'simple': 'doc'})
-        db._set_replica_gen_and_trans_id('a', 'b', 'c')
-        content = self._fetch_u1db_data(db)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            self._listify(db._other_generations),
-            self._listify(
-                json.loads(b64decode(content[db.U1DB_OTHER_GENERATIONS_KEY]))))
-
-    def test_index_storage_after_create(self):
-        db = couch.CouchDatabase('http://localhost:' + str(self.wrapper.port),
-                                 'u1db_tests')
-        doc = db.create_doc({'name': 'john'})
-        db.create_index('myindex', 'name')
-        content = self._fetch_u1db_data(db)
-        myind = db._indexes['myindex']
-        index = {
-            'myindex': {
-                'definition': myind._definition,
-                'name': myind._name,
-                'values': myind._values,
-            }
-        }
-        self.assertEqual(
-            self._listify(index),
-            self._listify(
-                json.loads(b64decode(content[db.U1DB_INDEXES_KEY]))))
-
-    def test_index_storage_after_delete(self):
-        db = couch.CouchDatabase('http://localhost:' + str(self.wrapper.port),
-                                 'u1db_tests')
-        doc = db.create_doc({'name': 'john'})
-        db.create_index('myindex', 'name')
-        db.create_index('myindex2', 'name')
-        db.delete_index('myindex')
-        content = self._fetch_u1db_data(db)
-        myind = db._indexes['myindex2']
-        index = {
-            'myindex2': {
-                'definition': myind._definition,
-                'name': myind._name,
-                'values': myind._values,
-            }
-        }
-        self.assertEqual(
-            self._listify(index),
-            self._listify(
-                json.loads(b64decode(content[db.U1DB_INDEXES_KEY]))))
-
-    def test_replica_uid_storage_after_db_creation(self):
-        db = couch.CouchDatabase('http://localhost:' + str(self.wrapper.port),
-                                 'u1db_tests')
-        content = self._fetch_u1db_data(db)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            db._replica_uid,
-            b64decode(content[db.U1DB_REPLICA_UID_KEY]))
-
-
-load_tests = tests.load_with_scenarios
diff --git a/src/leap/soledad/tests/test_crypto.py b/src/leap/soledad/tests/test_crypto.py
deleted file mode 100644
index ae84dad3..00000000
--- a/src/leap/soledad/tests/test_crypto.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,286 +0,0 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-# test_crypto.py
-# Copyright (C) 2013 LEAP
-#
-# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-# (at your option) any later version.
-#
-# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-# GNU General Public License for more details.
-#
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-
-"""
-Tests for cryptographic related stuff.
-"""
-
-import os
-import shutil
-import tempfile
-import simplejson as json
-import hashlib
-
-
-from leap.soledad.backends.leap_backend import (
-    LeapDocument,
-    encrypt_doc,
-    decrypt_doc,
-    EncryptionSchemes,
-    LeapSyncTarget,
-    ENC_JSON_KEY,
-    ENC_SCHEME_KEY,
-    MAC_METHOD_KEY,
-    MAC_KEY,
-    UnknownMacMethod,
-    WrongMac,
-)
-from leap.soledad.backends.couch import CouchDatabase
-from leap.soledad import Soledad
-from leap.soledad.crypto import SoledadCrypto
-from leap.soledad.tests import BaseSoledadTest
-from leap.soledad.tests.test_couch import CouchDBTestCase
-from leap.soledad.tests import (
-    KEY_FINGERPRINT,
-    PRIVATE_KEY,
-)
-from leap.soledad.tests.u1db_tests import (
-    simple_doc,
-    nested_doc,
-    TestCaseWithServer,
-)
-from leap.soledad.tests.test_leap_backend import make_leap_document_for_test
-from leap.soledad.backends.couch import CouchServerState
-
-
-class EncryptedSyncTestCase(BaseSoledadTest):
-    """
-    Tests that guarantee that data will always be encrypted when syncing.
-    """
-
-    def test_encrypt_decrypt_json(self):
-        """
-        Test encrypting and decrypting documents.
-        """
-        simpledoc = {'key': 'val'}
-        doc1 = LeapDocument(doc_id='id')
-        doc1.content = simpledoc
-        # encrypt doc
-        doc1.set_json(encrypt_doc(self._soledad._crypto, doc1))
-        # assert content is different and includes keys
-        self.assertNotEqual(
-            simpledoc, doc1.content,
-            'incorrect document encryption')
-        self.assertTrue(ENC_JSON_KEY in doc1.content)
-        self.assertTrue(ENC_SCHEME_KEY in doc1.content)
-        # decrypt doc
-        doc1.set_json(decrypt_doc(self._soledad._crypto, doc1))
-        self.assertEqual(
-            simpledoc, doc1.content, 'incorrect document encryption')
-
-
-#from leap.soledad.server import SoledadApp, SoledadAuthMiddleware
-#
-#
-#def make_token_leap_app(test, state):
-#    app = SoledadApp(state)
-#    application = SoledadAuthMiddleware(app, prefix='/soledad/')
-#    return application
-#
-#
-#def leap_sync_target(test, path):
-#    return LeapSyncTarget(test.getURL(path))
-#
-#
-#def token_leap_sync_target(test, path):
-#    st = leap_sync_target(test, 'soledad/' + path)
-#    st.set_token_credentials('any_user', 'any_token')
-#    return st
-#
-#
-#class EncryptedCouchSyncTest(CouchDBTestCase, TestCaseWithServer):
-#
-#    make_app_with_state = make_token_leap_app
-#
-#    make_document_for_test = make_leap_document_for_test
-#
-#    sync_target = token_leap_sync_target
-#
-#    def make_app(self):
-#        # potential hook point
-#        self.request_state = CouchServerState(self._couch_url)
-#        return self.make_app_with_state(self.request_state)
-#
-#    def _soledad_instance(self, user='leap@leap.se', prefix='',
-#                          bootstrap=False, gnupg_home='/gnupg',
-#                          secrets_path='/secret.gpg',
-#                          local_db_path='/soledad.u1db'):
-#        return Soledad(
-#            user,
-#            '123',
-#            gnupg_home=self.tempdir+prefix+gnupg_home,
-#            secrets_path=self.tempdir+prefix+secrets_path,
-#            local_db_path=self.tempdir+prefix+local_db_path,
-#            bootstrap=bootstrap)
-#
-#    def setUp(self):
-#        CouchDBTestCase.setUp(self)
-#        TestCaseWithServer.setUp(self)
-#        self.tempdir = tempfile.mkdtemp(suffix='.couch.test')
-#        # initialize soledad by hand so we can control keys
-#        self._soledad = self._soledad_instance('leap@leap.se')
-#        self._soledad._init_dirs()
-#        self._soledad._crypto = SoledadCrypto(self._soledad)
-#        if not self._soledad._has_get_storage_secret()():
-#            self._soledad._gen_get_storage_secret()()
-#        self._soledad._load_get_storage_secret()()
-#        self._soledad._init_db()
-#
-#    def tearDown(self):
-#        shutil.rmtree(self.tempdir)
-#
-#    def test_encrypted_sym_sync(self):
-#        # get direct access to couchdb
-#        import ipdb; ipdb.set_trace()
-#        self._couch_url = 'http://localhost:' + str(self.wrapper.port)
-#        db = CouchDatabase(self._couch_url, 'testdb')
-#        # create and encrypt a doc to insert directly in couchdb
-#        doc = LeapDocument('doc-id')
-#        doc.set_json(
-#            encrypt_doc(
-#                self._soledad._crypto, 'doc-id', json.dumps(simple_doc)))
-#        db.put_doc(doc)
-#        # setup credentials for access to soledad server
-#        creds = {
-#            'token': {
-#                'uuid': 'leap@leap.se',
-#                'token': '1234',
-#            }
-#        }
-#        # sync local soledad db with server
-#        self.assertTrue(self._soledad.get_doc('doc-id') is None)
-#        self.startServer()
-#        # TODO fix sync for test.
-#        #self._soledad.sync(self.getURL('soledad/testdb'), creds)
-#        # get and check doc
-#        doc = self._soledad.get_doc('doc-id')
-#        # TODO: fix below.
-#        #self.assertTrue(doc is not None)
-#        #self.assertTrue(doc.content == simple_doc)
-
-
-class RecoveryDocumentTestCase(BaseSoledadTest):
-
-    def test_export_recovery_document_raw(self):
-        rd = self._soledad.export_recovery_document()
-        secret_id = rd[self._soledad.STORAGE_SECRETS_KEY].items()[0][0]
-        secret = rd[self._soledad.STORAGE_SECRETS_KEY][secret_id]
-        self.assertEqual(secret_id, self._soledad._secret_id)
-        self.assertEqual(secret, self._soledad._secrets[secret_id])
-        self.assertTrue(self._soledad.CIPHER_KEY in secret)
-        self.assertTrue(secret[self._soledad.CIPHER_KEY] == 'aes256')
-        self.assertTrue(self._soledad.LENGTH_KEY in secret)
-        self.assertTrue(self._soledad.SECRET_KEY in secret)
-
-    def test_import_recovery_document(self):
-        rd = self._soledad.export_recovery_document()
-        s = self._soledad_instance(user='anotheruser@leap.se')
-        s.import_recovery_document(rd)
-        s._set_secret_id(self._soledad._secret_id)
-        self.assertEqual(self._soledad._uuid,
-                         s._uuid, 'Failed setting user uuid.')
-        self.assertEqual(self._soledad._get_storage_secret(),
-                         s._get_storage_secret(),
-                         'Failed settinng secret for symmetric encryption.')
-
-
-class CryptoMethodsTestCase(BaseSoledadTest):
-
-    def test__gen_secret(self):
-        # instantiate and save secret_id
-        sol = self._soledad_instance(user='user@leap.se')
-        self.assertTrue(len(sol._secrets) == 1)
-        secret_id_1 = sol.secret_id
-        # assert id is hash of secret
-        self.assertTrue(
-            secret_id_1 == hashlib.sha256(sol.storage_secret).hexdigest())
-        # generate new secret
-        secret_id_2 = sol._gen_secret()
-        self.assertTrue(secret_id_1 != secret_id_2)
-        # re-instantiate
-        sol = self._soledad_instance(
-            user='user@leap.se',
-            secret_id=secret_id_1)
-        # assert ids are valid
-        self.assertTrue(len(sol._secrets) == 2)
-        self.assertTrue(secret_id_1 in sol._secrets)
-        self.assertTrue(secret_id_2 in sol._secrets)
-        # assert format of secret 1
-        self.assertTrue(sol.storage_secret is not None)
-        self.assertIsInstance(sol.storage_secret, str)
-        self.assertTrue(len(sol.storage_secret) == sol.GENERATED_SECRET_LENGTH)
-        # assert format of secret 2
-        sol._set_secret_id(secret_id_2)
-        self.assertTrue(sol.storage_secret is not None)
-        self.assertIsInstance(sol.storage_secret, str)
-        self.assertTrue(len(sol.storage_secret) == sol.GENERATED_SECRET_LENGTH)
-        # assert id is hash of new secret
-        self.assertTrue(
-            secret_id_2 == hashlib.sha256(sol.storage_secret).hexdigest())
-
-    def test__has_secret(self):
-        sol = self._soledad_instance(user='user@leap.se')
-        self.assertTrue(sol._has_secret(), "Should have a secret at "
-                                           "this point")
-        # setting secret id to None should not interfere in the fact we have a
-        # secret.
-        sol._set_secret_id(None)
-        self.assertTrue(sol._has_secret(), "Should have a secret at "
-                                           "this point")
-        # but not being able to decrypt correctly should
-        sol._secrets[sol.secret_id][sol.SECRET_KEY] = None
-        self.assertFalse(sol._has_secret())
-
-
-class MacAuthTestCase(BaseSoledadTest):
-
-    def test_decrypt_with_wrong_mac_raises(self):
-        """
-        Trying to decrypt a document with wrong MAC should raise.
-        """
-        simpledoc = {'key': 'val'}
-        doc = LeapDocument(doc_id='id')
-        doc.content = simpledoc
-        # encrypt doc
-        doc.set_json(encrypt_doc(self._soledad._crypto, doc))
-        self.assertTrue(MAC_KEY in doc.content)
-        self.assertTrue(MAC_METHOD_KEY in doc.content)
-        # mess with MAC
-        doc.content[MAC_KEY] = '1234567890ABCDEF'
-        # try to decrypt doc
-        self.assertRaises(
-            WrongMac,
-            decrypt_doc, self._soledad._crypto, doc)
-
-    def test_decrypt_with_unknown_mac_method_raises(self):
-        """
-        Trying to decrypt a document with unknown MAC method should raise.
-        """
-        simpledoc = {'key': 'val'}
-        doc = LeapDocument(doc_id='id')
-        doc.content = simpledoc
-        # encrypt doc
-        doc.set_json(encrypt_doc(self._soledad._crypto, doc))
-        self.assertTrue(MAC_KEY in doc.content)
-        self.assertTrue(MAC_METHOD_KEY in doc.content)
-        # mess with MAC method
-        doc.content[MAC_METHOD_KEY] = 'mymac'
-        # try to decrypt doc
-        self.assertRaises(
-            UnknownMacMethod,
-            decrypt_doc, self._soledad._crypto, doc)
diff --git a/src/leap/soledad/tests/test_leap_backend.py b/src/leap/soledad/tests/test_leap_backend.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 6914e869..00000000
--- a/src/leap/soledad/tests/test_leap_backend.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,782 +0,0 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-# test_leap_backend.py
-# Copyright (C) 2013 LEAP
-#
-# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-# (at your option) any later version.
-#
-# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-# GNU General Public License for more details.
-#
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-
-"""
-Test Leap backend bits.
-"""
-
-import u1db
-import os
-import ssl
-import simplejson as json
-import cStringIO
-
-
-from u1db.sync import Synchronizer
-from u1db.remote import (
-    http_client,
-    http_database,
-    http_target,
-)
-from routes.mapper import Mapper
-
-from leap import soledad
-from leap.soledad.backends import leap_backend
-from leap.soledad.server import (
-    SoledadApp,
-    SoledadAuthMiddleware,
-)
-from leap.soledad import auth
-
-
-from leap.soledad.tests import u1db_tests as tests
-from leap.soledad.tests import BaseSoledadTest
-from leap.soledad.tests.u1db_tests import test_backends
-from leap.soledad.tests.u1db_tests import test_http_database
-from leap.soledad.tests.u1db_tests import test_http_client
-from leap.soledad.tests.u1db_tests import test_document
-from leap.soledad.tests.u1db_tests import test_remote_sync_target
-from leap.soledad.tests.u1db_tests import test_https
-from leap.soledad.tests.u1db_tests import test_sync
-
-
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# The following tests come from `u1db.tests.test_backends`.
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-def make_leap_document_for_test(test, doc_id, rev, content,
-                                has_conflicts=False):
-    return leap_backend.LeapDocument(
-        doc_id, rev, content, has_conflicts=has_conflicts)
-
-
-def make_soledad_app(state):
-    return SoledadApp(state)
-
-
-def make_token_soledad_app(state):
-    app = SoledadApp(state)
-
-    def verify_token(environ, uuid, token):
-        if uuid == 'user-uuid' and token == 'auth-token':
-            return True
-        return False
-
-    # we test for action authorization in leap.soledad.tests.test_server
-    def verify_action(environ, uuid):
-        return True
-
-    application = SoledadAuthMiddleware(app)
-    application.verify_token = verify_token
-    application.verify_action = verify_action
-    return application
-
-
-LEAP_SCENARIOS = [
-    ('http', {
-        'make_database_for_test': test_backends.make_http_database_for_test,
-        'copy_database_for_test': test_backends.copy_http_database_for_test,
-        'make_document_for_test': make_leap_document_for_test,
-        'make_app_with_state': make_soledad_app}),
-]
-
-
-def make_token_http_database_for_test(test, replica_uid):
-    test.startServer()
-    test.request_state._create_database(replica_uid)
-
-    class _HTTPDatabaseWithToken(
-            http_database.HTTPDatabase, auth.TokenBasedAuth):
-
-        def set_token_credentials(self, uuid, token):
-            auth.TokenBasedAuth.set_token_credentials(self, uuid, token)
-
-        def _sign_request(self, method, url_query, params):
-            return auth.TokenBasedAuth._sign_request(
-                self, method, url_query, params)
-
-    http_db = _HTTPDatabaseWithToken(test.getURL('test'))
-    http_db.set_token_credentials('user-uuid', 'auth-token')
-    return http_db
-
-
-def copy_token_http_database_for_test(test, db):
-    # DO NOT COPY OR REUSE THIS CODE OUTSIDE TESTS: COPYING U1DB DATABASES IS
-    # THE WRONG THING TO DO, THE ONLY REASON WE DO SO HERE IS TO TEST THAT WE
-    # CORRECTLY DETECT IT HAPPENING SO THAT WE CAN RAISE ERRORS RATHER THAN
-    # CORRUPT USER DATA. USE SYNC INSTEAD, OR WE WILL SEND NINJA TO YOUR
-    # HOUSE.
-    http_db = test.request_state._copy_database(db)
-    http_db.set_token_credentials(http_db, 'user-uuid', 'auth-token')
-    return http_db
-
-
-class LeapTests(test_backends.AllDatabaseTests, BaseSoledadTest):
-
-    scenarios = LEAP_SCENARIOS + [
-        ('token_http', {'make_database_for_test':
-                        make_token_http_database_for_test,
-                        'copy_database_for_test':
-                        copy_token_http_database_for_test,
-                        'make_document_for_test': make_leap_document_for_test,
-                        'make_app_with_state': make_token_soledad_app,
-                        })
-    ]
-
-
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# The following tests come from `u1db.tests.test_http_client`.
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-class TestLeapClientBase(test_http_client.TestHTTPClientBase):
-    """
-    This class should be used to test Token auth.
-    """
-
-    def getClientWithToken(self, **kwds):
-        self.startServer()
-
-        class _HTTPClientWithToken(
-                http_client.HTTPClientBase, auth.TokenBasedAuth):
-
-            def set_token_credentials(self, uuid, token):
-                auth.TokenBasedAuth.set_token_credentials(self, uuid, token)
-
-            def _sign_request(self, method, url_query, params):
-                return auth.TokenBasedAuth._sign_request(
-                    self, method, url_query, params)
-
-        return _HTTPClientWithToken(self.getURL('dbase'), **kwds)
-
-    def test_oauth(self):
-        """
-        Suppress oauth test (we test for token auth here).
-        """
-        pass
-
-    def test_oauth_ctr_creds(self):
-        """
-        Suppress oauth test (we test for token auth here).
-        """
-        pass
-
-    def test_oauth_Unauthorized(self):
-        """
-        Suppress oauth test (we test for token auth here).
-        """
-        pass
-
-    def app(self, environ, start_response):
-        res = test_http_client.TestHTTPClientBase.app(
-            self, environ, start_response)
-        if res is not None:
-            return res
-        # mime solead application here.
-        if '/token' in environ['PATH_INFO']:
-            auth = environ.get(SoledadAuthMiddleware.HTTP_AUTH_KEY)
-            if not auth:
-                start_response("401 Unauthorized",
-                               [('Content-Type', 'application/json')])
-                return [json.dumps({"error": "unauthorized",
-                                    "message": e.message})]
-            scheme, encoded = auth.split(None, 1)
-            if scheme.lower() != 'token':
-                start_response("401 Unauthorized",
-                               [('Content-Type', 'application/json')])
-                return [json.dumps({"error": "unauthorized",
-                                    "message": e.message})]
-            uuid, token = encoded.decode('base64').split(':', 1)
-            if uuid != 'user-uuid' and token != 'auth-token':
-                return unauth_err("Incorrect address or token.")
-            start_response("200 OK", [('Content-Type', 'application/json')])
-            return [json.dumps([environ['PATH_INFO'], uuid, token])]
-
-    def test_token(self):
-        """
-        Test if token is sent correctly.
-        """
-        cli = self.getClientWithToken()
-        cli.set_token_credentials('user-uuid', 'auth-token')
-        res, headers = cli._request('GET', ['doc', 'token'])
-        self.assertEqual(
-            ['/dbase/doc/token', 'user-uuid', 'auth-token'], json.loads(res))
-
-    def test_token_ctr_creds(self):
-        cli = self.getClientWithToken(creds={'token': {
-            'uuid': 'user-uuid',
-            'token': 'auth-token',
-        }})
-        res, headers = cli._request('GET', ['doc', 'token'])
-        self.assertEqual(
-            ['/dbase/doc/token', 'user-uuid', 'auth-token'], json.loads(res))
-
-
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# The following tests come from `u1db.tests.test_document`.
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-class TestLeapDocument(test_document.TestDocument, BaseSoledadTest):
-
-    scenarios = ([(
-        'leap', {'make_document_for_test': make_leap_document_for_test})])
-
-
-class TestLeapPyDocument(test_document.TestPyDocument, BaseSoledadTest):
-
-    scenarios = ([(
-        'leap', {'make_document_for_test': make_leap_document_for_test})])
-
-
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# The following tests come from `u1db.tests.test_remote_sync_target`.
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-class TestLeapSyncTargetBasics(
-        test_remote_sync_target.TestHTTPSyncTargetBasics):
-    """
-    Some tests had to be copied to this class so we can instantiate our own
-    target.
-    """
-
-    def test_parse_url(self):
-        remote_target = leap_backend.LeapSyncTarget('http://127.0.0.1:12345/')
-        self.assertEqual('http', remote_target._url.scheme)
-        self.assertEqual('127.0.0.1', remote_target._url.hostname)
-        self.assertEqual(12345, remote_target._url.port)
-        self.assertEqual('/', remote_target._url.path)
-
-
-class TestLeapParsingSyncStream(
-        test_remote_sync_target.TestParsingSyncStream,
-        BaseSoledadTest):
-    """
-    Some tests had to be copied to this class so we can instantiate our own
-    target.
-    """
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        test_remote_sync_target.TestParsingSyncStream.setUp(self)
-        BaseSoledadTest.setUp(self)
-
-    def tearDown(self):
-        test_remote_sync_target.TestParsingSyncStream.tearDown(self)
-        BaseSoledadTest.tearDown(self)
-
-    def test_extra_comma(self):
-        """
-        Test adapted to use encrypted content.
-        """
-        doc = leap_backend.LeapDocument('i', rev='r')
-        doc.content = {}
-        enc_json = leap_backend.encrypt_doc(self._soledad._crypto, doc)
-        tgt = leap_backend.LeapSyncTarget(
-            "http://foo/foo", crypto=self._soledad._crypto)
-
-        self.assertRaises(u1db.errors.BrokenSyncStream,
-                          tgt._parse_sync_stream, "[\r\n{},\r\n]", None)
-        self.assertRaises(u1db.errors.BrokenSyncStream,
-                          tgt._parse_sync_stream,
-                          '[\r\n{},\r\n{"id": "i", "rev": "r", '
-                          '"content": %s, "gen": 3, "trans_id": "T-sid"}'
-                          ',\r\n]' % json.dumps(enc_json),
-                          lambda doc, gen, trans_id: None)
-
-    def test_wrong_start(self):
-        tgt = leap_backend.LeapSyncTarget("http://foo/foo")
-
-        self.assertRaises(u1db.errors.BrokenSyncStream,
-                          tgt._parse_sync_stream, "{}\r\n]", None)
-
-        self.assertRaises(u1db.errors.BrokenSyncStream,
-                          tgt._parse_sync_stream, "\r\n{}\r\n]", None)
-
-        self.assertRaises(u1db.errors.BrokenSyncStream,
-                          tgt._parse_sync_stream, "", None)
-
-    def test_wrong_end(self):
-        tgt = leap_backend.LeapSyncTarget("http://foo/foo")
-
-        self.assertRaises(u1db.errors.BrokenSyncStream,
-                          tgt._parse_sync_stream, "[\r\n{}", None)
-
-        self.assertRaises(u1db.errors.BrokenSyncStream,
-                          tgt._parse_sync_stream, "[\r\n", None)
-
-    def test_missing_comma(self):
-        tgt = leap_backend.LeapSyncTarget("http://foo/foo")
-
-        self.assertRaises(u1db.errors.BrokenSyncStream,
-                          tgt._parse_sync_stream,
-                          '[\r\n{}\r\n{"id": "i", "rev": "r", '
-                          '"content": "c", "gen": 3}\r\n]', None)
-
-    def test_no_entries(self):
-        tgt = leap_backend.LeapSyncTarget("http://foo/foo")
-
-        self.assertRaises(u1db.errors.BrokenSyncStream,
-                          tgt._parse_sync_stream, "[\r\n]", None)
-
-    def test_error_in_stream(self):
-        tgt = leap_backend.LeapSyncTarget("http://foo/foo")
-
-        self.assertRaises(u1db.errors.Unavailable,
-                          tgt._parse_sync_stream,
-                          '[\r\n{"new_generation": 0},'
-                          '\r\n{"error": "unavailable"}\r\n', None)
-
-        self.assertRaises(u1db.errors.Unavailable,
-                          tgt._parse_sync_stream,
-                          '[\r\n{"error": "unavailable"}\r\n', None)
-
-        self.assertRaises(u1db.errors.BrokenSyncStream,
-                          tgt._parse_sync_stream,
-                          '[\r\n{"error": "?"}\r\n', None)
-
-
-#
-# functions for TestRemoteSyncTargets
-#
-
-def leap_sync_target(test, path):
-    return leap_backend.LeapSyncTarget(
-        test.getURL(path), crypto=test._soledad._crypto)
-
-
-def token_leap_sync_target(test, path):
-    st = leap_sync_target(test, path)
-    st.set_token_credentials('user-uuid', 'auth-token')
-    return st
-
-
-class TestLeapSyncTarget(
-        test_remote_sync_target.TestRemoteSyncTargets, BaseSoledadTest):
-
-    scenarios = [
-        ('token_soledad',
-            {'make_app_with_state': make_token_soledad_app,
-             'make_document_for_test': make_leap_document_for_test,
-             'sync_target': token_leap_sync_target}),
-    ]
-
-    def test_sync_exchange_send(self):
-        """
-        Test for sync exchanging send of document.
-
-        This test was adapted to decrypt remote content before assert.
-        """
-        self.startServer()
-        db = self.request_state._create_database('test')
-        remote_target = self.getSyncTarget('test')
-        other_docs = []
-
-        def receive_doc(doc):
-            other_docs.append((doc.doc_id, doc.rev, doc.get_json()))
-
-        doc = self.make_document('doc-here', 'replica:1', '{"value": "here"}')
-        new_gen, trans_id = remote_target.sync_exchange(
-            [(doc, 10, 'T-sid')], 'replica', last_known_generation=0,
-            last_known_trans_id=None, return_doc_cb=receive_doc)
-        self.assertEqual(1, new_gen)
-        self.assertGetEncryptedDoc(
-            db, 'doc-here', 'replica:1', '{"value": "here"}', False)
-
-    def test_sync_exchange_send_failure_and_retry_scenario(self):
-        """
-        Test for sync exchange failure and retry.
-
-        This test was adapted to decrypt remote content before assert.
-        """
-
-        self.startServer()
-
-        def blackhole_getstderr(inst):
-            return cStringIO.StringIO()
-
-        self.patch(self.server.RequestHandlerClass, 'get_stderr',
-                   blackhole_getstderr)
-        db = self.request_state._create_database('test')
-        _put_doc_if_newer = db._put_doc_if_newer
-        trigger_ids = ['doc-here2']
-
-        def bomb_put_doc_if_newer(doc, save_conflict,
-                                  replica_uid=None, replica_gen=None,
-                                  replica_trans_id=None):
-            if doc.doc_id in trigger_ids:
-                raise Exception
-            return _put_doc_if_newer(doc, save_conflict=save_conflict,
-                                     replica_uid=replica_uid,
-                                     replica_gen=replica_gen,
-                                     replica_trans_id=replica_trans_id)
-        self.patch(db, '_put_doc_if_newer', bomb_put_doc_if_newer)
-        remote_target = self.getSyncTarget('test')
-        other_changes = []
-
-        def receive_doc(doc, gen, trans_id):
-            other_changes.append(
-                (doc.doc_id, doc.rev, doc.get_json(), gen, trans_id))
-
-        doc1 = self.make_document('doc-here', 'replica:1', '{"value": "here"}')
-        doc2 = self.make_document('doc-here2', 'replica:1',
-                                  '{"value": "here2"}')
-        self.assertRaises(
-            u1db.errors.HTTPError,
-            remote_target.sync_exchange,
-            [(doc1, 10, 'T-sid'), (doc2, 11, 'T-sud')],
-            'replica', last_known_generation=0, last_known_trans_id=None,
-            return_doc_cb=receive_doc)
-        self.assertGetEncryptedDoc(
-            db, 'doc-here', 'replica:1', '{"value": "here"}',
-            False)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            (10, 'T-sid'), db._get_replica_gen_and_trans_id('replica'))
-        self.assertEqual([], other_changes)
-        # retry
-        trigger_ids = []
-        new_gen, trans_id = remote_target.sync_exchange(
-            [(doc2, 11, 'T-sud')], 'replica', last_known_generation=0,
-            last_known_trans_id=None, return_doc_cb=receive_doc)
-        self.assertGetEncryptedDoc(
-            db, 'doc-here2', 'replica:1', '{"value": "here2"}',
-            False)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            (11, 'T-sud'), db._get_replica_gen_and_trans_id('replica'))
-        self.assertEqual(2, new_gen)
-        # bounced back to us
-        self.assertEqual(
-            ('doc-here', 'replica:1', '{"value": "here"}', 1),
-            other_changes[0][:-1])
-
-    def test_sync_exchange_send_ensure_callback(self):
-        """
-        Test for sync exchange failure and retry.
-
-        This test was adapted to decrypt remote content before assert.
-        """
-        self.startServer()
-        remote_target = self.getSyncTarget('test')
-        other_docs = []
-        replica_uid_box = []
-
-        def receive_doc(doc):
-            other_docs.append((doc.doc_id, doc.rev, doc.get_json()))
-
-        def ensure_cb(replica_uid):
-            replica_uid_box.append(replica_uid)
-
-        doc = self.make_document('doc-here', 'replica:1', '{"value": "here"}')
-        new_gen, trans_id = remote_target.sync_exchange(
-            [(doc, 10, 'T-sid')], 'replica', last_known_generation=0,
-            last_known_trans_id=None, return_doc_cb=receive_doc,
-            ensure_callback=ensure_cb)
-        self.assertEqual(1, new_gen)
-        db = self.request_state.open_database('test')
-        self.assertEqual(1, len(replica_uid_box))
-        self.assertEqual(db._replica_uid, replica_uid_box[0])
-        self.assertGetEncryptedDoc(
-            db, 'doc-here', 'replica:1', '{"value": "here"}', False)
-
-
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# The following tests come from `u1db.tests.test_https`.
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-def token_leap_https_sync_target(test, host, path):
-    _, port = test.server.server_address
-    st = leap_backend.LeapSyncTarget(
-        'https://%s:%d/%s' % (host, port, path),
-        crypto=test._soledad._crypto)
-    st.set_token_credentials('user-uuid', 'auth-token')
-    return st
-
-
-class TestLeapSyncTargetHttpsSupport(test_https.TestHttpSyncTargetHttpsSupport,
-                                     BaseSoledadTest):
-
-    scenarios = [
-        ('token_soledad_https',
-            {'server_def': test_https.https_server_def,
-             'make_app_with_state': make_token_soledad_app,
-             'make_document_for_test': make_leap_document_for_test,
-             'sync_target': token_leap_https_sync_target}),
-    ]
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        # the parent constructor undoes our SSL monkey patch to ensure tests
-        # run smoothly with standard u1db.
-        test_https.TestHttpSyncTargetHttpsSupport.setUp(self)
-        # so here monkey patch again to test our functionality.
-        http_client._VerifiedHTTPSConnection = soledad.VerifiedHTTPSConnection
-        soledad.SOLEDAD_CERT = http_client.CA_CERTS
-
-    def test_working(self):
-        """
-        Test that SSL connections work well.
-
-        This test was adapted to patch Soledad's HTTPS connection custom class
-        with the intended CA certificates.
-        """
-        self.startServer()
-        db = self.request_state._create_database('test')
-        self.patch(soledad, 'SOLEDAD_CERT', self.cacert_pem)
-        remote_target = self.getSyncTarget('localhost', 'test')
-        remote_target.record_sync_info('other-id', 2, 'T-id')
-        self.assertEqual(
-            (2, 'T-id'), db._get_replica_gen_and_trans_id('other-id'))
-
-    def test_host_mismatch(self):
-        """
-        Test that SSL connections to a hostname different than the one in the
-        certificate raise CertificateError.
-
-        This test was adapted to patch Soledad's HTTPS connection custom class
-        with the intended CA certificates.
-        """
-        self.startServer()
-        self.request_state._create_database('test')
-        self.patch(soledad, 'SOLEDAD_CERT', self.cacert_pem)
-        remote_target = self.getSyncTarget('127.0.0.1', 'test')
-        self.assertRaises(
-            http_client.CertificateError, remote_target.record_sync_info,
-            'other-id', 2, 'T-id')
-
-
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# The following tests come from `u1db.tests.test_http_database`.
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-class _HTTPDatabase(http_database.HTTPDatabase, auth.TokenBasedAuth):
-    """
-    Wraps our token auth implementation.
-    """
-
-    def set_token_credentials(self, uuid, token):
-        auth.TokenBasedAuth.set_token_credentials(self, uuid, token)
-
-    def _sign_request(self, method, url_query, params):
-        return auth.TokenBasedAuth._sign_request(
-            self, method, url_query, params)
-
-
-class TestHTTPDatabaseWithCreds(
-        test_http_database.TestHTTPDatabaseCtrWithCreds):
-
-    def test_get_sync_target_inherits_token_credentials(self):
-        # this test was from TestDatabaseSimpleOperations but we put it here
-        # for convenience.
-        self.db = _HTTPDatabase('dbase')
-        self.db.set_token_credentials('user-uuid', 'auth-token')
-        st = self.db.get_sync_target()
-        self.assertEqual(self.db._creds, st._creds)
-
-    def test_ctr_with_creds(self):
-        db1 = _HTTPDatabase('http://dbs/db', creds={'token': {
-            'uuid': 'user-uuid',
-            'token': 'auth-token',
-        }})
-        self.assertIn('token', db1._creds)
-
-
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# The following tests come from `u1db.tests.test_sync`.
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-def _make_local_db_and_leap_target(test, path='test'):
-    test.startServer()
-    db = test.request_state._create_database(os.path.basename(path))
-    st = leap_backend.LeapSyncTarget.connect(
-        test.getURL(path), crypto=test._soledad._crypto)
-    return db, st
-
-
-def _make_local_db_and_token_leap_target(test):
-    db, st = _make_local_db_and_leap_target(test, 'test')
-    st.set_token_credentials('user-uuid', 'auth-token')
-    return db, st
-
-
-target_scenarios = [
-    ('token_leap', {'create_db_and_target':
-                    _make_local_db_and_token_leap_target,
-                    'make_app_with_state': make_token_soledad_app}),
-]
-
-
-class LeapDatabaseSyncTargetTests(
-        test_sync.DatabaseSyncTargetTests, BaseSoledadTest):
-
-    scenarios = (
-        tests.multiply_scenarios(
-            tests.DatabaseBaseTests.scenarios,
-            target_scenarios))
-
-    def test_sync_exchange(self):
-        """
-        Test sync exchange.
-
-        This test was adapted to decrypt remote content before assert.
-        """
-        sol = _make_local_db_and_leap_target(self)
-        docs_by_gen = [
-            (self.make_document('doc-id', 'replica:1', tests.simple_doc), 10,
-             'T-sid')]
-        new_gen, trans_id = self.st.sync_exchange(
-            docs_by_gen, 'replica', last_known_generation=0,
-            last_known_trans_id=None, return_doc_cb=self.receive_doc)
-        self.assertGetEncryptedDoc(
-            self.db, 'doc-id', 'replica:1', tests.simple_doc, False)
-        self.assertTransactionLog(['doc-id'], self.db)
-        last_trans_id = self.getLastTransId(self.db)
-        self.assertEqual(([], 1, last_trans_id),
-                         (self.other_changes, new_gen, last_trans_id))
-        self.assertEqual(10, self.st.get_sync_info('replica')[3])
-
-    def test_sync_exchange_push_many(self):
-        """
-        Test sync exchange.
-
-        This test was adapted to decrypt remote content before assert.
-        """
-        docs_by_gen = [
-            (self.make_document(
-                'doc-id', 'replica:1', tests.simple_doc), 10, 'T-1'),
-            (self.make_document(
-                'doc-id2', 'replica:1', tests.nested_doc), 11, 'T-2')]
-        new_gen, trans_id = self.st.sync_exchange(
-            docs_by_gen, 'replica', last_known_generation=0,
-            last_known_trans_id=None, return_doc_cb=self.receive_doc)
-        self.assertGetEncryptedDoc(
-            self.db, 'doc-id', 'replica:1', tests.simple_doc, False)
-        self.assertGetEncryptedDoc(
-            self.db, 'doc-id2', 'replica:1', tests.nested_doc, False)
-        self.assertTransactionLog(['doc-id', 'doc-id2'], self.db)
-        last_trans_id = self.getLastTransId(self.db)
-        self.assertEqual(([], 2, last_trans_id),
-                         (self.other_changes, new_gen, trans_id))
-        self.assertEqual(11, self.st.get_sync_info('replica')[3])
-
-    def test_sync_exchange_returns_many_new_docs(self):
-        """
-        Test sync exchange.
-
-        This test was adapted to avoid JSON serialization comparison as local
-        and remote representations might differ. It looks directly at the
-        doc's contents instead.
-        """
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(tests.simple_doc)
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(tests.nested_doc)
-        self.assertTransactionLog([doc.doc_id, doc2.doc_id], self.db)
-        new_gen, _ = self.st.sync_exchange(
-            [], 'other-replica', last_known_generation=0,
-            last_known_trans_id=None, return_doc_cb=self.receive_doc)
-        self.assertTransactionLog([doc.doc_id, doc2.doc_id], self.db)
-        self.assertEqual(2, new_gen)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [(doc.doc_id, doc.rev, 1),
-             (doc2.doc_id, doc2.rev, 2)],
-            [c[:-3] + c[-2:-1] for c in self.other_changes])
-        self.assertEqual(
-            json.loads(tests.simple_doc),
-            json.loads(self.other_changes[0][2]))
-        self.assertEqual(
-            json.loads(tests.nested_doc),
-            json.loads(self.other_changes[1][2]))
-        if self.whitebox:
-            self.assertEqual(
-                self.db._last_exchange_log['return'],
-                {'last_gen': 2, 'docs':
-                 [(doc.doc_id, doc.rev), (doc2.doc_id, doc2.rev)]})
-
-
-class TestLeapDbSync(test_sync.TestDbSync, BaseSoledadTest):
-    """Test db.sync remote sync shortcut"""
-
-    scenarios = [
-        ('py-http', {
-            'make_app_with_state': make_soledad_app,
-            'make_database_for_test': tests.make_memory_database_for_test,
-        }),
-        ('py-token-http', {
-            'make_app_with_state': make_token_soledad_app,
-            'make_database_for_test': tests.make_memory_database_for_test,
-            'token': True
-        }),
-    ]
-
-    oauth = False
-    token = False
-
-    def do_sync(self, target_name):
-        """
-        Perform sync using LeapSyncTarget and Token auth.
-        """
-        if self.token:
-            extra = dict(creds={'token': {
-                'uuid': 'user-uuid',
-                'token': 'auth-token',
-            }})
-            target_url = self.getURL(target_name)
-            return Synchronizer(
-                self.db,
-                leap_backend.LeapSyncTarget(
-                    target_url,
-                    crypto=self._soledad._crypto,
-                    **extra)).sync(autocreate=True)
-        else:
-            return test_sync.TestDbSync.do_sync(self, target_name)
-
-    def test_db_sync(self):
-        """
-        Test sync.
-
-        Adapted to check for encrypted content.
-        """
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(tests.simple_doc)
-        doc2 = self.db2.create_doc_from_json(tests.nested_doc)
-        local_gen_before_sync = self.do_sync('test2.db')
-        gen, _, changes = self.db.whats_changed(local_gen_before_sync)
-        self.assertEqual(1, len(changes))
-        self.assertEqual(doc2.doc_id, changes[0][0])
-        self.assertEqual(1, gen - local_gen_before_sync)
-        self.assertGetEncryptedDoc(
-            self.db2, doc1.doc_id, doc1.rev, tests.simple_doc, False)
-        self.assertGetEncryptedDoc(
-            self.db, doc2.doc_id, doc2.rev, tests.nested_doc, False)
-
-    def test_db_sync_autocreate(self):
-        """
-        Test sync.
-
-        Adapted to check for encrypted content.
-        """
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(tests.simple_doc)
-        local_gen_before_sync = self.do_sync('test3.db')
-        gen, _, changes = self.db.whats_changed(local_gen_before_sync)
-        self.assertEqual(0, gen - local_gen_before_sync)
-        db3 = self.request_state.open_database('test3.db')
-        gen, _, changes = db3.whats_changed()
-        self.assertEqual(1, len(changes))
-        self.assertEqual(doc1.doc_id, changes[0][0])
-        self.assertGetEncryptedDoc(
-            db3, doc1.doc_id, doc1.rev, tests.simple_doc, False)
-        t_gen, _ = self.db._get_replica_gen_and_trans_id('test3.db')
-        s_gen, _ = db3._get_replica_gen_and_trans_id('test1')
-        self.assertEqual(1, t_gen)
-        self.assertEqual(1, s_gen)
-
-
-load_tests = tests.load_with_scenarios
diff --git a/src/leap/soledad/tests/test_server.py b/src/leap/soledad/tests/test_server.py
deleted file mode 100644
index ec3f636b..00000000
--- a/src/leap/soledad/tests/test_server.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,239 +0,0 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-# test_server.py
-# Copyright (C) 2013 LEAP
-#
-# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-# (at your option) any later version.
-#
-# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-# GNU General Public License for more details.
-#
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-
-"""
-Tests for server-related functionality.
-"""
-
-import os
-import shutil
-import tempfile
-import simplejson as json
-import hashlib
-
-
-from leap.soledad.server import URLToAuth
-from leap.common.testing.basetest import BaseLeapTest
-
-
-class SoledadServerTestCase(BaseLeapTest):
-    """
-    Tests that guarantee that data will always be encrypted when syncing.
-    """
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        pass
-
-    def tearDown(self):
-        pass
-
-    def _make_environ(self, path_info, request_method):
-        return {
-            'PATH_INFO': path_info,
-            'REQUEST_METHOD': request_method,
-        }
-
-    def test_verify_action_with_correct_dbnames(self):
-        """
-        Test encrypting and decrypting documents.
-
-        The following table lists the authorized actions among all possible
-        u1db remote actions:
-
-            URL path                      | Authorized actions
-            --------------------------------------------------
-            /                             | GET
-            /shared-db                    | GET
-            /shared-db/docs               | -
-            /shared-db/doc/{id}           | GET, PUT, DELETE
-            /shared-db/sync-from/{source} | -
-            /user-db                      | GET, PUT, DELETE
-            /user-db/docs                 | -
-            /user-db/doc/{id}             | -
-            /user-db/sync-from/{source}   | GET, PUT, POST
-        """
-        uuid = 'myuuid'
-        authmap = URLToAuth(uuid)
-        dbname = authmap._uuid_dbname(uuid)
-        # test global auth
-        self.assertTrue(
-            authmap.is_authorized(self._make_environ('/', 'GET')))
-        # test shared-db database resource auth
-        self.assertTrue(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/shared', 'GET')))
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/shared', 'PUT')))
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/shared', 'DELETE')))
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/shared', 'POST')))
-        # test shared-db docs resource auth
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/shared/docs', 'GET')))
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/shared/docs', 'PUT')))
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/shared/docs', 'DELETE')))
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/shared/docs', 'POST')))
-        # test shared-db doc resource auth
-        self.assertTrue(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/shared/doc/x', 'GET')))
-        self.assertTrue(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/shared/doc/x', 'PUT')))
-        self.assertTrue(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/shared/doc/x', 'DELETE')))
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/shared/doc/x', 'POST')))
-        # test shared-db sync resource auth
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/shared/sync-from/x', 'GET')))
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/shared/sync-from/x', 'PUT')))
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/shared/sync-from/x', 'DELETE')))
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/shared/sync-from/x', 'POST')))
-        # test user-db database resource auth
-        self.assertTrue(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/%s' % dbname, 'GET')))
-        self.assertTrue(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/%s' % dbname, 'PUT')))
-        self.assertTrue(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/%s' % dbname, 'DELETE')))
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/%s' % dbname, 'POST')))
-        # test user-db docs resource auth
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/%s/docs' % dbname, 'GET')))
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/%s/docs' % dbname, 'PUT')))
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/%s/docs' % dbname, 'DELETE')))
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/%s/docs' % dbname, 'POST')))
-        # test user-db doc resource auth
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/%s/doc/x' % dbname, 'GET')))
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/%s/doc/x' % dbname, 'PUT')))
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/%s/doc/x' % dbname, 'DELETE')))
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/%s/doc/x' % dbname, 'POST')))
-        # test user-db sync resource auth
-        self.assertTrue(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/%s/sync-from/x' % dbname, 'GET')))
-        self.assertTrue(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/%s/sync-from/x' % dbname, 'PUT')))
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/%s/sync-from/x' % dbname, 'DELETE')))
-        self.assertTrue(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/%s/sync-from/x' % dbname, 'POST')))
-
-    def test_verify_action_with_wrong_dbnames(self):
-        """
-        Test if authorization fails for a wrong dbname.
-        """
-        uuid = 'myuuid'
-        authmap = URLToAuth(uuid)
-        dbname = 'somedb'
-        # test wrong-db database resource auth
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/%s' % dbname, 'GET')))
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/%s' % dbname, 'PUT')))
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/%s' % dbname, 'DELETE')))
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/%s' % dbname, 'POST')))
-        # test wrong-db docs resource auth
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/%s/docs' % dbname, 'GET')))
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/%s/docs' % dbname, 'PUT')))
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/%s/docs' % dbname, 'DELETE')))
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/%s/docs' % dbname, 'POST')))
-        # test wrong-db doc resource auth
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/%s/doc/x' % dbname, 'GET')))
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/%s/doc/x' % dbname, 'PUT')))
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/%s/doc/x' % dbname, 'DELETE')))
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/%s/doc/x' % dbname, 'POST')))
-        # test wrong-db sync resource auth
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/%s/sync-from/x' % dbname, 'GET')))
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/%s/sync-from/x' % dbname, 'PUT')))
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/%s/sync-from/x' % dbname, 'DELETE')))
-        self.assertFalse(
-            authmap.is_authorized(
-                self._make_environ('/%s/sync-from/x' % dbname, 'POST')))
diff --git a/src/leap/soledad/tests/test_soledad.py b/src/leap/soledad/tests/test_soledad.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 09711f19..00000000
--- a/src/leap/soledad/tests/test_soledad.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,302 +0,0 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-# test_soledad.py
-# Copyright (C) 2013 LEAP
-#
-# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-# (at your option) any later version.
-#
-# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-# GNU General Public License for more details.
-#
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-
-"""
-Tests for general Soledad functionality.
-"""
-
-
-import os
-import re
-import tempfile
-import simplejson as json
-from mock import Mock
-
-
-from leap.common.testing.basetest import BaseLeapTest
-from leap.common.events import (
-    server,
-    component,
-    events_pb2 as proto,
-    register,
-    signal,
-)
-from leap.soledad.tests import (
-    BaseSoledadTest,
-    ADDRESS,
-)
-from leap import soledad
-from leap.soledad import Soledad
-from leap.soledad.crypto import SoledadCrypto
-from leap.soledad.shared_db import SoledadSharedDatabase
-from leap.soledad.backends.leap_backend import (
-    LeapDocument,
-    LeapSyncTarget,
-)
-
-
-class AuxMethodsTestCase(BaseSoledadTest):
-
-    def test__init_dirs(self):
-        sol = self._soledad_instance(prefix='_init_dirs')
-        sol._init_dirs()
-        local_db_dir = os.path.dirname(sol.local_db_path)
-        secrets_path = os.path.dirname(sol.secrets_path)
-        self.assertTrue(os.path.isdir(local_db_dir))
-        self.assertTrue(os.path.isdir(secrets_path))
-
-    def test__init_db(self):
-        sol = self._soledad_instance()
-        sol._init_dirs()
-        sol._crypto = SoledadCrypto(sol)
-        #self._soledad._gpg.import_keys(PUBLIC_KEY)
-        if not sol._has_secret():
-            sol._gen_secret()
-        sol._load_secrets()
-        sol._init_db()
-        from leap.soledad.backends.sqlcipher import SQLCipherDatabase
-        self.assertIsInstance(sol._db, SQLCipherDatabase)
-
-    def test__init_config_defaults(self):
-        """
-        Test if configuration defaults point to the correct place.
-        """
-
-        class SoledadMock(Soledad):
-
-            def __init__(self):
-                pass
-
-        # instantiate without initializing so we just test _init_config()
-        sol = SoledadMock()
-        Soledad._init_config(sol, None, None, '')
-        # assert value of secrets_path
-        self.assertEquals(
-            os.path.join(
-                sol.DEFAULT_PREFIX, Soledad.STORAGE_SECRETS_FILE_NAME),
-            sol.secrets_path)
-        # assert value of local_db_path
-        self.assertEquals(
-            os.path.join(sol.DEFAULT_PREFIX, 'soledad.u1db'),
-            sol.local_db_path)
-
-    def test__init_config_from_params(self):
-        """
-        Test if configuration is correctly read from file.
-        """
-        sol = self._soledad_instance(
-            'leap@leap.se',
-            passphrase='123',
-            secrets_path='value_3',
-            local_db_path='value_2',
-            server_url='value_1',
-            cert_file=None)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            os.path.join(self.tempdir, 'value_3'),
-            sol.secrets_path)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            os.path.join(self.tempdir, 'value_2'),
-            sol.local_db_path)
-        self.assertEqual('value_1', sol.server_url)
-
-
-class SoledadSharedDBTestCase(BaseSoledadTest):
-    """
-    These tests ensure the functionalities of the shared recovery database.
-    """
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        BaseSoledadTest.setUp(self)
-        self._shared_db = SoledadSharedDatabase(
-            'https://provider/', LeapDocument, None)
-
-    def test__get_secrets_from_shared_db(self):
-        """
-        Ensure the shared db is queried with the correct doc_id.
-        """
-        doc_id = self._soledad._uuid_hash()
-        self._soledad._get_secrets_from_shared_db()
-        self.assertTrue(
-            self._soledad._shared_db().get_doc.assert_called_with(
-                doc_id) is None,
-            'Wrong doc_id when fetching recovery document.')
-
-    def test__put_secrets_in_shared_db(self):
-        """
-        Ensure recovery document is put into shared recover db.
-        """
-        doc_id = self._soledad._uuid_hash()
-        self._soledad._put_secrets_in_shared_db()
-        self.assertTrue(
-            self._soledad._shared_db().get_doc.assert_called_with(
-                doc_id) is None,
-            'Wrong doc_id when fetching recovery document.')
-        self.assertTrue(
-            self._soledad._shared_db.put_doc.assert_called_with(
-                self._doc_put) is None,
-            'Wrong document when putting recovery document.')
-        self.assertTrue(
-            self._doc_put.doc_id == doc_id,
-            'Wrong doc_id when putting recovery document.')
-
-
-class SoledadSignalingTestCase(BaseSoledadTest):
-    """
-    These tests ensure signals are correctly emmited by Soledad.
-    """
-
-    EVENTS_SERVER_PORT = 8090
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        BaseSoledadTest.setUp(self)
-        # mock signaling
-        soledad.events.signal = Mock()
-
-    def tearDown(self):
-        pass
-
-    def _pop_mock_call(self, mocked):
-        mocked.call_args_list.pop()
-        mocked.mock_calls.pop()
-        mocked.call_args = mocked.call_args_list[-1]
-
-    def test_stage2_bootstrap_signals(self):
-        """
-        Test that a fresh soledad emits all bootstrap signals.
-        """
-        soledad.events.signal.reset_mock()
-        # get a fresh instance so it emits all bootstrap signals
-        sol = self._soledad_instance(
-            secrets_path='alternative.json',
-            local_db_path='alternative.u1db')
-        # reverse call order so we can verify in the order the signals were
-        # expected
-        soledad.events.signal.mock_calls.reverse()
-        soledad.events.signal.call_args = \
-            soledad.events.signal.call_args_list[0]
-        soledad.events.signal.call_args_list.reverse()
-        # assert signals
-        soledad.events.signal.assert_called_with(
-            proto.SOLEDAD_DOWNLOADING_KEYS,
-            ADDRESS,
-        )
-        self._pop_mock_call(soledad.events.signal)
-        soledad.events.signal.assert_called_with(
-            proto.SOLEDAD_DONE_DOWNLOADING_KEYS,
-            ADDRESS,
-        )
-        self._pop_mock_call(soledad.events.signal)
-        soledad.events.signal.assert_called_with(
-            proto.SOLEDAD_CREATING_KEYS,
-            ADDRESS,
-        )
-        self._pop_mock_call(soledad.events.signal)
-        soledad.events.signal.assert_called_with(
-            proto.SOLEDAD_DONE_CREATING_KEYS,
-            ADDRESS,
-        )
-        self._pop_mock_call(soledad.events.signal)
-        soledad.events.signal.assert_called_with(
-            proto.SOLEDAD_DOWNLOADING_KEYS,
-            ADDRESS,
-        )
-        self._pop_mock_call(soledad.events.signal)
-        soledad.events.signal.assert_called_with(
-            proto.SOLEDAD_DONE_DOWNLOADING_KEYS,
-            ADDRESS,
-        )
-        self._pop_mock_call(soledad.events.signal)
-        soledad.events.signal.assert_called_with(
-            proto.SOLEDAD_UPLOADING_KEYS,
-            ADDRESS,
-        )
-        self._pop_mock_call(soledad.events.signal)
-        soledad.events.signal.assert_called_with(
-            proto.SOLEDAD_DONE_UPLOADING_KEYS,
-            ADDRESS,
-        )
-
-    def test_stage1_bootstrap_signals(self):
-        """
-        Test that an existent soledad emits some of the bootstrap signals.
-        """
-        soledad.events.signal.reset_mock()
-        # get an existent instance so it emits only some of bootstrap signals
-        sol = self._soledad_instance()
-        # reverse call order so we can verify in the order the signals were
-        # expected
-        soledad.events.signal.mock_calls.reverse()
-        soledad.events.signal.call_args = \
-            soledad.events.signal.call_args_list[0]
-        soledad.events.signal.call_args_list.reverse()
-        # assert signals
-        soledad.events.signal.assert_called_with(
-            proto.SOLEDAD_DOWNLOADING_KEYS,
-            ADDRESS,
-        )
-        self._pop_mock_call(soledad.events.signal)
-        soledad.events.signal.assert_called_with(
-            proto.SOLEDAD_DONE_DOWNLOADING_KEYS,
-            ADDRESS,
-        )
-        self._pop_mock_call(soledad.events.signal)
-        soledad.events.signal.assert_called_with(
-            proto.SOLEDAD_UPLOADING_KEYS,
-            ADDRESS,
-        )
-        self._pop_mock_call(soledad.events.signal)
-        soledad.events.signal.assert_called_with(
-            proto.SOLEDAD_DONE_UPLOADING_KEYS,
-            ADDRESS,
-        )
-
-    def test_sync_signals(self):
-        """
-        Test Soledad emits SOLEDAD_CREATING_KEYS signal.
-        """
-        soledad.events.signal.reset_mock()
-        # get a fresh instance so it emits all bootstrap signals
-        sol = self._soledad_instance()
-        # mock the actual db sync so soledad does not try to connect to the
-        # server
-        sol._db.sync = Mock()
-        # do the sync
-        sol.sync()
-        # assert the signal has been emitted
-        soledad.events.signal.assert_called_with(
-            proto.SOLEDAD_DONE_DATA_SYNC,
-            ADDRESS,
-        )
-
-    def test_need_sync_signals(self):
-        """
-        Test Soledad emits SOLEDAD_CREATING_KEYS signal.
-        """
-        soledad.events.signal.reset_mock()
-        sol = self._soledad_instance()
-        # mock the sync target
-        LeapSyncTarget.get_sync_info = Mock(return_value=[0, 0, 0, 0, 2])
-        # mock our generation so soledad thinks there's new data to sync
-        sol._db._get_generation = Mock(return_value=1)
-        # check for new data to sync
-        sol.need_sync('http://provider/userdb')
-        # assert the signal has been emitted
-        soledad.events.signal.assert_called_with(
-            proto.SOLEDAD_NEW_DATA_TO_SYNC,
-            ADDRESS,
-        )
diff --git a/src/leap/soledad/tests/test_sqlcipher.py b/src/leap/soledad/tests/test_sqlcipher.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 9741bd4e..00000000
--- a/src/leap/soledad/tests/test_sqlcipher.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,824 +0,0 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-# test_sqlcipher.py
-# Copyright (C) 2013 LEAP
-#
-# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-# (at your option) any later version.
-#
-# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-# GNU General Public License for more details.
-#
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-
-"""
-Test sqlcipher backend internals.
-"""
-
-
-import os
-import time
-import unittest
-import simplejson as json
-import threading
-
-
-from pysqlcipher import dbapi2
-from StringIO import StringIO
-
-
-# u1db stuff.
-from u1db import (
-    errors,
-    query_parser,
-    sync,
-    vectorclock,
-)
-from u1db.backends.sqlite_backend import SQLitePartialExpandDatabase
-
-
-# soledad stuff.
-from leap.soledad.backends.sqlcipher import (
-    SQLCipherDatabase,
-    DatabaseIsNotEncrypted,
-)
-from leap.soledad.backends.sqlcipher import open as u1db_open
-from leap.soledad.backends.leap_backend import (
-    LeapDocument,
-    EncryptionSchemes,
-    decrypt_doc,
-    ENC_JSON_KEY,
-    ENC_SCHEME_KEY,
-)
-
-
-# u1db tests stuff.
-from leap.soledad.tests import u1db_tests as tests, BaseSoledadTest
-from leap.soledad.tests.u1db_tests import test_sqlite_backend
-from leap.soledad.tests.u1db_tests import test_backends
-from leap.soledad.tests.u1db_tests import test_open
-from leap.soledad.tests.u1db_tests import test_sync
-from leap.soledad.backends.leap_backend import LeapSyncTarget
-from leap.common.testing.basetest import BaseLeapTest
-
-PASSWORD = '123456'
-
-
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# The following tests come from `u1db.tests.test_common_backend`.
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-class TestSQLCipherBackendImpl(tests.TestCase):
-
-    def test__allocate_doc_id(self):
-        db = SQLCipherDatabase(':memory:', PASSWORD)
-        doc_id1 = db._allocate_doc_id()
-        self.assertTrue(doc_id1.startswith('D-'))
-        self.assertEqual(34, len(doc_id1))
-        int(doc_id1[len('D-'):], 16)
-        self.assertNotEqual(doc_id1, db._allocate_doc_id())
-
-
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# The following tests come from `u1db.tests.test_backends`.
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-def make_sqlcipher_database_for_test(test, replica_uid):
-    db = SQLCipherDatabase(':memory:', PASSWORD)
-    db._set_replica_uid(replica_uid)
-    return db
-
-
-def copy_sqlcipher_database_for_test(test, db):
-    # DO NOT COPY OR REUSE THIS CODE OUTSIDE TESTS: COPYING U1DB DATABASES IS
-    # THE WRONG THING TO DO, THE ONLY REASON WE DO SO HERE IS TO TEST THAT WE
-    # CORRECTLY DETECT IT HAPPENING SO THAT WE CAN RAISE ERRORS RATHER THAN
-    # CORRUPT USER DATA. USE SYNC INSTEAD, OR WE WILL SEND NINJA TO YOUR
-    # HOUSE.
-    new_db = SQLCipherDatabase(':memory:', PASSWORD)
-    tmpfile = StringIO()
-    for line in db._db_handle.iterdump():
-        if not 'sqlite_sequence' in line:  # work around bug in iterdump
-            tmpfile.write('%s\n' % line)
-    tmpfile.seek(0)
-    new_db._db_handle = dbapi2.connect(':memory:')
-    new_db._db_handle.cursor().executescript(tmpfile.read())
-    new_db._db_handle.commit()
-    new_db._set_replica_uid(db._replica_uid)
-    new_db._factory = db._factory
-    return new_db
-
-
-def make_document_for_test(test, doc_id, rev, content, has_conflicts=False):
-    return LeapDocument(doc_id, rev, content, has_conflicts=has_conflicts)
-
-
-SQLCIPHER_SCENARIOS = [
-    ('sqlcipher', {'make_database_for_test': make_sqlcipher_database_for_test,
-                   'copy_database_for_test': copy_sqlcipher_database_for_test,
-                   'make_document_for_test': make_document_for_test, }),
-]
-
-
-class SQLCipherTests(test_backends.AllDatabaseTests):
-    scenarios = SQLCIPHER_SCENARIOS
-
-
-class SQLCipherDatabaseTests(test_backends.LocalDatabaseTests):
-    scenarios = SQLCIPHER_SCENARIOS
-
-
-class SQLCipherValidateGenNTransIdTests(
-        test_backends.LocalDatabaseValidateGenNTransIdTests):
-    scenarios = SQLCIPHER_SCENARIOS
-
-
-class SQLCipherValidateSourceGenTests(
-        test_backends.LocalDatabaseValidateSourceGenTests):
-    scenarios = SQLCIPHER_SCENARIOS
-
-
-class SQLCipherWithConflictsTests(
-        test_backends.LocalDatabaseWithConflictsTests):
-    scenarios = SQLCIPHER_SCENARIOS
-
-
-class SQLCipherIndexTests(test_backends.DatabaseIndexTests):
-    scenarios = SQLCIPHER_SCENARIOS
-
-
-load_tests = tests.load_with_scenarios
-
-
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# The following tests come from `u1db.tests.test_sqlite_backend`.
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-class TestSQLCipherDatabase(test_sqlite_backend.TestSQLiteDatabase):
-
-    def test_atomic_initialize(self):
-        tmpdir = self.createTempDir()
-        dbname = os.path.join(tmpdir, 'atomic.db')
-
-        t2 = None  # will be a thread
-
-        class SQLCipherDatabaseTesting(SQLCipherDatabase):
-            _index_storage_value = "testing"
-
-            def __init__(self, dbname, ntry):
-                self._try = ntry
-                self._is_initialized_invocations = 0
-                SQLCipherDatabase.__init__(self, dbname, PASSWORD)
-
-            def _is_initialized(self, c):
-                res = \
-                    SQLCipherDatabase._is_initialized(self, c)
-                if self._try == 1:
-                    self._is_initialized_invocations += 1
-                    if self._is_initialized_invocations == 2:
-                        t2.start()
-                        # hard to do better and have a generic test
-                        time.sleep(0.05)
-                return res
-
-        outcome2 = []
-
-        def second_try():
-            try:
-                db2 = SQLCipherDatabaseTesting(dbname, 2)
-            except Exception, e:
-                outcome2.append(e)
-            else:
-                outcome2.append(db2)
-
-        t2 = threading.Thread(target=second_try)
-        db1 = SQLCipherDatabaseTesting(dbname, 1)
-        t2.join()
-
-        self.assertIsInstance(outcome2[0], SQLCipherDatabaseTesting)
-        db2 = outcome2[0]
-        self.assertTrue(db2._is_initialized(db1._get_sqlite_handle().cursor()))
-
-
-class TestAlternativeDocument(LeapDocument):
-    """A (not very) alternative implementation of Document."""
-
-
-class TestSQLCipherPartialExpandDatabase(
-        test_sqlite_backend.TestSQLitePartialExpandDatabase):
-
-    # The following tests had to be cloned from u1db because they all
-    # instantiate the backend directly, so we need to change that in order to
-    # our backend be instantiated in place.
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        test_sqlite_backend.TestSQLitePartialExpandDatabase.setUp(self)
-        self.db = SQLCipherDatabase(':memory:', PASSWORD)
-        self.db._set_replica_uid('test')
-
-    def test_default_replica_uid(self):
-        self.db = SQLCipherDatabase(':memory:', PASSWORD)
-        self.assertIsNot(None, self.db._replica_uid)
-        self.assertEqual(32, len(self.db._replica_uid))
-        int(self.db._replica_uid, 16)
-
-    def test__parse_index(self):
-        self.db = SQLCipherDatabase(':memory:', PASSWORD)
-        g = self.db._parse_index_definition('fieldname')
-        self.assertIsInstance(g, query_parser.ExtractField)
-        self.assertEqual(['fieldname'], g.field)
-
-    def test__update_indexes(self):
-        self.db = SQLCipherDatabase(':memory:', PASSWORD)
-        g = self.db._parse_index_definition('fieldname')
-        c = self.db._get_sqlite_handle().cursor()
-        self.db._update_indexes('doc-id', {'fieldname': 'val'},
-                                [('fieldname', g)], c)
-        c.execute('SELECT doc_id, field_name, value FROM document_fields')
-        self.assertEqual([('doc-id', 'fieldname', 'val')],
-                         c.fetchall())
-
-    def test__set_replica_uid(self):
-        # Start from scratch, so that replica_uid isn't set.
-        self.db = SQLCipherDatabase(':memory:', PASSWORD)
-        self.assertIsNot(None, self.db._real_replica_uid)
-        self.assertIsNot(None, self.db._replica_uid)
-        self.db._set_replica_uid('foo')
-        c = self.db._get_sqlite_handle().cursor()
-        c.execute("SELECT value FROM u1db_config WHERE name='replica_uid'")
-        self.assertEqual(('foo',), c.fetchone())
-        self.assertEqual('foo', self.db._real_replica_uid)
-        self.assertEqual('foo', self.db._replica_uid)
-        self.db._close_sqlite_handle()
-        self.assertEqual('foo', self.db._replica_uid)
-
-    def test__open_database(self):
-        temp_dir = self.createTempDir(prefix='u1db-test-')
-        path = temp_dir + '/test.sqlite'
-        SQLCipherDatabase(path, PASSWORD)
-        db2 = SQLCipherDatabase._open_database(path, PASSWORD)
-        self.assertIsInstance(db2, SQLCipherDatabase)
-
-    def test__open_database_with_factory(self):
-        temp_dir = self.createTempDir(prefix='u1db-test-')
-        path = temp_dir + '/test.sqlite'
-        SQLCipherDatabase(path, PASSWORD)
-        db2 = SQLCipherDatabase._open_database(
-            path, PASSWORD,
-            document_factory=TestAlternativeDocument)
-        doc = db2.create_doc({})
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(doc, LeapDocument))
-
-    def test__open_database_non_existent(self):
-        temp_dir = self.createTempDir(prefix='u1db-test-')
-        path = temp_dir + '/non-existent.sqlite'
-        self.assertRaises(errors.DatabaseDoesNotExist,
-                          SQLCipherDatabase._open_database,
-                          path, PASSWORD)
-
-    def test__open_database_during_init(self):
-        temp_dir = self.createTempDir(prefix='u1db-test-')
-        path = temp_dir + '/initialised.db'
-        db = SQLCipherDatabase.__new__(
-            SQLCipherDatabase)
-        db._db_handle = dbapi2.connect(path)  # db is there but not yet init-ed
-        c = db._db_handle.cursor()
-        c.execute('PRAGMA key="%s"' % PASSWORD)
-        self.addCleanup(db.close)
-        observed = []
-
-        class SQLiteDatabaseTesting(SQLCipherDatabase):
-            WAIT_FOR_PARALLEL_INIT_HALF_INTERVAL = 0.1
-
-            @classmethod
-            def _which_index_storage(cls, c):
-                res = SQLCipherDatabase._which_index_storage(c)
-                db._ensure_schema()  # init db
-                observed.append(res[0])
-                return res
-
-        db2 = SQLiteDatabaseTesting._open_database(path, PASSWORD)
-        self.addCleanup(db2.close)
-        self.assertIsInstance(db2, SQLCipherDatabase)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [None,
-             SQLCipherDatabase._index_storage_value],
-            observed)
-
-    def test__open_database_invalid(self):
-        class SQLiteDatabaseTesting(SQLCipherDatabase):
-            WAIT_FOR_PARALLEL_INIT_HALF_INTERVAL = 0.1
-        temp_dir = self.createTempDir(prefix='u1db-test-')
-        path1 = temp_dir + '/invalid1.db'
-        with open(path1, 'wb') as f:
-            f.write("")
-        self.assertRaises(dbapi2.OperationalError,
-                          SQLiteDatabaseTesting._open_database, path1,
-                          PASSWORD)
-        with open(path1, 'wb') as f:
-            f.write("invalid")
-        self.assertRaises(dbapi2.DatabaseError,
-                          SQLiteDatabaseTesting._open_database, path1,
-                          PASSWORD)
-
-    def test_open_database_existing(self):
-        temp_dir = self.createTempDir(prefix='u1db-test-')
-        path = temp_dir + '/existing.sqlite'
-        SQLCipherDatabase(path, PASSWORD)
-        db2 = SQLCipherDatabase.open_database(path, PASSWORD, create=False)
-        self.assertIsInstance(db2, SQLCipherDatabase)
-
-    def test_open_database_with_factory(self):
-        temp_dir = self.createTempDir(prefix='u1db-test-')
-        path = temp_dir + '/existing.sqlite'
-        SQLCipherDatabase(path, PASSWORD)
-        db2 = SQLCipherDatabase.open_database(
-            path, PASSWORD, create=False,
-            document_factory=TestAlternativeDocument)
-        doc = db2.create_doc({})
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(doc, LeapDocument))
-
-    def test_open_database_create(self):
-        temp_dir = self.createTempDir(prefix='u1db-test-')
-        path = temp_dir + '/new.sqlite'
-        SQLCipherDatabase.open_database(path, PASSWORD, create=True)
-        db2 = SQLCipherDatabase.open_database(path, PASSWORD, create=False)
-        self.assertIsInstance(db2, SQLCipherDatabase)
-
-    def test_create_database_initializes_schema(self):
-        # This test had to be cloned because our implementation of SQLCipher
-        # backend is referenced with an index_storage_value that includes the
-        # word "encrypted". See u1db's sqlite_backend and our
-        # sqlcipher_backend for reference.
-        raw_db = self.db._get_sqlite_handle()
-        c = raw_db.cursor()
-        c.execute("SELECT * FROM u1db_config")
-        config = dict([(r[0], r[1]) for r in c.fetchall()])
-        self.assertEqual({'sql_schema': '0', 'replica_uid': 'test',
-                          'index_storage': 'expand referenced encrypted'},
-                         config)
-
-    def test_store_syncable(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(tests.simple_doc)
-        # assert that docs are syncable by default
-        self.assertEqual(True, doc.syncable)
-        # assert that we can store syncable = False
-        doc.syncable = False
-        self.db.put_doc(doc)
-        self.assertEqual(False, self.db.get_doc(doc.doc_id).syncable)
-        # assert that we can store syncable = True
-        doc.syncable = True
-        self.db.put_doc(doc)
-        self.assertEqual(True, self.db.get_doc(doc.doc_id).syncable)
-
-
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# The following tests come from `u1db.tests.test_open`.
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-class SQLCipherOpen(test_open.TestU1DBOpen):
-
-    def test_open_no_create(self):
-        self.assertRaises(errors.DatabaseDoesNotExist,
-                          u1db_open, self.db_path,
-                          password=PASSWORD,
-                          create=False)
-        self.assertFalse(os.path.exists(self.db_path))
-
-    def test_open_create(self):
-        db = u1db_open(self.db_path, password=PASSWORD, create=True)
-        self.addCleanup(db.close)
-        self.assertTrue(os.path.exists(self.db_path))
-        self.assertIsInstance(db, SQLCipherDatabase)
-
-    def test_open_with_factory(self):
-        db = u1db_open(self.db_path, password=PASSWORD, create=True,
-                       document_factory=TestAlternativeDocument)
-        self.addCleanup(db.close)
-        doc = db.create_doc({})
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(doc, LeapDocument))
-
-    def test_open_existing(self):
-        db = SQLCipherDatabase(self.db_path, PASSWORD)
-        self.addCleanup(db.close)
-        doc = db.create_doc_from_json(tests.simple_doc)
-        # Even though create=True, we shouldn't wipe the db
-        db2 = u1db_open(self.db_path, password=PASSWORD, create=True)
-        self.addCleanup(db2.close)
-        doc2 = db2.get_doc(doc.doc_id)
-        self.assertEqual(doc, doc2)
-
-    def test_open_existing_no_create(self):
-        db = SQLCipherDatabase(self.db_path, PASSWORD)
-        self.addCleanup(db.close)
-        db2 = u1db_open(self.db_path, password=PASSWORD, create=False)
-        self.addCleanup(db2.close)
-        self.assertIsInstance(db2, SQLCipherDatabase)
-
-
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# The following tests come from `u1db.tests.test_sync`.
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-sync_scenarios = []
-for name, scenario in SQLCIPHER_SCENARIOS:
-    scenario = dict(scenario)
-    scenario['do_sync'] = test_sync.sync_via_synchronizer
-    sync_scenarios.append((name, scenario))
-    scenario = dict(scenario)
-
-
-def sync_via_synchronizer_and_leap(test, db_source, db_target,
-                                   trace_hook=None, trace_hook_shallow=None):
-    if trace_hook:
-        test.skipTest("full trace hook unsupported over http")
-    path = test._http_at[db_target]
-    target = LeapSyncTarget.connect(test.getURL(path), test._soledad._crypto)
-    target.set_token_credentials('user-uuid', 'auth-token')
-    if trace_hook_shallow:
-        target._set_trace_hook_shallow(trace_hook_shallow)
-    return sync.Synchronizer(db_source, target).sync()
-
-
-sync_scenarios.append(('pyleap', {
-    'make_database_for_test': test_sync.make_database_for_http_test,
-    'copy_database_for_test': test_sync.copy_database_for_http_test,
-    'make_document_for_test': make_document_for_test,
-    'make_app_with_state': tests.test_remote_sync_target.make_http_app,
-    'do_sync': sync_via_synchronizer_and_leap,
-}))
-
-
-class SQLCipherDatabaseSyncTests(
-        test_sync.DatabaseSyncTests, BaseSoledadTest):
-    """
-    Test for succesfull sync between SQLCipher and LeapBackend.
-
-    Some of the tests in this class had to be adapted because the remote
-    backend always receive encrypted content, and so it can not rely on
-    document's content comparison to try to autoresolve conflicts.
-    """
-
-    scenarios = sync_scenarios
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        test_sync.DatabaseSyncTests.setUp(self)
-        BaseSoledadTest.setUp(self)
-
-    def tearDown(self):
-        test_sync.DatabaseSyncTests.tearDown(self)
-        BaseSoledadTest.tearDown(self)
-
-    def test_sync_autoresolves(self):
-        """
-        Test for sync autoresolve remote.
-
-        This test was adapted because the remote database receives encrypted
-        content and so it can't compare documents contents to autoresolve.
-        """
-        # The remote database can't autoresolve conflicts based on magic
-        # content convergence, so we modify this test to leave the possibility
-        # of the remode document ending up in conflicted state.
-        self.db1 = self.create_database('test1', 'source')
-        self.db2 = self.create_database('test2', 'target')
-        doc1 = self.db1.create_doc_from_json(tests.simple_doc, doc_id='doc')
-        rev1 = doc1.rev
-        doc2 = self.db2.create_doc_from_json(tests.simple_doc, doc_id='doc')
-        rev2 = doc2.rev
-        self.sync(self.db1, self.db2)
-        doc = self.db1.get_doc('doc')
-        self.assertFalse(doc.has_conflicts)
-        # if remote content is in conflicted state, then document revisions
-        # will be different.
-        #self.assertEqual(doc.rev, self.db2.get_doc('doc').rev)
-        v = vectorclock.VectorClockRev(doc.rev)
-        self.assertTrue(v.is_newer(vectorclock.VectorClockRev(rev1)))
-        self.assertTrue(v.is_newer(vectorclock.VectorClockRev(rev2)))
-
-    def test_sync_autoresolves_moar(self):
-        """
-        Test for sync autoresolve local.
-
-        This test was adapted to decrypt remote content before assert.
-        """
-        # here we test that when a database that has a conflicted document is
-        # the source of a sync, and the target database has a revision of the
-        # conflicted document that is newer than the source database's, and
-        # that target's database's document's content is the same as the
-        # source's document's conflict's, the source's document's conflict gets
-        # autoresolved, and the source's document's revision bumped.
-        #
-        # idea is as follows:
-        # A          B
-        # a1         -
-        #   `------->
-        # a1         a1
-        # v          v
-        # a2         a1b1
-        #   `------->
-        # a1b1+a2    a1b1
-        #            v
-        # a1b1+a2    a1b2 (a1b2 has same content as a2)
-        #   `------->
-        # a3b2       a1b2 (autoresolved)
-        #   `------->
-        # a3b2       a3b2
-        self.db1 = self.create_database('test1', 'source')
-        self.db2 = self.create_database('test2', 'target')
-        self.db1.create_doc_from_json(tests.simple_doc, doc_id='doc')
-        self.sync(self.db1, self.db2)
-        for db, content in [(self.db1, '{}'), (self.db2, '{"hi": 42}')]:
-            doc = db.get_doc('doc')
-            doc.set_json(content)
-            db.put_doc(doc)
-        self.sync(self.db1, self.db2)
-        # db1 and db2 now both have a doc of {hi:42}, but db1 has a conflict
-        doc = self.db1.get_doc('doc')
-        rev1 = doc.rev
-        self.assertTrue(doc.has_conflicts)
-        # set db2 to have a doc of {} (same as db1 before the conflict)
-        doc = self.db2.get_doc('doc')
-        doc.set_json('{}')
-        self.db2.put_doc(doc)
-        rev2 = doc.rev
-        # sync it across
-        self.sync(self.db1, self.db2)
-        # tadaa!
-        doc = self.db1.get_doc('doc')
-        self.assertFalse(doc.has_conflicts)
-        vec1 = vectorclock.VectorClockRev(rev1)
-        vec2 = vectorclock.VectorClockRev(rev2)
-        vec3 = vectorclock.VectorClockRev(doc.rev)
-        self.assertTrue(vec3.is_newer(vec1))
-        self.assertTrue(vec3.is_newer(vec2))
-        # because the conflict is on the source, sync it another time
-        self.sync(self.db1, self.db2)
-        # make sure db2 now has the exact same thing
-        doc1 = self.db1.get_doc('doc')
-        self.assertGetEncryptedDoc(
-            self.db2,
-            doc1.doc_id, doc1.rev, doc1.get_json(), False)
-
-    def test_sync_autoresolves_moar_backwards(self):
-        # here we would test that when a database that has a conflicted
-        # document is the target of a sync, and the source database has a
-        # revision of the conflicted document that is newer than the target
-        # database's, and that source's database's document's content is the
-        # same as the target's document's conflict's, the target's document's
-        # conflict gets autoresolved, and the document's revision bumped.
-        #
-        # Despite that, in Soledad we suppose that the server never syncs, so
-        # it never has conflicted documents. Also, if it had, convergence
-        # would not be possible by checking document's contents because they
-        # would be encrypted in server.
-        #
-        # Therefore we suppress this test.
-        pass
-
-    def test_sync_autoresolves_moar_backwards_three(self):
-        # here we would test that when a database that has a conflicted
-        # document is the target of a sync, and the source database has a
-        # revision of the conflicted document that is newer than the target
-        # database's, and that source's database's document's content is the
-        # same as the target's document's conflict's, the target's document's
-        # conflict gets autoresolved, and the document's revision bumped.
-        #
-        # We use the same reasoning from the last test to suppress this one.
-        pass
-
-    def test_sync_propagates_resolution(self):
-        """
-        Test if synchronization propagates resolution.
-
-        This test was adapted to decrypt remote content before assert.
-        """
-        self.db1 = self.create_database('test1', 'both')
-        self.db2 = self.create_database('test2', 'both')
-        doc1 = self.db1.create_doc_from_json('{"a": 1}', doc_id='the-doc')
-        db3 = self.create_database('test3', 'both')
-        self.sync(self.db2, self.db1)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            self.db1._get_generation_info(),
-            self.db2._get_replica_gen_and_trans_id(self.db1._replica_uid))
-        self.assertEqual(
-            self.db2._get_generation_info(),
-            self.db1._get_replica_gen_and_trans_id(self.db2._replica_uid))
-        self.sync(db3, self.db1)
-        # update on 2
-        doc2 = self.make_document('the-doc', doc1.rev, '{"a": 2}')
-        self.db2.put_doc(doc2)
-        self.sync(self.db2, db3)
-        self.assertEqual(db3.get_doc('the-doc').rev, doc2.rev)
-        # update on 1
-        doc1.set_json('{"a": 3}')
-        self.db1.put_doc(doc1)
-        # conflicts
-        self.sync(self.db2, self.db1)
-        self.sync(db3, self.db1)
-        self.assertTrue(self.db2.get_doc('the-doc').has_conflicts)
-        self.assertTrue(db3.get_doc('the-doc').has_conflicts)
-        # resolve
-        conflicts = self.db2.get_doc_conflicts('the-doc')
-        doc4 = self.make_document('the-doc', None, '{"a": 4}')
-        revs = [doc.rev for doc in conflicts]
-        self.db2.resolve_doc(doc4, revs)
-        doc2 = self.db2.get_doc('the-doc')
-        self.assertEqual(doc4.get_json(), doc2.get_json())
-        self.assertFalse(doc2.has_conflicts)
-        self.sync(self.db2, db3)
-        doc3 = db3.get_doc('the-doc')
-        if ENC_SCHEME_KEY in doc3.content:
-            doc3.set_json(decrypt_doc(self._soledad._crypto, doc3))
-        self.assertEqual(doc4.get_json(), doc3.get_json())
-        self.assertFalse(doc3.has_conflicts)
-
-    def test_sync_puts_changes(self):
-        """
-        Test if sync puts changes in remote replica.
-
-        This test was adapted to decrypt remote content before assert.
-        """
-        self.db1 = self.create_database('test1', 'source')
-        self.db2 = self.create_database('test2', 'target')
-        doc = self.db1.create_doc_from_json(tests.simple_doc)
-        self.assertEqual(1, self.sync(self.db1, self.db2))
-        self.assertGetEncryptedDoc(
-            self.db2, doc.doc_id, doc.rev, tests.simple_doc, False)
-        self.assertEqual(1, self.db1._get_replica_gen_and_trans_id('test2')[0])
-        self.assertEqual(1, self.db2._get_replica_gen_and_trans_id('test1')[0])
-        self.assertLastExchangeLog(
-            self.db2,
-            {'receive': {'docs': [(doc.doc_id, doc.rev)],
-                         'source_uid': 'test1',
-                         'source_gen': 1, 'last_known_gen': 0},
-             'return': {'docs': [], 'last_gen': 1}})
-
-
-def _make_local_db_and_leap_target(test, path='test'):
-    test.startServer()
-    db = test.request_state._create_database(os.path.basename(path))
-    st = LeapSyncTarget.connect(test.getURL(path), test._soledad._crypto)
-    st.set_token_credentials('user-uuid', 'auth-token')
-    return db, st
-
-
-target_scenarios = [
-    ('leap', {
-        'create_db_and_target': _make_local_db_and_leap_target,
-        'make_app_with_state': tests.test_remote_sync_target.make_http_app}),
-]
-
-
-class SQLCipherSyncTargetTests(
-        test_sync.DatabaseSyncTargetTests, BaseSoledadTest):
-
-    scenarios = (tests.multiply_scenarios(SQLCIPHER_SCENARIOS,
-                                          target_scenarios))
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        test_sync.DatabaseSyncTargetTests.setUp(self)
-        BaseSoledadTest.setUp(self)
-
-    def tearDown(self):
-        test_sync.DatabaseSyncTargetTests.tearDown(self)
-        BaseSoledadTest.tearDown(self)
-
-    def test_sync_exchange(self):
-        """
-        Modified to account for possibly receiving encrypted documents from
-        sever-side.
-        """
-        docs_by_gen = [
-            (self.make_document('doc-id', 'replica:1', tests.simple_doc), 10,
-             'T-sid')]
-        new_gen, trans_id = self.st.sync_exchange(
-            docs_by_gen, 'replica', last_known_generation=0,
-            last_known_trans_id=None, return_doc_cb=self.receive_doc)
-        self.assertGetEncryptedDoc(
-            self.db, 'doc-id', 'replica:1', tests.simple_doc, False)
-        self.assertTransactionLog(['doc-id'], self.db)
-        last_trans_id = self.getLastTransId(self.db)
-        self.assertEqual(([], 1, last_trans_id),
-                         (self.other_changes, new_gen, last_trans_id))
-        self.assertEqual(10, self.st.get_sync_info('replica')[3])
-
-    def test_sync_exchange_push_many(self):
-        """
-        Modified to account for possibly receiving encrypted documents from
-        sever-side.
-        """
-        docs_by_gen = [
-            (self.make_document(
-                'doc-id', 'replica:1', tests.simple_doc), 10, 'T-1'),
-            (self.make_document('doc-id2', 'replica:1', tests.nested_doc), 11,
-             'T-2')]
-        new_gen, trans_id = self.st.sync_exchange(
-            docs_by_gen, 'replica', last_known_generation=0,
-            last_known_trans_id=None, return_doc_cb=self.receive_doc)
-        self.assertGetEncryptedDoc(
-            self.db, 'doc-id', 'replica:1', tests.simple_doc, False)
-        self.assertGetEncryptedDoc(
-            self.db, 'doc-id2', 'replica:1', tests.nested_doc, False)
-        self.assertTransactionLog(['doc-id', 'doc-id2'], self.db)
-        last_trans_id = self.getLastTransId(self.db)
-        self.assertEqual(([], 2, last_trans_id),
-                         (self.other_changes, new_gen, trans_id))
-        self.assertEqual(11, self.st.get_sync_info('replica')[3])
-
-    def test_sync_exchange_returns_many_new_docs(self):
-        """
-        Modified to account for JSON serialization differences.
-        """
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(tests.simple_doc)
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(tests.nested_doc)
-        self.assertTransactionLog([doc.doc_id, doc2.doc_id], self.db)
-        new_gen, _ = self.st.sync_exchange(
-            [], 'other-replica', last_known_generation=0,
-            last_known_trans_id=None, return_doc_cb=self.receive_doc)
-        self.assertTransactionLog([doc.doc_id, doc2.doc_id], self.db)
-        self.assertEqual(2, new_gen)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [(doc.doc_id, doc.rev, 1),
-             (doc2.doc_id, doc2.rev, 2)],
-            [c[:2] + c[3:4] for c in self.other_changes])
-        self.assertEqual(
-            json.dumps(tests.simple_doc),
-            json.dumps(self.other_changes[0][2]))
-        self.assertEqual(
-            json.loads(tests.nested_doc),
-            json.loads(self.other_changes[1][2]))
-        if self.whitebox:
-            self.assertEqual(
-                self.db._last_exchange_log['return'],
-                {'last_gen': 2, 'docs':
-                 [(doc.doc_id, doc.rev), (doc2.doc_id, doc2.rev)]})
-
-
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Tests for actual encryption of the database
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-class SQLCipherEncryptionTest(BaseLeapTest):
-    """
-    Tests to guarantee SQLCipher is indeed encrypting data when storing.
-    """
-
-    def _delete_dbfiles(self):
-        for dbfile in [self.DB_FILE]:
-            if os.path.exists(dbfile):
-                os.unlink(dbfile)
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        self.DB_FILE = os.path.join(self.tempdir, 'test.db')
-        self._delete_dbfiles()
-
-    def tearDown(self):
-        self._delete_dbfiles()
-
-    def test_try_to_open_encrypted_db_with_sqlite_backend(self):
-        """
-        SQLite backend should not succeed to open SQLCipher databases.
-        """
-        db = SQLCipherDatabase(self.DB_FILE, PASSWORD)
-        doc = db.create_doc_from_json(tests.simple_doc)
-        db.close()
-        try:
-            # trying to open an encrypted database with the regular u1db
-            # backend should raise a DatabaseError exception.
-            SQLitePartialExpandDatabase(self.DB_FILE,
-                                        document_factory=LeapDocument)
-            raise DatabaseIsNotEncrypted()
-        except dbapi2.DatabaseError:
-            # at this point we know that the regular U1DB sqlcipher backend
-            # did not succeed on opening the database, so it was indeed
-            # encrypted.
-            db = SQLCipherDatabase(self.DB_FILE, PASSWORD)
-            doc = db.get_doc(doc.doc_id)
-            self.assertEqual(tests.simple_doc, doc.get_json(),
-                             'decrypted content mismatch')
-
-    def test_try_to_open_raw_db_with_sqlcipher_backend(self):
-        """
-        SQLCipher backend should not succeed to open unencrypted databases.
-        """
-        db = SQLitePartialExpandDatabase(self.DB_FILE,
-                                         document_factory=LeapDocument)
-        db.create_doc_from_json(tests.simple_doc)
-        db.close()
-        try:
-            # trying to open the a non-encrypted database with sqlcipher
-            # backend should raise a DatabaseIsNotEncrypted exception.
-            SQLCipherDatabase(self.DB_FILE, PASSWORD)
-            raise db1pi2.DatabaseError(
-                "SQLCipher backend should not be able to open non-encrypted "
-                "dbs.")
-        except DatabaseIsNotEncrypted:
-            pass
-
-
-load_tests = tests.load_with_scenarios
diff --git a/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/README b/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/README
deleted file mode 100644
index 605f01fa..00000000
--- a/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/README
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
-General info
-------------
-
-Test files in this directory are derived from u1db-0.1.4 tests. The main
-difference is that:
-
-  (1) they include the test infrastructure packed with soledad; and
-  (2) they do not include c_backend_wrapper testing.
-
-Dependencies
-------------
-
-u1db tests depend on the following python packages:
-
-  nose2
-  unittest2
-  mercurial
-  hgtools
-  testtools
-  discover
-  oauth
-  testscenarios
-  dirspec
-  paste
-  routes
-  simplejson
-  cython
-
-Running tests
--------------
-
-Use nose2 to run tests:
-
-  nose2 leap.soledad.tests.u1db_tests
diff --git a/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/__init__.py b/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/__init__.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 43304b43..00000000
--- a/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/__init__.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,421 +0,0 @@
-# Copyright 2011-2012 Canonical Ltd.
-#
-# This file is part of u1db.
-#
-# u1db is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License version 3
-# as published by the Free Software Foundation.
-#
-# u1db is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-# GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
-#
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
-# along with u1db.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-"""Test infrastructure for U1DB"""
-
-import copy
-import shutil
-import socket
-import tempfile
-import threading
-
-try:
-    import simplejson as json
-except ImportError:
-    import json  # noqa
-
-from wsgiref import simple_server
-
-from oauth import oauth
-from pysqlcipher import dbapi2
-from StringIO import StringIO
-
-import testscenarios
-import testtools
-
-from u1db import (
-    errors,
-    Document,
-)
-from u1db.backends import (
-    inmemory,
-    sqlite_backend,
-)
-from u1db.remote import (
-    server_state,
-)
-
-
-class TestCase(testtools.TestCase):
-
-    def createTempDir(self, prefix='u1db-tmp-'):
-        """Create a temporary directory to do some work in.
-
-        This directory will be scheduled for cleanup when the test ends.
-        """
-        tempdir = tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix=prefix)
-        self.addCleanup(shutil.rmtree, tempdir)
-        return tempdir
-
-    def make_document(self, doc_id, doc_rev, content, has_conflicts=False):
-        return self.make_document_for_test(
-            self, doc_id, doc_rev, content, has_conflicts)
-
-    def make_document_for_test(self, test, doc_id, doc_rev, content,
-                               has_conflicts):
-        return make_document_for_test(
-            test, doc_id, doc_rev, content, has_conflicts)
-
-    def assertGetDoc(self, db, doc_id, doc_rev, content, has_conflicts):
-        """Assert that the document in the database looks correct."""
-        exp_doc = self.make_document(doc_id, doc_rev, content,
-                                     has_conflicts=has_conflicts)
-        self.assertEqual(exp_doc, db.get_doc(doc_id))
-
-    def assertGetDocIncludeDeleted(self, db, doc_id, doc_rev, content,
-                                   has_conflicts):
-        """Assert that the document in the database looks correct."""
-        exp_doc = self.make_document(doc_id, doc_rev, content,
-                                     has_conflicts=has_conflicts)
-        self.assertEqual(exp_doc, db.get_doc(doc_id, include_deleted=True))
-
-    def assertGetDocConflicts(self, db, doc_id, conflicts):
-        """Assert what conflicts are stored for a given doc_id.
-
-        :param conflicts: A list of (doc_rev, content) pairs.
-            The first item must match the first item returned from the
-            database, however the rest can be returned in any order.
-        """
-        if conflicts:
-            conflicts = [(rev,
-                          (json.loads(cont) if isinstance(cont, basestring)
-                           else cont)) for (rev, cont) in conflicts]
-            conflicts = conflicts[:1] + sorted(conflicts[1:])
-        actual = db.get_doc_conflicts(doc_id)
-        if actual:
-            actual = [
-                (doc.rev, (json.loads(doc.get_json())
-                           if doc.get_json() is not None else None))
-                for doc in actual]
-            actual = actual[:1] + sorted(actual[1:])
-        self.assertEqual(conflicts, actual)
-
-
-def multiply_scenarios(a_scenarios, b_scenarios):
-    """Create the cross-product of scenarios."""
-
-    all_scenarios = []
-    for a_name, a_attrs in a_scenarios:
-        for b_name, b_attrs in b_scenarios:
-            name = '%s,%s' % (a_name, b_name)
-            attrs = dict(a_attrs)
-            attrs.update(b_attrs)
-            all_scenarios.append((name, attrs))
-    return all_scenarios
-
-
-simple_doc = '{"key": "value"}'
-nested_doc = '{"key": "value", "sub": {"doc": "underneath"}}'
-
-
-def make_memory_database_for_test(test, replica_uid):
-    return inmemory.InMemoryDatabase(replica_uid)
-
-
-def copy_memory_database_for_test(test, db):
-    # DO NOT COPY OR REUSE THIS CODE OUTSIDE TESTS: COPYING U1DB DATABASES IS
-    # THE WRONG THING TO DO, THE ONLY REASON WE DO SO HERE IS TO TEST THAT WE
-    # CORRECTLY DETECT IT HAPPENING SO THAT WE CAN RAISE ERRORS RATHER THAN
-    # CORRUPT USER DATA. USE SYNC INSTEAD, OR WE WILL SEND NINJA TO YOUR
-    # HOUSE.
-    new_db = inmemory.InMemoryDatabase(db._replica_uid)
-    new_db._transaction_log = db._transaction_log[:]
-    new_db._docs = copy.deepcopy(db._docs)
-    new_db._conflicts = copy.deepcopy(db._conflicts)
-    new_db._indexes = copy.deepcopy(db._indexes)
-    new_db._factory = db._factory
-    return new_db
-
-
-def make_sqlite_partial_expanded_for_test(test, replica_uid):
-    db = sqlite_backend.SQLitePartialExpandDatabase(':memory:')
-    db._set_replica_uid(replica_uid)
-    return db
-
-
-def copy_sqlite_partial_expanded_for_test(test, db):
-    # DO NOT COPY OR REUSE THIS CODE OUTSIDE TESTS: COPYING U1DB DATABASES IS
-    # THE WRONG THING TO DO, THE ONLY REASON WE DO SO HERE IS TO TEST THAT WE
-    # CORRECTLY DETECT IT HAPPENING SO THAT WE CAN RAISE ERRORS RATHER THAN
-    # CORRUPT USER DATA. USE SYNC INSTEAD, OR WE WILL SEND NINJA TO YOUR
-    # HOUSE.
-    new_db = sqlite_backend.SQLitePartialExpandDatabase(':memory:')
-    tmpfile = StringIO()
-    for line in db._db_handle.iterdump():
-        if not 'sqlite_sequence' in line:  # work around bug in iterdump
-            tmpfile.write('%s\n' % line)
-    tmpfile.seek(0)
-    new_db._db_handle = dbapi2.connect(':memory:')
-    new_db._db_handle.cursor().executescript(tmpfile.read())
-    new_db._db_handle.commit()
-    new_db._set_replica_uid(db._replica_uid)
-    new_db._factory = db._factory
-    return new_db
-
-
-def make_document_for_test(test, doc_id, rev, content, has_conflicts=False):
-    return Document(doc_id, rev, content, has_conflicts=has_conflicts)
-
-
-LOCAL_DATABASES_SCENARIOS = [
-    ('mem', {'make_database_for_test': make_memory_database_for_test,
-             'copy_database_for_test': copy_memory_database_for_test,
-             'make_document_for_test': make_document_for_test}),
-    ('sql', {'make_database_for_test':
-             make_sqlite_partial_expanded_for_test,
-             'copy_database_for_test':
-             copy_sqlite_partial_expanded_for_test,
-             'make_document_for_test': make_document_for_test}),
-]
-
-
-class DatabaseBaseTests(TestCase):
-
-    accept_fixed_trans_id = False  # set to True assertTransactionLog
-                                   # is happy with all trans ids = ''
-
-    scenarios = LOCAL_DATABASES_SCENARIOS
-
-    def create_database(self, replica_uid):
-        return self.make_database_for_test(self, replica_uid)
-
-    def copy_database(self, db):
-        # DO NOT COPY OR REUSE THIS CODE OUTSIDE TESTS: COPYING U1DB DATABASES
-        # IS THE WRONG THING TO DO, THE ONLY REASON WE DO SO HERE IS TO TEST
-        # THAT WE CORRECTLY DETECT IT HAPPENING SO THAT WE CAN RAISE ERRORS
-        # RATHER THAN CORRUPT USER DATA. USE SYNC INSTEAD, OR WE WILL SEND
-        # NINJA TO YOUR HOUSE.
-        return self.copy_database_for_test(self, db)
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        super(DatabaseBaseTests, self).setUp()
-        self.db = self.create_database('test')
-
-    def tearDown(self):
-        # TODO: Add close_database parameterization
-        # self.close_database(self.db)
-        super(DatabaseBaseTests, self).tearDown()
-
-    def assertTransactionLog(self, doc_ids, db):
-        """Assert that the given docs are in the transaction log."""
-        log = db._get_transaction_log()
-        just_ids = []
-        seen_transactions = set()
-        for doc_id, transaction_id in log:
-            just_ids.append(doc_id)
-            self.assertIsNot(None, transaction_id,
-                             "Transaction id should not be None")
-            if transaction_id == '' and self.accept_fixed_trans_id:
-                continue
-            self.assertNotEqual('', transaction_id,
-                                "Transaction id should be a unique string")
-            self.assertTrue(transaction_id.startswith('T-'))
-            self.assertNotIn(transaction_id, seen_transactions)
-            seen_transactions.add(transaction_id)
-        self.assertEqual(doc_ids, just_ids)
-
-    def getLastTransId(self, db):
-        """Return the transaction id for the last database update."""
-        return self.db._get_transaction_log()[-1][-1]
-
-
-class ServerStateForTests(server_state.ServerState):
-    """Used in the test suite, so we don't have to touch disk, etc."""
-
-    def __init__(self):
-        super(ServerStateForTests, self).__init__()
-        self._dbs = {}
-
-    def open_database(self, path):
-        try:
-            return self._dbs[path]
-        except KeyError:
-            raise errors.DatabaseDoesNotExist
-
-    def check_database(self, path):
-        # cares only about the possible exception
-        self.open_database(path)
-
-    def ensure_database(self, path):
-        try:
-            db = self.open_database(path)
-        except errors.DatabaseDoesNotExist:
-            db = self._create_database(path)
-        return db, db._replica_uid
-
-    def _copy_database(self, db):
-        # DO NOT COPY OR REUSE THIS CODE OUTSIDE TESTS: COPYING U1DB DATABASES
-        # IS THE WRONG THING TO DO, THE ONLY REASON WE DO SO HERE IS TO TEST
-        # THAT WE CORRECTLY DETECT IT HAPPENING SO THAT WE CAN RAISE ERRORS
-        # RATHER THAN CORRUPT USER DATA. USE SYNC INSTEAD, OR WE WILL SEND
-        # NINJA TO YOUR HOUSE.
-        new_db = copy_memory_database_for_test(None, db)
-        path = db._replica_uid
-        while path in self._dbs:
-            path += 'copy'
-        self._dbs[path] = new_db
-        return new_db
-
-    def _create_database(self, path):
-        db = inmemory.InMemoryDatabase(path)
-        self._dbs[path] = db
-        return db
-
-    def delete_database(self, path):
-        del self._dbs[path]
-
-
-class ResponderForTests(object):
-    """Responder for tests."""
-    _started = False
-    sent_response = False
-    status = None
-
-    def start_response(self, status='success', **kwargs):
-        self._started = True
-        self.status = status
-        self.kwargs = kwargs
-
-    def send_response(self, status='success', **kwargs):
-        self.start_response(status, **kwargs)
-        self.finish_response()
-
-    def finish_response(self):
-        self.sent_response = True
-
-
-class TestCaseWithServer(TestCase):
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def server_def():
-        # hook point
-        # should return (ServerClass, "shutdown method name", "url_scheme")
-        class _RequestHandler(simple_server.WSGIRequestHandler):
-            def log_request(*args):
-                pass  # suppress
-
-        def make_server(host_port, application):
-            assert application, "forgot to override make_app(_with_state)?"
-            srv = simple_server.WSGIServer(host_port, _RequestHandler)
-            # patch the value in if it's None
-            if getattr(application, 'base_url', 1) is None:
-                application.base_url = "http://%s:%s" % srv.server_address
-            srv.set_app(application)
-            return srv
-
-        return make_server, "shutdown", "http"
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def make_app_with_state(state):
-        # hook point
-        return None
-
-    def make_app(self):
-        # potential hook point
-        self.request_state = ServerStateForTests()
-        return self.make_app_with_state(self.request_state)
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        super(TestCaseWithServer, self).setUp()
-        self.server = self.server_thread = None
-
-    @property
-    def url_scheme(self):
-        return self.server_def()[-1]
-
-    def startServer(self):
-        server_def = self.server_def()
-        server_class, shutdown_meth, _ = server_def
-        application = self.make_app()
-        self.server = server_class(('127.0.0.1', 0), application)
-        self.server_thread = threading.Thread(target=self.server.serve_forever,
-                                              kwargs=dict(poll_interval=0.01))
-        self.server_thread.start()
-        self.addCleanup(self.server_thread.join)
-        self.addCleanup(getattr(self.server, shutdown_meth))
-
-    def getURL(self, path=None):
-        host, port = self.server.server_address
-        if path is None:
-            path = ''
-        return '%s://%s:%s/%s' % (self.url_scheme, host, port, path)
-
-
-def socket_pair():
-    """Return a pair of TCP sockets connected to each other.
-
-    Unlike socket.socketpair, this should work on Windows.
-    """
-    sock_pair = getattr(socket, 'socket_pair', None)
-    if sock_pair:
-        return sock_pair(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
-    listen_sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
-    listen_sock.bind(('127.0.0.1', 0))
-    listen_sock.listen(1)
-    client_sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
-    client_sock.connect(listen_sock.getsockname())
-    server_sock, addr = listen_sock.accept()
-    listen_sock.close()
-    return server_sock, client_sock
-
-
-# OAuth related testing
-
-consumer1 = oauth.OAuthConsumer('K1', 'S1')
-token1 = oauth.OAuthToken('kkkk1', 'XYZ')
-consumer2 = oauth.OAuthConsumer('K2', 'S2')
-token2 = oauth.OAuthToken('kkkk2', 'ZYX')
-token3 = oauth.OAuthToken('kkkk3', 'ZYX')
-
-
-class TestingOAuthDataStore(oauth.OAuthDataStore):
-    """In memory predefined OAuthDataStore for testing."""
-
-    consumers = {
-        consumer1.key: consumer1,
-        consumer2.key: consumer2,
-    }
-
-    tokens = {
-        token1.key: token1,
-        token2.key: token2
-    }
-
-    def lookup_consumer(self, key):
-        return self.consumers.get(key)
-
-    def lookup_token(self, token_type, token_token):
-        return self.tokens.get(token_token)
-
-    def lookup_nonce(self, oauth_consumer, oauth_token, nonce):
-        return None
-
-testingOAuthStore = TestingOAuthDataStore()
-
-sign_meth_HMAC_SHA1 = oauth.OAuthSignatureMethod_HMAC_SHA1()
-sign_meth_PLAINTEXT = oauth.OAuthSignatureMethod_PLAINTEXT()
-
-
-def load_with_scenarios(loader, standard_tests, pattern):
-    """Load the tests in a given module.
-
-    This just applies testscenarios.generate_scenarios to all the tests that
-    are present. We do it at load time rather than at run time, because it
-    plays nicer with various tools.
-    """
-    suite = loader.suiteClass()
-    suite.addTests(testscenarios.generate_scenarios(standard_tests))
-    return suite
diff --git a/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/test_backends.py b/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/test_backends.py
deleted file mode 100644
index a53b01ba..00000000
--- a/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/test_backends.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1907 +0,0 @@
-# Copyright 2011 Canonical Ltd.
-#
-# This file is part of u1db.
-#
-# u1db is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License version 3
-# as published by the Free Software Foundation.
-#
-# u1db is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-# GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
-#
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
-# along with u1db.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-"""The backend class for U1DB. This deals with hiding storage details."""
-
-try:
-    import simplejson as json
-except ImportError:
-    import json  # noqa
-from u1db import (
-    DocumentBase,
-    errors,
-    vectorclock,
-)
-
-from leap.soledad.tests import u1db_tests as tests
-
-simple_doc = tests.simple_doc
-nested_doc = tests.nested_doc
-
-from leap.soledad.tests.u1db_tests.test_remote_sync_target import (
-    make_http_app,
-    make_oauth_http_app,
-)
-
-from u1db.remote import (
-    http_database,
-)
-
-
-def make_http_database_for_test(test, replica_uid, path='test'):
-    test.startServer()
-    test.request_state._create_database(replica_uid)
-    return http_database.HTTPDatabase(test.getURL(path))
-
-
-def copy_http_database_for_test(test, db):
-    # DO NOT COPY OR REUSE THIS CODE OUTSIDE TESTS: COPYING U1DB DATABASES IS
-    # THE WRONG THING TO DO, THE ONLY REASON WE DO SO HERE IS TO TEST THAT WE
-    # CORRECTLY DETECT IT HAPPENING SO THAT WE CAN RAISE ERRORS RATHER THAN
-    # CORRUPT USER DATA. USE SYNC INSTEAD, OR WE WILL SEND NINJA TO YOUR
-    # HOUSE.
-    return test.request_state._copy_database(db)
-
-
-def make_oauth_http_database_for_test(test, replica_uid):
-    http_db = make_http_database_for_test(test, replica_uid, '~/test')
-    http_db.set_oauth_credentials(tests.consumer1.key, tests.consumer1.secret,
-                                  tests.token1.key, tests.token1.secret)
-    return http_db
-
-
-def copy_oauth_http_database_for_test(test, db):
-    # DO NOT COPY OR REUSE THIS CODE OUTSIDE TESTS: COPYING U1DB DATABASES IS
-    # THE WRONG THING TO DO, THE ONLY REASON WE DO SO HERE IS TO TEST THAT WE
-    # CORRECTLY DETECT IT HAPPENING SO THAT WE CAN RAISE ERRORS RATHER THAN
-    # CORRUPT USER DATA. USE SYNC INSTEAD, OR WE WILL SEND NINJA TO YOUR
-    # HOUSE.
-    http_db = test.request_state._copy_database(db)
-    http_db.set_oauth_credentials(tests.consumer1.key, tests.consumer1.secret,
-                                  tests.token1.key, tests.token1.secret)
-    return http_db
-
-
-class TestAlternativeDocument(DocumentBase):
-    """A (not very) alternative implementation of Document."""
-
-
-class AllDatabaseTests(tests.DatabaseBaseTests, tests.TestCaseWithServer):
-
-    scenarios = tests.LOCAL_DATABASES_SCENARIOS + [
-        ('http', {'make_database_for_test': make_http_database_for_test,
-                  'copy_database_for_test': copy_http_database_for_test,
-                  'make_document_for_test': tests.make_document_for_test,
-                  'make_app_with_state': make_http_app}),
-        ('oauth_http', {'make_database_for_test':
-                        make_oauth_http_database_for_test,
-                        'copy_database_for_test':
-                        copy_oauth_http_database_for_test,
-                        'make_document_for_test': tests.make_document_for_test,
-                        'make_app_with_state': make_oauth_http_app})
-    ]
-
-    def test_close(self):
-        self.db.close()
-
-    def test_create_doc_allocating_doc_id(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.assertNotEqual(None, doc.doc_id)
-        self.assertNotEqual(None, doc.rev)
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db, doc.doc_id, doc.rev, simple_doc, False)
-
-    def test_create_doc_different_ids_same_db(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(nested_doc)
-        self.assertNotEqual(doc1.doc_id, doc2.doc_id)
-
-    def test_create_doc_with_id(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc, doc_id='my-id')
-        self.assertEqual('my-id', doc.doc_id)
-        self.assertNotEqual(None, doc.rev)
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db, doc.doc_id, doc.rev, simple_doc, False)
-
-    def test_create_doc_existing_id(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        new_content = '{"something": "else"}'
-        self.assertRaises(
-            errors.RevisionConflict, self.db.create_doc_from_json,
-            new_content, doc.doc_id)
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db, doc.doc_id, doc.rev, simple_doc, False)
-
-    def test_put_doc_creating_initial(self):
-        doc = self.make_document('my_doc_id', None, simple_doc)
-        new_rev = self.db.put_doc(doc)
-        self.assertIsNot(None, new_rev)
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db, 'my_doc_id', new_rev, simple_doc, False)
-
-    def test_put_doc_space_in_id(self):
-        doc = self.make_document('my doc id', None, simple_doc)
-        self.assertRaises(errors.InvalidDocId, self.db.put_doc, doc)
-
-    def test_put_doc_update(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc, doc_id='my_doc_id')
-        orig_rev = doc.rev
-        doc.set_json('{"updated": "stuff"}')
-        new_rev = self.db.put_doc(doc)
-        self.assertNotEqual(new_rev, orig_rev)
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db, 'my_doc_id', new_rev,
-                          '{"updated": "stuff"}', False)
-        self.assertEqual(doc.rev, new_rev)
-
-    def test_put_non_ascii_key(self):
-        content = json.dumps({u'key\xe5': u'val'})
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(content, doc_id='my_doc')
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db, 'my_doc', doc.rev, content, False)
-
-    def test_put_non_ascii_value(self):
-        content = json.dumps({'key': u'\xe5'})
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(content, doc_id='my_doc')
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db, 'my_doc', doc.rev, content, False)
-
-    def test_put_doc_refuses_no_id(self):
-        doc = self.make_document(None, None, simple_doc)
-        self.assertRaises(errors.InvalidDocId, self.db.put_doc, doc)
-        doc = self.make_document("", None, simple_doc)
-        self.assertRaises(errors.InvalidDocId, self.db.put_doc, doc)
-
-    def test_put_doc_refuses_slashes(self):
-        doc = self.make_document('a/b', None, simple_doc)
-        self.assertRaises(errors.InvalidDocId, self.db.put_doc, doc)
-        doc = self.make_document(r'\b', None, simple_doc)
-        self.assertRaises(errors.InvalidDocId, self.db.put_doc, doc)
-
-    def test_put_doc_url_quoting_is_fine(self):
-        doc_id = "%2F%2Ffoo%2Fbar"
-        doc = self.make_document(doc_id, None, simple_doc)
-        new_rev = self.db.put_doc(doc)
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db, doc_id, new_rev, simple_doc, False)
-
-    def test_put_doc_refuses_non_existing_old_rev(self):
-        doc = self.make_document('doc-id', 'test:4', simple_doc)
-        self.assertRaises(errors.RevisionConflict, self.db.put_doc, doc)
-
-    def test_put_doc_refuses_non_ascii_doc_id(self):
-        doc = self.make_document('d\xc3\xa5c-id', None, simple_doc)
-        self.assertRaises(errors.InvalidDocId, self.db.put_doc, doc)
-
-    def test_put_fails_with_bad_old_rev(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc, doc_id='my_doc_id')
-        old_rev = doc.rev
-        bad_doc = self.make_document(doc.doc_id, 'other:1',
-                                     '{"something": "else"}')
-        self.assertRaises(errors.RevisionConflict, self.db.put_doc, bad_doc)
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db, 'my_doc_id', old_rev, simple_doc, False)
-
-    def test_create_succeeds_after_delete(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc, doc_id='my_doc_id')
-        self.db.delete_doc(doc)
-        deleted_doc = self.db.get_doc('my_doc_id', include_deleted=True)
-        deleted_vc = vectorclock.VectorClockRev(deleted_doc.rev)
-        new_doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc, doc_id='my_doc_id')
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db, 'my_doc_id', new_doc.rev, simple_doc, False)
-        new_vc = vectorclock.VectorClockRev(new_doc.rev)
-        self.assertTrue(
-            new_vc.is_newer(deleted_vc),
-            "%s does not supersede %s" % (new_doc.rev, deleted_doc.rev))
-
-    def test_put_succeeds_after_delete(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc, doc_id='my_doc_id')
-        self.db.delete_doc(doc)
-        deleted_doc = self.db.get_doc('my_doc_id', include_deleted=True)
-        deleted_vc = vectorclock.VectorClockRev(deleted_doc.rev)
-        doc2 = self.make_document('my_doc_id', None, simple_doc)
-        self.db.put_doc(doc2)
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db, 'my_doc_id', doc2.rev, simple_doc, False)
-        new_vc = vectorclock.VectorClockRev(doc2.rev)
-        self.assertTrue(
-            new_vc.is_newer(deleted_vc),
-            "%s does not supersede %s" % (doc2.rev, deleted_doc.rev))
-
-    def test_get_doc_after_put(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc, doc_id='my_doc_id')
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db, 'my_doc_id', doc.rev, simple_doc, False)
-
-    def test_get_doc_nonexisting(self):
-        self.assertIs(None, self.db.get_doc('non-existing'))
-
-    def test_get_doc_deleted(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc, doc_id='my_doc_id')
-        self.db.delete_doc(doc)
-        self.assertIs(None, self.db.get_doc('my_doc_id'))
-
-    def test_get_doc_include_deleted(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc, doc_id='my_doc_id')
-        self.db.delete_doc(doc)
-        self.assertGetDocIncludeDeleted(
-            self.db, doc.doc_id, doc.rev, None, False)
-
-    def test_get_docs(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(nested_doc)
-        self.assertEqual([doc1, doc2],
-                         list(self.db.get_docs([doc1.doc_id, doc2.doc_id])))
-
-    def test_get_docs_deleted(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(nested_doc)
-        self.db.delete_doc(doc1)
-        self.assertEqual([doc2],
-                         list(self.db.get_docs([doc1.doc_id, doc2.doc_id])))
-
-    def test_get_docs_include_deleted(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(nested_doc)
-        self.db.delete_doc(doc1)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [doc1, doc2],
-            list(self.db.get_docs([doc1.doc_id, doc2.doc_id],
-                                  include_deleted=True)))
-
-    def test_get_docs_request_ordered(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(nested_doc)
-        self.assertEqual([doc1, doc2],
-                         list(self.db.get_docs([doc1.doc_id, doc2.doc_id])))
-        self.assertEqual([doc2, doc1],
-                         list(self.db.get_docs([doc2.doc_id, doc1.doc_id])))
-
-    def test_get_docs_empty_list(self):
-        self.assertEqual([], list(self.db.get_docs([])))
-
-    def test_handles_nested_content(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(nested_doc)
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db, doc.doc_id, doc.rev, nested_doc, False)
-
-    def test_handles_doc_with_null(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": null}')
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db, doc.doc_id, doc.rev, '{"key": null}', False)
-
-    def test_delete_doc(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db, doc.doc_id, doc.rev, simple_doc, False)
-        orig_rev = doc.rev
-        self.db.delete_doc(doc)
-        self.assertNotEqual(orig_rev, doc.rev)
-        self.assertGetDocIncludeDeleted(
-            self.db, doc.doc_id, doc.rev, None, False)
-        self.assertIs(None, self.db.get_doc(doc.doc_id))
-
-    def test_delete_doc_non_existent(self):
-        doc = self.make_document('non-existing', 'other:1', simple_doc)
-        self.assertRaises(errors.DocumentDoesNotExist, self.db.delete_doc, doc)
-
-    def test_delete_doc_already_deleted(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.db.delete_doc(doc)
-        self.assertRaises(errors.DocumentAlreadyDeleted,
-                          self.db.delete_doc, doc)
-        self.assertGetDocIncludeDeleted(
-            self.db, doc.doc_id, doc.rev, None, False)
-
-    def test_delete_doc_bad_rev(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db, doc1.doc_id, doc1.rev, simple_doc, False)
-        doc2 = self.make_document(doc1.doc_id, 'other:1', simple_doc)
-        self.assertRaises(errors.RevisionConflict, self.db.delete_doc, doc2)
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db, doc1.doc_id, doc1.rev, simple_doc, False)
-
-    def test_delete_doc_sets_content_to_None(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.db.delete_doc(doc)
-        self.assertIs(None, doc.get_json())
-
-    def test_delete_doc_rev_supersedes(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        doc.set_json(nested_doc)
-        self.db.put_doc(doc)
-        doc.set_json('{"fishy": "content"}')
-        self.db.put_doc(doc)
-        old_rev = doc.rev
-        self.db.delete_doc(doc)
-        cur_vc = vectorclock.VectorClockRev(old_rev)
-        deleted_vc = vectorclock.VectorClockRev(doc.rev)
-        self.assertTrue(deleted_vc.is_newer(cur_vc),
-                        "%s does not supersede %s" % (doc.rev, old_rev))
-
-    def test_delete_then_put(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.db.delete_doc(doc)
-        self.assertGetDocIncludeDeleted(
-            self.db, doc.doc_id, doc.rev, None, False)
-        doc.set_json(nested_doc)
-        self.db.put_doc(doc)
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db, doc.doc_id, doc.rev, nested_doc, False)
-
-
-class DocumentSizeTests(tests.DatabaseBaseTests):
-
-    scenarios = tests.LOCAL_DATABASES_SCENARIOS
-
-    def test_put_doc_refuses_oversized_documents(self):
-        self.db.set_document_size_limit(1)
-        doc = self.make_document('doc-id', None, simple_doc)
-        self.assertRaises(errors.DocumentTooBig, self.db.put_doc, doc)
-
-    def test_create_doc_refuses_oversized_documents(self):
-        self.db.set_document_size_limit(1)
-        self.assertRaises(
-            errors.DocumentTooBig, self.db.create_doc_from_json, simple_doc,
-            doc_id='my_doc_id')
-
-    def test_set_document_size_limit_zero(self):
-        self.db.set_document_size_limit(0)
-        self.assertEqual(0, self.db.document_size_limit)
-
-    def test_set_document_size_limit(self):
-        self.db.set_document_size_limit(1000000)
-        self.assertEqual(1000000, self.db.document_size_limit)
-
-
-class LocalDatabaseTests(tests.DatabaseBaseTests):
-
-    scenarios = tests.LOCAL_DATABASES_SCENARIOS
-
-    def test_create_doc_different_ids_diff_db(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        db2 = self.create_database('other-uid')
-        doc2 = db2.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.assertNotEqual(doc1.doc_id, doc2.doc_id)
-
-    def test_put_doc_refuses_slashes_picky(self):
-        doc = self.make_document('/a', None, simple_doc)
-        self.assertRaises(errors.InvalidDocId, self.db.put_doc, doc)
-
-    def test_get_all_docs_empty(self):
-        self.assertEqual([], list(self.db.get_all_docs()[1]))
-
-    def test_get_all_docs(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(nested_doc)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            sorted([doc1, doc2]), sorted(list(self.db.get_all_docs()[1])))
-
-    def test_get_all_docs_exclude_deleted(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(nested_doc)
-        self.db.delete_doc(doc2)
-        self.assertEqual([doc1], list(self.db.get_all_docs()[1]))
-
-    def test_get_all_docs_include_deleted(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(nested_doc)
-        self.db.delete_doc(doc2)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            sorted([doc1, doc2]),
-            sorted(list(self.db.get_all_docs(include_deleted=True)[1])))
-
-    def test_get_all_docs_generation(self):
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json(nested_doc)
-        self.assertEqual(2, self.db.get_all_docs()[0])
-
-    def test_simple_put_doc_if_newer(self):
-        doc = self.make_document('my-doc-id', 'test:1', simple_doc)
-        state_at_gen = self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            doc, save_conflict=False, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=1,
-            replica_trans_id='foo')
-        self.assertEqual(('inserted', 1), state_at_gen)
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db, 'my-doc-id', 'test:1', simple_doc, False)
-
-    def test_simple_put_doc_if_newer_deleted(self):
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json('{}', doc_id='my-doc-id')
-        doc = self.make_document('my-doc-id', 'test:2', None)
-        state_at_gen = self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            doc, save_conflict=False, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=1,
-            replica_trans_id='foo')
-        self.assertEqual(('inserted', 2), state_at_gen)
-        self.assertGetDocIncludeDeleted(
-            self.db, 'my-doc-id', 'test:2', None, False)
-
-    def test_put_doc_if_newer_already_superseded(self):
-        orig_doc = '{"new": "doc"}'
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(orig_doc)
-        doc1_rev1 = doc1.rev
-        doc1.set_json(simple_doc)
-        self.db.put_doc(doc1)
-        doc1_rev2 = doc1.rev
-        # Nothing is inserted, because the document is already superseded
-        doc = self.make_document(doc1.doc_id, doc1_rev1, orig_doc)
-        state, _ = self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            doc, save_conflict=False, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=1,
-            replica_trans_id='foo')
-        self.assertEqual('superseded', state)
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db, doc1.doc_id, doc1_rev2, simple_doc, False)
-
-    def test_put_doc_if_newer_autoresolve(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        rev = doc1.rev
-        doc = self.make_document(doc1.doc_id, "whatever:1", doc1.get_json())
-        state, _ = self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            doc, save_conflict=False, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=1,
-            replica_trans_id='foo')
-        self.assertEqual('superseded', state)
-        doc2 = self.db.get_doc(doc1.doc_id)
-        v2 = vectorclock.VectorClockRev(doc2.rev)
-        self.assertTrue(v2.is_newer(vectorclock.VectorClockRev("whatever:1")))
-        self.assertTrue(v2.is_newer(vectorclock.VectorClockRev(rev)))
-        # strictly newer locally
-        self.assertTrue(rev not in doc2.rev)
-
-    def test_put_doc_if_newer_already_converged(self):
-        orig_doc = '{"new": "doc"}'
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(orig_doc)
-        state_at_gen = self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            doc1, save_conflict=False, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=1,
-            replica_trans_id='foo')
-        self.assertEqual(('converged', 1), state_at_gen)
-
-    def test_put_doc_if_newer_conflicted(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        # Nothing is inserted, the document id is returned as would-conflict
-        alt_doc = self.make_document(doc1.doc_id, 'alternate:1', nested_doc)
-        state, _ = self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            alt_doc, save_conflict=False, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=1,
-            replica_trans_id='foo')
-        self.assertEqual('conflicted', state)
-        # The database wasn't altered
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db, doc1.doc_id, doc1.rev, simple_doc, False)
-
-    def test_put_doc_if_newer_newer_generation(self):
-        self.db._set_replica_gen_and_trans_id('other', 1, 'T-sid')
-        doc = self.make_document('doc_id', 'other:2', simple_doc)
-        state, _ = self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            doc, save_conflict=False, replica_uid='other', replica_gen=2,
-            replica_trans_id='T-irrelevant')
-        self.assertEqual('inserted', state)
-
-    def test_put_doc_if_newer_same_generation_same_txid(self):
-        self.db._set_replica_gen_and_trans_id('other', 1, 'T-sid')
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.make_document(doc.doc_id, 'other:1', simple_doc)
-        state, _ = self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            doc, save_conflict=False, replica_uid='other', replica_gen=1,
-            replica_trans_id='T-sid')
-        self.assertEqual('converged', state)
-
-    def test_put_doc_if_newer_wrong_transaction_id(self):
-        self.db._set_replica_gen_and_trans_id('other', 1, 'T-sid')
-        doc = self.make_document('doc_id', 'other:1', simple_doc)
-        self.assertRaises(
-            errors.InvalidTransactionId,
-            self.db._put_doc_if_newer, doc, save_conflict=False,
-            replica_uid='other', replica_gen=1, replica_trans_id='T-sad')
-
-    def test_put_doc_if_newer_old_generation_older_doc(self):
-        orig_doc = '{"new": "doc"}'
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(orig_doc)
-        doc_rev1 = doc.rev
-        doc.set_json(simple_doc)
-        self.db.put_doc(doc)
-        self.db._set_replica_gen_and_trans_id('other', 3, 'T-sid')
-        older_doc = self.make_document(doc.doc_id, doc_rev1, simple_doc)
-        state, _ = self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            older_doc, save_conflict=False, replica_uid='other', replica_gen=8,
-            replica_trans_id='T-irrelevant')
-        self.assertEqual('superseded', state)
-
-    def test_put_doc_if_newer_old_generation_newer_doc(self):
-        self.db._set_replica_gen_and_trans_id('other', 5, 'T-sid')
-        doc = self.make_document('doc_id', 'other:1', simple_doc)
-        self.assertRaises(
-            errors.InvalidGeneration,
-            self.db._put_doc_if_newer, doc, save_conflict=False,
-            replica_uid='other', replica_gen=1, replica_trans_id='T-sad')
-
-    def test_put_doc_if_newer_replica_uid(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.db._set_replica_gen_and_trans_id('other', 1, 'T-sid')
-        doc2 = self.make_document(doc1.doc_id, doc1.rev + '|other:1',
-                                  nested_doc)
-        self.assertEqual('inserted',
-                         self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-                             doc2,
-                             save_conflict=False,
-                             replica_uid='other',
-                             replica_gen=2,
-                             replica_trans_id='T-id2')[0])
-        self.assertEqual((2, 'T-id2'), self.db._get_replica_gen_and_trans_id(
-            'other'))
-        # Compare to the old rev, should be superseded
-        doc2 = self.make_document(doc1.doc_id, doc1.rev, nested_doc)
-        self.assertEqual('superseded',
-                         self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-                             doc2,
-                             save_conflict=False,
-                             replica_uid='other',
-                             replica_gen=3,
-                             replica_trans_id='T-id3')[0])
-        self.assertEqual(
-            (3, 'T-id3'), self.db._get_replica_gen_and_trans_id('other'))
-        # A conflict that isn't saved still records the sync gen, because we
-        # don't need to see it again
-        doc2 = self.make_document(doc1.doc_id, doc1.rev + '|fourth:1',
-                                  '{}')
-        self.assertEqual('conflicted',
-                         self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-                             doc2,
-                             save_conflict=False,
-                             replica_uid='other',
-                             replica_gen=4,
-                             replica_trans_id='T-id4')[0])
-        self.assertEqual(
-            (4, 'T-id4'), self.db._get_replica_gen_and_trans_id('other'))
-
-    def test__get_replica_gen_and_trans_id(self):
-        self.assertEqual(
-            (0, ''), self.db._get_replica_gen_and_trans_id('other-db'))
-        self.db._set_replica_gen_and_trans_id('other-db', 2, 'T-transaction')
-        self.assertEqual(
-            (2, 'T-transaction'),
-            self.db._get_replica_gen_and_trans_id('other-db'))
-
-    def test_put_updates_transaction_log(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.assertTransactionLog([doc.doc_id], self.db)
-        doc.set_json('{"something": "else"}')
-        self.db.put_doc(doc)
-        self.assertTransactionLog([doc.doc_id, doc.doc_id], self.db)
-        last_trans_id = self.getLastTransId(self.db)
-        self.assertEqual((2, last_trans_id, [(doc.doc_id, 2, last_trans_id)]),
-                         self.db.whats_changed())
-
-    def test_delete_updates_transaction_log(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        db_gen, _, _ = self.db.whats_changed()
-        self.db.delete_doc(doc)
-        last_trans_id = self.getLastTransId(self.db)
-        self.assertEqual((2, last_trans_id, [(doc.doc_id, 2, last_trans_id)]),
-                         self.db.whats_changed(db_gen))
-
-    def test_whats_changed_initial_database(self):
-        self.assertEqual((0, '', []), self.db.whats_changed())
-
-    def test_whats_changed_returns_one_id_for_multiple_changes(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        doc.set_json('{"new": "contents"}')
-        self.db.put_doc(doc)
-        last_trans_id = self.getLastTransId(self.db)
-        self.assertEqual((2, last_trans_id, [(doc.doc_id, 2, last_trans_id)]),
-                         self.db.whats_changed())
-        self.assertEqual((2, last_trans_id, []), self.db.whats_changed(2))
-
-    def test_whats_changed_returns_last_edits_ascending(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        doc.set_json('{"new": "contents"}')
-        self.db.delete_doc(doc1)
-        delete_trans_id = self.getLastTransId(self.db)
-        self.db.put_doc(doc)
-        put_trans_id = self.getLastTransId(self.db)
-        self.assertEqual((4, put_trans_id,
-                          [(doc1.doc_id, 3, delete_trans_id),
-                           (doc.doc_id, 4, put_trans_id)]),
-                         self.db.whats_changed())
-
-    def test_whats_changed_doesnt_include_old_gen(self):
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        last_trans_id = self.getLastTransId(self.db)
-        self.assertEqual((3, last_trans_id, [(doc2.doc_id, 3, last_trans_id)]),
-                         self.db.whats_changed(2))
-
-
-class LocalDatabaseValidateGenNTransIdTests(tests.DatabaseBaseTests):
-
-    scenarios = tests.LOCAL_DATABASES_SCENARIOS
-
-    def test_validate_gen_and_trans_id(self):
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        gen, trans_id = self.db._get_generation_info()
-        self.db.validate_gen_and_trans_id(gen, trans_id)
-
-    def test_validate_gen_and_trans_id_invalid_txid(self):
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        gen, _ = self.db._get_generation_info()
-        self.assertRaises(
-            errors.InvalidTransactionId,
-            self.db.validate_gen_and_trans_id, gen, 'wrong')
-
-    def test_validate_gen_and_trans_id_invalid_gen(self):
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        gen, trans_id = self.db._get_generation_info()
-        self.assertRaises(
-            errors.InvalidGeneration,
-            self.db.validate_gen_and_trans_id, gen + 1, trans_id)
-
-
-class LocalDatabaseValidateSourceGenTests(tests.DatabaseBaseTests):
-
-    scenarios = tests.LOCAL_DATABASES_SCENARIOS
-
-    def test_validate_source_gen_and_trans_id_same(self):
-        self.db._set_replica_gen_and_trans_id('other', 1, 'T-sid')
-        self.db._validate_source('other', 1, 'T-sid')
-
-    def test_validate_source_gen_newer(self):
-        self.db._set_replica_gen_and_trans_id('other', 1, 'T-sid')
-        self.db._validate_source('other', 2, 'T-whatevs')
-
-    def test_validate_source_wrong_txid(self):
-        self.db._set_replica_gen_and_trans_id('other', 1, 'T-sid')
-        self.assertRaises(
-            errors.InvalidTransactionId,
-            self.db._validate_source, 'other', 1, 'T-sad')
-
-
-class LocalDatabaseWithConflictsTests(tests.DatabaseBaseTests):
-    # test supporting/functionality around storing conflicts
-
-    scenarios = tests.LOCAL_DATABASES_SCENARIOS
-
-    def test_get_docs_conflicted(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        doc2 = self.make_document(doc1.doc_id, 'alternate:1', nested_doc)
-        self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            doc2, save_conflict=True, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=1,
-            replica_trans_id='foo')
-        self.assertEqual([doc2], list(self.db.get_docs([doc1.doc_id])))
-
-    def test_get_docs_conflicts_ignored(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(nested_doc)
-        alt_doc = self.make_document(doc1.doc_id, 'alternate:1', nested_doc)
-        self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            alt_doc, save_conflict=True, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=1,
-            replica_trans_id='foo')
-        no_conflict_doc = self.make_document(doc1.doc_id, 'alternate:1',
-                                             nested_doc)
-        self.assertEqual([no_conflict_doc, doc2],
-                         list(self.db.get_docs([doc1.doc_id, doc2.doc_id],
-                                               check_for_conflicts=False)))
-
-    def test_get_doc_conflicts(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        alt_doc = self.make_document(doc.doc_id, 'alternate:1', nested_doc)
-        self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            alt_doc, save_conflict=True, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=1,
-            replica_trans_id='foo')
-        self.assertEqual([alt_doc, doc],
-                         self.db.get_doc_conflicts(doc.doc_id))
-
-    def test_get_all_docs_sees_conflicts(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        alt_doc = self.make_document(doc.doc_id, 'alternate:1', nested_doc)
-        self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            alt_doc, save_conflict=True, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=1,
-            replica_trans_id='foo')
-        _, docs = self.db.get_all_docs()
-        self.assertTrue(list(docs)[0].has_conflicts)
-
-    def test_get_doc_conflicts_unconflicted(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.assertEqual([], self.db.get_doc_conflicts(doc.doc_id))
-
-    def test_get_doc_conflicts_no_such_id(self):
-        self.assertEqual([], self.db.get_doc_conflicts('doc-id'))
-
-    def test_resolve_doc(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        alt_doc = self.make_document(doc.doc_id, 'alternate:1', nested_doc)
-        self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            alt_doc, save_conflict=True, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=1,
-            replica_trans_id='foo')
-        self.assertGetDocConflicts(self.db, doc.doc_id,
-                                   [('alternate:1', nested_doc),
-                                    (doc.rev, simple_doc)])
-        orig_rev = doc.rev
-        self.db.resolve_doc(doc, [alt_doc.rev, doc.rev])
-        self.assertNotEqual(orig_rev, doc.rev)
-        self.assertFalse(doc.has_conflicts)
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db, doc.doc_id, doc.rev, simple_doc, False)
-        self.assertGetDocConflicts(self.db, doc.doc_id, [])
-
-    def test_resolve_doc_picks_biggest_vcr(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        doc2 = self.make_document(doc1.doc_id, 'alternate:1', nested_doc)
-        self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            doc2, save_conflict=True, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=1,
-            replica_trans_id='foo')
-        self.assertGetDocConflicts(self.db, doc1.doc_id,
-                                   [(doc2.rev, nested_doc),
-                                    (doc1.rev, simple_doc)])
-        orig_doc1_rev = doc1.rev
-        self.db.resolve_doc(doc1, [doc2.rev, doc1.rev])
-        self.assertFalse(doc1.has_conflicts)
-        self.assertNotEqual(orig_doc1_rev, doc1.rev)
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db, doc1.doc_id, doc1.rev, simple_doc, False)
-        self.assertGetDocConflicts(self.db, doc1.doc_id, [])
-        vcr_1 = vectorclock.VectorClockRev(orig_doc1_rev)
-        vcr_2 = vectorclock.VectorClockRev(doc2.rev)
-        vcr_new = vectorclock.VectorClockRev(doc1.rev)
-        self.assertTrue(vcr_new.is_newer(vcr_1))
-        self.assertTrue(vcr_new.is_newer(vcr_2))
-
-    def test_resolve_doc_partial_not_winning(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        doc2 = self.make_document(doc1.doc_id, 'alternate:1', nested_doc)
-        self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            doc2, save_conflict=True, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=1,
-            replica_trans_id='foo')
-        self.assertGetDocConflicts(self.db, doc1.doc_id,
-                                   [(doc2.rev, nested_doc),
-                                    (doc1.rev, simple_doc)])
-        content3 = '{"key": "valin3"}'
-        doc3 = self.make_document(doc1.doc_id, 'third:1', content3)
-        self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            doc3, save_conflict=True, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=2,
-            replica_trans_id='bar')
-        self.assertGetDocConflicts(self.db, doc1.doc_id,
-                                   [(doc3.rev, content3),
-                                    (doc1.rev, simple_doc),
-                                    (doc2.rev, nested_doc)])
-        self.db.resolve_doc(doc1, [doc2.rev, doc1.rev])
-        self.assertTrue(doc1.has_conflicts)
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db, doc1.doc_id, doc3.rev, content3, True)
-        self.assertGetDocConflicts(self.db, doc1.doc_id,
-                                   [(doc3.rev, content3),
-                                    (doc1.rev, simple_doc)])
-
-    def test_resolve_doc_partial_winning(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        doc2 = self.make_document(doc1.doc_id, 'alternate:1', nested_doc)
-        self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            doc2, save_conflict=True, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=1,
-            replica_trans_id='foo')
-        content3 = '{"key": "valin3"}'
-        doc3 = self.make_document(doc1.doc_id, 'third:1', content3)
-        self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            doc3, save_conflict=True, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=2,
-            replica_trans_id='bar')
-        self.assertGetDocConflicts(self.db, doc1.doc_id,
-                                   [(doc3.rev, content3),
-                                    (doc1.rev, simple_doc),
-                                    (doc2.rev, nested_doc)])
-        self.db.resolve_doc(doc1, [doc3.rev, doc1.rev])
-        self.assertTrue(doc1.has_conflicts)
-        self.assertGetDocConflicts(self.db, doc1.doc_id,
-                                   [(doc1.rev, simple_doc),
-                                    (doc2.rev, nested_doc)])
-
-    def test_resolve_doc_with_delete_conflict(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.db.delete_doc(doc1)
-        doc2 = self.make_document(doc1.doc_id, 'alternate:1', nested_doc)
-        self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            doc2, save_conflict=True, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=1,
-            replica_trans_id='foo')
-        self.assertGetDocConflicts(self.db, doc1.doc_id,
-                                   [(doc2.rev, nested_doc),
-                                    (doc1.rev, None)])
-        self.db.resolve_doc(doc2, [doc1.rev, doc2.rev])
-        self.assertGetDocConflicts(self.db, doc1.doc_id, [])
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db, doc2.doc_id, doc2.rev, nested_doc, False)
-
-    def test_resolve_doc_with_delete_to_delete(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.db.delete_doc(doc1)
-        doc2 = self.make_document(doc1.doc_id, 'alternate:1', nested_doc)
-        self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            doc2, save_conflict=True, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=1,
-            replica_trans_id='foo')
-        self.assertGetDocConflicts(self.db, doc1.doc_id,
-                                   [(doc2.rev, nested_doc),
-                                    (doc1.rev, None)])
-        self.db.resolve_doc(doc1, [doc1.rev, doc2.rev])
-        self.assertGetDocConflicts(self.db, doc1.doc_id, [])
-        self.assertGetDocIncludeDeleted(
-            self.db, doc1.doc_id, doc1.rev, None, False)
-
-    def test_put_doc_if_newer_save_conflicted(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        # Document is inserted as a conflict
-        doc2 = self.make_document(doc1.doc_id, 'alternate:1', nested_doc)
-        state, _ = self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            doc2, save_conflict=True, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=1,
-            replica_trans_id='foo')
-        self.assertEqual('conflicted', state)
-        # The database was updated
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db, doc1.doc_id, doc2.rev, nested_doc, True)
-
-    def test_force_doc_conflict_supersedes_properly(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        doc2 = self.make_document(doc1.doc_id, 'alternate:1', '{"b": 1}')
-        self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            doc2, save_conflict=True, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=1,
-            replica_trans_id='foo')
-        doc3 = self.make_document(doc1.doc_id, 'altalt:1', '{"c": 1}')
-        self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            doc3, save_conflict=True, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=2,
-            replica_trans_id='bar')
-        doc22 = self.make_document(doc1.doc_id, 'alternate:2', '{"b": 2}')
-        self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            doc22, save_conflict=True, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=3,
-            replica_trans_id='zed')
-        self.assertGetDocConflicts(self.db, doc1.doc_id,
-                                   [('alternate:2', doc22.get_json()),
-                                    ('altalt:1', doc3.get_json()),
-                                    (doc1.rev, simple_doc)])
-
-    def test_put_doc_if_newer_save_conflict_was_deleted(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.db.delete_doc(doc1)
-        doc2 = self.make_document(doc1.doc_id, 'alternate:1', nested_doc)
-        self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            doc2, save_conflict=True, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=1,
-            replica_trans_id='foo')
-        self.assertTrue(doc2.has_conflicts)
-        self.assertGetDoc(
-            self.db, doc1.doc_id, 'alternate:1', nested_doc, True)
-        self.assertGetDocConflicts(self.db, doc1.doc_id,
-                                   [('alternate:1', nested_doc),
-                                    (doc1.rev, None)])
-
-    def test_put_doc_if_newer_propagates_full_resolution(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        doc2 = self.make_document(doc1.doc_id, 'alternate:1', nested_doc)
-        self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            doc2, save_conflict=True, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=1,
-            replica_trans_id='foo')
-        resolved_vcr = vectorclock.VectorClockRev(doc1.rev)
-        vcr_2 = vectorclock.VectorClockRev(doc2.rev)
-        resolved_vcr.maximize(vcr_2)
-        resolved_vcr.increment('alternate')
-        doc_resolved = self.make_document(doc1.doc_id, resolved_vcr.as_str(),
-                                          '{"good": 1}')
-        state, _ = self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            doc_resolved, save_conflict=True, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=2,
-            replica_trans_id='foo2')
-        self.assertEqual('inserted', state)
-        self.assertFalse(doc_resolved.has_conflicts)
-        self.assertGetDocConflicts(self.db, doc1.doc_id, [])
-        doc3 = self.db.get_doc(doc1.doc_id)
-        self.assertFalse(doc3.has_conflicts)
-
-    def test_put_doc_if_newer_propagates_partial_resolution(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        doc2 = self.make_document(doc1.doc_id, 'altalt:1', '{}')
-        self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            doc2, save_conflict=True, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=1,
-            replica_trans_id='foo')
-        doc3 = self.make_document(doc1.doc_id, 'alternate:1', nested_doc)
-        self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            doc3, save_conflict=True, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=2,
-            replica_trans_id='foo2')
-        self.assertGetDocConflicts(self.db, doc1.doc_id,
-                                   [('alternate:1', nested_doc),
-                                    ('test:1', simple_doc),
-                                    ('altalt:1', '{}')])
-        resolved_vcr = vectorclock.VectorClockRev(doc1.rev)
-        vcr_3 = vectorclock.VectorClockRev(doc3.rev)
-        resolved_vcr.maximize(vcr_3)
-        resolved_vcr.increment('alternate')
-        doc_resolved = self.make_document(doc1.doc_id, resolved_vcr.as_str(),
-                                          '{"good": 1}')
-        state, _ = self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            doc_resolved, save_conflict=True, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=3,
-            replica_trans_id='foo3')
-        self.assertEqual('inserted', state)
-        self.assertTrue(doc_resolved.has_conflicts)
-        doc4 = self.db.get_doc(doc1.doc_id)
-        self.assertTrue(doc4.has_conflicts)
-        self.assertGetDocConflicts(self.db, doc1.doc_id,
-                                   [('alternate:2|test:1', '{"good": 1}'),
-                                    ('altalt:1', '{}')])
-
-    def test_put_doc_if_newer_replica_uid(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.db._set_replica_gen_and_trans_id('other', 1, 'T-id')
-        doc2 = self.make_document(doc1.doc_id, doc1.rev + '|other:1',
-                                  nested_doc)
-        self.db._put_doc_if_newer(doc2, save_conflict=True,
-                                  replica_uid='other', replica_gen=2,
-                                  replica_trans_id='T-id2')
-        # Conflict vs the current update
-        doc2 = self.make_document(doc1.doc_id, doc1.rev + '|third:3',
-                                  '{}')
-        self.assertEqual('conflicted',
-                         self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-                             doc2,
-                             save_conflict=True,
-                             replica_uid='other',
-                             replica_gen=3,
-                             replica_trans_id='T-id3')[0])
-        self.assertEqual(
-            (3, 'T-id3'), self.db._get_replica_gen_and_trans_id('other'))
-
-    def test_put_doc_if_newer_autoresolve_2(self):
-        # this is an ordering variant of _3, but that already works
-        # adding the test explicitly to catch the regression easily
-        doc_a1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        doc_a2 = self.make_document(doc_a1.doc_id, 'test:2', "{}")
-        doc_a1b1 = self.make_document(doc_a1.doc_id, 'test:1|other:1',
-                                      '{"a":"42"}')
-        doc_a3 = self.make_document(doc_a1.doc_id, 'test:2|other:1', "{}")
-        state, _ = self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            doc_a2, save_conflict=True, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=1,
-            replica_trans_id='foo')
-        self.assertEqual(state, 'inserted')
-        state, _ = self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            doc_a1b1, save_conflict=True, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=2,
-            replica_trans_id='foo2')
-        self.assertEqual(state, 'conflicted')
-        state, _ = self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            doc_a3, save_conflict=True, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=3,
-            replica_trans_id='foo3')
-        self.assertEqual(state, 'inserted')
-        self.assertFalse(self.db.get_doc(doc_a1.doc_id).has_conflicts)
-
-    def test_put_doc_if_newer_autoresolve_3(self):
-        doc_a1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        doc_a1b1 = self.make_document(doc_a1.doc_id, 'test:1|other:1', "{}")
-        doc_a2 = self.make_document(doc_a1.doc_id, 'test:2', '{"a":"42"}')
-        doc_a3 = self.make_document(doc_a1.doc_id, 'test:3', "{}")
-        state, _ = self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            doc_a1b1, save_conflict=True, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=1,
-            replica_trans_id='foo')
-        self.assertEqual(state, 'inserted')
-        state, _ = self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            doc_a2, save_conflict=True, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=2,
-            replica_trans_id='foo2')
-        self.assertEqual(state, 'conflicted')
-        state, _ = self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            doc_a3, save_conflict=True, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=3,
-            replica_trans_id='foo3')
-        self.assertEqual(state, 'superseded')
-        doc = self.db.get_doc(doc_a1.doc_id, True)
-        self.assertFalse(doc.has_conflicts)
-        rev = vectorclock.VectorClockRev(doc.rev)
-        rev_a3 = vectorclock.VectorClockRev('test:3')
-        rev_a1b1 = vectorclock.VectorClockRev('test:1|other:1')
-        self.assertTrue(rev.is_newer(rev_a3))
-        self.assertTrue('test:4' in doc.rev)  # locally increased
-        self.assertTrue(rev.is_newer(rev_a1b1))
-
-    def test_put_doc_if_newer_autoresolve_4(self):
-        doc_a1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        doc_a1b1 = self.make_document(doc_a1.doc_id, 'test:1|other:1', None)
-        doc_a2 = self.make_document(doc_a1.doc_id, 'test:2', '{"a":"42"}')
-        doc_a3 = self.make_document(doc_a1.doc_id, 'test:3', None)
-        state, _ = self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            doc_a1b1, save_conflict=True, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=1,
-            replica_trans_id='foo')
-        self.assertEqual(state, 'inserted')
-        state, _ = self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            doc_a2, save_conflict=True, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=2,
-            replica_trans_id='foo2')
-        self.assertEqual(state, 'conflicted')
-        state, _ = self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            doc_a3, save_conflict=True, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=3,
-            replica_trans_id='foo3')
-        self.assertEqual(state, 'superseded')
-        doc = self.db.get_doc(doc_a1.doc_id, True)
-        self.assertFalse(doc.has_conflicts)
-        rev = vectorclock.VectorClockRev(doc.rev)
-        rev_a3 = vectorclock.VectorClockRev('test:3')
-        rev_a1b1 = vectorclock.VectorClockRev('test:1|other:1')
-        self.assertTrue(rev.is_newer(rev_a3))
-        self.assertTrue('test:4' in doc.rev)  # locally increased
-        self.assertTrue(rev.is_newer(rev_a1b1))
-
-    def test_put_refuses_to_update_conflicted(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        content2 = '{"key": "altval"}'
-        doc2 = self.make_document(doc1.doc_id, 'altrev:1', content2)
-        self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            doc2, save_conflict=True, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=1,
-            replica_trans_id='foo')
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db, doc1.doc_id, doc2.rev, content2, True)
-        content3 = '{"key": "local"}'
-        doc2.set_json(content3)
-        self.assertRaises(errors.ConflictedDoc, self.db.put_doc, doc2)
-
-    def test_delete_refuses_for_conflicted(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        doc2 = self.make_document(doc1.doc_id, 'altrev:1', nested_doc)
-        self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            doc2, save_conflict=True, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=1,
-            replica_trans_id='foo')
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db, doc2.doc_id, doc2.rev, nested_doc, True)
-        self.assertRaises(errors.ConflictedDoc, self.db.delete_doc, doc2)
-
-
-class DatabaseIndexTests(tests.DatabaseBaseTests):
-
-    scenarios = tests.LOCAL_DATABASES_SCENARIOS
-
-    def assertParseError(self, definition):
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json(nested_doc)
-        self.assertRaises(
-            errors.IndexDefinitionParseError, self.db.create_index, 'idx',
-            definition)
-
-    def assertIndexCreatable(self, definition):
-        name = "idx"
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json(nested_doc)
-        self.db.create_index(name, definition)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [(name, [definition])], self.db.list_indexes())
-
-    def test_create_index(self):
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'name')
-        self.assertEqual([('test-idx', ['name'])],
-                         self.db.list_indexes())
-
-    def test_create_index_on_non_ascii_field_name(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(json.dumps({u'\xe5': 'value'}))
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', u'\xe5')
-        self.assertEqual([doc], self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', 'value'))
-
-    def test_list_indexes_with_non_ascii_field_names(self):
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', u'\xe5')
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [('test-idx', [u'\xe5'])], self.db.list_indexes())
-
-    def test_create_index_evaluates_it(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        self.assertEqual([doc], self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', 'value'))
-
-    def test_wildcard_matches_unicode_value(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(json.dumps({"key": u"valu\xe5"}))
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        self.assertEqual([doc], self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', '*'))
-
-    def test_retrieve_unicode_value_from_index(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(json.dumps({"key": u"valu\xe5"}))
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [doc], self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', u"valu\xe5"))
-
-    def test_create_index_fails_if_name_taken(self):
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        self.assertRaises(errors.IndexNameTakenError,
-                          self.db.create_index,
-                          'test-idx', 'stuff')
-
-    def test_create_index_does_not_fail_if_name_taken_with_same_index(self):
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        self.assertEqual([('test-idx', ['key'])], self.db.list_indexes())
-
-    def test_create_index_does_not_duplicate_indexed_fields(self):
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        self.db.delete_index('test-idx')
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        self.assertEqual(1, len(self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', 'value')))
-
-    def test_delete_index_does_not_remove_fields_from_other_indexes(self):
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx2', 'key')
-        self.db.delete_index('test-idx')
-        self.assertEqual(1, len(self.db.get_from_index('test-idx2', 'value')))
-
-    def test_create_index_after_deleting_document(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.db.delete_doc(doc2)
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        self.assertEqual([doc], self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', 'value'))
-
-    def test_delete_index(self):
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        self.assertEqual([('test-idx', ['key'])], self.db.list_indexes())
-        self.db.delete_index('test-idx')
-        self.assertEqual([], self.db.list_indexes())
-
-    def test_create_adds_to_index(self):
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.assertEqual([doc], self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', 'value'))
-
-    def test_get_from_index_unmatched(self):
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        self.assertEqual([], self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', 'novalue'))
-
-    def test_create_index_multiple_exact_matches(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        self.assertEqual(
-            sorted([doc, doc2]),
-            sorted(self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', 'value')))
-
-    def test_get_from_index(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        self.assertEqual([doc], self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', 'value'))
-
-    def test_get_from_index_multi(self):
-        content = '{"key": "value", "key2": "value2"}'
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(content)
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key', 'key2')
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [doc], self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', 'value', 'value2'))
-
-    def test_get_from_index_multi_list(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(
-            '{"key": "value", "key2": ["value2-1", "value2-2", "value2-3"]}')
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key', 'key2')
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [doc], self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', 'value', 'value2-1'))
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [doc], self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', 'value', 'value2-2'))
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [doc], self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', 'value', 'value2-3'))
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [('value', 'value2-1'), ('value', 'value2-2'),
-             ('value', 'value2-3')],
-            sorted(self.db.get_index_keys('test-idx')))
-
-    def test_get_from_index_sees_conflicts(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key', 'key2')
-        alt_doc = self.make_document(
-            doc.doc_id, 'alternate:1',
-            '{"key": "value", "key2": ["value2-1", "value2-2", "value2-3"]}')
-        self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            alt_doc, save_conflict=True, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=1,
-            replica_trans_id='foo')
-        docs = self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', 'value', 'value2-1')
-        self.assertTrue(docs[0].has_conflicts)
-
-    def test_get_index_keys_multi_list_list(self):
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json(
-            '{"key": "value1-1 value1-2 value1-3", '
-            '"key2": ["value2-1", "value2-2", "value2-3"]}')
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'split_words(key)', 'key2')
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [(u'value1-1', u'value2-1'), (u'value1-1', u'value2-2'),
-             (u'value1-1', u'value2-3'), (u'value1-2', u'value2-1'),
-             (u'value1-2', u'value2-2'), (u'value1-2', u'value2-3'),
-             (u'value1-3', u'value2-1'), (u'value1-3', u'value2-2'),
-             (u'value1-3', u'value2-3')],
-            sorted(self.db.get_index_keys('test-idx')))
-
-    def test_get_from_index_multi_ordered(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(
-            '{"key": "value3", "key2": "value4"}')
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(
-            '{"key": "value2", "key2": "value3"}')
-        doc3 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(
-            '{"key": "value2", "key2": "value2"}')
-        doc4 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(
-            '{"key": "value1", "key2": "value1"}')
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key', 'key2')
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [doc4, doc3, doc2, doc1],
-            self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', 'v*', '*'))
-
-    def test_get_range_from_index_start_end(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "value3"}')
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "value2"}')
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "value4"}')
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "value1"}')
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [doc2, doc1],
-            self.db.get_range_from_index('test-idx', 'value2', 'value3'))
-
-    def test_get_range_from_index_start(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "value3"}')
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "value2"}')
-        doc3 = self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "value4"}')
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "value1"}')
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [doc2, doc1, doc3],
-            self.db.get_range_from_index('test-idx', 'value2'))
-
-    def test_get_range_from_index_sees_conflicts(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        alt_doc = self.make_document(
-            doc.doc_id, 'alternate:1', '{"key": "valuedepalue"}')
-        self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            alt_doc, save_conflict=True, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=1,
-            replica_trans_id='foo')
-        docs = self.db.get_range_from_index('test-idx', 'a')
-        self.assertTrue(docs[0].has_conflicts)
-
-    def test_get_range_from_index_end(self):
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "value3"}')
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "value2"}')
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "value4"}')
-        doc4 = self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "value1"}')
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [doc4, doc2],
-            self.db.get_range_from_index('test-idx', None, 'value2'))
-
-    def test_get_wildcard_range_from_index_start(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "value4"}')
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "value23"}')
-        doc3 = self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "value2"}')
-        doc4 = self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "value22"}')
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "value1"}')
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [doc3, doc4, doc2, doc1],
-            self.db.get_range_from_index('test-idx', 'value2*'))
-
-    def test_get_wildcard_range_from_index_end(self):
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "value4"}')
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "value23"}')
-        doc3 = self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "value2"}')
-        doc4 = self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "value22"}')
-        doc5 = self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "value1"}')
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [doc5, doc3, doc4, doc2],
-            self.db.get_range_from_index('test-idx', None, 'value2*'))
-
-    def test_get_wildcard_range_from_index_start_end(self):
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "a"}')
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "boo3"}')
-        doc3 = self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "catalyst"}')
-        doc4 = self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "whaever"}')
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "zerg"}')
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [doc3, doc4],
-            self.db.get_range_from_index('test-idx', 'cat*', 'zap*'))
-
-    def test_get_range_from_index_multi_column_start_end(self):
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "value3", "key2": "value4"}')
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(
-            '{"key": "value2", "key2": "value3"}')
-        doc3 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(
-            '{"key": "value2", "key2": "value2"}')
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "value1", "key2": "value1"}')
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key', 'key2')
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [doc3, doc2],
-            self.db.get_range_from_index(
-                'test-idx', ('value2', 'value2'), ('value2', 'value3')))
-
-    def test_get_range_from_index_multi_column_start(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(
-            '{"key": "value3", "key2": "value4"}')
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(
-            '{"key": "value2", "key2": "value3"}')
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "value2", "key2": "value2"}')
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "value1", "key2": "value1"}')
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key', 'key2')
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [doc2, doc1],
-            self.db.get_range_from_index('test-idx', ('value2', 'value3')))
-
-    def test_get_range_from_index_multi_column_end(self):
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "value3", "key2": "value4"}')
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(
-            '{"key": "value2", "key2": "value3"}')
-        doc3 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(
-            '{"key": "value2", "key2": "value2"}')
-        doc4 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(
-            '{"key": "value1", "key2": "value1"}')
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key', 'key2')
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [doc4, doc3, doc2],
-            self.db.get_range_from_index(
-                'test-idx', None, ('value2', 'value3')))
-
-    def test_get_wildcard_range_from_index_multi_column_start(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(
-            '{"key": "value3", "key2": "value4"}')
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(
-            '{"key": "value2", "key2": "value23"}')
-        doc3 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(
-            '{"key": "value2", "key2": "value2"}')
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "value1", "key2": "value1"}')
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key', 'key2')
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [doc3, doc2, doc1],
-            self.db.get_range_from_index('test-idx', ('value2', 'value2*')))
-
-    def test_get_wildcard_range_from_index_multi_column_end(self):
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "value3", "key2": "value4"}')
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(
-            '{"key": "value2", "key2": "value23"}')
-        doc3 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(
-            '{"key": "value2", "key2": "value2"}')
-        doc4 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(
-            '{"key": "value1", "key2": "value1"}')
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key', 'key2')
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [doc4, doc3, doc2],
-            self.db.get_range_from_index(
-                'test-idx', None, ('value2', 'value2*')))
-
-    def test_get_glob_range_from_index_multi_column_start(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(
-            '{"key": "value3", "key2": "value4"}')
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(
-            '{"key": "value2", "key2": "value23"}')
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "value1", "key2": "value2"}')
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "value1", "key2": "value1"}')
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key', 'key2')
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [doc2, doc1],
-            self.db.get_range_from_index('test-idx', ('value2', '*')))
-
-    def test_get_glob_range_from_index_multi_column_end(self):
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "value3", "key2": "value4"}')
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(
-            '{"key": "value2", "key2": "value23"}')
-        doc3 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(
-            '{"key": "value1", "key2": "value2"}')
-        doc4 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(
-            '{"key": "value1", "key2": "value1"}')
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key', 'key2')
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [doc4, doc3, doc2],
-            self.db.get_range_from_index('test-idx', None, ('value2', '*')))
-
-    def test_get_range_from_index_illegal_wildcard_order(self):
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'k1', 'k2')
-        self.assertRaises(
-            errors.InvalidGlobbing,
-            self.db.get_range_from_index, 'test-idx', ('*', 'v2'))
-
-    def test_get_range_from_index_illegal_glob_after_wildcard(self):
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'k1', 'k2')
-        self.assertRaises(
-            errors.InvalidGlobbing,
-            self.db.get_range_from_index, 'test-idx', ('*', 'v*'))
-
-    def test_get_range_from_index_illegal_wildcard_order_end(self):
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'k1', 'k2')
-        self.assertRaises(
-            errors.InvalidGlobbing,
-            self.db.get_range_from_index, 'test-idx', None, ('*', 'v2'))
-
-    def test_get_range_from_index_illegal_glob_after_wildcard_end(self):
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'k1', 'k2')
-        self.assertRaises(
-            errors.InvalidGlobbing,
-            self.db.get_range_from_index, 'test-idx', None, ('*', 'v*'))
-
-    def test_get_from_index_fails_if_no_index(self):
-        self.assertRaises(
-            errors.IndexDoesNotExist, self.db.get_from_index, 'foo')
-
-    def test_get_index_keys_fails_if_no_index(self):
-        self.assertRaises(errors.IndexDoesNotExist,
-                          self.db.get_index_keys,
-                          'foo')
-
-    def test_get_index_keys_works_if_no_docs(self):
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        self.assertEqual([], self.db.get_index_keys('test-idx'))
-
-    def test_put_updates_index(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        new_content = '{"key": "altval"}'
-        doc.set_json(new_content)
-        self.db.put_doc(doc)
-        self.assertEqual([], self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', 'value'))
-        self.assertEqual([doc], self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', 'altval'))
-
-    def test_delete_updates_index(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        self.assertEqual(
-            sorted([doc, doc2]),
-            sorted(self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', 'value')))
-        self.db.delete_doc(doc)
-        self.assertEqual([doc2], self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', 'value'))
-
-    def test_get_from_index_illegal_number_of_entries(self):
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'k1', 'k2')
-        self.assertRaises(
-            errors.InvalidValueForIndex, self.db.get_from_index, 'test-idx')
-        self.assertRaises(
-            errors.InvalidValueForIndex,
-            self.db.get_from_index, 'test-idx', 'v1')
-        self.assertRaises(
-            errors.InvalidValueForIndex,
-            self.db.get_from_index, 'test-idx', 'v1', 'v2', 'v3')
-
-    def test_get_from_index_illegal_wildcard_order(self):
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'k1', 'k2')
-        self.assertRaises(
-            errors.InvalidGlobbing,
-            self.db.get_from_index, 'test-idx', '*', 'v2')
-
-    def test_get_from_index_illegal_glob_after_wildcard(self):
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'k1', 'k2')
-        self.assertRaises(
-            errors.InvalidGlobbing,
-            self.db.get_from_index, 'test-idx', '*', 'v*')
-
-    def test_get_all_from_index(self):
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(nested_doc)
-        # This one should not be in the index
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"no": "key"}')
-        diff_value_doc = '{"key": "diff value"}'
-        doc4 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(diff_value_doc)
-        # This is essentially a 'prefix' match, but we match every entry.
-        self.assertEqual(
-            sorted([doc1, doc2, doc4]),
-            sorted(self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', '*')))
-
-    def test_get_all_from_index_ordered(self):
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "value x"}')
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "value b"}')
-        doc3 = self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "value a"}')
-        doc4 = self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": "value m"}')
-        # This is essentially a 'prefix' match, but we match every entry.
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [doc3, doc2, doc4, doc1], self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', '*'))
-
-    def test_put_updates_when_adding_key(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json("{}")
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        self.assertEqual([], self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', '*'))
-        doc.set_json(simple_doc)
-        self.db.put_doc(doc)
-        self.assertEqual([doc], self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', '*'))
-
-    def test_get_from_index_empty_string(self):
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        content2 = '{"key": ""}'
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(content2)
-        self.assertEqual([doc2], self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', ''))
-        # Empty string matches the wildcard.
-        self.assertEqual(
-            sorted([doc1, doc2]),
-            sorted(self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', '*')))
-
-    def test_get_from_index_not_null(self):
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key": null}')
-        self.assertEqual([doc1], self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', '*'))
-
-    def test_get_partial_from_index(self):
-        content1 = '{"k1": "v1", "k2": "v2"}'
-        content2 = '{"k1": "v1", "k2": "x2"}'
-        content3 = '{"k1": "v1", "k2": "y2"}'
-        # doc4 has a different k1 value, so it doesn't match the prefix.
-        content4 = '{"k1": "NN", "k2": "v2"}'
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(content1)
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(content2)
-        doc3 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(content3)
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json(content4)
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'k1', 'k2')
-        self.assertEqual(
-            sorted([doc1, doc2, doc3]),
-            sorted(self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', "v1", "*")))
-
-    def test_get_glob_match(self):
-        # Note: the exact glob syntax is probably subject to change
-        content1 = '{"k1": "v1", "k2": "v1"}'
-        content2 = '{"k1": "v1", "k2": "v2"}'
-        content3 = '{"k1": "v1", "k2": "v3"}'
-        # doc4 has a different k2 prefix value, so it doesn't match
-        content4 = '{"k1": "v1", "k2": "ZZ"}'
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'k1', 'k2')
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(content1)
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(content2)
-        doc3 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(content3)
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json(content4)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            sorted([doc1, doc2, doc3]),
-            sorted(self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', "v1", "v*")))
-
-    def test_nested_index(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(nested_doc)
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'sub.doc')
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [doc], self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', 'underneath'))
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(nested_doc)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            sorted([doc, doc2]),
-            sorted(self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', 'underneath')))
-
-    def test_nested_nonexistent(self):
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json(nested_doc)
-        # sub exists, but sub.foo does not:
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'sub.foo')
-        self.assertEqual([], self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', '*'))
-
-    def test_nested_nonexistent2(self):
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json(nested_doc)
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'sub.foo.bar.baz.qux.fnord')
-        self.assertEqual([], self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', '*'))
-
-    def test_nested_traverses_lists(self):
-        # subpath finds dicts in list
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(
-            '{"foo": [{"zap": "bar"}, {"zap": "baz"}]}')
-        # subpath only finds dicts in list
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"foo": ["zap", "baz"]}')
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'foo.zap')
-        self.assertEqual([doc], self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', 'bar'))
-        self.assertEqual([doc], self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', 'baz'))
-
-    def test_nested_list_traversal(self):
-        # subpath finds dicts in list
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(
-            '{"foo": [{"zap": [{"qux": "fnord"}, {"qux": "zombo"}]},'
-            '{"zap": "baz"}]}')
-        # subpath only finds dicts in list
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'foo.zap.qux')
-        self.assertEqual([doc], self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', 'fnord'))
-        self.assertEqual([doc], self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', 'zombo'))
-
-    def test_index_list1(self):
-        self.db.create_index("index", "name")
-        content = '{"name": ["foo", "bar"]}'
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(content)
-        rows = self.db.get_from_index("index", "bar")
-        self.assertEqual([doc], rows)
-
-    def test_index_list2(self):
-        self.db.create_index("index", "name")
-        content = '{"name": ["foo", "bar"]}'
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(content)
-        rows = self.db.get_from_index("index", "foo")
-        self.assertEqual([doc], rows)
-
-    def test_get_from_index_case_sensitive(self):
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.assertEqual([], self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', 'V*'))
-        self.assertEqual([doc1], self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', 'v*'))
-
-    def test_get_from_index_illegal_glob_before_value(self):
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'k1', 'k2')
-        self.assertRaises(
-            errors.InvalidGlobbing,
-            self.db.get_from_index, 'test-idx', 'v*', 'v2')
-
-    def test_get_from_index_illegal_glob_after_glob(self):
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'k1', 'k2')
-        self.assertRaises(
-            errors.InvalidGlobbing,
-            self.db.get_from_index, 'test-idx', 'v*', 'v*')
-
-    def test_get_from_index_with_sql_wildcards(self):
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        content1 = '{"key": "va%lue"}'
-        content2 = '{"key": "value"}'
-        content3 = '{"key": "va_lue"}'
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(content1)
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json(content2)
-        doc3 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(content3)
-        # The '%' in the search should be treated literally, not as a sql
-        # globbing character.
-        self.assertEqual([doc1], self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', 'va%*'))
-        # Same for '_'
-        self.assertEqual([doc3], self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', 'va_*'))
-
-    def test_get_from_index_with_lower(self):
-        self.db.create_index("index", "lower(name)")
-        content = '{"name": "Foo"}'
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(content)
-        rows = self.db.get_from_index("index", "foo")
-        self.assertEqual([doc], rows)
-
-    def test_get_from_index_with_lower_matches_same_case(self):
-        self.db.create_index("index", "lower(name)")
-        content = '{"name": "foo"}'
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(content)
-        rows = self.db.get_from_index("index", "foo")
-        self.assertEqual([doc], rows)
-
-    def test_index_lower_doesnt_match_different_case(self):
-        self.db.create_index("index", "lower(name)")
-        content = '{"name": "Foo"}'
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json(content)
-        rows = self.db.get_from_index("index", "Foo")
-        self.assertEqual([], rows)
-
-    def test_index_lower_doesnt_match_other_index(self):
-        self.db.create_index("index", "lower(name)")
-        self.db.create_index("other_index", "name")
-        content = '{"name": "Foo"}'
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json(content)
-        rows = self.db.get_from_index("index", "Foo")
-        self.assertEqual(0, len(rows))
-
-    def test_index_split_words_match_first(self):
-        self.db.create_index("index", "split_words(name)")
-        content = '{"name": "foo bar"}'
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(content)
-        rows = self.db.get_from_index("index", "foo")
-        self.assertEqual([doc], rows)
-
-    def test_index_split_words_match_second(self):
-        self.db.create_index("index", "split_words(name)")
-        content = '{"name": "foo bar"}'
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(content)
-        rows = self.db.get_from_index("index", "bar")
-        self.assertEqual([doc], rows)
-
-    def test_index_split_words_match_both(self):
-        self.db.create_index("index", "split_words(name)")
-        content = '{"name": "foo foo"}'
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(content)
-        rows = self.db.get_from_index("index", "foo")
-        self.assertEqual([doc], rows)
-
-    def test_index_split_words_double_space(self):
-        self.db.create_index("index", "split_words(name)")
-        content = '{"name": "foo  bar"}'
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(content)
-        rows = self.db.get_from_index("index", "bar")
-        self.assertEqual([doc], rows)
-
-    def test_index_split_words_leading_space(self):
-        self.db.create_index("index", "split_words(name)")
-        content = '{"name": " foo bar"}'
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(content)
-        rows = self.db.get_from_index("index", "foo")
-        self.assertEqual([doc], rows)
-
-    def test_index_split_words_trailing_space(self):
-        self.db.create_index("index", "split_words(name)")
-        content = '{"name": "foo bar "}'
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(content)
-        rows = self.db.get_from_index("index", "bar")
-        self.assertEqual([doc], rows)
-
-    def test_get_from_index_with_number(self):
-        self.db.create_index("index", "number(foo, 5)")
-        content = '{"foo": 12}'
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(content)
-        rows = self.db.get_from_index("index", "00012")
-        self.assertEqual([doc], rows)
-
-    def test_get_from_index_with_number_bigger_than_padding(self):
-        self.db.create_index("index", "number(foo, 5)")
-        content = '{"foo": 123456}'
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(content)
-        rows = self.db.get_from_index("index", "123456")
-        self.assertEqual([doc], rows)
-
-    def test_number_mapping_ignores_non_numbers(self):
-        self.db.create_index("index", "number(foo, 5)")
-        content = '{"foo": 56}'
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(content)
-        content = '{"foo": "this is not a maigret painting"}'
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json(content)
-        rows = self.db.get_from_index("index", "*")
-        self.assertEqual([doc1], rows)
-
-    def test_get_from_index_with_bool(self):
-        self.db.create_index("index", "bool(foo)")
-        content = '{"foo": true}'
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(content)
-        rows = self.db.get_from_index("index", "1")
-        self.assertEqual([doc], rows)
-
-    def test_get_from_index_with_bool_false(self):
-        self.db.create_index("index", "bool(foo)")
-        content = '{"foo": false}'
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(content)
-        rows = self.db.get_from_index("index", "0")
-        self.assertEqual([doc], rows)
-
-    def test_get_from_index_with_non_bool(self):
-        self.db.create_index("index", "bool(foo)")
-        content = '{"foo": 42}'
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json(content)
-        rows = self.db.get_from_index("index", "*")
-        self.assertEqual([], rows)
-
-    def test_get_from_index_with_combine(self):
-        self.db.create_index("index", "combine(foo, bar)")
-        content = '{"foo": "value1", "bar": "value2"}'
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(content)
-        rows = self.db.get_from_index("index", "value1")
-        self.assertEqual([doc], rows)
-        rows = self.db.get_from_index("index", "value2")
-        self.assertEqual([doc], rows)
-
-    def test_get_complex_combine(self):
-        self.db.create_index(
-            "index", "combine(number(foo, 5), lower(bar), split_words(baz))")
-        content = '{"foo": 12, "bar": "ALLCAPS", "baz": "qux nox"}'
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(content)
-        content = '{"foo": "not a number", "bar": "something"}'
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(content)
-        rows = self.db.get_from_index("index", "00012")
-        self.assertEqual([doc], rows)
-        rows = self.db.get_from_index("index", "allcaps")
-        self.assertEqual([doc], rows)
-        rows = self.db.get_from_index("index", "nox")
-        self.assertEqual([doc], rows)
-        rows = self.db.get_from_index("index", "something")
-        self.assertEqual([doc2], rows)
-
-    def test_get_index_keys_from_index(self):
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        content1 = '{"key": "value1"}'
-        content2 = '{"key": "value2"}'
-        content3 = '{"key": "value2"}'
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json(content1)
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json(content2)
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json(content3)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [('value1',), ('value2',)],
-            sorted(self.db.get_index_keys('test-idx')))
-
-    def test_get_index_keys_from_multicolumn_index(self):
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key1', 'key2')
-        content1 = '{"key1": "value1", "key2": "val2-1"}'
-        content2 = '{"key1": "value2", "key2": "val2-2"}'
-        content3 = '{"key1": "value2", "key2": "val2-2"}'
-        content4 = '{"key1": "value2", "key2": "val3"}'
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json(content1)
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json(content2)
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json(content3)
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json(content4)
-        self.assertEqual([
-            ('value1', 'val2-1'),
-            ('value2', 'val2-2'),
-            ('value2', 'val3')],
-            sorted(self.db.get_index_keys('test-idx')))
-
-    def test_empty_expr(self):
-        self.assertParseError('')
-
-    def test_nested_unknown_operation(self):
-        self.assertParseError('unknown_operation(field1)')
-
-    def test_parse_missing_close_paren(self):
-        self.assertParseError("lower(a")
-
-    def test_parse_trailing_close_paren(self):
-        self.assertParseError("lower(ab))")
-
-    def test_parse_trailing_chars(self):
-        self.assertParseError("lower(ab)adsf")
-
-    def test_parse_empty_op(self):
-        self.assertParseError("(ab)")
-
-    def test_parse_top_level_commas(self):
-        self.assertParseError("a, b")
-
-    def test_invalid_field_name(self):
-        self.assertParseError("a.")
-
-    def test_invalid_inner_field_name(self):
-        self.assertParseError("lower(a.)")
-
-    def test_gobbledigook(self):
-        self.assertParseError("(@#@cc   @#!*DFJSXV(()jccd")
-
-    def test_leading_space(self):
-        self.assertIndexCreatable("  lower(a)")
-
-    def test_trailing_space(self):
-        self.assertIndexCreatable("lower(a)  ")
-
-    def test_spaces_before_open_paren(self):
-        self.assertIndexCreatable("lower  (a)")
-
-    def test_spaces_after_open_paren(self):
-        self.assertIndexCreatable("lower(  a)")
-
-    def test_spaces_before_close_paren(self):
-        self.assertIndexCreatable("lower(a  )")
-
-    def test_spaces_before_comma(self):
-        self.assertIndexCreatable("combine(a  , b  , c)")
-
-    def test_spaces_after_comma(self):
-        self.assertIndexCreatable("combine(a,  b,  c)")
-
-    def test_all_together_now(self):
-        self.assertParseError('    (a) ')
-
-    def test_all_together_now2(self):
-        self.assertParseError('combine(lower(x)x,foo)')
-
-
-class PythonBackendTests(tests.DatabaseBaseTests):
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        super(PythonBackendTests, self).setUp()
-        self.simple_doc = json.loads(simple_doc)
-
-    def test_create_doc_with_factory(self):
-        self.db.set_document_factory(TestAlternativeDocument)
-        doc = self.db.create_doc(self.simple_doc, doc_id='my_doc_id')
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(doc, TestAlternativeDocument))
-
-    def test_get_doc_after_put_with_factory(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc(self.simple_doc, doc_id='my_doc_id')
-        self.db.set_document_factory(TestAlternativeDocument)
-        result = self.db.get_doc('my_doc_id')
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(result, TestAlternativeDocument))
-        self.assertEqual(doc.doc_id, result.doc_id)
-        self.assertEqual(doc.rev, result.rev)
-        self.assertEqual(doc.get_json(), result.get_json())
-        self.assertEqual(False, result.has_conflicts)
-
-    def test_get_doc_nonexisting_with_factory(self):
-        self.db.set_document_factory(TestAlternativeDocument)
-        self.assertIs(None, self.db.get_doc('non-existing'))
-
-    def test_get_all_docs_with_factory(self):
-        self.db.set_document_factory(TestAlternativeDocument)
-        self.db.create_doc(self.simple_doc)
-        self.assertTrue(isinstance(
-            list(self.db.get_all_docs()[1])[0], TestAlternativeDocument))
-
-    def test_get_docs_conflicted_with_factory(self):
-        self.db.set_document_factory(TestAlternativeDocument)
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc(self.simple_doc)
-        doc2 = self.make_document(doc1.doc_id, 'alternate:1', nested_doc)
-        self.db._put_doc_if_newer(
-            doc2, save_conflict=True, replica_uid='r', replica_gen=1,
-            replica_trans_id='foo')
-        self.assertTrue(
-            isinstance(
-                list(self.db.get_docs([doc1.doc_id]))[0],
-                TestAlternativeDocument))
-
-    def test_get_from_index_with_factory(self):
-        self.db.set_document_factory(TestAlternativeDocument)
-        self.db.create_doc(self.simple_doc)
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        self.assertTrue(
-            isinstance(
-                self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', 'value')[0],
-                TestAlternativeDocument))
-
-    def test_sync_exchange_updates_indexes(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc(self.simple_doc)
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        new_content = '{"key": "altval"}'
-        other_rev = 'test:1|z:2'
-        st = self.db.get_sync_target()
-
-        def ignore(doc_id, doc_rev, doc):
-            pass
-
-        doc_other = self.make_document(doc.doc_id, other_rev, new_content)
-        docs_by_gen = [(doc_other, 10, 'T-sid')]
-        st.sync_exchange(
-            docs_by_gen, 'other-replica', last_known_generation=0,
-            last_known_trans_id=None, return_doc_cb=ignore)
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db, doc.doc_id, other_rev, new_content, False)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [doc_other], self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', 'altval'))
-        self.assertEqual([], self.db.get_from_index('test-idx', 'value'))
-
-
-# Use a custom loader to apply the scenarios at load time.
-load_tests = tests.load_with_scenarios
diff --git a/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/test_document.py b/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/test_document.py
deleted file mode 100644
index e706e1a9..00000000
--- a/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/test_document.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,150 +0,0 @@
-# Copyright 2011 Canonical Ltd.
-#
-# This file is part of u1db.
-#
-# u1db is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License version 3
-# as published by the Free Software Foundation.
-#
-# u1db is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-# GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
-#
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
-# along with u1db.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-
-from u1db import errors
-
-from leap.soledad.tests import u1db_tests as tests
-
-
-class TestDocument(tests.TestCase):
-
-    scenarios = ([(
-        'py', {'make_document_for_test': tests.make_document_for_test})])  # +
-        #tests.C_DATABASE_SCENARIOS)
-
-    def test_create_doc(self):
-        doc = self.make_document('doc-id', 'uid:1', tests.simple_doc)
-        self.assertEqual('doc-id', doc.doc_id)
-        self.assertEqual('uid:1', doc.rev)
-        self.assertEqual(tests.simple_doc, doc.get_json())
-        self.assertFalse(doc.has_conflicts)
-
-    def test__repr__(self):
-        doc = self.make_document('doc-id', 'uid:1', tests.simple_doc)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            '%s(doc-id, uid:1, \'{"key": "value"}\')'
-            % (doc.__class__.__name__,),
-            repr(doc))
-
-    def test__repr__conflicted(self):
-        doc = self.make_document('doc-id', 'uid:1', tests.simple_doc,
-                                 has_conflicts=True)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            '%s(doc-id, uid:1, conflicted, \'{"key": "value"}\')'
-            % (doc.__class__.__name__,),
-            repr(doc))
-
-    def test__lt__(self):
-        doc_a = self.make_document('a', 'b', '{}')
-        doc_b = self.make_document('b', 'b', '{}')
-        self.assertTrue(doc_a < doc_b)
-        self.assertTrue(doc_b > doc_a)
-        doc_aa = self.make_document('a', 'a', '{}')
-        self.assertTrue(doc_aa < doc_a)
-
-    def test__eq__(self):
-        doc_a = self.make_document('a', 'b', '{}')
-        doc_b = self.make_document('a', 'b', '{}')
-        self.assertTrue(doc_a == doc_b)
-        doc_b = self.make_document('a', 'b', '{}', has_conflicts=True)
-        self.assertFalse(doc_a == doc_b)
-
-    def test_non_json_dict(self):
-        self.assertRaises(
-            errors.InvalidJSON, self.make_document, 'id', 'uid:1',
-            '"not a json dictionary"')
-
-    def test_non_json(self):
-        self.assertRaises(
-            errors.InvalidJSON, self.make_document, 'id', 'uid:1',
-            'not a json dictionary')
-
-    def test_get_size(self):
-        doc_a = self.make_document('a', 'b', '{"some": "content"}')
-        self.assertEqual(
-            len('a' + 'b' + '{"some": "content"}'), doc_a.get_size())
-
-    def test_get_size_empty_document(self):
-        doc_a = self.make_document('a', 'b', None)
-        self.assertEqual(len('a' + 'b'), doc_a.get_size())
-
-
-class TestPyDocument(tests.TestCase):
-
-    scenarios = ([(
-        'py', {'make_document_for_test': tests.make_document_for_test})])
-
-    def test_get_content(self):
-        doc = self.make_document('id', 'rev', '{"content":""}')
-        self.assertEqual({"content": ""}, doc.content)
-        doc.set_json('{"content": "new"}')
-        self.assertEqual({"content": "new"}, doc.content)
-
-    def test_set_content(self):
-        doc = self.make_document('id', 'rev', '{"content":""}')
-        doc.content = {"content": "new"}
-        self.assertEqual('{"content": "new"}', doc.get_json())
-
-    def test_set_bad_content(self):
-        doc = self.make_document('id', 'rev', '{"content":""}')
-        self.assertRaises(
-            errors.InvalidContent, setattr, doc, 'content',
-            '{"content": "new"}')
-
-    def test_is_tombstone(self):
-        doc_a = self.make_document('a', 'b', '{}')
-        self.assertFalse(doc_a.is_tombstone())
-        doc_a.set_json(None)
-        self.assertTrue(doc_a.is_tombstone())
-
-    def test_make_tombstone(self):
-        doc_a = self.make_document('a', 'b', '{}')
-        self.assertFalse(doc_a.is_tombstone())
-        doc_a.make_tombstone()
-        self.assertTrue(doc_a.is_tombstone())
-
-    def test_same_content_as(self):
-        doc_a = self.make_document('a', 'b', '{}')
-        doc_b = self.make_document('d', 'e', '{}')
-        self.assertTrue(doc_a.same_content_as(doc_b))
-        doc_b = self.make_document('p', 'q', '{}', has_conflicts=True)
-        self.assertTrue(doc_a.same_content_as(doc_b))
-        doc_b.content['key'] = 'value'
-        self.assertFalse(doc_a.same_content_as(doc_b))
-
-    def test_same_content_as_json_order(self):
-        doc_a = self.make_document(
-            'a', 'b', '{"key1": "val1", "key2": "val2"}')
-        doc_b = self.make_document(
-            'c', 'd', '{"key2": "val2", "key1": "val1"}')
-        self.assertTrue(doc_a.same_content_as(doc_b))
-
-    def test_set_json(self):
-        doc = self.make_document('id', 'rev', '{"content":""}')
-        doc.set_json('{"content": "new"}')
-        self.assertEqual('{"content": "new"}', doc.get_json())
-
-    def test_set_json_non_dict(self):
-        doc = self.make_document('id', 'rev', '{"content":""}')
-        self.assertRaises(errors.InvalidJSON, doc.set_json, '"is not a dict"')
-
-    def test_set_json_error(self):
-        doc = self.make_document('id', 'rev', '{"content":""}')
-        self.assertRaises(errors.InvalidJSON, doc.set_json, 'is not json')
-
-
-load_tests = tests.load_with_scenarios
diff --git a/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/test_http_app.py b/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/test_http_app.py
deleted file mode 100644
index e0729aa2..00000000
--- a/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/test_http_app.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1135 +0,0 @@
-# Copyright 2011-2012 Canonical Ltd.
-#
-# This file is part of u1db.
-#
-# u1db is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License version 3
-# as published by the Free Software Foundation.
-#
-# u1db is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-# GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
-#
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
-# along with u1db.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-"""Test the WSGI app."""
-
-import paste.fixture
-import sys
-try:
-    import simplejson as json
-except ImportError:
-    import json  # noqa
-import StringIO
-
-from u1db import (
-    __version__ as _u1db_version,
-    errors,
-    sync,
-)
-
-from leap.soledad.tests import u1db_tests as tests
-
-from u1db.remote import (
-    http_app,
-    http_errors,
-)
-
-
-class TestFencedReader(tests.TestCase):
-
-    def test_init(self):
-        reader = http_app._FencedReader(StringIO.StringIO(""), 25, 100)
-        self.assertEqual(25, reader.remaining)
-
-    def test_read_chunk(self):
-        inp = StringIO.StringIO("abcdef")
-        reader = http_app._FencedReader(inp, 5, 10)
-        data = reader.read_chunk(2)
-        self.assertEqual("ab", data)
-        self.assertEqual(2, inp.tell())
-        self.assertEqual(3, reader.remaining)
-
-    def test_read_chunk_remaining(self):
-        inp = StringIO.StringIO("abcdef")
-        reader = http_app._FencedReader(inp, 4, 10)
-        data = reader.read_chunk(9999)
-        self.assertEqual("abcd", data)
-        self.assertEqual(4, inp.tell())
-        self.assertEqual(0, reader.remaining)
-
-    def test_read_chunk_nothing_left(self):
-        inp = StringIO.StringIO("abc")
-        reader = http_app._FencedReader(inp, 2, 10)
-        reader.read_chunk(2)
-        self.assertEqual(2, inp.tell())
-        self.assertEqual(0, reader.remaining)
-        data = reader.read_chunk(2)
-        self.assertEqual("", data)
-        self.assertEqual(2, inp.tell())
-        self.assertEqual(0, reader.remaining)
-
-    def test_read_chunk_kept(self):
-        inp = StringIO.StringIO("abcde")
-        reader = http_app._FencedReader(inp, 4, 10)
-        reader._kept = "xyz"
-        data = reader.read_chunk(2)  # atmost ignored
-        self.assertEqual("xyz", data)
-        self.assertEqual(0, inp.tell())
-        self.assertEqual(4, reader.remaining)
-        self.assertIsNone(reader._kept)
-
-    def test_getline(self):
-        inp = StringIO.StringIO("abc\r\nde")
-        reader = http_app._FencedReader(inp, 6, 10)
-        reader.MAXCHUNK = 6
-        line = reader.getline()
-        self.assertEqual("abc\r\n", line)
-        self.assertEqual("d", reader._kept)
-
-    def test_getline_exact(self):
-        inp = StringIO.StringIO("abcd\r\nef")
-        reader = http_app._FencedReader(inp, 6, 10)
-        reader.MAXCHUNK = 6
-        line = reader.getline()
-        self.assertEqual("abcd\r\n", line)
-        self.assertIs(None, reader._kept)
-
-    def test_getline_no_newline(self):
-        inp = StringIO.StringIO("abcd")
-        reader = http_app._FencedReader(inp, 4, 10)
-        reader.MAXCHUNK = 6
-        line = reader.getline()
-        self.assertEqual("abcd", line)
-
-    def test_getline_many_chunks(self):
-        inp = StringIO.StringIO("abcde\r\nf")
-        reader = http_app._FencedReader(inp, 8, 10)
-        reader.MAXCHUNK = 4
-        line = reader.getline()
-        self.assertEqual("abcde\r\n", line)
-        self.assertEqual("f", reader._kept)
-        line = reader.getline()
-        self.assertEqual("f", line)
-
-    def test_getline_empty(self):
-        inp = StringIO.StringIO("")
-        reader = http_app._FencedReader(inp, 0, 10)
-        reader.MAXCHUNK = 4
-        line = reader.getline()
-        self.assertEqual("", line)
-        line = reader.getline()
-        self.assertEqual("", line)
-
-    def test_getline_just_newline(self):
-        inp = StringIO.StringIO("\r\n")
-        reader = http_app._FencedReader(inp, 2, 10)
-        reader.MAXCHUNK = 4
-        line = reader.getline()
-        self.assertEqual("\r\n", line)
-        line = reader.getline()
-        self.assertEqual("", line)
-
-    def test_getline_too_large(self):
-        inp = StringIO.StringIO("x" * 50)
-        reader = http_app._FencedReader(inp, 50, 25)
-        reader.MAXCHUNK = 4
-        self.assertRaises(http_app.BadRequest, reader.getline)
-
-    def test_getline_too_large_complete(self):
-        inp = StringIO.StringIO("x" * 25 + "\r\n")
-        reader = http_app._FencedReader(inp, 50, 25)
-        reader.MAXCHUNK = 4
-        self.assertRaises(http_app.BadRequest, reader.getline)
-
-
-class TestHTTPMethodDecorator(tests.TestCase):
-
-    def test_args(self):
-        @http_app.http_method()
-        def f(self, a, b):
-            return self, a, b
-        res = f("self", {"a": "x", "b": "y"}, None)
-        self.assertEqual(("self", "x", "y"), res)
-
-    def test_args_missing(self):
-        @http_app.http_method()
-        def f(self, a, b):
-            return a, b
-        self.assertRaises(http_app.BadRequest, f, "self", {"a": "x"}, None)
-
-    def test_args_unexpected(self):
-        @http_app.http_method()
-        def f(self, a):
-            return a
-        self.assertRaises(http_app.BadRequest, f, "self",
-                                                  {"a": "x", "c": "z"}, None)
-
-    def test_args_default(self):
-        @http_app.http_method()
-        def f(self, a, b="z"):
-            return a, b
-        res = f("self", {"a": "x"}, None)
-        self.assertEqual(("x", "z"), res)
-
-    def test_args_conversion(self):
-        @http_app.http_method(b=int)
-        def f(self, a, b):
-            return self, a, b
-        res = f("self", {"a": "x", "b": "2"}, None)
-        self.assertEqual(("self", "x", 2), res)
-
-        self.assertRaises(http_app.BadRequest, f, "self",
-                                                  {"a": "x", "b": "foo"}, None)
-
-    def test_args_conversion_with_default(self):
-        @http_app.http_method(b=str)
-        def f(self, a, b=None):
-            return self, a, b
-        res = f("self", {"a": "x"}, None)
-        self.assertEqual(("self", "x", None), res)
-
-    def test_args_content(self):
-        @http_app.http_method()
-        def f(self, a, content):
-            return a, content
-        res = f(self, {"a": "x"}, "CONTENT")
-        self.assertEqual(("x", "CONTENT"), res)
-
-    def test_args_content_as_args(self):
-        @http_app.http_method(b=int, content_as_args=True)
-        def f(self, a, b):
-            return self, a, b
-        res = f("self", {"a": "x"}, '{"b": "2"}')
-        self.assertEqual(("self", "x", 2), res)
-
-        self.assertRaises(http_app.BadRequest, f, "self", {}, 'not-json')
-
-    def test_args_content_no_query(self):
-        @http_app.http_method(no_query=True,
-                              content_as_args=True)
-        def f(self, a='a', b='b'):
-            return a, b
-        res = f("self", {}, '{"b": "y"}')
-        self.assertEqual(('a', 'y'), res)
-
-        self.assertRaises(http_app.BadRequest, f, "self", {'a': 'x'},
-                          '{"b": "y"}')
-
-
-class TestResource(object):
-
-    @http_app.http_method()
-    def get(self, a, b):
-        self.args = dict(a=a, b=b)
-        return 'Get'
-
-    @http_app.http_method()
-    def put(self, a, content):
-        self.args = dict(a=a)
-        self.content = content
-        return 'Put'
-
-    @http_app.http_method(content_as_args=True)
-    def put_args(self, a, b):
-        self.args = dict(a=a, b=b)
-        self.order = ['a']
-        self.entries = []
-
-    @http_app.http_method()
-    def put_stream_entry(self, content):
-        self.entries.append(content)
-        self.order.append('s')
-
-    def put_end(self):
-        self.order.append('e')
-        return "Put/end"
-
-
-class parameters:
-    max_request_size = 200000
-    max_entry_size = 100000
-
-
-class TestHTTPInvocationByMethodWithBody(tests.TestCase):
-
-    def test_get(self):
-        resource = TestResource()
-        environ = {'QUERY_STRING': 'a=1&b=2', 'REQUEST_METHOD': 'GET'}
-        invoke = http_app.HTTPInvocationByMethodWithBody(resource, environ,
-                                                         parameters)
-        res = invoke()
-        self.assertEqual('Get', res)
-        self.assertEqual({'a': '1', 'b': '2'}, resource.args)
-
-    def test_put_json(self):
-        resource = TestResource()
-        body = '{"body": true}'
-        environ = {'QUERY_STRING': 'a=1', 'REQUEST_METHOD': 'PUT',
-                   'wsgi.input': StringIO.StringIO(body),
-                   'CONTENT_LENGTH': str(len(body)),
-                   'CONTENT_TYPE': 'application/json'}
-        invoke = http_app.HTTPInvocationByMethodWithBody(resource, environ,
-                                                         parameters)
-        res = invoke()
-        self.assertEqual('Put', res)
-        self.assertEqual({'a': '1'}, resource.args)
-        self.assertEqual('{"body": true}', resource.content)
-
-    def test_put_sync_stream(self):
-        resource = TestResource()
-        body = (
-            '[\r\n'
-            '{"b": 2},\r\n'        # args
-            '{"entry": "x"},\r\n'  # stream entry
-            '{"entry": "y"}\r\n'   # stream entry
-            ']'
-        )
-        environ = {'QUERY_STRING': 'a=1', 'REQUEST_METHOD': 'PUT',
-                   'wsgi.input': StringIO.StringIO(body),
-                   'CONTENT_LENGTH': str(len(body)),
-                   'CONTENT_TYPE': 'application/x-u1db-sync-stream'}
-        invoke = http_app.HTTPInvocationByMethodWithBody(resource, environ,
-                                                         parameters)
-        res = invoke()
-        self.assertEqual('Put/end', res)
-        self.assertEqual({'a': '1', 'b': 2}, resource.args)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            ['{"entry": "x"}', '{"entry": "y"}'], resource.entries)
-        self.assertEqual(['a', 's', 's', 'e'], resource.order)
-
-    def _put_sync_stream(self, body):
-        resource = TestResource()
-        environ = {'QUERY_STRING': 'a=1&b=2', 'REQUEST_METHOD': 'PUT',
-                   'wsgi.input': StringIO.StringIO(body),
-                   'CONTENT_LENGTH': str(len(body)),
-                   'CONTENT_TYPE': 'application/x-u1db-sync-stream'}
-        invoke = http_app.HTTPInvocationByMethodWithBody(resource, environ,
-                                                         parameters)
-        invoke()
-
-    def test_put_sync_stream_wrong_start(self):
-        self.assertRaises(http_app.BadRequest,
-                          self._put_sync_stream, "{}\r\n]")
-
-        self.assertRaises(http_app.BadRequest,
-                          self._put_sync_stream, "\r\n{}\r\n]")
-
-        self.assertRaises(http_app.BadRequest,
-                          self._put_sync_stream, "")
-
-    def test_put_sync_stream_wrong_end(self):
-        self.assertRaises(http_app.BadRequest,
-                          self._put_sync_stream, "[\r\n{}")
-
-        self.assertRaises(http_app.BadRequest,
-                          self._put_sync_stream, "[\r\n")
-
-        self.assertRaises(http_app.BadRequest,
-                          self._put_sync_stream, "[\r\n{}\r\n]\r\n...")
-
-    def test_put_sync_stream_missing_comma(self):
-        self.assertRaises(http_app.BadRequest,
-                          self._put_sync_stream, "[\r\n{}\r\n{}\r\n]")
-
-    def test_put_sync_stream_extra_comma(self):
-        self.assertRaises(http_app.BadRequest,
-                          self._put_sync_stream, "[\r\n{},\r\n]")
-
-        self.assertRaises(http_app.BadRequest,
-                          self._put_sync_stream, "[\r\n{},\r\n{},\r\n]")
-
-    def test_bad_request_decode_failure(self):
-        resource = TestResource()
-        environ = {'QUERY_STRING': 'a=\xff', 'REQUEST_METHOD': 'PUT',
-                   'wsgi.input': StringIO.StringIO('{}'),
-                   'CONTENT_LENGTH': '2',
-                   'CONTENT_TYPE': 'application/json'}
-        invoke = http_app.HTTPInvocationByMethodWithBody(resource, environ,
-                                                         parameters)
-        self.assertRaises(http_app.BadRequest, invoke)
-
-    def test_bad_request_unsupported_content_type(self):
-        resource = TestResource()
-        environ = {'QUERY_STRING': '', 'REQUEST_METHOD': 'PUT',
-                   'wsgi.input': StringIO.StringIO('{}'),
-                   'CONTENT_LENGTH': '2',
-                   'CONTENT_TYPE': 'text/plain'}
-        invoke = http_app.HTTPInvocationByMethodWithBody(resource, environ,
-                                                         parameters)
-        self.assertRaises(http_app.BadRequest, invoke)
-
-    def test_bad_request_content_length_too_large(self):
-        resource = TestResource()
-        environ = {'QUERY_STRING': '', 'REQUEST_METHOD': 'PUT',
-                   'wsgi.input': StringIO.StringIO('{}'),
-                   'CONTENT_LENGTH': '10000',
-                   'CONTENT_TYPE': 'text/plain'}
-
-        resource.max_request_size = 5000
-        resource.max_entry_size = sys.maxint  # we don't get to use this
-
-        invoke = http_app.HTTPInvocationByMethodWithBody(resource, environ,
-                                                         parameters)
-        self.assertRaises(http_app.BadRequest, invoke)
-
-    def test_bad_request_no_content_length(self):
-        resource = TestResource()
-        environ = {'QUERY_STRING': '', 'REQUEST_METHOD': 'PUT',
-                   'wsgi.input': StringIO.StringIO('a'),
-                   'CONTENT_TYPE': 'application/json'}
-        invoke = http_app.HTTPInvocationByMethodWithBody(resource, environ,
-                                                         parameters)
-        self.assertRaises(http_app.BadRequest, invoke)
-
-    def test_bad_request_invalid_content_length(self):
-        resource = TestResource()
-        environ = {'QUERY_STRING': '', 'REQUEST_METHOD': 'PUT',
-                   'wsgi.input': StringIO.StringIO('abc'),
-                   'CONTENT_LENGTH': '1unk',
-                   'CONTENT_TYPE': 'application/json'}
-        invoke = http_app.HTTPInvocationByMethodWithBody(resource, environ,
-                                                         parameters)
-        self.assertRaises(http_app.BadRequest, invoke)
-
-    def test_bad_request_empty_body(self):
-        resource = TestResource()
-        environ = {'QUERY_STRING': '', 'REQUEST_METHOD': 'PUT',
-                   'wsgi.input': StringIO.StringIO(''),
-                   'CONTENT_LENGTH': '0',
-                   'CONTENT_TYPE': 'application/json'}
-        invoke = http_app.HTTPInvocationByMethodWithBody(resource, environ,
-                                                         parameters)
-        self.assertRaises(http_app.BadRequest, invoke)
-
-    def test_bad_request_unsupported_method_get_like(self):
-        resource = TestResource()
-        environ = {'QUERY_STRING': '', 'REQUEST_METHOD': 'DELETE'}
-        invoke = http_app.HTTPInvocationByMethodWithBody(resource, environ,
-                                                         parameters)
-        self.assertRaises(http_app.BadRequest, invoke)
-
-    def test_bad_request_unsupported_method_put_like(self):
-        resource = TestResource()
-        environ = {'QUERY_STRING': '', 'REQUEST_METHOD': 'PUT',
-                   'wsgi.input': StringIO.StringIO('{}'),
-                   'CONTENT_LENGTH': '2',
-                   'CONTENT_TYPE': 'application/json'}
-        invoke = http_app.HTTPInvocationByMethodWithBody(resource, environ,
-                                                         parameters)
-        self.assertRaises(http_app.BadRequest, invoke)
-
-    def test_bad_request_unsupported_method_put_like_multi_json(self):
-        resource = TestResource()
-        body = '{}\r\n{}\r\n'
-        environ = {'QUERY_STRING': '', 'REQUEST_METHOD': 'POST',
-                   'wsgi.input': StringIO.StringIO(body),
-                   'CONTENT_LENGTH': str(len(body)),
-                   'CONTENT_TYPE': 'application/x-u1db-multi-json'}
-        invoke = http_app.HTTPInvocationByMethodWithBody(resource, environ,
-                                                         parameters)
-        self.assertRaises(http_app.BadRequest, invoke)
-
-
-class TestHTTPResponder(tests.TestCase):
-
-    def start_response(self, status, headers):
-        self.status = status
-        self.headers = dict(headers)
-        self.response_body = []
-
-        def write(data):
-            self.response_body.append(data)
-
-        return write
-
-    def test_send_response_content_w_headers(self):
-        responder = http_app.HTTPResponder(self.start_response)
-        responder.send_response_content('foo', headers={'x-a': '1'})
-        self.assertEqual('200 OK', self.status)
-        self.assertEqual({'content-type': 'application/json',
-                          'cache-control': 'no-cache',
-                          'x-a': '1', 'content-length': '3'}, self.headers)
-        self.assertEqual([], self.response_body)
-        self.assertEqual(['foo'], responder.content)
-
-    def test_send_response_json(self):
-        responder = http_app.HTTPResponder(self.start_response)
-        responder.send_response_json(value='success')
-        self.assertEqual('200 OK', self.status)
-        expected_body = '{"value": "success"}\r\n'
-        self.assertEqual({'content-type': 'application/json',
-                          'content-length': str(len(expected_body)),
-                          'cache-control': 'no-cache'}, self.headers)
-        self.assertEqual([], self.response_body)
-        self.assertEqual([expected_body], responder.content)
-
-    def test_send_response_json_status_fail(self):
-        responder = http_app.HTTPResponder(self.start_response)
-        responder.send_response_json(400)
-        self.assertEqual('400 Bad Request', self.status)
-        expected_body = '{}\r\n'
-        self.assertEqual({'content-type': 'application/json',
-                          'content-length': str(len(expected_body)),
-                          'cache-control': 'no-cache'}, self.headers)
-        self.assertEqual([], self.response_body)
-        self.assertEqual([expected_body], responder.content)
-
-    def test_start_finish_response_status_fail(self):
-        responder = http_app.HTTPResponder(self.start_response)
-        responder.start_response(404, {'error': 'not found'})
-        responder.finish_response()
-        self.assertEqual('404 Not Found', self.status)
-        self.assertEqual({'content-type': 'application/json',
-                          'cache-control': 'no-cache'}, self.headers)
-        self.assertEqual(['{"error": "not found"}\r\n'], self.response_body)
-        self.assertEqual([], responder.content)
-
-    def test_send_stream_entry(self):
-        responder = http_app.HTTPResponder(self.start_response)
-        responder.content_type = "application/x-u1db-multi-json"
-        responder.start_response(200)
-        responder.start_stream()
-        responder.stream_entry({'entry': 1})
-        responder.stream_entry({'entry': 2})
-        responder.end_stream()
-        responder.finish_response()
-        self.assertEqual('200 OK', self.status)
-        self.assertEqual({'content-type': 'application/x-u1db-multi-json',
-                          'cache-control': 'no-cache'}, self.headers)
-        self.assertEqual(['[',
-                          '\r\n', '{"entry": 1}',
-                          ',\r\n', '{"entry": 2}',
-                          '\r\n]\r\n'], self.response_body)
-        self.assertEqual([], responder.content)
-
-    def test_send_stream_w_error(self):
-        responder = http_app.HTTPResponder(self.start_response)
-        responder.content_type = "application/x-u1db-multi-json"
-        responder.start_response(200)
-        responder.start_stream()
-        responder.stream_entry({'entry': 1})
-        responder.send_response_json(503, error="unavailable")
-        self.assertEqual('200 OK', self.status)
-        self.assertEqual({'content-type': 'application/x-u1db-multi-json',
-                          'cache-control': 'no-cache'}, self.headers)
-        self.assertEqual(['[',
-                          '\r\n', '{"entry": 1}'], self.response_body)
-        self.assertEqual([',\r\n', '{"error": "unavailable"}\r\n'],
-                         responder.content)
-
-
-class TestHTTPApp(tests.TestCase):
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        super(TestHTTPApp, self).setUp()
-        self.state = tests.ServerStateForTests()
-        self.http_app = http_app.HTTPApp(self.state)
-        self.app = paste.fixture.TestApp(self.http_app)
-        self.db0 = self.state._create_database('db0')
-
-    def test_bad_request_broken(self):
-        resp = self.app.put('/db0/doc/doc1', params='{"x": 1}',
-                            headers={'content-type': 'application/foo'},
-                            expect_errors=True)
-        self.assertEqual(400, resp.status)
-
-    def test_bad_request_dispatch(self):
-        resp = self.app.put('/db0/foo/doc1', params='{"x": 1}',
-                            headers={'content-type': 'application/json'},
-                            expect_errors=True)
-        self.assertEqual(400, resp.status)
-
-    def test_version(self):
-        resp = self.app.get('/')
-        self.assertEqual(200, resp.status)
-        self.assertEqual('application/json', resp.header('content-type'))
-        self.assertEqual({"version": _u1db_version}, json.loads(resp.body))
-
-    def test_create_database(self):
-        resp = self.app.put('/db1', params='{}',
-                            headers={'content-type': 'application/json'})
-        self.assertEqual(200, resp.status)
-        self.assertEqual('application/json', resp.header('content-type'))
-        self.assertEqual({'ok': True}, json.loads(resp.body))
-
-        resp = self.app.put('/db1', params='{}',
-                            headers={'content-type': 'application/json'})
-        self.assertEqual(200, resp.status)
-        self.assertEqual('application/json', resp.header('content-type'))
-        self.assertEqual({'ok': True}, json.loads(resp.body))
-
-    def test_delete_database(self):
-        resp = self.app.delete('/db0')
-        self.assertEqual(200, resp.status)
-        self.assertRaises(errors.DatabaseDoesNotExist,
-                          self.state.check_database, 'db0')
-
-    def test_get_database(self):
-        resp = self.app.get('/db0')
-        self.assertEqual(200, resp.status)
-        self.assertEqual('application/json', resp.header('content-type'))
-        self.assertEqual({}, json.loads(resp.body))
-
-    def test_valid_database_names(self):
-        resp = self.app.get('/a-database', expect_errors=True)
-        self.assertEqual(404, resp.status)
-
-        resp = self.app.get('/db1', expect_errors=True)
-        self.assertEqual(404, resp.status)
-
-        resp = self.app.get('/0', expect_errors=True)
-        self.assertEqual(404, resp.status)
-
-        resp = self.app.get('/0-0', expect_errors=True)
-        self.assertEqual(404, resp.status)
-
-        resp = self.app.get('/org.future', expect_errors=True)
-        self.assertEqual(404, resp.status)
-
-    def test_invalid_database_names(self):
-        resp = self.app.get('/.a', expect_errors=True)
-        self.assertEqual(400, resp.status)
-
-        resp = self.app.get('/-a', expect_errors=True)
-        self.assertEqual(400, resp.status)
-
-        resp = self.app.get('/_a', expect_errors=True)
-        self.assertEqual(400, resp.status)
-
-    def test_put_doc_create(self):
-        resp = self.app.put('/db0/doc/doc1', params='{"x": 1}',
-                            headers={'content-type': 'application/json'})
-        doc = self.db0.get_doc('doc1')
-        self.assertEqual(201, resp.status)  # created
-        self.assertEqual('{"x": 1}', doc.get_json())
-        self.assertEqual('application/json', resp.header('content-type'))
-        self.assertEqual({'rev': doc.rev}, json.loads(resp.body))
-
-    def test_put_doc(self):
-        doc = self.db0.create_doc_from_json('{"x": 1}', doc_id='doc1')
-        resp = self.app.put('/db0/doc/doc1?old_rev=%s' % doc.rev,
-                            params='{"x": 2}',
-                            headers={'content-type': 'application/json'})
-        doc = self.db0.get_doc('doc1')
-        self.assertEqual(200, resp.status)
-        self.assertEqual('{"x": 2}', doc.get_json())
-        self.assertEqual('application/json', resp.header('content-type'))
-        self.assertEqual({'rev': doc.rev}, json.loads(resp.body))
-
-    def test_put_doc_too_large(self):
-        self.http_app.max_request_size = 15000
-        doc = self.db0.create_doc_from_json('{"x": 1}', doc_id='doc1')
-        resp = self.app.put('/db0/doc/doc1?old_rev=%s' % doc.rev,
-                            params='{"%s": 2}' % ('z' * 16000),
-                            headers={'content-type': 'application/json'},
-                            expect_errors=True)
-        self.assertEqual(400, resp.status)
-
-    def test_delete_doc(self):
-        doc = self.db0.create_doc_from_json('{"x": 1}', doc_id='doc1')
-        resp = self.app.delete('/db0/doc/doc1?old_rev=%s' % doc.rev)
-        doc = self.db0.get_doc('doc1', include_deleted=True)
-        self.assertEqual(None, doc.content)
-        self.assertEqual(200, resp.status)
-        self.assertEqual('application/json', resp.header('content-type'))
-        self.assertEqual({'rev': doc.rev}, json.loads(resp.body))
-
-    def test_get_doc(self):
-        doc = self.db0.create_doc_from_json('{"x": 1}', doc_id='doc1')
-        resp = self.app.get('/db0/doc/%s' % doc.doc_id)
-        self.assertEqual(200, resp.status)
-        self.assertEqual('application/json', resp.header('content-type'))
-        self.assertEqual('{"x": 1}', resp.body)
-        self.assertEqual(doc.rev, resp.header('x-u1db-rev'))
-        self.assertEqual('false', resp.header('x-u1db-has-conflicts'))
-
-    def test_get_doc_non_existing(self):
-        resp = self.app.get('/db0/doc/not-there', expect_errors=True)
-        self.assertEqual(404, resp.status)
-        self.assertEqual('application/json', resp.header('content-type'))
-        self.assertEqual(
-            {"error": "document does not exist"}, json.loads(resp.body))
-        self.assertEqual('', resp.header('x-u1db-rev'))
-        self.assertEqual('false', resp.header('x-u1db-has-conflicts'))
-
-    def test_get_doc_deleted(self):
-        doc = self.db0.create_doc_from_json('{"x": 1}', doc_id='doc1')
-        self.db0.delete_doc(doc)
-        resp = self.app.get('/db0/doc/doc1', expect_errors=True)
-        self.assertEqual(404, resp.status)
-        self.assertEqual('application/json', resp.header('content-type'))
-        self.assertEqual(
-            {"error": errors.DocumentDoesNotExist.wire_description},
-            json.loads(resp.body))
-
-    def test_get_doc_deleted_explicit_exclude(self):
-        doc = self.db0.create_doc_from_json('{"x": 1}', doc_id='doc1')
-        self.db0.delete_doc(doc)
-        resp = self.app.get(
-            '/db0/doc/doc1?include_deleted=false', expect_errors=True)
-        self.assertEqual(404, resp.status)
-        self.assertEqual('application/json', resp.header('content-type'))
-        self.assertEqual(
-            {"error": errors.DocumentDoesNotExist.wire_description},
-            json.loads(resp.body))
-
-    def test_get_deleted_doc(self):
-        doc = self.db0.create_doc_from_json('{"x": 1}', doc_id='doc1')
-        self.db0.delete_doc(doc)
-        resp = self.app.get(
-            '/db0/doc/doc1?include_deleted=true', expect_errors=True)
-        self.assertEqual(404, resp.status)
-        self.assertEqual('application/json', resp.header('content-type'))
-        self.assertEqual(
-            {"error": errors.DOCUMENT_DELETED}, json.loads(resp.body))
-        self.assertEqual(doc.rev, resp.header('x-u1db-rev'))
-        self.assertEqual('false', resp.header('x-u1db-has-conflicts'))
-
-    def test_get_doc_non_existing_dabase(self):
-        resp = self.app.get('/not-there/doc/doc1', expect_errors=True)
-        self.assertEqual(404, resp.status)
-        self.assertEqual('application/json', resp.header('content-type'))
-        self.assertEqual(
-            {"error": "database does not exist"}, json.loads(resp.body))
-
-    def test_get_docs(self):
-        doc1 = self.db0.create_doc_from_json('{"x": 1}', doc_id='doc1')
-        doc2 = self.db0.create_doc_from_json('{"x": 1}', doc_id='doc2')
-        ids = ','.join([doc1.doc_id, doc2.doc_id])
-        resp = self.app.get('/db0/docs?doc_ids=%s' % ids)
-        self.assertEqual(200, resp.status)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            'application/json', resp.header('content-type'))
-        expected = [
-            {"content": '{"x": 1}', "doc_rev": "db0:1", "doc_id": "doc1",
-             "has_conflicts": False},
-            {"content": '{"x": 1}', "doc_rev": "db0:1", "doc_id": "doc2",
-             "has_conflicts": False}]
-        self.assertEqual(expected, json.loads(resp.body))
-
-    def test_get_docs_missing_doc_ids(self):
-        resp = self.app.get('/db0/docs', expect_errors=True)
-        self.assertEqual(400, resp.status)
-        self.assertEqual('application/json', resp.header('content-type'))
-        self.assertEqual(
-            {"error": "missing document ids"}, json.loads(resp.body))
-
-    def test_get_docs_empty_doc_ids(self):
-        resp = self.app.get('/db0/docs?doc_ids=', expect_errors=True)
-        self.assertEqual(400, resp.status)
-        self.assertEqual('application/json', resp.header('content-type'))
-        self.assertEqual(
-            {"error": "missing document ids"}, json.loads(resp.body))
-
-    def test_get_docs_percent(self):
-        doc1 = self.db0.create_doc_from_json('{"x": 1}', doc_id='doc%1')
-        doc2 = self.db0.create_doc_from_json('{"x": 1}', doc_id='doc2')
-        ids = ','.join([doc1.doc_id, doc2.doc_id])
-        resp = self.app.get('/db0/docs?doc_ids=%s' % ids)
-        self.assertEqual(200, resp.status)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            'application/json', resp.header('content-type'))
-        expected = [
-            {"content": '{"x": 1}', "doc_rev": "db0:1", "doc_id": "doc%1",
-             "has_conflicts": False},
-            {"content": '{"x": 1}', "doc_rev": "db0:1", "doc_id": "doc2",
-             "has_conflicts": False}]
-        self.assertEqual(expected, json.loads(resp.body))
-
-    def test_get_docs_deleted(self):
-        doc1 = self.db0.create_doc_from_json('{"x": 1}', doc_id='doc1')
-        doc2 = self.db0.create_doc_from_json('{"x": 1}', doc_id='doc2')
-        self.db0.delete_doc(doc2)
-        ids = ','.join([doc1.doc_id, doc2.doc_id])
-        resp = self.app.get('/db0/docs?doc_ids=%s' % ids)
-        self.assertEqual(200, resp.status)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            'application/json', resp.header('content-type'))
-        expected = [
-            {"content": '{"x": 1}', "doc_rev": "db0:1", "doc_id": "doc1",
-             "has_conflicts": False}]
-        self.assertEqual(expected, json.loads(resp.body))
-
-    def test_get_docs_include_deleted(self):
-        doc1 = self.db0.create_doc_from_json('{"x": 1}', doc_id='doc1')
-        doc2 = self.db0.create_doc_from_json('{"x": 1}', doc_id='doc2')
-        self.db0.delete_doc(doc2)
-        ids = ','.join([doc1.doc_id, doc2.doc_id])
-        resp = self.app.get('/db0/docs?doc_ids=%s&include_deleted=true' % ids)
-        self.assertEqual(200, resp.status)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            'application/json', resp.header('content-type'))
-        expected = [
-            {"content": '{"x": 1}', "doc_rev": "db0:1", "doc_id": "doc1",
-             "has_conflicts": False},
-            {"content": None, "doc_rev": "db0:2", "doc_id": "doc2",
-             "has_conflicts": False}]
-        self.assertEqual(expected, json.loads(resp.body))
-
-    def test_get_sync_info(self):
-        self.db0._set_replica_gen_and_trans_id('other-id', 1, 'T-transid')
-        resp = self.app.get('/db0/sync-from/other-id')
-        self.assertEqual(200, resp.status)
-        self.assertEqual('application/json', resp.header('content-type'))
-        self.assertEqual(dict(target_replica_uid='db0',
-                              target_replica_generation=0,
-                              target_replica_transaction_id='',
-                              source_replica_uid='other-id',
-                              source_replica_generation=1,
-                              source_transaction_id='T-transid'),
-                         json.loads(resp.body))
-
-    def test_record_sync_info(self):
-        resp = self.app.put('/db0/sync-from/other-id',
-                            params='{"generation": 2, "transaction_id": '
-                                   '"T-transid"}',
-                            headers={'content-type': 'application/json'})
-        self.assertEqual(200, resp.status)
-        self.assertEqual('application/json', resp.header('content-type'))
-        self.assertEqual({'ok': True}, json.loads(resp.body))
-        self.assertEqual(
-            (2, 'T-transid'),
-            self.db0._get_replica_gen_and_trans_id('other-id'))
-
-    def test_sync_exchange_send(self):
-        entries = {
-            10: {'id': 'doc-here', 'rev': 'replica:1', 'content':
-                 '{"value": "here"}', 'gen': 10, 'trans_id': 'T-sid'},
-            11: {'id': 'doc-here2', 'rev': 'replica:1', 'content':
-                 '{"value": "here2"}', 'gen': 11, 'trans_id': 'T-sed'}
-        }
-
-        gens = []
-        _do_set_replica_gen_and_trans_id = \
-            self.db0._do_set_replica_gen_and_trans_id
-
-        def set_sync_generation_witness(other_uid, other_gen, other_trans_id):
-            gens.append((other_uid, other_gen))
-            _do_set_replica_gen_and_trans_id(
-                other_uid, other_gen, other_trans_id)
-            self.assertGetDoc(self.db0, entries[other_gen]['id'],
-                              entries[other_gen]['rev'],
-                              entries[other_gen]['content'], False)
-
-        self.patch(
-            self.db0, '_do_set_replica_gen_and_trans_id',
-            set_sync_generation_witness)
-
-        args = dict(last_known_generation=0)
-        body = ("[\r\n" +
-                "%s,\r\n" % json.dumps(args) +
-                "%s,\r\n" % json.dumps(entries[10]) +
-                "%s\r\n" % json.dumps(entries[11]) +
-                "]\r\n")
-        resp = self.app.post('/db0/sync-from/replica',
-                             params=body,
-                             headers={'content-type':
-                                      'application/x-u1db-sync-stream'})
-        self.assertEqual(200, resp.status)
-        self.assertEqual('application/x-u1db-sync-stream',
-                         resp.header('content-type'))
-        bits = resp.body.split('\r\n')
-        self.assertEqual('[', bits[0])
-        last_trans_id = self.db0._get_transaction_log()[-1][1]
-        self.assertEqual({'new_generation': 2,
-                          'new_transaction_id': last_trans_id},
-                         json.loads(bits[1]))
-        self.assertEqual(']', bits[2])
-        self.assertEqual('', bits[3])
-        self.assertEqual([('replica', 10), ('replica', 11)], gens)
-
-    def test_sync_exchange_send_ensure(self):
-        entries = {
-            10: {'id': 'doc-here', 'rev': 'replica:1', 'content':
-                 '{"value": "here"}', 'gen': 10, 'trans_id': 'T-sid'},
-            11: {'id': 'doc-here2', 'rev': 'replica:1', 'content':
-                 '{"value": "here2"}', 'gen': 11, 'trans_id': 'T-sed'}
-        }
-
-        args = dict(last_known_generation=0, ensure=True)
-        body = ("[\r\n" +
-                "%s,\r\n" % json.dumps(args) +
-                "%s,\r\n" % json.dumps(entries[10]) +
-                "%s\r\n" % json.dumps(entries[11]) +
-                "]\r\n")
-        resp = self.app.post('/dbnew/sync-from/replica',
-                             params=body,
-                             headers={'content-type':
-                                      'application/x-u1db-sync-stream'})
-        self.assertEqual(200, resp.status)
-        self.assertEqual('application/x-u1db-sync-stream',
-                         resp.header('content-type'))
-        bits = resp.body.split('\r\n')
-        self.assertEqual('[', bits[0])
-        dbnew = self.state.open_database("dbnew")
-        last_trans_id = dbnew._get_transaction_log()[-1][1]
-        self.assertEqual({'new_generation': 2,
-                          'new_transaction_id': last_trans_id,
-                          'replica_uid': dbnew._replica_uid},
-                         json.loads(bits[1]))
-        self.assertEqual(']', bits[2])
-        self.assertEqual('', bits[3])
-
-    def test_sync_exchange_send_entry_too_large(self):
-        self.patch(http_app.SyncResource, 'max_request_size', 20000)
-        self.patch(http_app.SyncResource, 'max_entry_size', 10000)
-        entries = {
-            10: {'id': 'doc-here', 'rev': 'replica:1', 'content':
-                 '{"value": "%s"}' % ('H' * 11000), 'gen': 10},
-        }
-        args = dict(last_known_generation=0)
-        body = ("[\r\n" +
-                "%s,\r\n" % json.dumps(args) +
-                "%s\r\n" % json.dumps(entries[10]) +
-                "]\r\n")
-        resp = self.app.post('/db0/sync-from/replica',
-                             params=body,
-                             headers={'content-type':
-                                      'application/x-u1db-sync-stream'},
-                             expect_errors=True)
-        self.assertEqual(400, resp.status)
-
-    def test_sync_exchange_receive(self):
-        doc = self.db0.create_doc_from_json('{"value": "there"}')
-        doc2 = self.db0.create_doc_from_json('{"value": "there2"}')
-        args = dict(last_known_generation=0)
-        body = "[\r\n%s\r\n]" % json.dumps(args)
-        resp = self.app.post('/db0/sync-from/replica',
-                             params=body,
-                             headers={'content-type':
-                                      'application/x-u1db-sync-stream'})
-        self.assertEqual(200, resp.status)
-        self.assertEqual('application/x-u1db-sync-stream',
-                         resp.header('content-type'))
-        parts = resp.body.splitlines()
-        self.assertEqual(5, len(parts))
-        self.assertEqual('[', parts[0])
-        last_trans_id = self.db0._get_transaction_log()[-1][1]
-        self.assertEqual({'new_generation': 2,
-                          'new_transaction_id': last_trans_id},
-                         json.loads(parts[1].rstrip(",")))
-        part2 = json.loads(parts[2].rstrip(","))
-        self.assertTrue(part2['trans_id'].startswith('T-'))
-        self.assertEqual('{"value": "there"}', part2['content'])
-        self.assertEqual(doc.rev, part2['rev'])
-        self.assertEqual(doc.doc_id, part2['id'])
-        self.assertEqual(1, part2['gen'])
-        part3 = json.loads(parts[3].rstrip(","))
-        self.assertTrue(part3['trans_id'].startswith('T-'))
-        self.assertEqual('{"value": "there2"}', part3['content'])
-        self.assertEqual(doc2.rev, part3['rev'])
-        self.assertEqual(doc2.doc_id, part3['id'])
-        self.assertEqual(2, part3['gen'])
-        self.assertEqual(']', parts[4])
-
-    def test_sync_exchange_error_in_stream(self):
-        args = dict(last_known_generation=0)
-        body = "[\r\n%s\r\n]" % json.dumps(args)
-
-        def boom(self, return_doc_cb):
-            raise errors.Unavailable
-
-        self.patch(sync.SyncExchange, 'return_docs',
-                   boom)
-        resp = self.app.post('/db0/sync-from/replica',
-                             params=body,
-                             headers={'content-type':
-                                      'application/x-u1db-sync-stream'})
-        self.assertEqual(200, resp.status)
-        self.assertEqual('application/x-u1db-sync-stream',
-                         resp.header('content-type'))
-        parts = resp.body.splitlines()
-        self.assertEqual(3, len(parts))
-        self.assertEqual('[', parts[0])
-        self.assertEqual({'new_generation': 0, 'new_transaction_id': ''},
-                         json.loads(parts[1].rstrip(",")))
-        self.assertEqual({'error': 'unavailable'}, json.loads(parts[2]))
-
-
-class TestRequestHooks(tests.TestCase):
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        super(TestRequestHooks, self).setUp()
-        self.state = tests.ServerStateForTests()
-        self.http_app = http_app.HTTPApp(self.state)
-        self.app = paste.fixture.TestApp(self.http_app)
-        self.db0 = self.state._create_database('db0')
-
-    def test_begin_and_done(self):
-        calls = []
-
-        def begin(environ):
-            self.assertTrue('PATH_INFO' in environ)
-            calls.append('begin')
-
-        def done(environ):
-            self.assertTrue('PATH_INFO' in environ)
-            calls.append('done')
-
-        self.http_app.request_begin = begin
-        self.http_app.request_done = done
-
-        doc = self.db0.create_doc_from_json('{"x": 1}', doc_id='doc1')
-        self.app.get('/db0/doc/%s' % doc.doc_id)
-
-        self.assertEqual(['begin', 'done'], calls)
-
-    def test_bad_request(self):
-        calls = []
-
-        def begin(environ):
-            self.assertTrue('PATH_INFO' in environ)
-            calls.append('begin')
-
-        def bad_request(environ):
-            self.assertTrue('PATH_INFO' in environ)
-            calls.append('bad-request')
-
-        self.http_app.request_begin = begin
-        self.http_app.request_bad_request = bad_request
-        # shouldn't be called
-        self.http_app.request_done = lambda env: 1 / 0
-
-        resp = self.app.put('/db0/foo/doc1', params='{"x": 1}',
-                            headers={'content-type': 'application/json'},
-                            expect_errors=True)
-        self.assertEqual(400, resp.status)
-        self.assertEqual(['begin', 'bad-request'], calls)
-
-
-class TestHTTPErrors(tests.TestCase):
-
-    def test_wire_description_to_status(self):
-        self.assertNotIn("error", http_errors.wire_description_to_status)
-
-
-class TestHTTPAppErrorHandling(tests.TestCase):
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        super(TestHTTPAppErrorHandling, self).setUp()
-        self.exc = None
-        self.state = tests.ServerStateForTests()
-
-        class ErroringResource(object):
-
-            def post(_, args, content):
-                raise self.exc
-
-        def lookup_resource(environ, responder):
-            return ErroringResource()
-
-        self.http_app = http_app.HTTPApp(self.state)
-        self.http_app._lookup_resource = lookup_resource
-        self.app = paste.fixture.TestApp(self.http_app)
-
-    def test_RevisionConflict_etc(self):
-        self.exc = errors.RevisionConflict()
-        resp = self.app.post('/req', params='{}',
-                             headers={'content-type': 'application/json'},
-                             expect_errors=True)
-        self.assertEqual(409, resp.status)
-        self.assertEqual('application/json', resp.header('content-type'))
-        self.assertEqual({"error": "revision conflict"},
-                         json.loads(resp.body))
-
-    def test_Unavailable(self):
-        self.exc = errors.Unavailable
-        resp = self.app.post('/req', params='{}',
-                             headers={'content-type': 'application/json'},
-                             expect_errors=True)
-        self.assertEqual(503, resp.status)
-        self.assertEqual('application/json', resp.header('content-type'))
-        self.assertEqual({"error": "unavailable"},
-                         json.loads(resp.body))
-
-    def test_generic_u1db_errors(self):
-        self.exc = errors.U1DBError()
-        resp = self.app.post('/req', params='{}',
-                             headers={'content-type': 'application/json'},
-                             expect_errors=True)
-        self.assertEqual(500, resp.status)
-        self.assertEqual('application/json', resp.header('content-type'))
-        self.assertEqual({"error": "error"},
-                         json.loads(resp.body))
-
-    def test_generic_u1db_errors_hooks(self):
-        calls = []
-
-        def begin(environ):
-            self.assertTrue('PATH_INFO' in environ)
-            calls.append('begin')
-
-        def u1db_error(environ, exc):
-            self.assertTrue('PATH_INFO' in environ)
-            calls.append(('error', exc))
-
-        self.http_app.request_begin = begin
-        self.http_app.request_u1db_error = u1db_error
-        # shouldn't be called
-        self.http_app.request_done = lambda env: 1 / 0
-
-        self.exc = errors.U1DBError()
-        resp = self.app.post('/req', params='{}',
-                             headers={'content-type': 'application/json'},
-                             expect_errors=True)
-        self.assertEqual(500, resp.status)
-        self.assertEqual(['begin', ('error', self.exc)], calls)
-
-    def test_failure(self):
-        class Failure(Exception):
-            pass
-        self.exc = Failure()
-        self.assertRaises(Failure, self.app.post, '/req', params='{}',
-                          headers={'content-type': 'application/json'})
-
-    def test_failure_hooks(self):
-        class Failure(Exception):
-            pass
-        calls = []
-
-        def begin(environ):
-            calls.append('begin')
-
-        def failed(environ):
-            self.assertTrue('PATH_INFO' in environ)
-            calls.append(('failed', sys.exc_info()))
-
-        self.http_app.request_begin = begin
-        self.http_app.request_failed = failed
-        # shouldn't be called
-        self.http_app.request_done = lambda env: 1 / 0
-
-        self.exc = Failure()
-        self.assertRaises(Failure, self.app.post, '/req', params='{}',
-                          headers={'content-type': 'application/json'})
-
-        self.assertEqual(2, len(calls))
-        self.assertEqual('begin', calls[0])
-        marker, (exc_type, exc, tb) = calls[1]
-        self.assertEqual('failed', marker)
-        self.assertEqual(self.exc, exc)
-
-
-class TestPluggableSyncExchange(tests.TestCase):
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        super(TestPluggableSyncExchange, self).setUp()
-        self.state = tests.ServerStateForTests()
-        self.state.ensure_database('foo')
-
-    def test_plugging(self):
-
-        class MySyncExchange(object):
-            def __init__(self, db, source_replica_uid, last_known_generation):
-                pass
-
-        class MySyncResource(http_app.SyncResource):
-            sync_exchange_class = MySyncExchange
-
-        sync_res = MySyncResource('foo', 'src', self.state, None)
-        sync_res.post_args(
-            {'last_known_generation': 0, 'last_known_trans_id': None}, '{}')
-        self.assertIsInstance(sync_res.sync_exch, MySyncExchange)
diff --git a/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/test_http_client.py b/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/test_http_client.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 42e98461..00000000
--- a/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/test_http_client.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,363 +0,0 @@
-# Copyright 2011-2012 Canonical Ltd.
-#
-# This file is part of u1db.
-#
-# u1db is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License version 3
-# as published by the Free Software Foundation.
-#
-# u1db is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-# GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
-#
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
-# along with u1db.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-"""Tests for HTTPDatabase"""
-
-from oauth import oauth
-try:
-    import simplejson as json
-except ImportError:
-    import json  # noqa
-
-from u1db import (
-    errors,
-)
-
-from leap.soledad.tests import u1db_tests as tests
-
-from u1db.remote import (
-    http_client,
-)
-
-
-class TestEncoder(tests.TestCase):
-
-    def test_encode_string(self):
-        self.assertEqual("foo", http_client._encode_query_parameter("foo"))
-
-    def test_encode_true(self):
-        self.assertEqual("true", http_client._encode_query_parameter(True))
-
-    def test_encode_false(self):
-        self.assertEqual("false", http_client._encode_query_parameter(False))
-
-
-class TestHTTPClientBase(tests.TestCaseWithServer):
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        super(TestHTTPClientBase, self).setUp()
-        self.errors = 0
-
-    def app(self, environ, start_response):
-        if environ['PATH_INFO'].endswith('echo'):
-            start_response("200 OK", [('Content-Type', 'application/json')])
-            ret = {}
-            for name in ('REQUEST_METHOD', 'PATH_INFO', 'QUERY_STRING'):
-                ret[name] = environ[name]
-            if environ['REQUEST_METHOD'] in ('PUT', 'POST'):
-                ret['CONTENT_TYPE'] = environ['CONTENT_TYPE']
-                content_length = int(environ['CONTENT_LENGTH'])
-                ret['body'] = environ['wsgi.input'].read(content_length)
-            return [json.dumps(ret)]
-        elif environ['PATH_INFO'].endswith('error_then_accept'):
-            if self.errors >= 3:
-                start_response(
-                    "200 OK", [('Content-Type', 'application/json')])
-                ret = {}
-                for name in ('REQUEST_METHOD', 'PATH_INFO', 'QUERY_STRING'):
-                    ret[name] = environ[name]
-                if environ['REQUEST_METHOD'] in ('PUT', 'POST'):
-                    ret['CONTENT_TYPE'] = environ['CONTENT_TYPE']
-                    content_length = int(environ['CONTENT_LENGTH'])
-                    ret['body'] = '{"oki": "doki"}'
-                return [json.dumps(ret)]
-            self.errors += 1
-            content_length = int(environ['CONTENT_LENGTH'])
-            error = json.loads(
-                environ['wsgi.input'].read(content_length))
-            response = error['response']
-            # In debug mode, wsgiref has an assertion that the status parameter
-            # is a 'str' object. However error['status'] returns a unicode
-            # object.
-            status = str(error['status'])
-            if isinstance(response, unicode):
-                response = str(response)
-            if isinstance(response, str):
-                start_response(status, [('Content-Type', 'text/plain')])
-                return [str(response)]
-            else:
-                start_response(status, [('Content-Type', 'application/json')])
-                return [json.dumps(response)]
-        elif environ['PATH_INFO'].endswith('error'):
-            self.errors += 1
-            content_length = int(environ['CONTENT_LENGTH'])
-            error = json.loads(
-                environ['wsgi.input'].read(content_length))
-            response = error['response']
-            # In debug mode, wsgiref has an assertion that the status parameter
-            # is a 'str' object. However error['status'] returns a unicode
-            # object.
-            status = str(error['status'])
-            if isinstance(response, unicode):
-                response = str(response)
-            if isinstance(response, str):
-                start_response(status, [('Content-Type', 'text/plain')])
-                return [str(response)]
-            else:
-                start_response(status, [('Content-Type', 'application/json')])
-                return [json.dumps(response)]
-        elif '/oauth' in environ['PATH_INFO']:
-            base_url = self.getURL('').rstrip('/')
-            oauth_req = oauth.OAuthRequest.from_request(
-                http_method=environ['REQUEST_METHOD'],
-                http_url=base_url + environ['PATH_INFO'],
-                headers={'Authorization': environ['HTTP_AUTHORIZATION']},
-                query_string=environ['QUERY_STRING']
-            )
-            oauth_server = oauth.OAuthServer(tests.testingOAuthStore)
-            oauth_server.add_signature_method(tests.sign_meth_HMAC_SHA1)
-            try:
-                consumer, token, params = oauth_server.verify_request(
-                    oauth_req)
-            except oauth.OAuthError, e:
-                start_response("401 Unauthorized",
-                               [('Content-Type', 'application/json')])
-                return [json.dumps({"error": "unauthorized",
-                                    "message": e.message})]
-            start_response("200 OK", [('Content-Type', 'application/json')])
-            return [json.dumps([environ['PATH_INFO'], token.key, params])]
-
-    def make_app(self):
-        return self.app
-
-    def getClient(self, **kwds):
-        self.startServer()
-        return http_client.HTTPClientBase(self.getURL('dbase'), **kwds)
-
-    def test_construct(self):
-        self.startServer()
-        url = self.getURL()
-        cli = http_client.HTTPClientBase(url)
-        self.assertEqual(url, cli._url.geturl())
-        self.assertIs(None, cli._conn)
-
-    def test_parse_url(self):
-        cli = http_client.HTTPClientBase(
-            '%s://127.0.0.1:12345/' % self.url_scheme)
-        self.assertEqual(self.url_scheme, cli._url.scheme)
-        self.assertEqual('127.0.0.1', cli._url.hostname)
-        self.assertEqual(12345, cli._url.port)
-        self.assertEqual('/', cli._url.path)
-
-    def test__ensure_connection(self):
-        cli = self.getClient()
-        self.assertIs(None, cli._conn)
-        cli._ensure_connection()
-        self.assertIsNot(None, cli._conn)
-        conn = cli._conn
-        cli._ensure_connection()
-        self.assertIs(conn, cli._conn)
-
-    def test_close(self):
-        cli = self.getClient()
-        cli._ensure_connection()
-        cli.close()
-        self.assertIs(None, cli._conn)
-
-    def test__request(self):
-        cli = self.getClient()
-        res, headers = cli._request('PUT', ['echo'], {}, {})
-        self.assertEqual({'CONTENT_TYPE': 'application/json',
-                          'PATH_INFO': '/dbase/echo',
-                          'QUERY_STRING': '',
-                          'body': '{}',
-                          'REQUEST_METHOD': 'PUT'}, json.loads(res))
-
-        res, headers = cli._request('GET', ['doc', 'echo'], {'a': 1})
-        self.assertEqual({'PATH_INFO': '/dbase/doc/echo',
-                          'QUERY_STRING': 'a=1',
-                          'REQUEST_METHOD': 'GET'}, json.loads(res))
-
-        res, headers = cli._request('GET', ['doc', '%FFFF', 'echo'], {'a': 1})
-        self.assertEqual({'PATH_INFO': '/dbase/doc/%FFFF/echo',
-                          'QUERY_STRING': 'a=1',
-                          'REQUEST_METHOD': 'GET'}, json.loads(res))
-
-        res, headers = cli._request('POST', ['echo'], {'b': 2}, 'Body',
-                                    'application/x-test')
-        self.assertEqual({'CONTENT_TYPE': 'application/x-test',
-                          'PATH_INFO': '/dbase/echo',
-                          'QUERY_STRING': 'b=2',
-                          'body': 'Body',
-                          'REQUEST_METHOD': 'POST'}, json.loads(res))
-
-    def test__request_json(self):
-        cli = self.getClient()
-        res, headers = cli._request_json(
-            'POST', ['echo'], {'b': 2}, {'a': 'x'})
-        self.assertEqual('application/json', headers['content-type'])
-        self.assertEqual({'CONTENT_TYPE': 'application/json',
-                          'PATH_INFO': '/dbase/echo',
-                          'QUERY_STRING': 'b=2',
-                          'body': '{"a": "x"}',
-                          'REQUEST_METHOD': 'POST'}, res)
-
-    def test_unspecified_http_error(self):
-        cli = self.getClient()
-        self.assertRaises(errors.HTTPError,
-                          cli._request_json, 'POST', ['error'], {},
-                          {'status': "500 Internal Error",
-                           'response': "Crash."})
-        try:
-            cli._request_json('POST', ['error'], {},
-                              {'status': "500 Internal Error",
-                               'response': "Fail."})
-        except errors.HTTPError, e:
-            pass
-
-        self.assertEqual(500, e.status)
-        self.assertEqual("Fail.", e.message)
-        self.assertTrue("content-type" in e.headers)
-
-    def test_revision_conflict(self):
-        cli = self.getClient()
-        self.assertRaises(errors.RevisionConflict,
-                          cli._request_json, 'POST', ['error'], {},
-                          {'status': "409 Conflict",
-                           'response': {"error": "revision conflict"}})
-
-    def test_unavailable_proper(self):
-        cli = self.getClient()
-        cli._delays = (0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
-        self.assertRaises(errors.Unavailable,
-                          cli._request_json, 'POST', ['error'], {},
-                          {'status': "503 Service Unavailable",
-                           'response': {"error": "unavailable"}})
-        self.assertEqual(5, self.errors)
-
-    def test_unavailable_then_available(self):
-        cli = self.getClient()
-        cli._delays = (0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
-        res, headers = cli._request_json(
-            'POST', ['error_then_accept'], {'b': 2},
-            {'status': "503 Service Unavailable",
-             'response': {"error": "unavailable"}})
-        self.assertEqual('application/json', headers['content-type'])
-        self.assertEqual({'CONTENT_TYPE': 'application/json',
-                          'PATH_INFO': '/dbase/error_then_accept',
-                          'QUERY_STRING': 'b=2',
-                          'body': '{"oki": "doki"}',
-                          'REQUEST_METHOD': 'POST'}, res)
-        self.assertEqual(3, self.errors)
-
-    def test_unavailable_random_source(self):
-        cli = self.getClient()
-        cli._delays = (0, 0, 0, 0, 0)
-        try:
-            cli._request_json('POST', ['error'], {},
-                              {'status': "503 Service Unavailable",
-                               'response': "random unavailable."})
-        except errors.Unavailable, e:
-            pass
-
-        self.assertEqual(503, e.status)
-        self.assertEqual("random unavailable.", e.message)
-        self.assertTrue("content-type" in e.headers)
-        self.assertEqual(5, self.errors)
-
-    def test_document_too_big(self):
-        cli = self.getClient()
-        self.assertRaises(errors.DocumentTooBig,
-                          cli._request_json, 'POST', ['error'], {},
-                          {'status': "403 Forbidden",
-                           'response': {"error": "document too big"}})
-
-    def test_user_quota_exceeded(self):
-        cli = self.getClient()
-        self.assertRaises(errors.UserQuotaExceeded,
-                          cli._request_json, 'POST', ['error'], {},
-                          {'status': "403 Forbidden",
-                           'response': {"error": "user quota exceeded"}})
-
-    def test_user_needs_subscription(self):
-        cli = self.getClient()
-        self.assertRaises(errors.SubscriptionNeeded,
-                          cli._request_json, 'POST', ['error'], {},
-                          {'status': "403 Forbidden",
-                           'response': {"error": "user needs subscription"}})
-
-    def test_generic_u1db_error(self):
-        cli = self.getClient()
-        self.assertRaises(errors.U1DBError,
-                          cli._request_json, 'POST', ['error'], {},
-                          {'status': "400 Bad Request",
-                           'response': {"error": "error"}})
-        try:
-            cli._request_json('POST', ['error'], {},
-                              {'status': "400 Bad Request",
-                               'response': {"error": "error"}})
-        except errors.U1DBError, e:
-            pass
-        self.assertIs(e.__class__, errors.U1DBError)
-
-    def test_unspecified_bad_request(self):
-        cli = self.getClient()
-        self.assertRaises(errors.HTTPError,
-                          cli._request_json, 'POST', ['error'], {},
-                          {'status': "400 Bad Request",
-                           'response': "<Bad Request>"})
-        try:
-            cli._request_json('POST', ['error'], {},
-                              {'status': "400 Bad Request",
-                               'response': "<Bad Request>"})
-        except errors.HTTPError, e:
-            pass
-
-        self.assertEqual(400, e.status)
-        self.assertEqual("<Bad Request>", e.message)
-        self.assertTrue("content-type" in e.headers)
-
-    def test_oauth(self):
-        cli = self.getClient()
-        cli.set_oauth_credentials(tests.consumer1.key, tests.consumer1.secret,
-                                  tests.token1.key, tests.token1.secret)
-        params = {'x': u'\xf0', 'y': "foo"}
-        res, headers = cli._request('GET', ['doc', 'oauth'], params)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            ['/dbase/doc/oauth', tests.token1.key, params], json.loads(res))
-
-        # oauth does its own internal quoting
-        params = {'x': u'\xf0', 'y': "foo"}
-        res, headers = cli._request('GET', ['doc', 'oauth', 'foo bar'], params)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            ['/dbase/doc/oauth/foo bar', tests.token1.key, params],
-            json.loads(res))
-
-    def test_oauth_ctr_creds(self):
-        cli = self.getClient(creds={'oauth': {
-            'consumer_key': tests.consumer1.key,
-            'consumer_secret': tests.consumer1.secret,
-            'token_key': tests.token1.key,
-            'token_secret': tests.token1.secret,
-        }})
-        params = {'x': u'\xf0', 'y': "foo"}
-        res, headers = cli._request('GET', ['doc', 'oauth'], params)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            ['/dbase/doc/oauth', tests.token1.key, params], json.loads(res))
-
-    def test_unknown_creds(self):
-        self.assertRaises(errors.UnknownAuthMethod,
-                          self.getClient, creds={'foo': {}})
-        self.assertRaises(errors.UnknownAuthMethod,
-                          self.getClient, creds={})
-
-    def test_oauth_Unauthorized(self):
-        cli = self.getClient()
-        cli.set_oauth_credentials(tests.consumer1.key, tests.consumer1.secret,
-                                  tests.token1.key, "WRONG")
-        params = {'y': 'foo'}
-        self.assertRaises(errors.Unauthorized, cli._request, 'GET',
-                          ['doc', 'oauth'], params)
diff --git a/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/test_http_database.py b/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/test_http_database.py
deleted file mode 100644
index f21e6da1..00000000
--- a/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/test_http_database.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,260 +0,0 @@
-# Copyright 2011 Canonical Ltd.
-#
-# This file is part of u1db.
-#
-# u1db is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License version 3
-# as published by the Free Software Foundation.
-#
-# u1db is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-# GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
-#
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
-# along with u1db.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-"""Tests for HTTPDatabase"""
-
-import inspect
-try:
-    import simplejson as json
-except ImportError:
-    import json  # noqa
-
-from u1db import (
-    errors,
-    Document,
-)
-
-from leap.soledad.tests import u1db_tests as tests
-
-from u1db.remote import (
-    http_database,
-    http_target,
-)
-from leap.soledad.tests.u1db_tests.test_remote_sync_target import (
-    make_http_app,
-)
-
-
-class TestHTTPDatabaseSimpleOperations(tests.TestCase):
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        super(TestHTTPDatabaseSimpleOperations, self).setUp()
-        self.db = http_database.HTTPDatabase('dbase')
-        self.db._conn = object()  # crash if used
-        self.got = None
-        self.response_val = None
-
-        def _request(method, url_parts, params=None, body=None,
-                     content_type=None):
-            self.got = method, url_parts, params, body, content_type
-            if isinstance(self.response_val, Exception):
-                raise self.response_val
-            return self.response_val
-
-        def _request_json(method, url_parts, params=None, body=None,
-                          content_type=None):
-            self.got = method, url_parts, params, body, content_type
-            if isinstance(self.response_val, Exception):
-                raise self.response_val
-            return self.response_val
-
-        self.db._request = _request
-        self.db._request_json = _request_json
-
-    def test__sanity_same_signature(self):
-        my_request_sig = inspect.getargspec(self.db._request)
-        my_request_sig = (['self'] + my_request_sig[0],) + my_request_sig[1:]
-        self.assertEqual(
-            my_request_sig,
-            inspect.getargspec(http_database.HTTPDatabase._request))
-        my_request_json_sig = inspect.getargspec(self.db._request_json)
-        my_request_json_sig = ((['self'] + my_request_json_sig[0],) +
-                               my_request_json_sig[1:])
-        self.assertEqual(
-            my_request_json_sig,
-            inspect.getargspec(http_database.HTTPDatabase._request_json))
-
-    def test__ensure(self):
-        self.response_val = {'ok': True}, {}
-        self.db._ensure()
-        self.assertEqual(('PUT', [], {}, {}, None), self.got)
-
-    def test__delete(self):
-        self.response_val = {'ok': True}, {}
-        self.db._delete()
-        self.assertEqual(('DELETE', [], {}, {}, None), self.got)
-
-    def test__check(self):
-        self.response_val = {}, {}
-        res = self.db._check()
-        self.assertEqual({}, res)
-        self.assertEqual(('GET', [], None, None, None), self.got)
-
-    def test_put_doc(self):
-        self.response_val = {'rev': 'doc-rev'}, {}
-        doc = Document('doc-id', None, '{"v": 1}')
-        res = self.db.put_doc(doc)
-        self.assertEqual('doc-rev', res)
-        self.assertEqual('doc-rev', doc.rev)
-        self.assertEqual(('PUT', ['doc', 'doc-id'], {},
-                          '{"v": 1}', 'application/json'), self.got)
-
-        self.response_val = {'rev': 'doc-rev-2'}, {}
-        doc.content = {"v": 2}
-        res = self.db.put_doc(doc)
-        self.assertEqual('doc-rev-2', res)
-        self.assertEqual('doc-rev-2', doc.rev)
-        self.assertEqual(('PUT', ['doc', 'doc-id'], {'old_rev': 'doc-rev'},
-                          '{"v": 2}', 'application/json'), self.got)
-
-    def test_get_doc(self):
-        self.response_val = '{"v": 2}', {'x-u1db-rev': 'doc-rev',
-                                         'x-u1db-has-conflicts': 'false'}
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db, 'doc-id', 'doc-rev', '{"v": 2}', False)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            ('GET', ['doc', 'doc-id'], {'include_deleted': False}, None, None),
-            self.got)
-
-    def test_get_doc_non_existing(self):
-        self.response_val = errors.DocumentDoesNotExist()
-        self.assertIs(None, self.db.get_doc('not-there'))
-        self.assertEqual(
-            ('GET', ['doc', 'not-there'], {'include_deleted': False}, None,
-             None), self.got)
-
-    def test_get_doc_deleted(self):
-        self.response_val = errors.DocumentDoesNotExist()
-        self.assertIs(None, self.db.get_doc('deleted'))
-        self.assertEqual(
-            ('GET', ['doc', 'deleted'], {'include_deleted': False}, None,
-             None), self.got)
-
-    def test_get_doc_deleted_include_deleted(self):
-        self.response_val = errors.HTTPError(404,
-                                             json.dumps(
-                                             {"error": errors.DOCUMENT_DELETED}
-                                             ),
-                                             {'x-u1db-rev': 'doc-rev-gone',
-                                              'x-u1db-has-conflicts': 'false'})
-        doc = self.db.get_doc('deleted', include_deleted=True)
-        self.assertEqual('deleted', doc.doc_id)
-        self.assertEqual('doc-rev-gone', doc.rev)
-        self.assertIs(None, doc.content)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            ('GET', ['doc', 'deleted'], {'include_deleted': True}, None, None),
-            self.got)
-
-    def test_get_doc_pass_through_errors(self):
-        self.response_val = errors.HTTPError(500, 'Crash.')
-        self.assertRaises(errors.HTTPError,
-                          self.db.get_doc, 'something-something')
-
-    def test_create_doc_with_id(self):
-        self.response_val = {'rev': 'doc-rev'}, {}
-        new_doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"v": 1}', doc_id='doc-id')
-        self.assertEqual('doc-rev', new_doc.rev)
-        self.assertEqual('doc-id', new_doc.doc_id)
-        self.assertEqual('{"v": 1}', new_doc.get_json())
-        self.assertEqual(('PUT', ['doc', 'doc-id'], {},
-                          '{"v": 1}', 'application/json'), self.got)
-
-    def test_create_doc_without_id(self):
-        self.response_val = {'rev': 'doc-rev-2'}, {}
-        new_doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"v": 3}')
-        self.assertEqual('D-', new_doc.doc_id[:2])
-        self.assertEqual('doc-rev-2', new_doc.rev)
-        self.assertEqual('{"v": 3}', new_doc.get_json())
-        self.assertEqual(('PUT', ['doc', new_doc.doc_id], {},
-                          '{"v": 3}', 'application/json'), self.got)
-
-    def test_delete_doc(self):
-        self.response_val = {'rev': 'doc-rev-gone'}, {}
-        doc = Document('doc-id', 'doc-rev', None)
-        self.db.delete_doc(doc)
-        self.assertEqual('doc-rev-gone', doc.rev)
-        self.assertEqual(('DELETE', ['doc', 'doc-id'], {'old_rev': 'doc-rev'},
-                          None, None), self.got)
-
-    def test_get_sync_target(self):
-        st = self.db.get_sync_target()
-        self.assertIsInstance(st, http_target.HTTPSyncTarget)
-        self.assertEqual(st._url, self.db._url)
-
-    def test_get_sync_target_inherits_oauth_credentials(self):
-        self.db.set_oauth_credentials(tests.consumer1.key,
-                                      tests.consumer1.secret,
-                                      tests.token1.key, tests.token1.secret)
-        st = self.db.get_sync_target()
-        self.assertEqual(self.db._creds, st._creds)
-
-
-class TestHTTPDatabaseCtrWithCreds(tests.TestCase):
-
-    def test_ctr_with_creds(self):
-        db1 = http_database.HTTPDatabase('http://dbs/db', creds={'oauth': {
-            'consumer_key': tests.consumer1.key,
-            'consumer_secret': tests.consumer1.secret,
-            'token_key': tests.token1.key,
-            'token_secret': tests.token1.secret
-        }})
-        self.assertIn('oauth', db1._creds)
-
-
-class TestHTTPDatabaseIntegration(tests.TestCaseWithServer):
-
-    make_app_with_state = staticmethod(make_http_app)
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        super(TestHTTPDatabaseIntegration, self).setUp()
-        self.startServer()
-
-    def test_non_existing_db(self):
-        db = http_database.HTTPDatabase(self.getURL('not-there'))
-        self.assertRaises(errors.DatabaseDoesNotExist, db.get_doc, 'doc1')
-
-    def test__ensure(self):
-        db = http_database.HTTPDatabase(self.getURL('new'))
-        db._ensure()
-        self.assertIs(None, db.get_doc('doc1'))
-
-    def test__delete(self):
-        self.request_state._create_database('db0')
-        db = http_database.HTTPDatabase(self.getURL('db0'))
-        db._delete()
-        self.assertRaises(errors.DatabaseDoesNotExist,
-                          self.request_state.check_database, 'db0')
-
-    def test_open_database_existing(self):
-        self.request_state._create_database('db0')
-        db = http_database.HTTPDatabase.open_database(self.getURL('db0'),
-                                                      create=False)
-        self.assertIs(None, db.get_doc('doc1'))
-
-    def test_open_database_non_existing(self):
-        self.assertRaises(errors.DatabaseDoesNotExist,
-                          http_database.HTTPDatabase.open_database,
-                          self.getURL('not-there'),
-                          create=False)
-
-    def test_open_database_create(self):
-        db = http_database.HTTPDatabase.open_database(self.getURL('new'),
-                                                      create=True)
-        self.assertIs(None, db.get_doc('doc1'))
-
-    def test_delete_database_existing(self):
-        self.request_state._create_database('db0')
-        http_database.HTTPDatabase.delete_database(self.getURL('db0'))
-        self.assertRaises(errors.DatabaseDoesNotExist,
-                          self.request_state.check_database, 'db0')
-
-    def test_doc_ids_needing_quoting(self):
-        db0 = self.request_state._create_database('db0')
-        db = http_database.HTTPDatabase.open_database(self.getURL('db0'),
-                                                      create=False)
-        doc = Document('%fff', None, '{}')
-        db.put_doc(doc)
-        self.assertGetDoc(db0, '%fff', doc.rev, '{}', False)
-        self.assertGetDoc(db, '%fff', doc.rev, '{}', False)
diff --git a/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/test_https.py b/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/test_https.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 62180f8c..00000000
--- a/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/test_https.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,124 +0,0 @@
-"""Test support for client-side https support."""
-
-import os
-import ssl
-import sys
-
-from paste import httpserver
-
-from u1db.remote import (
-    http_client,
-    http_target,
-)
-
-from leap import soledad
-from leap.soledad.tests import u1db_tests as tests
-from leap.soledad.tests.u1db_tests.test_remote_sync_target import (
-    make_oauth_http_app,
-)
-
-
-def https_server_def():
-    def make_server(host_port, application):
-        from OpenSSL import SSL
-        cert_file = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'testing-certs',
-                                 'testing.cert')
-        key_file = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'testing-certs',
-                                'testing.key')
-        ssl_context = SSL.Context(SSL.SSLv23_METHOD)
-        ssl_context.use_privatekey_file(key_file)
-        ssl_context.use_certificate_chain_file(cert_file)
-        srv = httpserver.WSGIServerBase(application, host_port,
-                                        httpserver.WSGIHandler,
-                                        ssl_context=ssl_context
-                                        )
-
-        def shutdown_request(req):
-            req.shutdown()
-            srv.close_request(req)
-
-        srv.shutdown_request = shutdown_request
-        application.base_url = "https://localhost:%s" % srv.server_address[1]
-        return srv
-    return make_server, "shutdown", "https"
-
-
-def oauth_https_sync_target(test, host, path):
-    _, port = test.server.server_address
-    st = http_target.HTTPSyncTarget('https://%s:%d/~/%s' % (host, port, path))
-    st.set_oauth_credentials(tests.consumer1.key, tests.consumer1.secret,
-                             tests.token1.key, tests.token1.secret)
-    return st
-
-
-class TestHttpSyncTargetHttpsSupport(tests.TestCaseWithServer):
-
-    scenarios = [
-        ('oauth_https', {'server_def': https_server_def,
-                         'make_app_with_state': make_oauth_http_app,
-                         'make_document_for_test':
-                         tests.make_document_for_test,
-                         'sync_target': oauth_https_sync_target
-                         }),
-    ]
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        try:
-            import OpenSSL  # noqa
-        except ImportError:
-            self.skipTest("Requires pyOpenSSL")
-        self.cacert_pem = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__),
-                                       'testing-certs', 'cacert.pem')
-        # The default u1db http_client class for doing HTTPS only does HTTPS
-        # if the platform is linux. Because of this, soledad replaces that
-        # class with one that will do HTTPS independent of the platform. In
-        # order to maintain the compatibility with u1db default tests, we undo
-        # that replacement here.
-        http_client._VerifiedHTTPSConnection = \
-            soledad.old__VerifiedHTTPSConnection
-        super(TestHttpSyncTargetHttpsSupport, self).setUp()
-
-    def getSyncTarget(self, host, path=None):
-        if self.server is None:
-            self.startServer()
-        return self.sync_target(self, host, path)
-
-    def test_working(self):
-        self.startServer()
-        db = self.request_state._create_database('test')
-        self.patch(http_client, 'CA_CERTS', self.cacert_pem)
-        remote_target = self.getSyncTarget('localhost', 'test')
-        remote_target.record_sync_info('other-id', 2, 'T-id')
-        self.assertEqual(
-            (2, 'T-id'), db._get_replica_gen_and_trans_id('other-id'))
-
-    def test_cannot_verify_cert(self):
-        if not sys.platform.startswith('linux'):
-            self.skipTest(
-                "XXX certificate verification happens on linux only for now")
-        self.startServer()
-        # don't print expected traceback server-side
-        self.server.handle_error = lambda req, cli_addr: None
-        self.request_state._create_database('test')
-        remote_target = self.getSyncTarget('localhost', 'test')
-        try:
-            remote_target.record_sync_info('other-id', 2, 'T-id')
-        except ssl.SSLError, e:
-            self.assertIn("certificate verify failed", str(e))
-        else:
-            self.fail("certificate verification should have failed.")
-
-    def test_host_mismatch(self):
-        if not sys.platform.startswith('linux'):
-            self.skipTest(
-                "XXX certificate verification happens on linux only for now")
-        self.startServer()
-        self.request_state._create_database('test')
-        self.patch(http_client, 'CA_CERTS', self.cacert_pem)
-        remote_target = self.getSyncTarget('127.0.0.1', 'test')
-        self.assertRaises(
-            http_client.CertificateError, remote_target.record_sync_info,
-            'other-id', 2, 'T-id')
-
-
-load_tests = tests.load_with_scenarios
diff --git a/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/test_open.py b/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/test_open.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 0ff307e8..00000000
--- a/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/test_open.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,69 +0,0 @@
-# Copyright 2011 Canonical Ltd.
-#
-# This file is part of u1db.
-#
-# u1db is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License version 3
-# as published by the Free Software Foundation.
-#
-# u1db is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-# GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
-#
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
-# along with u1db.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-"""Test u1db.open"""
-
-import os
-
-from u1db import (
-    errors,
-    open as u1db_open,
-)
-from leap.soledad.tests import u1db_tests as tests
-from u1db.backends import sqlite_backend
-from leap.soledad.tests.u1db_tests.test_backends import TestAlternativeDocument
-
-
-class TestU1DBOpen(tests.TestCase):
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        super(TestU1DBOpen, self).setUp()
-        tmpdir = self.createTempDir()
-        self.db_path = tmpdir + '/test.db'
-
-    def test_open_no_create(self):
-        self.assertRaises(errors.DatabaseDoesNotExist,
-                          u1db_open, self.db_path, create=False)
-        self.assertFalse(os.path.exists(self.db_path))
-
-    def test_open_create(self):
-        db = u1db_open(self.db_path, create=True)
-        self.addCleanup(db.close)
-        self.assertTrue(os.path.exists(self.db_path))
-        self.assertIsInstance(db, sqlite_backend.SQLiteDatabase)
-
-    def test_open_with_factory(self):
-        db = u1db_open(self.db_path, create=True,
-                       document_factory=TestAlternativeDocument)
-        self.addCleanup(db.close)
-        self.assertEqual(TestAlternativeDocument, db._factory)
-
-    def test_open_existing(self):
-        db = sqlite_backend.SQLitePartialExpandDatabase(self.db_path)
-        self.addCleanup(db.close)
-        doc = db.create_doc_from_json(tests.simple_doc)
-        # Even though create=True, we shouldn't wipe the db
-        db2 = u1db_open(self.db_path, create=True)
-        self.addCleanup(db2.close)
-        doc2 = db2.get_doc(doc.doc_id)
-        self.assertEqual(doc, doc2)
-
-    def test_open_existing_no_create(self):
-        db = sqlite_backend.SQLitePartialExpandDatabase(self.db_path)
-        self.addCleanup(db.close)
-        db2 = u1db_open(self.db_path, create=False)
-        self.addCleanup(db2.close)
-        self.assertIsInstance(db2, sqlite_backend.SQLitePartialExpandDatabase)
diff --git a/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/test_remote_sync_target.py b/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/test_remote_sync_target.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 66d404d2..00000000
--- a/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/test_remote_sync_target.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,317 +0,0 @@
-# Copyright 2011-2012 Canonical Ltd.
-#
-# This file is part of u1db.
-#
-# u1db is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License version 3
-# as published by the Free Software Foundation.
-#
-# u1db is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-# GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
-#
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
-# along with u1db.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-"""Tests for the remote sync targets"""
-
-import cStringIO
-
-from u1db import (
-    errors,
-)
-
-from leap.soledad.tests import u1db_tests as tests
-
-from u1db.remote import (
-    http_app,
-    http_target,
-    oauth_middleware,
-)
-
-
-class TestHTTPSyncTargetBasics(tests.TestCase):
-
-    def test_parse_url(self):
-        remote_target = http_target.HTTPSyncTarget('http://127.0.0.1:12345/')
-        self.assertEqual('http', remote_target._url.scheme)
-        self.assertEqual('127.0.0.1', remote_target._url.hostname)
-        self.assertEqual(12345, remote_target._url.port)
-        self.assertEqual('/', remote_target._url.path)
-
-
-class TestParsingSyncStream(tests.TestCase):
-
-    def test_wrong_start(self):
-        tgt = http_target.HTTPSyncTarget("http://foo/foo")
-
-        self.assertRaises(errors.BrokenSyncStream,
-                          tgt._parse_sync_stream, "{}\r\n]", None)
-
-        self.assertRaises(errors.BrokenSyncStream,
-                          tgt._parse_sync_stream, "\r\n{}\r\n]", None)
-
-        self.assertRaises(errors.BrokenSyncStream,
-                          tgt._parse_sync_stream, "", None)
-
-    def test_wrong_end(self):
-        tgt = http_target.HTTPSyncTarget("http://foo/foo")
-
-        self.assertRaises(errors.BrokenSyncStream,
-                          tgt._parse_sync_stream, "[\r\n{}", None)
-
-        self.assertRaises(errors.BrokenSyncStream,
-                          tgt._parse_sync_stream, "[\r\n", None)
-
-    def test_missing_comma(self):
-        tgt = http_target.HTTPSyncTarget("http://foo/foo")
-
-        self.assertRaises(errors.BrokenSyncStream,
-                          tgt._parse_sync_stream,
-                          '[\r\n{}\r\n{"id": "i", "rev": "r", '
-                          '"content": "c", "gen": 3}\r\n]', None)
-
-    def test_no_entries(self):
-        tgt = http_target.HTTPSyncTarget("http://foo/foo")
-
-        self.assertRaises(errors.BrokenSyncStream,
-                          tgt._parse_sync_stream, "[\r\n]", None)
-
-    def test_extra_comma(self):
-        tgt = http_target.HTTPSyncTarget("http://foo/foo")
-
-        self.assertRaises(errors.BrokenSyncStream,
-                          tgt._parse_sync_stream, "[\r\n{},\r\n]", None)
-
-        self.assertRaises(errors.BrokenSyncStream,
-                          tgt._parse_sync_stream,
-                          '[\r\n{},\r\n{"id": "i", "rev": "r", '
-                          '"content": "{}", "gen": 3, "trans_id": "T-sid"}'
-                          ',\r\n]',
-                          lambda doc, gen, trans_id: None)
-
-    def test_error_in_stream(self):
-        tgt = http_target.HTTPSyncTarget("http://foo/foo")
-
-        self.assertRaises(errors.Unavailable,
-                          tgt._parse_sync_stream,
-                          '[\r\n{"new_generation": 0},'
-                          '\r\n{"error": "unavailable"}\r\n', None)
-
-        self.assertRaises(errors.Unavailable,
-                          tgt._parse_sync_stream,
-                          '[\r\n{"error": "unavailable"}\r\n', None)
-
-        self.assertRaises(errors.BrokenSyncStream,
-                          tgt._parse_sync_stream,
-                          '[\r\n{"error": "?"}\r\n', None)
-
-
-def make_http_app(state):
-    return http_app.HTTPApp(state)
-
-
-def http_sync_target(test, path):
-    return http_target.HTTPSyncTarget(test.getURL(path))
-
-
-def make_oauth_http_app(state):
-    app = http_app.HTTPApp(state)
-    application = oauth_middleware.OAuthMiddleware(app, None, prefix='/~/')
-    application.get_oauth_data_store = lambda: tests.testingOAuthStore
-    return application
-
-
-def oauth_http_sync_target(test, path):
-    st = http_sync_target(test, '~/' + path)
-    st.set_oauth_credentials(tests.consumer1.key, tests.consumer1.secret,
-                             tests.token1.key, tests.token1.secret)
-    return st
-
-
-class TestRemoteSyncTargets(tests.TestCaseWithServer):
-
-    scenarios = [
-        ('http', {'make_app_with_state': make_http_app,
-                  'make_document_for_test': tests.make_document_for_test,
-                  'sync_target': http_sync_target}),
-        ('oauth_http', {'make_app_with_state': make_oauth_http_app,
-                        'make_document_for_test': tests.make_document_for_test,
-                        'sync_target': oauth_http_sync_target}),
-    ]
-
-    def getSyncTarget(self, path=None):
-        if self.server is None:
-            self.startServer()
-        return self.sync_target(self, path)
-
-    def test_get_sync_info(self):
-        self.startServer()
-        db = self.request_state._create_database('test')
-        db._set_replica_gen_and_trans_id('other-id', 1, 'T-transid')
-        remote_target = self.getSyncTarget('test')
-        self.assertEqual(('test', 0, '', 1, 'T-transid'),
-                         remote_target.get_sync_info('other-id'))
-
-    def test_record_sync_info(self):
-        self.startServer()
-        db = self.request_state._create_database('test')
-        remote_target = self.getSyncTarget('test')
-        remote_target.record_sync_info('other-id', 2, 'T-transid')
-        self.assertEqual(
-            (2, 'T-transid'), db._get_replica_gen_and_trans_id('other-id'))
-
-    def test_sync_exchange_send(self):
-        self.startServer()
-        db = self.request_state._create_database('test')
-        remote_target = self.getSyncTarget('test')
-        other_docs = []
-
-        def receive_doc(doc):
-            other_docs.append((doc.doc_id, doc.rev, doc.get_json()))
-
-        doc = self.make_document('doc-here', 'replica:1', '{"value": "here"}')
-        new_gen, trans_id = remote_target.sync_exchange(
-            [(doc, 10, 'T-sid')], 'replica', last_known_generation=0,
-            last_known_trans_id=None, return_doc_cb=receive_doc)
-        self.assertEqual(1, new_gen)
-        self.assertGetDoc(
-            db, 'doc-here', 'replica:1', '{"value": "here"}', False)
-
-    def test_sync_exchange_send_failure_and_retry_scenario(self):
-        self.startServer()
-
-        def blackhole_getstderr(inst):
-            return cStringIO.StringIO()
-
-        self.patch(self.server.RequestHandlerClass, 'get_stderr',
-                   blackhole_getstderr)
-        db = self.request_state._create_database('test')
-        _put_doc_if_newer = db._put_doc_if_newer
-        trigger_ids = ['doc-here2']
-
-        def bomb_put_doc_if_newer(doc, save_conflict,
-                                  replica_uid=None, replica_gen=None,
-                                  replica_trans_id=None):
-            if doc.doc_id in trigger_ids:
-                raise Exception
-            return _put_doc_if_newer(doc, save_conflict=save_conflict,
-                                     replica_uid=replica_uid,
-                                     replica_gen=replica_gen,
-                                     replica_trans_id=replica_trans_id)
-        self.patch(db, '_put_doc_if_newer', bomb_put_doc_if_newer)
-        remote_target = self.getSyncTarget('test')
-        other_changes = []
-
-        def receive_doc(doc, gen, trans_id):
-            other_changes.append(
-                (doc.doc_id, doc.rev, doc.get_json(), gen, trans_id))
-
-        doc1 = self.make_document('doc-here', 'replica:1', '{"value": "here"}')
-        doc2 = self.make_document('doc-here2', 'replica:1',
-                                  '{"value": "here2"}')
-        self.assertRaises(
-            errors.HTTPError,
-            remote_target.sync_exchange,
-            [(doc1, 10, 'T-sid'), (doc2, 11, 'T-sud')],
-            'replica', last_known_generation=0, last_known_trans_id=None,
-            return_doc_cb=receive_doc)
-        self.assertGetDoc(db, 'doc-here', 'replica:1', '{"value": "here"}',
-                          False)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            (10, 'T-sid'), db._get_replica_gen_and_trans_id('replica'))
-        self.assertEqual([], other_changes)
-        # retry
-        trigger_ids = []
-        new_gen, trans_id = remote_target.sync_exchange(
-            [(doc2, 11, 'T-sud')], 'replica', last_known_generation=0,
-            last_known_trans_id=None, return_doc_cb=receive_doc)
-        self.assertGetDoc(db, 'doc-here2', 'replica:1', '{"value": "here2"}',
-                          False)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            (11, 'T-sud'), db._get_replica_gen_and_trans_id('replica'))
-        self.assertEqual(2, new_gen)
-        # bounced back to us
-        self.assertEqual(
-            ('doc-here', 'replica:1', '{"value": "here"}', 1),
-            other_changes[0][:-1])
-
-    def test_sync_exchange_in_stream_error(self):
-        self.startServer()
-
-        def blackhole_getstderr(inst):
-            return cStringIO.StringIO()
-
-        self.patch(self.server.RequestHandlerClass, 'get_stderr',
-                   blackhole_getstderr)
-        db = self.request_state._create_database('test')
-        doc = db.create_doc_from_json('{"value": "there"}')
-
-        def bomb_get_docs(doc_ids, check_for_conflicts=None,
-                          include_deleted=False):
-            yield doc
-            # delayed failure case
-            raise errors.Unavailable
-
-        self.patch(db, 'get_docs', bomb_get_docs)
-        remote_target = self.getSyncTarget('test')
-        other_changes = []
-
-        def receive_doc(doc, gen, trans_id):
-            other_changes.append(
-                (doc.doc_id, doc.rev, doc.get_json(), gen, trans_id))
-
-        self.assertRaises(
-            errors.Unavailable, remote_target.sync_exchange, [], 'replica',
-            last_known_generation=0, last_known_trans_id=None,
-            return_doc_cb=receive_doc)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            (doc.doc_id, doc.rev, '{"value": "there"}', 1),
-            other_changes[0][:-1])
-
-    def test_sync_exchange_receive(self):
-        self.startServer()
-        db = self.request_state._create_database('test')
-        doc = db.create_doc_from_json('{"value": "there"}')
-        remote_target = self.getSyncTarget('test')
-        other_changes = []
-
-        def receive_doc(doc, gen, trans_id):
-            other_changes.append(
-                (doc.doc_id, doc.rev, doc.get_json(), gen, trans_id))
-
-        new_gen, trans_id = remote_target.sync_exchange(
-            [], 'replica', last_known_generation=0, last_known_trans_id=None,
-            return_doc_cb=receive_doc)
-        self.assertEqual(1, new_gen)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            (doc.doc_id, doc.rev, '{"value": "there"}', 1),
-            other_changes[0][:-1])
-
-    def test_sync_exchange_send_ensure_callback(self):
-        self.startServer()
-        remote_target = self.getSyncTarget('test')
-        other_docs = []
-        replica_uid_box = []
-
-        def receive_doc(doc):
-            other_docs.append((doc.doc_id, doc.rev, doc.get_json()))
-
-        def ensure_cb(replica_uid):
-            replica_uid_box.append(replica_uid)
-
-        doc = self.make_document('doc-here', 'replica:1', '{"value": "here"}')
-        new_gen, trans_id = remote_target.sync_exchange(
-            [(doc, 10, 'T-sid')], 'replica', last_known_generation=0,
-            last_known_trans_id=None, return_doc_cb=receive_doc,
-            ensure_callback=ensure_cb)
-        self.assertEqual(1, new_gen)
-        db = self.request_state.open_database('test')
-        self.assertEqual(1, len(replica_uid_box))
-        self.assertEqual(db._replica_uid, replica_uid_box[0])
-        self.assertGetDoc(
-            db, 'doc-here', 'replica:1', '{"value": "here"}', False)
-
-
-load_tests = tests.load_with_scenarios
diff --git a/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/test_sqlite_backend.py b/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/test_sqlite_backend.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 1380e4b1..00000000
--- a/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/test_sqlite_backend.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,494 +0,0 @@
-# Copyright 2011 Canonical Ltd.
-#
-# This file is part of u1db.
-#
-# u1db is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License version 3
-# as published by the Free Software Foundation.
-#
-# u1db is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-# GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
-#
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
-# along with u1db.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-"""Test sqlite backend internals."""
-
-import os
-import time
-import threading
-
-from pysqlcipher import dbapi2
-
-from u1db import (
-    errors,
-    query_parser,
-)
-
-from leap.soledad.tests import u1db_tests as tests
-
-from u1db.backends import sqlite_backend
-from leap.soledad.tests.u1db_tests.test_backends import TestAlternativeDocument
-
-
-simple_doc = '{"key": "value"}'
-nested_doc = '{"key": "value", "sub": {"doc": "underneath"}}'
-
-
-class TestSQLiteDatabase(tests.TestCase):
-
-    def test_atomic_initialize(self):
-        tmpdir = self.createTempDir()
-        dbname = os.path.join(tmpdir, 'atomic.db')
-
-        t2 = None  # will be a thread
-
-        class SQLiteDatabaseTesting(sqlite_backend.SQLiteDatabase):
-            _index_storage_value = "testing"
-
-            def __init__(self, dbname, ntry):
-                self._try = ntry
-                self._is_initialized_invocations = 0
-                super(SQLiteDatabaseTesting, self).__init__(dbname)
-
-            def _is_initialized(self, c):
-                res = super(SQLiteDatabaseTesting, self)._is_initialized(c)
-                if self._try == 1:
-                    self._is_initialized_invocations += 1
-                    if self._is_initialized_invocations == 2:
-                        t2.start()
-                        # hard to do better and have a generic test
-                        time.sleep(0.05)
-                return res
-
-        outcome2 = []
-
-        def second_try():
-            try:
-                db2 = SQLiteDatabaseTesting(dbname, 2)
-            except Exception, e:
-                outcome2.append(e)
-            else:
-                outcome2.append(db2)
-
-        t2 = threading.Thread(target=second_try)
-        db1 = SQLiteDatabaseTesting(dbname, 1)
-        t2.join()
-
-        self.assertIsInstance(outcome2[0], SQLiteDatabaseTesting)
-        db2 = outcome2[0]
-        self.assertTrue(db2._is_initialized(db1._get_sqlite_handle().cursor()))
-
-
-class TestSQLitePartialExpandDatabase(tests.TestCase):
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        super(TestSQLitePartialExpandDatabase, self).setUp()
-        self.db = sqlite_backend.SQLitePartialExpandDatabase(':memory:')
-        self.db._set_replica_uid('test')
-
-    def test_create_database(self):
-        raw_db = self.db._get_sqlite_handle()
-        self.assertNotEqual(None, raw_db)
-
-    def test_default_replica_uid(self):
-        self.db = sqlite_backend.SQLitePartialExpandDatabase(':memory:')
-        self.assertIsNot(None, self.db._replica_uid)
-        self.assertEqual(32, len(self.db._replica_uid))
-        int(self.db._replica_uid, 16)
-
-    def test__close_sqlite_handle(self):
-        raw_db = self.db._get_sqlite_handle()
-        self.db._close_sqlite_handle()
-        self.assertRaises(dbapi2.ProgrammingError,
-                          raw_db.cursor)
-
-    def test_create_database_initializes_schema(self):
-        raw_db = self.db._get_sqlite_handle()
-        c = raw_db.cursor()
-        c.execute("SELECT * FROM u1db_config")
-        config = dict([(r[0], r[1]) for r in c.fetchall()])
-        self.assertEqual({'sql_schema': '0', 'replica_uid': 'test',
-                          'index_storage': 'expand referenced'}, config)
-
-        # These tables must exist, though we don't care what is in them yet
-        c.execute("SELECT * FROM transaction_log")
-        c.execute("SELECT * FROM document")
-        c.execute("SELECT * FROM document_fields")
-        c.execute("SELECT * FROM sync_log")
-        c.execute("SELECT * FROM conflicts")
-        c.execute("SELECT * FROM index_definitions")
-
-    def test__parse_index(self):
-        self.db = sqlite_backend.SQLitePartialExpandDatabase(':memory:')
-        g = self.db._parse_index_definition('fieldname')
-        self.assertIsInstance(g, query_parser.ExtractField)
-        self.assertEqual(['fieldname'], g.field)
-
-    def test__update_indexes(self):
-        self.db = sqlite_backend.SQLitePartialExpandDatabase(':memory:')
-        g = self.db._parse_index_definition('fieldname')
-        c = self.db._get_sqlite_handle().cursor()
-        self.db._update_indexes('doc-id', {'fieldname': 'val'},
-                                [('fieldname', g)], c)
-        c.execute('SELECT doc_id, field_name, value FROM document_fields')
-        self.assertEqual([('doc-id', 'fieldname', 'val')],
-                         c.fetchall())
-
-    def test__set_replica_uid(self):
-        # Start from scratch, so that replica_uid isn't set.
-        self.db = sqlite_backend.SQLitePartialExpandDatabase(':memory:')
-        self.assertIsNot(None, self.db._real_replica_uid)
-        self.assertIsNot(None, self.db._replica_uid)
-        self.db._set_replica_uid('foo')
-        c = self.db._get_sqlite_handle().cursor()
-        c.execute("SELECT value FROM u1db_config WHERE name='replica_uid'")
-        self.assertEqual(('foo',), c.fetchone())
-        self.assertEqual('foo', self.db._real_replica_uid)
-        self.assertEqual('foo', self.db._replica_uid)
-        self.db._close_sqlite_handle()
-        self.assertEqual('foo', self.db._replica_uid)
-
-    def test__get_generation(self):
-        self.assertEqual(0, self.db._get_generation())
-
-    def test__get_generation_info(self):
-        self.assertEqual((0, ''), self.db._get_generation_info())
-
-    def test_create_index(self):
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', "key")
-        self.assertEqual([('test-idx', ["key"])], self.db.list_indexes())
-
-    def test_create_index_multiple_fields(self):
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', "key", "key2")
-        self.assertEqual([('test-idx', ["key", "key2"])],
-                         self.db.list_indexes())
-
-    def test__get_index_definition(self):
-        self.db.create_index('test-idx', "key", "key2")
-        # TODO: How would you test that an index is getting used for an SQL
-        #       request?
-        self.assertEqual(["key", "key2"],
-                         self.db._get_index_definition('test-idx'))
-
-    def test_list_index_mixed(self):
-        # Make sure that we properly order the output
-        c = self.db._get_sqlite_handle().cursor()
-        # We intentionally insert the data in weird ordering, to make sure the
-        # query still gets it back correctly.
-        c.executemany("INSERT INTO index_definitions VALUES (?, ?, ?)",
-                      [('idx-1', 0, 'key10'),
-                       ('idx-2', 2, 'key22'),
-                       ('idx-1', 1, 'key11'),
-                       ('idx-2', 0, 'key20'),
-                       ('idx-2', 1, 'key21')])
-        self.assertEqual([('idx-1', ['key10', 'key11']),
-                          ('idx-2', ['key20', 'key21', 'key22'])],
-                         self.db.list_indexes())
-
-    def test_no_indexes_no_document_fields(self):
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json(
-            '{"key1": "val1", "key2": "val2"}')
-        c = self.db._get_sqlite_handle().cursor()
-        c.execute("SELECT doc_id, field_name, value FROM document_fields"
-                  " ORDER BY doc_id, field_name, value")
-        self.assertEqual([], c.fetchall())
-
-    def test_create_extracts_fields(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key1": "val1", "key2": "val2"}')
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key1": "valx", "key2": "valy"}')
-        c = self.db._get_sqlite_handle().cursor()
-        c.execute("SELECT doc_id, field_name, value FROM document_fields"
-                  " ORDER BY doc_id, field_name, value")
-        self.assertEqual([], c.fetchall())
-        self.db.create_index('test', 'key1', 'key2')
-        c.execute("SELECT doc_id, field_name, value FROM document_fields"
-                  " ORDER BY doc_id, field_name, value")
-        self.assertEqual(sorted(
-            [(doc1.doc_id, "key1", "val1"),
-             (doc1.doc_id, "key2", "val2"),
-             (doc2.doc_id, "key1", "valx"),
-             (doc2.doc_id, "key2", "valy"), ]), sorted(c.fetchall()))
-
-    def test_put_updates_fields(self):
-        self.db.create_index('test', 'key1', 'key2')
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(
-            '{"key1": "val1", "key2": "val2"}')
-        doc1.content = {"key1": "val1", "key2": "valy"}
-        self.db.put_doc(doc1)
-        c = self.db._get_sqlite_handle().cursor()
-        c.execute("SELECT doc_id, field_name, value FROM document_fields"
-                  " ORDER BY doc_id, field_name, value")
-        self.assertEqual([(doc1.doc_id, "key1", "val1"),
-                          (doc1.doc_id, "key2", "valy"), ], c.fetchall())
-
-    def test_put_updates_nested_fields(self):
-        self.db.create_index('test', 'key', 'sub.doc')
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(nested_doc)
-        c = self.db._get_sqlite_handle().cursor()
-        c.execute("SELECT doc_id, field_name, value FROM document_fields"
-                  " ORDER BY doc_id, field_name, value")
-        self.assertEqual([(doc1.doc_id, "key", "value"),
-                          (doc1.doc_id, "sub.doc", "underneath"), ],
-                         c.fetchall())
-
-    def test__ensure_schema_rollback(self):
-        temp_dir = self.createTempDir(prefix='u1db-test-')
-        path = temp_dir + '/rollback.db'
-
-        class SQLitePartialExpandDbTesting(
-                sqlite_backend.SQLitePartialExpandDatabase):
-
-            def _set_replica_uid_in_transaction(self, uid):
-                super(SQLitePartialExpandDbTesting,
-                      self)._set_replica_uid_in_transaction(uid)
-                if fail:
-                    raise Exception()
-
-        db = SQLitePartialExpandDbTesting.__new__(SQLitePartialExpandDbTesting)
-        db._db_handle = dbapi2.connect(path)  # db is there but not yet init-ed
-        fail = True
-        self.assertRaises(Exception, db._ensure_schema)
-        fail = False
-        db._initialize(db._db_handle.cursor())
-
-    def test__open_database(self):
-        temp_dir = self.createTempDir(prefix='u1db-test-')
-        path = temp_dir + '/test.sqlite'
-        sqlite_backend.SQLitePartialExpandDatabase(path)
-        db2 = sqlite_backend.SQLiteDatabase._open_database(path)
-        self.assertIsInstance(db2, sqlite_backend.SQLitePartialExpandDatabase)
-
-    def test__open_database_with_factory(self):
-        temp_dir = self.createTempDir(prefix='u1db-test-')
-        path = temp_dir + '/test.sqlite'
-        sqlite_backend.SQLitePartialExpandDatabase(path)
-        db2 = sqlite_backend.SQLiteDatabase._open_database(
-            path, document_factory=TestAlternativeDocument)
-        self.assertEqual(TestAlternativeDocument, db2._factory)
-
-    def test__open_database_non_existent(self):
-        temp_dir = self.createTempDir(prefix='u1db-test-')
-        path = temp_dir + '/non-existent.sqlite'
-        self.assertRaises(errors.DatabaseDoesNotExist,
-                          sqlite_backend.SQLiteDatabase._open_database, path)
-
-    def test__open_database_during_init(self):
-        temp_dir = self.createTempDir(prefix='u1db-test-')
-        path = temp_dir + '/initialised.db'
-        db = sqlite_backend.SQLitePartialExpandDatabase.__new__(
-            sqlite_backend.SQLitePartialExpandDatabase)
-        db._db_handle = dbapi2.connect(path)  # db is there but not yet init-ed
-        self.addCleanup(db.close)
-        observed = []
-
-        class SQLiteDatabaseTesting(sqlite_backend.SQLiteDatabase):
-            WAIT_FOR_PARALLEL_INIT_HALF_INTERVAL = 0.1
-
-            @classmethod
-            def _which_index_storage(cls, c):
-                res = super(SQLiteDatabaseTesting, cls)._which_index_storage(c)
-                db._ensure_schema()  # init db
-                observed.append(res[0])
-                return res
-
-        db2 = SQLiteDatabaseTesting._open_database(path)
-        self.addCleanup(db2.close)
-        self.assertIsInstance(db2, sqlite_backend.SQLitePartialExpandDatabase)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [None,
-             sqlite_backend.SQLitePartialExpandDatabase._index_storage_value],
-            observed)
-
-    def test__open_database_invalid(self):
-        class SQLiteDatabaseTesting(sqlite_backend.SQLiteDatabase):
-            WAIT_FOR_PARALLEL_INIT_HALF_INTERVAL = 0.1
-        temp_dir = self.createTempDir(prefix='u1db-test-')
-        path1 = temp_dir + '/invalid1.db'
-        with open(path1, 'wb') as f:
-            f.write("")
-        self.assertRaises(dbapi2.OperationalError,
-                          SQLiteDatabaseTesting._open_database, path1)
-        with open(path1, 'wb') as f:
-            f.write("invalid")
-        self.assertRaises(dbapi2.DatabaseError,
-                          SQLiteDatabaseTesting._open_database, path1)
-
-    def test_open_database_existing(self):
-        temp_dir = self.createTempDir(prefix='u1db-test-')
-        path = temp_dir + '/existing.sqlite'
-        sqlite_backend.SQLitePartialExpandDatabase(path)
-        db2 = sqlite_backend.SQLiteDatabase.open_database(path, create=False)
-        self.assertIsInstance(db2, sqlite_backend.SQLitePartialExpandDatabase)
-
-    def test_open_database_with_factory(self):
-        temp_dir = self.createTempDir(prefix='u1db-test-')
-        path = temp_dir + '/existing.sqlite'
-        sqlite_backend.SQLitePartialExpandDatabase(path)
-        db2 = sqlite_backend.SQLiteDatabase.open_database(
-            path, create=False, document_factory=TestAlternativeDocument)
-        self.assertEqual(TestAlternativeDocument, db2._factory)
-
-    def test_open_database_create(self):
-        temp_dir = self.createTempDir(prefix='u1db-test-')
-        path = temp_dir + '/new.sqlite'
-        sqlite_backend.SQLiteDatabase.open_database(path, create=True)
-        db2 = sqlite_backend.SQLiteDatabase.open_database(path, create=False)
-        self.assertIsInstance(db2, sqlite_backend.SQLitePartialExpandDatabase)
-
-    def test_open_database_non_existent(self):
-        temp_dir = self.createTempDir(prefix='u1db-test-')
-        path = temp_dir + '/non-existent.sqlite'
-        self.assertRaises(errors.DatabaseDoesNotExist,
-                          sqlite_backend.SQLiteDatabase.open_database, path,
-                          create=False)
-
-    def test_delete_database_existent(self):
-        temp_dir = self.createTempDir(prefix='u1db-test-')
-        path = temp_dir + '/new.sqlite'
-        db = sqlite_backend.SQLiteDatabase.open_database(path, create=True)
-        db.close()
-        sqlite_backend.SQLiteDatabase.delete_database(path)
-        self.assertRaises(errors.DatabaseDoesNotExist,
-                          sqlite_backend.SQLiteDatabase.open_database, path,
-                          create=False)
-
-    def test_delete_database_nonexistent(self):
-        temp_dir = self.createTempDir(prefix='u1db-test-')
-        path = temp_dir + '/non-existent.sqlite'
-        self.assertRaises(errors.DatabaseDoesNotExist,
-                          sqlite_backend.SQLiteDatabase.delete_database, path)
-
-    def test__get_indexed_fields(self):
-        self.db.create_index('idx1', 'a', 'b')
-        self.assertEqual(set(['a', 'b']), self.db._get_indexed_fields())
-        self.db.create_index('idx2', 'b', 'c')
-        self.assertEqual(set(['a', 'b', 'c']), self.db._get_indexed_fields())
-
-    def test_indexed_fields_expanded(self):
-        self.db.create_index('idx1', 'key1')
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key1": "val1", "key2": "val2"}')
-        self.assertEqual(set(['key1']), self.db._get_indexed_fields())
-        c = self.db._get_sqlite_handle().cursor()
-        c.execute("SELECT doc_id, field_name, value FROM document_fields"
-                  " ORDER BY doc_id, field_name, value")
-        self.assertEqual([(doc1.doc_id, 'key1', 'val1')], c.fetchall())
-
-    def test_create_index_updates_fields(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"key1": "val1", "key2": "val2"}')
-        self.db.create_index('idx1', 'key1')
-        self.assertEqual(set(['key1']), self.db._get_indexed_fields())
-        c = self.db._get_sqlite_handle().cursor()
-        c.execute("SELECT doc_id, field_name, value FROM document_fields"
-                  " ORDER BY doc_id, field_name, value")
-        self.assertEqual([(doc1.doc_id, 'key1', 'val1')], c.fetchall())
-
-    def assertFormatQueryEquals(self, exp_statement, exp_args, definition,
-                                values):
-        statement, args = self.db._format_query(definition, values)
-        self.assertEqual(exp_statement, statement)
-        self.assertEqual(exp_args, args)
-
-    def test__format_query(self):
-        self.assertFormatQueryEquals(
-            "SELECT d.doc_id, d.doc_rev, d.content, count(c.doc_rev) FROM "
-            "document d, document_fields d0 LEFT OUTER JOIN conflicts c ON "
-            "c.doc_id = d.doc_id WHERE d.doc_id = d0.doc_id AND d0.field_name "
-            "= ? AND d0.value = ? GROUP BY d.doc_id, d.doc_rev, d.content "
-            "ORDER BY d0.value;", ["key1", "a"],
-            ["key1"], ["a"])
-
-    def test__format_query2(self):
-        self.assertFormatQueryEquals(
-            'SELECT d.doc_id, d.doc_rev, d.content, count(c.doc_rev) FROM '
-            'document d, document_fields d0, document_fields d1, '
-            'document_fields d2 LEFT OUTER JOIN conflicts c ON c.doc_id = '
-            'd.doc_id WHERE d.doc_id = d0.doc_id AND d0.field_name = ? AND '
-            'd0.value = ? AND d.doc_id = d1.doc_id AND d1.field_name = ? AND '
-            'd1.value = ? AND d.doc_id = d2.doc_id AND d2.field_name = ? AND '
-            'd2.value = ? GROUP BY d.doc_id, d.doc_rev, d.content ORDER BY '
-            'd0.value, d1.value, d2.value;',
-            ["key1", "a", "key2", "b", "key3", "c"],
-            ["key1", "key2", "key3"], ["a", "b", "c"])
-
-    def test__format_query_wildcard(self):
-        self.assertFormatQueryEquals(
-            'SELECT d.doc_id, d.doc_rev, d.content, count(c.doc_rev) FROM '
-            'document d, document_fields d0, document_fields d1, '
-            'document_fields d2 LEFT OUTER JOIN conflicts c ON c.doc_id = '
-            'd.doc_id WHERE d.doc_id = d0.doc_id AND d0.field_name = ? AND '
-            'd0.value = ? AND d.doc_id = d1.doc_id AND d1.field_name = ? AND '
-            'd1.value GLOB ? AND d.doc_id = d2.doc_id AND d2.field_name = ? '
-            'AND d2.value NOT NULL GROUP BY d.doc_id, d.doc_rev, d.content '
-            'ORDER BY d0.value, d1.value, d2.value;',
-            ["key1", "a", "key2", "b*", "key3"], ["key1", "key2", "key3"],
-            ["a", "b*", "*"])
-
-    def assertFormatRangeQueryEquals(self, exp_statement, exp_args, definition,
-                                     start_value, end_value):
-        statement, args = self.db._format_range_query(
-            definition, start_value, end_value)
-        self.assertEqual(exp_statement, statement)
-        self.assertEqual(exp_args, args)
-
-    def test__format_range_query(self):
-        self.assertFormatRangeQueryEquals(
-            'SELECT d.doc_id, d.doc_rev, d.content, count(c.doc_rev) FROM '
-            'document d, document_fields d0, document_fields d1, '
-            'document_fields d2 LEFT OUTER JOIN conflicts c ON c.doc_id = '
-            'd.doc_id WHERE d.doc_id = d0.doc_id AND d0.field_name = ? AND '
-            'd0.value >= ? AND d.doc_id = d1.doc_id AND d1.field_name = ? AND '
-            'd1.value >= ? AND d.doc_id = d2.doc_id AND d2.field_name = ? AND '
-            'd2.value >= ? AND d.doc_id = d0.doc_id AND d0.field_name = ? AND '
-            'd0.value <= ? AND d.doc_id = d1.doc_id AND d1.field_name = ? AND '
-            'd1.value <= ? AND d.doc_id = d2.doc_id AND d2.field_name = ? AND '
-            'd2.value <= ? GROUP BY d.doc_id, d.doc_rev, d.content ORDER BY '
-            'd0.value, d1.value, d2.value;',
-            ['key1', 'a', 'key2', 'b', 'key3', 'c', 'key1', 'p', 'key2', 'q',
-             'key3', 'r'],
-            ["key1", "key2", "key3"], ["a", "b", "c"], ["p", "q", "r"])
-
-    def test__format_range_query_no_start(self):
-        self.assertFormatRangeQueryEquals(
-            'SELECT d.doc_id, d.doc_rev, d.content, count(c.doc_rev) FROM '
-            'document d, document_fields d0, document_fields d1, '
-            'document_fields d2 LEFT OUTER JOIN conflicts c ON c.doc_id = '
-            'd.doc_id WHERE d.doc_id = d0.doc_id AND d0.field_name = ? AND '
-            'd0.value <= ? AND d.doc_id = d1.doc_id AND d1.field_name = ? AND '
-            'd1.value <= ? AND d.doc_id = d2.doc_id AND d2.field_name = ? AND '
-            'd2.value <= ? GROUP BY d.doc_id, d.doc_rev, d.content ORDER BY '
-            'd0.value, d1.value, d2.value;',
-            ['key1', 'a', 'key2', 'b', 'key3', 'c'],
-            ["key1", "key2", "key3"], None, ["a", "b", "c"])
-
-    def test__format_range_query_no_end(self):
-        self.assertFormatRangeQueryEquals(
-            'SELECT d.doc_id, d.doc_rev, d.content, count(c.doc_rev) FROM '
-            'document d, document_fields d0, document_fields d1, '
-            'document_fields d2 LEFT OUTER JOIN conflicts c ON c.doc_id = '
-            'd.doc_id WHERE d.doc_id = d0.doc_id AND d0.field_name = ? AND '
-            'd0.value >= ? AND d.doc_id = d1.doc_id AND d1.field_name = ? AND '
-            'd1.value >= ? AND d.doc_id = d2.doc_id AND d2.field_name = ? AND '
-            'd2.value >= ? GROUP BY d.doc_id, d.doc_rev, d.content ORDER BY '
-            'd0.value, d1.value, d2.value;',
-            ['key1', 'a', 'key2', 'b', 'key3', 'c'],
-            ["key1", "key2", "key3"], ["a", "b", "c"], None)
-
-    def test__format_range_query_wildcard(self):
-        self.assertFormatRangeQueryEquals(
-            'SELECT d.doc_id, d.doc_rev, d.content, count(c.doc_rev) FROM '
-            'document d, document_fields d0, document_fields d1, '
-            'document_fields d2 LEFT OUTER JOIN conflicts c ON c.doc_id = '
-            'd.doc_id WHERE d.doc_id = d0.doc_id AND d0.field_name = ? AND '
-            'd0.value >= ? AND d.doc_id = d1.doc_id AND d1.field_name = ? AND '
-            'd1.value >= ? AND d.doc_id = d2.doc_id AND d2.field_name = ? AND '
-            'd2.value NOT NULL AND d.doc_id = d0.doc_id AND d0.field_name = ? '
-            'AND d0.value <= ? AND d.doc_id = d1.doc_id AND d1.field_name = ? '
-            'AND (d1.value < ? OR d1.value GLOB ?) AND d.doc_id = d2.doc_id '
-            'AND d2.field_name = ? AND d2.value NOT NULL GROUP BY d.doc_id, '
-            'd.doc_rev, d.content ORDER BY d0.value, d1.value, d2.value;',
-            ['key1', 'a', 'key2', 'b', 'key3', 'key1', 'p', 'key2', 'q', 'q*',
-             'key3'],
-            ["key1", "key2", "key3"], ["a", "b*", "*"], ["p", "q*", "*"])
diff --git a/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/test_sync.py b/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/test_sync.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 96aa2736..00000000
--- a/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/test_sync.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1242 +0,0 @@
-# Copyright 2011-2012 Canonical Ltd.
-#
-# This file is part of u1db.
-#
-# u1db is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-# it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License version 3
-# as published by the Free Software Foundation.
-#
-# u1db is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-# GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
-#
-# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
-# along with u1db.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-"""The Synchronization class for U1DB."""
-
-import os
-from wsgiref import simple_server
-
-from u1db import (
-    errors,
-    sync,
-    vectorclock,
-    SyncTarget,
-)
-
-from leap.soledad.tests import u1db_tests as tests
-
-from u1db.backends import (
-    inmemory,
-)
-from u1db.remote import (
-    http_target,
-)
-
-from leap.soledad.tests.u1db_tests.test_remote_sync_target import (
-    make_http_app,
-    make_oauth_http_app,
-)
-
-simple_doc = tests.simple_doc
-nested_doc = tests.nested_doc
-
-
-def _make_local_db_and_target(test):
-    db = test.create_database('test')
-    st = db.get_sync_target()
-    return db, st
-
-
-def _make_local_db_and_http_target(test, path='test'):
-    test.startServer()
-    db = test.request_state._create_database(os.path.basename(path))
-    st = http_target.HTTPSyncTarget.connect(test.getURL(path))
-    return db, st
-
-
-def _make_local_db_and_oauth_http_target(test):
-    db, st = _make_local_db_and_http_target(test, '~/test')
-    st.set_oauth_credentials(tests.consumer1.key, tests.consumer1.secret,
-                             tests.token1.key, tests.token1.secret)
-    return db, st
-
-
-target_scenarios = [
-    ('local', {'create_db_and_target': _make_local_db_and_target}),
-    ('http', {'create_db_and_target': _make_local_db_and_http_target,
-              'make_app_with_state': make_http_app}),
-    ('oauth_http', {'create_db_and_target':
-                    _make_local_db_and_oauth_http_target,
-                    'make_app_with_state': make_oauth_http_app}),
-]
-
-
-class DatabaseSyncTargetTests(tests.DatabaseBaseTests,
-                              tests.TestCaseWithServer):
-
-    scenarios = (tests.multiply_scenarios(tests.DatabaseBaseTests.scenarios,
-                                          target_scenarios))
-                 #+ c_db_scenarios)
-    # whitebox true means self.db is the actual local db object
-    # against which the sync is performed
-    whitebox = True
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        super(DatabaseSyncTargetTests, self).setUp()
-        self.db, self.st = self.create_db_and_target(self)
-        self.other_changes = []
-
-    def tearDown(self):
-        # We delete them explicitly, so that connections are cleanly closed
-        del self.st
-        self.db.close()
-        del self.db
-        super(DatabaseSyncTargetTests, self).tearDown()
-
-    def receive_doc(self, doc, gen, trans_id):
-        self.other_changes.append(
-            (doc.doc_id, doc.rev, doc.get_json(), gen, trans_id))
-
-    def set_trace_hook(self, callback, shallow=False):
-        setter = (self.st._set_trace_hook if not shallow else
-                  self.st._set_trace_hook_shallow)
-        try:
-            setter(callback)
-        except NotImplementedError:
-            self.skipTest("%s does not implement _set_trace_hook"
-                          % (self.st.__class__.__name__,))
-
-    def test_get_sync_target(self):
-        self.assertIsNot(None, self.st)
-
-    def test_get_sync_info(self):
-        self.assertEqual(
-            ('test', 0, '', 0, ''), self.st.get_sync_info('other'))
-
-    def test_create_doc_updates_sync_info(self):
-        self.assertEqual(
-            ('test', 0, '', 0, ''), self.st.get_sync_info('other'))
-        self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.assertEqual(1, self.st.get_sync_info('other')[1])
-
-    def test_record_sync_info(self):
-        self.st.record_sync_info('replica', 10, 'T-transid')
-        self.assertEqual(
-            ('test', 0, '', 10, 'T-transid'), self.st.get_sync_info('replica'))
-
-    def test_sync_exchange(self):
-        docs_by_gen = [
-            (self.make_document('doc-id', 'replica:1', simple_doc), 10,
-             'T-sid')]
-        new_gen, trans_id = self.st.sync_exchange(
-            docs_by_gen, 'replica', last_known_generation=0,
-            last_known_trans_id=None, return_doc_cb=self.receive_doc)
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db, 'doc-id', 'replica:1', simple_doc, False)
-        self.assertTransactionLog(['doc-id'], self.db)
-        last_trans_id = self.getLastTransId(self.db)
-        self.assertEqual(([], 1, last_trans_id),
-                         (self.other_changes, new_gen, last_trans_id))
-        self.assertEqual(10, self.st.get_sync_info('replica')[3])
-
-    def test_sync_exchange_deleted(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json('{}')
-        edit_rev = 'replica:1|' + doc.rev
-        docs_by_gen = [
-            (self.make_document(doc.doc_id, edit_rev, None), 10, 'T-sid')]
-        new_gen, trans_id = self.st.sync_exchange(
-            docs_by_gen, 'replica', last_known_generation=0,
-            last_known_trans_id=None, return_doc_cb=self.receive_doc)
-        self.assertGetDocIncludeDeleted(
-            self.db, doc.doc_id, edit_rev, None, False)
-        self.assertTransactionLog([doc.doc_id, doc.doc_id], self.db)
-        last_trans_id = self.getLastTransId(self.db)
-        self.assertEqual(([], 2, last_trans_id),
-                         (self.other_changes, new_gen, trans_id))
-        self.assertEqual(10, self.st.get_sync_info('replica')[3])
-
-    def test_sync_exchange_push_many(self):
-        docs_by_gen = [
-            (self.make_document('doc-id', 'replica:1', simple_doc), 10, 'T-1'),
-            (self.make_document('doc-id2', 'replica:1', nested_doc), 11,
-             'T-2')]
-        new_gen, trans_id = self.st.sync_exchange(
-            docs_by_gen, 'replica', last_known_generation=0,
-            last_known_trans_id=None, return_doc_cb=self.receive_doc)
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db, 'doc-id', 'replica:1', simple_doc, False)
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db, 'doc-id2', 'replica:1', nested_doc, False)
-        self.assertTransactionLog(['doc-id', 'doc-id2'], self.db)
-        last_trans_id = self.getLastTransId(self.db)
-        self.assertEqual(([], 2, last_trans_id),
-                         (self.other_changes, new_gen, trans_id))
-        self.assertEqual(11, self.st.get_sync_info('replica')[3])
-
-    def test_sync_exchange_refuses_conflicts(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.assertTransactionLog([doc.doc_id], self.db)
-        new_doc = '{"key": "altval"}'
-        docs_by_gen = [
-            (self.make_document(doc.doc_id, 'replica:1', new_doc), 10,
-             'T-sid')]
-        new_gen, _ = self.st.sync_exchange(
-            docs_by_gen, 'replica', last_known_generation=0,
-            last_known_trans_id=None, return_doc_cb=self.receive_doc)
-        self.assertTransactionLog([doc.doc_id], self.db)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            (doc.doc_id, doc.rev, simple_doc, 1), self.other_changes[0][:-1])
-        self.assertEqual(1, new_gen)
-        if self.whitebox:
-            self.assertEqual(self.db._last_exchange_log['return'],
-                             {'last_gen': 1, 'docs': [(doc.doc_id, doc.rev)]})
-
-    def test_sync_exchange_ignores_convergence(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.assertTransactionLog([doc.doc_id], self.db)
-        gen, txid = self.db._get_generation_info()
-        docs_by_gen = [
-            (self.make_document(doc.doc_id, doc.rev, simple_doc), 10, 'T-sid')]
-        new_gen, _ = self.st.sync_exchange(
-            docs_by_gen, 'replica', last_known_generation=gen,
-            last_known_trans_id=txid, return_doc_cb=self.receive_doc)
-        self.assertTransactionLog([doc.doc_id], self.db)
-        self.assertEqual(([], 1), (self.other_changes, new_gen))
-
-    def test_sync_exchange_returns_new_docs(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.assertTransactionLog([doc.doc_id], self.db)
-        new_gen, _ = self.st.sync_exchange(
-            [], 'other-replica', last_known_generation=0,
-            last_known_trans_id=None, return_doc_cb=self.receive_doc)
-        self.assertTransactionLog([doc.doc_id], self.db)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            (doc.doc_id, doc.rev, simple_doc, 1), self.other_changes[0][:-1])
-        self.assertEqual(1, new_gen)
-        if self.whitebox:
-            self.assertEqual(self.db._last_exchange_log['return'],
-                             {'last_gen': 1, 'docs': [(doc.doc_id, doc.rev)]})
-
-    def test_sync_exchange_returns_deleted_docs(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.db.delete_doc(doc)
-        self.assertTransactionLog([doc.doc_id, doc.doc_id], self.db)
-        new_gen, _ = self.st.sync_exchange(
-            [], 'other-replica', last_known_generation=0,
-            last_known_trans_id=None, return_doc_cb=self.receive_doc)
-        self.assertTransactionLog([doc.doc_id, doc.doc_id], self.db)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            (doc.doc_id, doc.rev, None, 2), self.other_changes[0][:-1])
-        self.assertEqual(2, new_gen)
-        if self.whitebox:
-            self.assertEqual(self.db._last_exchange_log['return'],
-                             {'last_gen': 2, 'docs': [(doc.doc_id, doc.rev)]})
-
-    def test_sync_exchange_returns_many_new_docs(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        doc2 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(nested_doc)
-        self.assertTransactionLog([doc.doc_id, doc2.doc_id], self.db)
-        new_gen, _ = self.st.sync_exchange(
-            [], 'other-replica', last_known_generation=0,
-            last_known_trans_id=None, return_doc_cb=self.receive_doc)
-        self.assertTransactionLog([doc.doc_id, doc2.doc_id], self.db)
-        self.assertEqual(2, new_gen)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            [(doc.doc_id, doc.rev, simple_doc, 1),
-             (doc2.doc_id, doc2.rev, nested_doc, 2)],
-            [c[:-1] for c in self.other_changes])
-        if self.whitebox:
-            self.assertEqual(
-                self.db._last_exchange_log['return'],
-                {'last_gen': 2, 'docs':
-                 [(doc.doc_id, doc.rev), (doc2.doc_id, doc2.rev)]})
-
-    def test_sync_exchange_getting_newer_docs(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.assertTransactionLog([doc.doc_id], self.db)
-        new_doc = '{"key": "altval"}'
-        docs_by_gen = [
-            (self.make_document(doc.doc_id, 'test:1|z:2', new_doc), 10,
-             'T-sid')]
-        new_gen, _ = self.st.sync_exchange(
-            docs_by_gen, 'other-replica', last_known_generation=0,
-            last_known_trans_id=None, return_doc_cb=self.receive_doc)
-        self.assertTransactionLog([doc.doc_id, doc.doc_id], self.db)
-        self.assertEqual(([], 2), (self.other_changes, new_gen))
-
-    def test_sync_exchange_with_concurrent_updates_of_synced_doc(self):
-        expected = []
-
-        def before_whatschanged_cb(state):
-            if state != 'before whats_changed':
-                return
-            cont = '{"key": "cuncurrent"}'
-            conc_rev = self.db.put_doc(
-                self.make_document(doc.doc_id, 'test:1|z:2', cont))
-            expected.append((doc.doc_id, conc_rev, cont, 3))
-
-        self.set_trace_hook(before_whatschanged_cb)
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.assertTransactionLog([doc.doc_id], self.db)
-        new_doc = '{"key": "altval"}'
-        docs_by_gen = [
-            (self.make_document(doc.doc_id, 'test:1|z:2', new_doc), 10,
-             'T-sid')]
-        new_gen, _ = self.st.sync_exchange(
-            docs_by_gen, 'other-replica', last_known_generation=0,
-            last_known_trans_id=None, return_doc_cb=self.receive_doc)
-        self.assertEqual(expected, [c[:-1] for c in self.other_changes])
-        self.assertEqual(3, new_gen)
-
-    def test_sync_exchange_with_concurrent_updates(self):
-
-        def after_whatschanged_cb(state):
-            if state != 'after whats_changed':
-                return
-            self.db.create_doc_from_json('{"new": "doc"}')
-
-        self.set_trace_hook(after_whatschanged_cb)
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.assertTransactionLog([doc.doc_id], self.db)
-        new_doc = '{"key": "altval"}'
-        docs_by_gen = [
-            (self.make_document(doc.doc_id, 'test:1|z:2', new_doc), 10,
-             'T-sid')]
-        new_gen, _ = self.st.sync_exchange(
-            docs_by_gen, 'other-replica', last_known_generation=0,
-            last_known_trans_id=None, return_doc_cb=self.receive_doc)
-        self.assertEqual(([], 2), (self.other_changes, new_gen))
-
-    def test_sync_exchange_converged_handling(self):
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        docs_by_gen = [
-            (self.make_document('new', 'other:1', '{}'), 4, 'T-foo'),
-            (self.make_document(doc.doc_id, doc.rev, doc.get_json()), 5,
-             'T-bar')]
-        new_gen, _ = self.st.sync_exchange(
-            docs_by_gen, 'other-replica', last_known_generation=0,
-            last_known_trans_id=None, return_doc_cb=self.receive_doc)
-        self.assertEqual(([], 2), (self.other_changes, new_gen))
-
-    def test_sync_exchange_detect_incomplete_exchange(self):
-        def before_get_docs_explode(state):
-            if state != 'before get_docs':
-                return
-            raise errors.U1DBError("fail")
-        self.set_trace_hook(before_get_docs_explode)
-        # suppress traceback printing in the wsgiref server
-        self.patch(simple_server.ServerHandler,
-                   'log_exception', lambda h, exc_info: None)
-        doc = self.db.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.assertTransactionLog([doc.doc_id], self.db)
-        self.assertRaises(
-            (errors.U1DBError, errors.BrokenSyncStream),
-            self.st.sync_exchange, [], 'other-replica',
-            last_known_generation=0, last_known_trans_id=None,
-            return_doc_cb=self.receive_doc)
-
-    def test_sync_exchange_doc_ids(self):
-        sync_exchange_doc_ids = getattr(self.st, 'sync_exchange_doc_ids', None)
-        if sync_exchange_doc_ids is None:
-            self.skipTest("sync_exchange_doc_ids not implemented")
-        db2 = self.create_database('test2')
-        doc = db2.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        new_gen, trans_id = sync_exchange_doc_ids(
-            db2, [(doc.doc_id, 10, 'T-sid')], 0, None,
-            return_doc_cb=self.receive_doc)
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db, doc.doc_id, doc.rev, simple_doc, False)
-        self.assertTransactionLog([doc.doc_id], self.db)
-        last_trans_id = self.getLastTransId(self.db)
-        self.assertEqual(([], 1, last_trans_id),
-                         (self.other_changes, new_gen, trans_id))
-        self.assertEqual(10, self.st.get_sync_info(db2._replica_uid)[3])
-
-    def test__set_trace_hook(self):
-        called = []
-
-        def cb(state):
-            called.append(state)
-
-        self.set_trace_hook(cb)
-        self.st.sync_exchange([], 'replica', 0, None, self.receive_doc)
-        self.st.record_sync_info('replica', 0, 'T-sid')
-        self.assertEqual(['before whats_changed',
-                          'after whats_changed',
-                          'before get_docs',
-                          'record_sync_info',
-                          ],
-                         called)
-
-    def test__set_trace_hook_shallow(self):
-        if (self.st._set_trace_hook_shallow == self.st._set_trace_hook
-            or
-            self.st._set_trace_hook_shallow.im_func ==
-                SyncTarget._set_trace_hook_shallow.im_func):
-            # shallow same as full
-            expected = ['before whats_changed',
-                        'after whats_changed',
-                        'before get_docs',
-                        'record_sync_info',
-                        ]
-        else:
-            expected = ['sync_exchange', 'record_sync_info']
-
-        called = []
-
-        def cb(state):
-            called.append(state)
-
-        self.set_trace_hook(cb, shallow=True)
-        self.st.sync_exchange([], 'replica', 0, None, self.receive_doc)
-        self.st.record_sync_info('replica', 0, 'T-sid')
-        self.assertEqual(expected, called)
-
-
-def sync_via_synchronizer(test, db_source, db_target, trace_hook=None,
-                          trace_hook_shallow=None):
-    target = db_target.get_sync_target()
-    trace_hook = trace_hook or trace_hook_shallow
-    if trace_hook:
-        target._set_trace_hook(trace_hook)
-    return sync.Synchronizer(db_source, target).sync()
-
-
-sync_scenarios = []
-for name, scenario in tests.LOCAL_DATABASES_SCENARIOS:
-    scenario = dict(scenario)
-    scenario['do_sync'] = sync_via_synchronizer
-    sync_scenarios.append((name, scenario))
-    scenario = dict(scenario)
-
-
-def make_database_for_http_test(test, replica_uid):
-    if test.server is None:
-        test.startServer()
-    db = test.request_state._create_database(replica_uid)
-    try:
-        http_at = test._http_at
-    except AttributeError:
-        http_at = test._http_at = {}
-    http_at[db] = replica_uid
-    return db
-
-
-def copy_database_for_http_test(test, db):
-    # DO NOT COPY OR REUSE THIS CODE OUTSIDE TESTS: COPYING U1DB DATABASES IS
-    # THE WRONG THING TO DO, THE ONLY REASON WE DO SO HERE IS TO TEST THAT WE
-    # CORRECTLY DETECT IT HAPPENING SO THAT WE CAN RAISE ERRORS RATHER THAN
-    # CORRUPT USER DATA. USE SYNC INSTEAD, OR WE WILL SEND NINJA TO YOUR HOUSE.
-    if test.server is None:
-        test.startServer()
-    new_db = test.request_state._copy_database(db)
-    try:
-        http_at = test._http_at
-    except AttributeError:
-        http_at = test._http_at = {}
-    path = db._replica_uid
-    while path in http_at.values():
-        path += 'copy'
-    http_at[new_db] = path
-    return new_db
-
-
-def sync_via_synchronizer_and_http(test, db_source, db_target,
-                                   trace_hook=None, trace_hook_shallow=None):
-    if trace_hook:
-        test.skipTest("full trace hook unsupported over http")
-    path = test._http_at[db_target]
-    target = http_target.HTTPSyncTarget.connect(test.getURL(path))
-    if trace_hook_shallow:
-        target._set_trace_hook_shallow(trace_hook_shallow)
-    return sync.Synchronizer(db_source, target).sync()
-
-
-sync_scenarios.append(('pyhttp', {
-    'make_database_for_test': make_database_for_http_test,
-    'copy_database_for_test': copy_database_for_http_test,
-    'make_document_for_test': tests.make_document_for_test,
-    'make_app_with_state': make_http_app,
-    'do_sync': sync_via_synchronizer_and_http
-}))
-
-
-class DatabaseSyncTests(tests.DatabaseBaseTests,
-                        tests.TestCaseWithServer):
-
-    scenarios = sync_scenarios
-    do_sync = None                 # set by scenarios
-
-    def create_database(self, replica_uid, sync_role=None):
-        if replica_uid == 'test' and sync_role is None:
-            # created up the chain by base class but unused
-            return None
-        db = self.create_database_for_role(replica_uid, sync_role)
-        if sync_role:
-            self._use_tracking[db] = (replica_uid, sync_role)
-        return db
-
-    def create_database_for_role(self, replica_uid, sync_role):
-        # hook point for reuse
-        return super(DatabaseSyncTests, self).create_database(replica_uid)
-
-    def copy_database(self, db, sync_role=None):
-        # DO NOT COPY OR REUSE THIS CODE OUTSIDE TESTS: COPYING U1DB DATABASES
-        # IS THE WRONG THING TO DO, THE ONLY REASON WE DO SO HERE IS TO TEST
-        # THAT WE CORRECTLY DETECT IT HAPPENING SO THAT WE CAN RAISE ERRORS
-        # RATHER THAN CORRUPT USER DATA. USE SYNC INSTEAD, OR WE WILL SEND
-        # NINJA TO YOUR HOUSE.
-        db_copy = super(DatabaseSyncTests, self).copy_database(db)
-        name, orig_sync_role = self._use_tracking[db]
-        self._use_tracking[db_copy] = (name + '(copy)', sync_role
-                                       or orig_sync_role)
-        return db_copy
-
-    def sync(self, db_from, db_to, trace_hook=None,
-             trace_hook_shallow=None):
-        from_name, from_sync_role = self._use_tracking[db_from]
-        to_name, to_sync_role = self._use_tracking[db_to]
-        if from_sync_role not in ('source', 'both'):
-            raise Exception("%s marked for %s use but used as source" %
-                            (from_name, from_sync_role))
-        if to_sync_role not in ('target', 'both'):
-            raise Exception("%s marked for %s use but used as target" %
-                            (to_name, to_sync_role))
-        return self.do_sync(self, db_from, db_to, trace_hook,
-                            trace_hook_shallow)
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        self._use_tracking = {}
-        super(DatabaseSyncTests, self).setUp()
-
-    def assertLastExchangeLog(self, db, expected):
-        log = getattr(db, '_last_exchange_log', None)
-        if log is None:
-            return
-        self.assertEqual(expected, log)
-
-    def test_sync_tracks_db_generation_of_other(self):
-        self.db1 = self.create_database('test1', 'source')
-        self.db2 = self.create_database('test2', 'target')
-        self.assertEqual(0, self.sync(self.db1, self.db2))
-        self.assertEqual(
-            (0, ''), self.db1._get_replica_gen_and_trans_id('test2'))
-        self.assertEqual(
-            (0, ''), self.db2._get_replica_gen_and_trans_id('test1'))
-        self.assertLastExchangeLog(self.db2,
-                                   {'receive':
-                                       {'docs': [], 'last_known_gen': 0},
-                                    'return':
-                                       {'docs': [], 'last_gen': 0}})
-
-    def test_sync_autoresolves(self):
-        self.db1 = self.create_database('test1', 'source')
-        self.db2 = self.create_database('test2', 'target')
-        doc1 = self.db1.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc, doc_id='doc')
-        rev1 = doc1.rev
-        doc2 = self.db2.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc, doc_id='doc')
-        rev2 = doc2.rev
-        self.sync(self.db1, self.db2)
-        doc = self.db1.get_doc('doc')
-        self.assertFalse(doc.has_conflicts)
-        self.assertEqual(doc.rev, self.db2.get_doc('doc').rev)
-        v = vectorclock.VectorClockRev(doc.rev)
-        self.assertTrue(v.is_newer(vectorclock.VectorClockRev(rev1)))
-        self.assertTrue(v.is_newer(vectorclock.VectorClockRev(rev2)))
-
-    def test_sync_autoresolves_moar(self):
-        # here we test that when a database that has a conflicted document is
-        # the source of a sync, and the target database has a revision of the
-        # conflicted document that is newer than the source database's, and
-        # that target's database's document's content is the same as the
-        # source's document's conflict's, the source's document's conflict gets
-        # autoresolved, and the source's document's revision bumped.
-        #
-        # idea is as follows:
-        # A          B
-        # a1         -
-        #   `------->
-        # a1         a1
-        # v          v
-        # a2         a1b1
-        #   `------->
-        # a1b1+a2    a1b1
-        #            v
-        # a1b1+a2    a1b2 (a1b2 has same content as a2)
-        #   `------->
-        # a3b2       a1b2 (autoresolved)
-        #   `------->
-        # a3b2       a3b2
-        self.db1 = self.create_database('test1', 'source')
-        self.db2 = self.create_database('test2', 'target')
-        self.db1.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc, doc_id='doc')
-        self.sync(self.db1, self.db2)
-        for db, content in [(self.db1, '{}'), (self.db2, '{"hi": 42}')]:
-            doc = db.get_doc('doc')
-            doc.set_json(content)
-            db.put_doc(doc)
-        self.sync(self.db1, self.db2)
-        # db1 and db2 now both have a doc of {hi:42}, but db1 has a conflict
-        doc = self.db1.get_doc('doc')
-        rev1 = doc.rev
-        self.assertTrue(doc.has_conflicts)
-        # set db2 to have a doc of {} (same as db1 before the conflict)
-        doc = self.db2.get_doc('doc')
-        doc.set_json('{}')
-        self.db2.put_doc(doc)
-        rev2 = doc.rev
-        # sync it across
-        self.sync(self.db1, self.db2)
-        # tadaa!
-        doc = self.db1.get_doc('doc')
-        self.assertFalse(doc.has_conflicts)
-        vec1 = vectorclock.VectorClockRev(rev1)
-        vec2 = vectorclock.VectorClockRev(rev2)
-        vec3 = vectorclock.VectorClockRev(doc.rev)
-        self.assertTrue(vec3.is_newer(vec1))
-        self.assertTrue(vec3.is_newer(vec2))
-        # because the conflict is on the source, sync it another time
-        self.sync(self.db1, self.db2)
-        # make sure db2 now has the exact same thing
-        self.assertEqual(self.db1.get_doc('doc'), self.db2.get_doc('doc'))
-
-    def test_sync_autoresolves_moar_backwards(self):
-        # here we test that when a database that has a conflicted document is
-        # the target of a sync, and the source database has a revision of the
-        # conflicted document that is newer than the target database's, and
-        # that source's database's document's content is the same as the
-        # target's document's conflict's, the target's document's conflict gets
-        # autoresolved, and the document's revision bumped.
-        #
-        # idea is as follows:
-        # A          B
-        # a1         -
-        #   `------->
-        # a1         a1
-        # v          v
-        # a2         a1b1
-        #   `------->
-        # a1b1+a2    a1b1
-        #            v
-        # a1b1+a2    a1b2 (a1b2 has same content as a2)
-        #   <-------'
-        # a3b2       a3b2 (autoresolved and propagated)
-        self.db1 = self.create_database('test1', 'both')
-        self.db2 = self.create_database('test2', 'both')
-        self.db1.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc, doc_id='doc')
-        self.sync(self.db1, self.db2)
-        for db, content in [(self.db1, '{}'), (self.db2, '{"hi": 42}')]:
-            doc = db.get_doc('doc')
-            doc.set_json(content)
-            db.put_doc(doc)
-        self.sync(self.db1, self.db2)
-        # db1 and db2 now both have a doc of {hi:42}, but db1 has a conflict
-        doc = self.db1.get_doc('doc')
-        rev1 = doc.rev
-        self.assertTrue(doc.has_conflicts)
-        revc = self.db1.get_doc_conflicts('doc')[-1].rev
-        # set db2 to have a doc of {} (same as db1 before the conflict)
-        doc = self.db2.get_doc('doc')
-        doc.set_json('{}')
-        self.db2.put_doc(doc)
-        rev2 = doc.rev
-        # sync it across
-        self.sync(self.db2, self.db1)
-        # tadaa!
-        doc = self.db1.get_doc('doc')
-        self.assertFalse(doc.has_conflicts)
-        vec1 = vectorclock.VectorClockRev(rev1)
-        vec2 = vectorclock.VectorClockRev(rev2)
-        vec3 = vectorclock.VectorClockRev(doc.rev)
-        vecc = vectorclock.VectorClockRev(revc)
-        self.assertTrue(vec3.is_newer(vec1))
-        self.assertTrue(vec3.is_newer(vec2))
-        self.assertTrue(vec3.is_newer(vecc))
-        # make sure db2 now has the exact same thing
-        self.assertEqual(self.db1.get_doc('doc'), self.db2.get_doc('doc'))
-
-    def test_sync_autoresolves_moar_backwards_three(self):
-        # same as autoresolves_moar_backwards, but with three databases (note
-        # all the syncs go in the same direction -- this is a more natural
-        # scenario):
-        #
-        # A          B          C
-        # a1         -          -
-        #   `------->
-        # a1         a1         -
-        #              `------->
-        # a1         a1         a1
-        # v          v
-        # a2         a1b1       a1
-        #  `------------------->
-        # a2         a1b1       a2
-        #              `------->
-        #            a2+a1b1    a2
-        #                       v
-        # a2         a2+a1b1    a2c1 (same as a1b1)
-        #  `------------------->
-        # a2c1       a2+a1b1    a2c1
-        #   `------->
-        # a2b2c1     a2b2c1     a2c1
-        self.db1 = self.create_database('test1', 'source')
-        self.db2 = self.create_database('test2', 'both')
-        self.db3 = self.create_database('test3', 'target')
-        self.db1.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc, doc_id='doc')
-        self.sync(self.db1, self.db2)
-        self.sync(self.db2, self.db3)
-        for db, content in [(self.db2, '{"hi": 42}'),
-                            (self.db1, '{}'),
-                            ]:
-            doc = db.get_doc('doc')
-            doc.set_json(content)
-            db.put_doc(doc)
-        self.sync(self.db1, self.db3)
-        self.sync(self.db2, self.db3)
-        # db2 and db3 now both have a doc of {}, but db2 has a
-        # conflict
-        doc = self.db2.get_doc('doc')
-        self.assertTrue(doc.has_conflicts)
-        revc = self.db2.get_doc_conflicts('doc')[-1].rev
-        self.assertEqual('{}', doc.get_json())
-        self.assertEqual(self.db3.get_doc('doc').get_json(), doc.get_json())
-        self.assertEqual(self.db3.get_doc('doc').rev, doc.rev)
-        # set db3 to have a doc of {hi:42} (same as db2 before the conflict)
-        doc = self.db3.get_doc('doc')
-        doc.set_json('{"hi": 42}')
-        self.db3.put_doc(doc)
-        rev3 = doc.rev
-        # sync it across to db1
-        self.sync(self.db1, self.db3)
-        # db1 now has hi:42, with a rev that is newer than db2's doc
-        doc = self.db1.get_doc('doc')
-        rev1 = doc.rev
-        self.assertFalse(doc.has_conflicts)
-        self.assertEqual('{"hi": 42}', doc.get_json())
-        VCR = vectorclock.VectorClockRev
-        self.assertTrue(VCR(rev1).is_newer(VCR(self.db2.get_doc('doc').rev)))
-        # so sync it to db2
-        self.sync(self.db1, self.db2)
-        # tadaa!
-        doc = self.db2.get_doc('doc')
-        self.assertFalse(doc.has_conflicts)
-        # db2's revision of the document is strictly newer than db1's before
-        # the sync, and db3's before that sync way back when
-        self.assertTrue(VCR(doc.rev).is_newer(VCR(rev1)))
-        self.assertTrue(VCR(doc.rev).is_newer(VCR(rev3)))
-        self.assertTrue(VCR(doc.rev).is_newer(VCR(revc)))
-        # make sure both dbs now have the exact same thing
-        self.assertEqual(self.db1.get_doc('doc'), self.db2.get_doc('doc'))
-
-    def test_sync_puts_changes(self):
-        self.db1 = self.create_database('test1', 'source')
-        self.db2 = self.create_database('test2', 'target')
-        doc = self.db1.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.assertEqual(1, self.sync(self.db1, self.db2))
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db2, doc.doc_id, doc.rev, simple_doc, False)
-        self.assertEqual(1, self.db1._get_replica_gen_and_trans_id('test2')[0])
-        self.assertEqual(1, self.db2._get_replica_gen_and_trans_id('test1')[0])
-        self.assertLastExchangeLog(self.db2,
-                                   {'receive':
-                                       {'docs': [(doc.doc_id, doc.rev)],
-                                        'source_uid': 'test1',
-                                        'source_gen': 1,
-                                        'last_known_gen': 0},
-                                    'return': {'docs': [], 'last_gen': 1}})
-
-    def test_sync_pulls_changes(self):
-        self.db1 = self.create_database('test1', 'source')
-        self.db2 = self.create_database('test2', 'target')
-        doc = self.db2.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.db1.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        self.assertEqual(0, self.sync(self.db1, self.db2))
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db1, doc.doc_id, doc.rev, simple_doc, False)
-        self.assertEqual(1, self.db1._get_replica_gen_and_trans_id('test2')[0])
-        self.assertEqual(1, self.db2._get_replica_gen_and_trans_id('test1')[0])
-        self.assertLastExchangeLog(self.db2,
-                                   {'receive':
-                                       {'docs': [], 'last_known_gen': 0},
-                                    'return':
-                                       {'docs': [(doc.doc_id, doc.rev)],
-                                    'last_gen': 1}})
-        self.assertEqual([doc], self.db1.get_from_index('test-idx', 'value'))
-
-    def test_sync_pulling_doesnt_update_other_if_changed(self):
-        self.db1 = self.create_database('test1', 'source')
-        self.db2 = self.create_database('test2', 'target')
-        doc = self.db2.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        # After the local side has sent its list of docs, before we start
-        # receiving the "targets" response, we update the local database with a
-        # new record.
-        # When we finish synchronizing, we can notice that something locally
-        # was updated, and we cannot tell c2 our new updated generation
-
-        def before_get_docs(state):
-            if state != 'before get_docs':
-                return
-            self.db1.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-
-        self.assertEqual(0, self.sync(self.db1, self.db2,
-                                      trace_hook=before_get_docs))
-        self.assertLastExchangeLog(self.db2,
-                                   {'receive':
-                                       {'docs': [], 'last_known_gen': 0},
-                                    'return':
-                                       {'docs': [(doc.doc_id, doc.rev)],
-                                    'last_gen': 1}})
-        self.assertEqual(1, self.db1._get_replica_gen_and_trans_id('test2')[0])
-        # c2 should not have gotten a '_record_sync_info' call, because the
-        # local database had been updated more than just by the messages
-        # returned from c2.
-        self.assertEqual(
-            (0, ''), self.db2._get_replica_gen_and_trans_id('test1'))
-
-    def test_sync_doesnt_update_other_if_nothing_pulled(self):
-        self.db1 = self.create_database('test1', 'source')
-        self.db2 = self.create_database('test2', 'target')
-        self.db1.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-
-        def no_record_sync_info(state):
-            if state != 'record_sync_info':
-                return
-            self.fail('SyncTarget.record_sync_info was called')
-        self.assertEqual(1, self.sync(self.db1, self.db2,
-                                      trace_hook_shallow=no_record_sync_info))
-        self.assertEqual(
-            1,
-            self.db2._get_replica_gen_and_trans_id(self.db1._replica_uid)[0])
-
-    def test_sync_ignores_convergence(self):
-        self.db1 = self.create_database('test1', 'source')
-        self.db2 = self.create_database('test2', 'both')
-        doc = self.db1.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        self.db3 = self.create_database('test3', 'target')
-        self.assertEqual(1, self.sync(self.db1, self.db3))
-        self.assertEqual(0, self.sync(self.db2, self.db3))
-        self.assertEqual(1, self.sync(self.db1, self.db2))
-        self.assertLastExchangeLog(self.db2,
-                                   {'receive':
-                                       {'docs': [(doc.doc_id, doc.rev)],
-                                    'source_uid': 'test1',
-                                    'source_gen': 1, 'last_known_gen': 0},
-                                    'return': {'docs': [], 'last_gen': 1}})
-
-    def test_sync_ignores_superseded(self):
-        self.db1 = self.create_database('test1', 'both')
-        self.db2 = self.create_database('test2', 'both')
-        doc = self.db1.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        doc_rev1 = doc.rev
-        self.db3 = self.create_database('test3', 'target')
-        self.sync(self.db1, self.db3)
-        self.sync(self.db2, self.db3)
-        new_content = '{"key": "altval"}'
-        doc.set_json(new_content)
-        self.db1.put_doc(doc)
-        doc_rev2 = doc.rev
-        self.sync(self.db2, self.db1)
-        self.assertLastExchangeLog(self.db1,
-                                   {'receive':
-                                       {'docs': [(doc.doc_id, doc_rev1)],
-                                    'source_uid': 'test2',
-                                    'source_gen': 1, 'last_known_gen': 0},
-                                    'return':
-                                       {'docs': [(doc.doc_id, doc_rev2)],
-                                    'last_gen': 2}})
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db1, doc.doc_id, doc_rev2, new_content, False)
-
-    def test_sync_sees_remote_conflicted(self):
-        self.db1 = self.create_database('test1', 'source')
-        self.db2 = self.create_database('test2', 'target')
-        doc1 = self.db1.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        doc_id = doc1.doc_id
-        doc1_rev = doc1.rev
-        self.db1.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        new_doc = '{"key": "altval"}'
-        doc2 = self.db2.create_doc_from_json(new_doc, doc_id=doc_id)
-        doc2_rev = doc2.rev
-        self.assertTransactionLog([doc1.doc_id], self.db1)
-        self.sync(self.db1, self.db2)
-        self.assertLastExchangeLog(self.db2,
-                                   {'receive':
-                                       {'docs': [(doc_id, doc1_rev)],
-                                    'source_uid': 'test1',
-                                    'source_gen': 1, 'last_known_gen': 0},
-                                    'return':
-                                       {'docs': [(doc_id, doc2_rev)],
-                                    'last_gen': 1}})
-        self.assertTransactionLog([doc_id, doc_id], self.db1)
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db1, doc_id, doc2_rev, new_doc, True)
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db2, doc_id, doc2_rev, new_doc, False)
-        from_idx = self.db1.get_from_index('test-idx', 'altval')[0]
-        self.assertEqual(doc2.doc_id, from_idx.doc_id)
-        self.assertEqual(doc2.rev, from_idx.rev)
-        self.assertTrue(from_idx.has_conflicts)
-        self.assertEqual([], self.db1.get_from_index('test-idx', 'value'))
-
-    def test_sync_sees_remote_delete_conflicted(self):
-        self.db1 = self.create_database('test1', 'source')
-        self.db2 = self.create_database('test2', 'target')
-        doc1 = self.db1.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        doc_id = doc1.doc_id
-        self.db1.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        self.sync(self.db1, self.db2)
-        doc2 = self.make_document(doc1.doc_id, doc1.rev, doc1.get_json())
-        new_doc = '{"key": "altval"}'
-        doc1.set_json(new_doc)
-        self.db1.put_doc(doc1)
-        self.db2.delete_doc(doc2)
-        self.assertTransactionLog([doc_id, doc_id], self.db1)
-        self.sync(self.db1, self.db2)
-        self.assertLastExchangeLog(self.db2,
-                                   {'receive':
-                                       {'docs': [(doc_id, doc1.rev)],
-                                    'source_uid': 'test1',
-                                    'source_gen': 2, 'last_known_gen': 1},
-                                    'return': {'docs': [(doc_id, doc2.rev)],
-                                    'last_gen': 2}})
-        self.assertTransactionLog([doc_id, doc_id, doc_id], self.db1)
-        self.assertGetDocIncludeDeleted(self.db1, doc_id, doc2.rev, None, True)
-        self.assertGetDocIncludeDeleted(
-            self.db2, doc_id, doc2.rev, None, False)
-        self.assertEqual([], self.db1.get_from_index('test-idx', 'value'))
-
-    def test_sync_local_race_conflicted(self):
-        self.db1 = self.create_database('test1', 'source')
-        self.db2 = self.create_database('test2', 'target')
-        doc = self.db1.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        doc_id = doc.doc_id
-        doc1_rev = doc.rev
-        self.db1.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        self.sync(self.db1, self.db2)
-        content1 = '{"key": "localval"}'
-        content2 = '{"key": "altval"}'
-        doc.set_json(content2)
-        self.db2.put_doc(doc)
-        doc2_rev2 = doc.rev
-        triggered = []
-
-        def after_whatschanged(state):
-            if state != 'after whats_changed':
-                return
-            triggered.append(True)
-            doc = self.make_document(doc_id, doc1_rev, content1)
-            self.db1.put_doc(doc)
-
-        self.sync(self.db1, self.db2, trace_hook=after_whatschanged)
-        self.assertEqual([True], triggered)
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db1, doc_id, doc2_rev2, content2, True)
-        from_idx = self.db1.get_from_index('test-idx', 'altval')[0]
-        self.assertEqual(doc.doc_id, from_idx.doc_id)
-        self.assertEqual(doc.rev, from_idx.rev)
-        self.assertTrue(from_idx.has_conflicts)
-        self.assertEqual([], self.db1.get_from_index('test-idx', 'value'))
-        self.assertEqual([], self.db1.get_from_index('test-idx', 'localval'))
-
-    def test_sync_propagates_deletes(self):
-        self.db1 = self.create_database('test1', 'source')
-        self.db2 = self.create_database('test2', 'both')
-        doc1 = self.db1.create_doc_from_json(simple_doc)
-        doc_id = doc1.doc_id
-        self.db1.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        self.sync(self.db1, self.db2)
-        self.db2.create_index('test-idx', 'key')
-        self.db3 = self.create_database('test3', 'target')
-        self.sync(self.db1, self.db3)
-        self.db1.delete_doc(doc1)
-        deleted_rev = doc1.rev
-        self.sync(self.db1, self.db2)
-        self.assertLastExchangeLog(self.db2,
-                                   {'receive':
-                                       {'docs': [(doc_id, deleted_rev)],
-                                    'source_uid': 'test1',
-                                    'source_gen': 2, 'last_known_gen': 1},
-                                    'return': {'docs': [], 'last_gen': 2}})
-        self.assertGetDocIncludeDeleted(
-            self.db1, doc_id, deleted_rev, None, False)
-        self.assertGetDocIncludeDeleted(
-            self.db2, doc_id, deleted_rev, None, False)
-        self.assertEqual([], self.db1.get_from_index('test-idx', 'value'))
-        self.assertEqual([], self.db2.get_from_index('test-idx', 'value'))
-        self.sync(self.db2, self.db3)
-        self.assertLastExchangeLog(self.db3,
-                                   {'receive':
-                                       {'docs': [(doc_id, deleted_rev)],
-                                        'source_uid': 'test2',
-                                        'source_gen': 2,
-                                        'last_known_gen': 0},
-                                    'return':
-                                       {'docs': [], 'last_gen': 2}})
-        self.assertGetDocIncludeDeleted(
-            self.db3, doc_id, deleted_rev, None, False)
-
-    def test_sync_propagates_resolution(self):
-        self.db1 = self.create_database('test1', 'both')
-        self.db2 = self.create_database('test2', 'both')
-        doc1 = self.db1.create_doc_from_json('{"a": 1}', doc_id='the-doc')
-        db3 = self.create_database('test3', 'both')
-        self.sync(self.db2, self.db1)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            self.db1._get_generation_info(),
-            self.db2._get_replica_gen_and_trans_id(self.db1._replica_uid))
-        self.assertEqual(
-            self.db2._get_generation_info(),
-            self.db1._get_replica_gen_and_trans_id(self.db2._replica_uid))
-        self.sync(db3, self.db1)
-        # update on 2
-        doc2 = self.make_document('the-doc', doc1.rev, '{"a": 2}')
-        self.db2.put_doc(doc2)
-        self.sync(self.db2, db3)
-        self.assertEqual(db3.get_doc('the-doc').rev, doc2.rev)
-        # update on 1
-        doc1.set_json('{"a": 3}')
-        self.db1.put_doc(doc1)
-        # conflicts
-        self.sync(self.db2, self.db1)
-        self.sync(db3, self.db1)
-        self.assertTrue(self.db2.get_doc('the-doc').has_conflicts)
-        self.assertTrue(db3.get_doc('the-doc').has_conflicts)
-        # resolve
-        conflicts = self.db2.get_doc_conflicts('the-doc')
-        doc4 = self.make_document('the-doc', None, '{"a": 4}')
-        revs = [doc.rev for doc in conflicts]
-        self.db2.resolve_doc(doc4, revs)
-        doc2 = self.db2.get_doc('the-doc')
-        self.assertEqual(doc4.get_json(), doc2.get_json())
-        self.assertFalse(doc2.has_conflicts)
-        self.sync(self.db2, db3)
-        doc3 = db3.get_doc('the-doc')
-        self.assertEqual(doc4.get_json(), doc3.get_json())
-        self.assertFalse(doc3.has_conflicts)
-
-    def test_sync_supersedes_conflicts(self):
-        self.db1 = self.create_database('test1', 'both')
-        self.db2 = self.create_database('test2', 'target')
-        db3 = self.create_database('test3', 'both')
-        doc1 = self.db1.create_doc_from_json('{"a": 1}', doc_id='the-doc')
-        self.db2.create_doc_from_json('{"b": 1}', doc_id='the-doc')
-        db3.create_doc_from_json('{"c": 1}', doc_id='the-doc')
-        self.sync(db3, self.db1)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            self.db1._get_generation_info(),
-            db3._get_replica_gen_and_trans_id(self.db1._replica_uid))
-        self.assertEqual(
-            db3._get_generation_info(),
-            self.db1._get_replica_gen_and_trans_id(db3._replica_uid))
-        self.sync(db3, self.db2)
-        self.assertEqual(
-            self.db2._get_generation_info(),
-            db3._get_replica_gen_and_trans_id(self.db2._replica_uid))
-        self.assertEqual(
-            db3._get_generation_info(),
-            self.db2._get_replica_gen_and_trans_id(db3._replica_uid))
-        self.assertEqual(3, len(db3.get_doc_conflicts('the-doc')))
-        doc1.set_json('{"a": 2}')
-        self.db1.put_doc(doc1)
-        self.sync(db3, self.db1)
-        # original doc1 should have been removed from conflicts
-        self.assertEqual(3, len(db3.get_doc_conflicts('the-doc')))
-
-    def test_sync_stops_after_get_sync_info(self):
-        self.db1 = self.create_database('test1', 'source')
-        self.db2 = self.create_database('test2', 'target')
-        self.db1.create_doc_from_json(tests.simple_doc)
-        self.sync(self.db1, self.db2)
-
-        def put_hook(state):
-            self.fail("Tracehook triggered for %s" % (state,))
-
-        self.sync(self.db1, self.db2, trace_hook_shallow=put_hook)
-
-    def test_sync_detects_rollback_in_source(self):
-        self.db1 = self.create_database('test1', 'source')
-        self.db2 = self.create_database('test2', 'target')
-        self.db1.create_doc_from_json(tests.simple_doc, doc_id='doc1')
-        self.sync(self.db1, self.db2)
-        db1_copy = self.copy_database(self.db1)
-        self.db1.create_doc_from_json(tests.simple_doc, doc_id='doc2')
-        self.sync(self.db1, self.db2)
-        self.assertRaises(
-            errors.InvalidGeneration, self.sync, db1_copy, self.db2)
-
-    def test_sync_detects_rollback_in_target(self):
-        self.db1 = self.create_database('test1', 'source')
-        self.db2 = self.create_database('test2', 'target')
-        self.db1.create_doc_from_json(tests.simple_doc, doc_id="divergent")
-        self.sync(self.db1, self.db2)
-        db2_copy = self.copy_database(self.db2)
-        self.db2.create_doc_from_json(tests.simple_doc, doc_id='doc2')
-        self.sync(self.db1, self.db2)
-        self.assertRaises(
-            errors.InvalidGeneration, self.sync, self.db1, db2_copy)
-
-    def test_sync_detects_diverged_source(self):
-        self.db1 = self.create_database('test1', 'source')
-        self.db2 = self.create_database('test2', 'target')
-        db3 = self.copy_database(self.db1)
-        self.db1.create_doc_from_json(tests.simple_doc, doc_id="divergent")
-        db3.create_doc_from_json(tests.simple_doc, doc_id="divergent")
-        self.sync(self.db1, self.db2)
-        self.assertRaises(
-            errors.InvalidTransactionId, self.sync, db3, self.db2)
-
-    def test_sync_detects_diverged_target(self):
-        self.db1 = self.create_database('test1', 'source')
-        self.db2 = self.create_database('test2', 'target')
-        db3 = self.copy_database(self.db2)
-        db3.create_doc_from_json(tests.nested_doc, doc_id="divergent")
-        self.db1.create_doc_from_json(tests.simple_doc, doc_id="divergent")
-        self.sync(self.db1, self.db2)
-        self.assertRaises(
-            errors.InvalidTransactionId, self.sync, self.db1, db3)
-
-    def test_sync_detects_rollback_and_divergence_in_source(self):
-        self.db1 = self.create_database('test1', 'source')
-        self.db2 = self.create_database('test2', 'target')
-        self.db1.create_doc_from_json(tests.simple_doc, doc_id='doc1')
-        self.sync(self.db1, self.db2)
-        db1_copy = self.copy_database(self.db1)
-        self.db1.create_doc_from_json(tests.simple_doc, doc_id='doc2')
-        self.db1.create_doc_from_json(tests.simple_doc, doc_id='doc3')
-        self.sync(self.db1, self.db2)
-        db1_copy.create_doc_from_json(tests.simple_doc, doc_id='doc2')
-        db1_copy.create_doc_from_json(tests.simple_doc, doc_id='doc3')
-        self.assertRaises(
-            errors.InvalidTransactionId, self.sync, db1_copy, self.db2)
-
-    def test_sync_detects_rollback_and_divergence_in_target(self):
-        self.db1 = self.create_database('test1', 'source')
-        self.db2 = self.create_database('test2', 'target')
-        self.db1.create_doc_from_json(tests.simple_doc, doc_id="divergent")
-        self.sync(self.db1, self.db2)
-        db2_copy = self.copy_database(self.db2)
-        self.db2.create_doc_from_json(tests.simple_doc, doc_id='doc2')
-        self.db2.create_doc_from_json(tests.simple_doc, doc_id='doc3')
-        self.sync(self.db1, self.db2)
-        db2_copy.create_doc_from_json(tests.simple_doc, doc_id='doc2')
-        db2_copy.create_doc_from_json(tests.simple_doc, doc_id='doc3')
-        self.assertRaises(
-            errors.InvalidTransactionId, self.sync, self.db1, db2_copy)
-
-
-class TestDbSync(tests.TestCaseWithServer):
-    """Test db.sync remote sync shortcut"""
-
-    scenarios = [
-        ('py-http', {
-            'make_app_with_state': make_http_app,
-            'make_database_for_test': tests.make_memory_database_for_test,
-        }),
-        ('py-oauth-http', {
-            'make_app_with_state': make_oauth_http_app,
-            'make_database_for_test': tests.make_memory_database_for_test,
-            'oauth': True
-        }),
-    ]
-
-    oauth = False
-
-    def do_sync(self, target_name):
-        if self.oauth:
-            path = '~/' + target_name
-            extra = dict(creds={'oauth': {
-                'consumer_key': tests.consumer1.key,
-                'consumer_secret': tests.consumer1.secret,
-                'token_key': tests.token1.key,
-                'token_secret': tests.token1.secret,
-            }})
-        else:
-            path = target_name
-            extra = {}
-        target_url = self.getURL(path)
-        return self.db.sync(target_url, **extra)
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        super(TestDbSync, self).setUp()
-        self.startServer()
-        self.db = self.make_database_for_test(self, 'test1')
-        self.db2 = self.request_state._create_database('test2.db')
-
-    def test_db_sync(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(tests.simple_doc)
-        doc2 = self.db2.create_doc_from_json(tests.nested_doc)
-        local_gen_before_sync = self.do_sync('test2.db')
-        gen, _, changes = self.db.whats_changed(local_gen_before_sync)
-        self.assertEqual(1, len(changes))
-        self.assertEqual(doc2.doc_id, changes[0][0])
-        self.assertEqual(1, gen - local_gen_before_sync)
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db2, doc1.doc_id, doc1.rev, tests.simple_doc,
-                          False)
-        self.assertGetDoc(self.db, doc2.doc_id, doc2.rev, tests.nested_doc,
-                          False)
-
-    def test_db_sync_autocreate(self):
-        doc1 = self.db.create_doc_from_json(tests.simple_doc)
-        local_gen_before_sync = self.do_sync('test3.db')
-        gen, _, changes = self.db.whats_changed(local_gen_before_sync)
-        self.assertEqual(0, gen - local_gen_before_sync)
-        db3 = self.request_state.open_database('test3.db')
-        gen, _, changes = db3.whats_changed()
-        self.assertEqual(1, len(changes))
-        self.assertEqual(doc1.doc_id, changes[0][0])
-        self.assertGetDoc(db3, doc1.doc_id, doc1.rev, tests.simple_doc,
-                          False)
-        t_gen, _ = self.db._get_replica_gen_and_trans_id('test3.db')
-        s_gen, _ = db3._get_replica_gen_and_trans_id('test1')
-        self.assertEqual(1, t_gen)
-        self.assertEqual(1, s_gen)
-
-
-class TestRemoteSyncIntegration(tests.TestCaseWithServer):
-    """Integration tests for the most common sync scenario local -> remote"""
-
-    make_app_with_state = staticmethod(make_http_app)
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        super(TestRemoteSyncIntegration, self).setUp()
-        self.startServer()
-        self.db1 = inmemory.InMemoryDatabase('test1')
-        self.db2 = self.request_state._create_database('test2')
-
-    def test_sync_tracks_generations_incrementally(self):
-        doc11 = self.db1.create_doc_from_json('{"a": 1}')
-        doc12 = self.db1.create_doc_from_json('{"a": 2}')
-        doc21 = self.db2.create_doc_from_json('{"b": 1}')
-        doc22 = self.db2.create_doc_from_json('{"b": 2}')
-        #sanity
-        self.assertEqual(2, len(self.db1._get_transaction_log()))
-        self.assertEqual(2, len(self.db2._get_transaction_log()))
-        progress1 = []
-        progress2 = []
-        _do_set_replica_gen_and_trans_id = \
-            self.db1._do_set_replica_gen_and_trans_id
-
-        def set_sync_generation_witness1(other_uid, other_gen, trans_id):
-            progress1.append((other_uid, other_gen,
-                              [d for d, t in
-                                  self.db1._get_transaction_log()[2:]]))
-            _do_set_replica_gen_and_trans_id(other_uid, other_gen, trans_id)
-        self.patch(self.db1, '_do_set_replica_gen_and_trans_id',
-                   set_sync_generation_witness1)
-        _do_set_replica_gen_and_trans_id2 = \
-            self.db2._do_set_replica_gen_and_trans_id
-
-        def set_sync_generation_witness2(other_uid, other_gen, trans_id):
-            progress2.append((other_uid, other_gen,
-                              [d for d, t in
-                                  self.db2._get_transaction_log()[2:]]))
-            _do_set_replica_gen_and_trans_id2(other_uid, other_gen, trans_id)
-        self.patch(self.db2, '_do_set_replica_gen_and_trans_id',
-                   set_sync_generation_witness2)
-
-        db2_url = self.getURL('test2')
-        self.db1.sync(db2_url)
-
-        self.assertEqual([('test2', 1, [doc21.doc_id]),
-                          ('test2', 2, [doc21.doc_id, doc22.doc_id]),
-                          ('test2', 4, [doc21.doc_id, doc22.doc_id])],
-                         progress1)
-        self.assertEqual([('test1', 1, [doc11.doc_id]),
-                          ('test1', 2, [doc11.doc_id, doc12.doc_id]),
-                          ('test1', 4, [doc11.doc_id, doc12.doc_id])],
-                         progress2)
-
-
-load_tests = tests.load_with_scenarios
diff --git a/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/testing-certs/Makefile b/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/testing-certs/Makefile
deleted file mode 100644
index 2385e75b..00000000
--- a/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/testing-certs/Makefile
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-CATOP=./demoCA
-ORIG_CONF=/usr/lib/ssl/openssl.cnf
-ELEVEN_YEARS=-days 4015
-
-init:
-	cp $(ORIG_CONF) ca.conf
-	install -d $(CATOP)
-	install -d $(CATOP)/certs
-	install -d $(CATOP)/crl
-	install -d $(CATOP)/newcerts
-	install -d $(CATOP)/private
-	touch $(CATOP)/index.txt
-	echo 01>$(CATOP)/crlnumber
-	@echo '**** Making CA certificate ...'
-	openssl req -nodes -new \
-	 	-newkey rsa -keyout $(CATOP)/private/cakey.pem \
-		-out $(CATOP)/careq.pem \
-		-multivalue-rdn \
-        -subj "/C=UK/ST=-/O=u1db LOCAL TESTING ONLY, DO NO TRUST/CN=u1db testing CA"
-	openssl ca -config ./ca.conf -create_serial \
-		-out $(CATOP)/cacert.pem $(ELEVEN_YEARS) -batch \
-		-keyfile $(CATOP)/private/cakey.pem -selfsign \
-		-extensions v3_ca -infiles $(CATOP)/careq.pem
-
-pems:
-	cp ./demoCA/cacert.pem .
-	openssl req -new -config ca.conf \
-		-multivalue-rdn \
-	-subj "/O=u1db LOCAL TESTING ONLY, DO NOT TRUST/CN=localhost" \
-		-nodes -keyout testing.key -out newreq.pem $(ELEVEN_YEARS)
-	openssl ca -batch -config ./ca.conf $(ELEVEN_YEARS) \
-		-policy policy_anything \
-		-out testing.cert -infiles newreq.pem
-
-.PHONY: init pems
diff --git a/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/testing-certs/cacert.pem b/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/testing-certs/cacert.pem
deleted file mode 100644
index c019a730..00000000
--- a/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/testing-certs/cacert.pem
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,58 +0,0 @@
-Certificate:
-    Data:
-        Version: 3 (0x2)
-        Serial Number:
-            e4:de:01:76:c4:78:78:7e
-    Signature Algorithm: sha1WithRSAEncryption
-        Issuer: C=UK, ST=-, O=u1db LOCAL TESTING ONLY, DO NO TRUST, CN=u1db testing CA
-        Validity
-            Not Before: May  3 11:11:11 2012 GMT
-            Not After : May  1 11:11:11 2023 GMT
-        Subject: C=UK, ST=-, O=u1db LOCAL TESTING ONLY, DO NO TRUST, CN=u1db testing CA
-        Subject Public Key Info:
-            Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption
-                Public-Key: (1024 bit)
-                Modulus:
-                    00:bc:91:a5:7f:7d:37:f7:06:c7:db:5b:83:6a:6b:
-                    63:c3:8b:5c:f7:84:4d:97:6d:d4:be:bf:e7:79:a8:
-                    c1:03:57:ec:90:d4:20:e7:02:95:d9:a6:49:e3:f9:
-                    9a:ea:37:b9:b2:02:62:ab:40:d3:42:bb:4a:4e:a2:
-                    47:71:0f:1d:a2:c5:94:a1:cf:35:d3:23:32:42:c0:
-                    1e:8d:cb:08:58:fb:8a:5c:3e:ea:eb:d5:2c:ed:d6:
-                    aa:09:b4:b5:7d:e3:45:c9:ae:c2:82:b2:ae:c0:81:
-                    bc:24:06:65:a9:e7:e0:61:ac:25:ee:53:d3:d7:be:
-                    22:f7:00:a2:ad:c6:0e:3a:39
-                Exponent: 65537 (0x10001)
-        X509v3 extensions:
-            X509v3 Subject Key Identifier: 
-                DB:3D:93:51:6C:32:15:54:8F:10:50:FC:49:4F:36:15:28:BB:95:6D
-            X509v3 Authority Key Identifier: 
-                keyid:DB:3D:93:51:6C:32:15:54:8F:10:50:FC:49:4F:36:15:28:BB:95:6D
-
-            X509v3 Basic Constraints: 
-                CA:TRUE
-    Signature Algorithm: sha1WithRSAEncryption
-         72:9b:c1:f7:07:65:83:36:25:4e:01:2f:b7:4a:f2:a4:00:28:
-         80:c7:56:2c:32:39:90:13:61:4b:bb:12:c5:44:9d:42:57:85:
-         28:19:70:69:e1:43:c8:bd:11:f6:94:df:91:2d:c3:ea:82:8d:
-         b4:8f:5d:47:a3:00:99:53:29:93:27:6c:c5:da:c1:20:6f:ab:
-         ec:4a:be:34:f3:8f:02:e5:0c:c0:03:ac:2b:33:41:71:4f:0a:
-         72:5a:b4:26:1a:7f:81:bc:c0:95:8a:06:87:a8:11:9f:5c:73:
-         38:df:5a:69:40:21:29:ad:46:23:56:75:e1:e9:8b:10:18:4c:
-         7b:54
------BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
-MIICkjCCAfugAwIBAgIJAOTeAXbEeHh+MA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBBQUAMGIxCzAJBgNV
-BAYTAlVLMQowCAYDVQQIDAEtMS0wKwYDVQQKDCR1MWRiIExPQ0FMIFRFU1RJTkcg
-T05MWSwgRE8gTk8gVFJVU1QxGDAWBgNVBAMMD3UxZGIgdGVzdGluZyBDQTAeFw0x
-MjA1MDMxMTExMTFaFw0yMzA1MDExMTExMTFaMGIxCzAJBgNVBAYTAlVLMQowCAYD
-VQQIDAEtMS0wKwYDVQQKDCR1MWRiIExPQ0FMIFRFU1RJTkcgT05MWSwgRE8gTk8g
-VFJVU1QxGDAWBgNVBAMMD3UxZGIgdGVzdGluZyBDQTCBnzANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEF
-AAOBjQAwgYkCgYEAvJGlf3039wbH21uDamtjw4tc94RNl23Uvr/neajBA1fskNQg
-5wKV2aZJ4/ma6je5sgJiq0DTQrtKTqJHcQ8dosWUoc810yMyQsAejcsIWPuKXD7q
-69Us7daqCbS1feNFya7CgrKuwIG8JAZlqefgYawl7lPT174i9wCircYOOjkCAwEA
-AaNQME4wHQYDVR0OBBYEFNs9k1FsMhVUjxBQ/ElPNhUou5VtMB8GA1UdIwQYMBaA
-FNs9k1FsMhVUjxBQ/ElPNhUou5VtMAwGA1UdEwQFMAMBAf8wDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEF
-BQADgYEAcpvB9wdlgzYlTgEvt0rypAAogMdWLDI5kBNhS7sSxUSdQleFKBlwaeFD
-yL0R9pTfkS3D6oKNtI9dR6MAmVMpkydsxdrBIG+r7Eq+NPOPAuUMwAOsKzNBcU8K
-clq0Jhp/gbzAlYoGh6gRn1xzON9aaUAhKa1GI1Z14emLEBhMe1Q=
------END CERTIFICATE-----
diff --git a/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/testing-certs/testing.cert b/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/testing-certs/testing.cert
deleted file mode 100644
index 985684fb..00000000
--- a/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/testing-certs/testing.cert
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,61 +0,0 @@
-Certificate:
-    Data:
-        Version: 3 (0x2)
-        Serial Number:
-            e4:de:01:76:c4:78:78:7f
-    Signature Algorithm: sha1WithRSAEncryption
-        Issuer: C=UK, ST=-, O=u1db LOCAL TESTING ONLY, DO NO TRUST, CN=u1db testing CA
-        Validity
-            Not Before: May  3 11:11:14 2012 GMT
-            Not After : May  1 11:11:14 2023 GMT
-        Subject: O=u1db LOCAL TESTING ONLY, DO NOT TRUST, CN=localhost
-        Subject Public Key Info:
-            Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption
-                Public-Key: (1024 bit)
-                Modulus:
-                    00:c6:1d:72:d3:c5:e4:fc:d1:4c:d9:e4:08:3e:90:
-                    10:ce:3f:1f:87:4a:1d:4f:7f:2a:5a:52:c9:65:4f:
-                    d9:2c:bf:69:75:18:1a:b5:c9:09:32:00:47:f5:60:
-                    aa:c6:dd:3a:87:37:5f:16:be:de:29:b5:ea:fc:41:
-                    7e:eb:77:bb:df:63:c3:06:1e:ed:e9:a0:67:1a:f1:
-                    ec:e1:9d:f7:9c:8f:1c:fa:c3:66:7b:39:dc:70:ae:
-                    09:1b:9c:c0:9a:c4:90:77:45:8e:39:95:a9:2f:92:
-                    43:bd:27:07:5a:99:51:6e:76:a0:af:dd:b1:2c:8f:
-                    ca:8b:8c:47:0d:f6:6e:fc:69
-                Exponent: 65537 (0x10001)
-        X509v3 extensions:
-            X509v3 Basic Constraints: 
-                CA:FALSE
-            Netscape Comment: 
-                OpenSSL Generated Certificate
-            X509v3 Subject Key Identifier: 
-                1C:63:85:E1:1D:F3:89:2E:6C:4E:3F:FB:D0:10:64:5A:C1:22:6A:2A
-            X509v3 Authority Key Identifier: 
-                keyid:DB:3D:93:51:6C:32:15:54:8F:10:50:FC:49:4F:36:15:28:BB:95:6D
-
-    Signature Algorithm: sha1WithRSAEncryption
-         1d:6d:3e:bd:93:fd:bd:3e:17:b8:9f:f0:99:7f:db:50:5c:b2:
-         01:42:03:b5:d5:94:05:d3:f6:8e:80:82:55:47:1f:58:f2:18:
-         6c:ab:ef:43:2c:2f:10:e1:7c:c4:5c:cc:ac:50:50:22:42:aa:
-         35:33:f5:b9:f3:a6:66:55:d9:36:f4:f2:e4:d4:d9:b5:2c:52:
-         66:d4:21:17:97:22:b8:9b:d7:0e:7c:3d:ce:85:19:ca:c4:d2:
-         58:62:31:c6:18:3e:44:fc:f4:30:b6:95:87:ee:21:4a:08:f0:
-         af:3c:8f:c4:ba:5e:a1:5c:37:1a:7d:7b:fe:66:ae:62:50:17:
-         31:ca
------BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
-MIICnzCCAgigAwIBAgIJAOTeAXbEeHh/MA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBBQUAMGIxCzAJBgNV
-BAYTAlVLMQowCAYDVQQIDAEtMS0wKwYDVQQKDCR1MWRiIExPQ0FMIFRFU1RJTkcg
-T05MWSwgRE8gTk8gVFJVU1QxGDAWBgNVBAMMD3UxZGIgdGVzdGluZyBDQTAeFw0x
-MjA1MDMxMTExMTRaFw0yMzA1MDExMTExMTRaMEQxLjAsBgNVBAoMJXUxZGIgTE9D
-QUwgVEVTVElORyBPTkxZLCBETyBOT1QgVFJVU1QxEjAQBgNVBAMMCWxvY2FsaG9z
-dDCBnzANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOBjQAwgYkCgYEAxh1y08Xk/NFM2eQIPpAQzj8f
-h0odT38qWlLJZU/ZLL9pdRgatckJMgBH9WCqxt06hzdfFr7eKbXq/EF+63e732PD
-Bh7t6aBnGvHs4Z33nI8c+sNmeznccK4JG5zAmsSQd0WOOZWpL5JDvScHWplRbnag
-r92xLI/Ki4xHDfZu/GkCAwEAAaN7MHkwCQYDVR0TBAIwADAsBglghkgBhvhCAQ0E
-HxYdT3BlblNTTCBHZW5lcmF0ZWQgQ2VydGlmaWNhdGUwHQYDVR0OBBYEFBxjheEd
-84kubE4/+9AQZFrBImoqMB8GA1UdIwQYMBaAFNs9k1FsMhVUjxBQ/ElPNhUou5Vt
-MA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBBQUAA4GBAB1tPr2T/b0+F7if8Jl/21BcsgFCA7XVlAXT9o6A
-glVHH1jyGGyr70MsLxDhfMRczKxQUCJCqjUz9bnzpmZV2Tb08uTU2bUsUmbUIReX
-Irib1w58Pc6FGcrE0lhiMcYYPkT89DC2lYfuIUoI8K88j8S6XqFcNxp9e/5mrmJQ
-FzHK
------END CERTIFICATE-----
diff --git a/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/testing-certs/testing.key b/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/testing-certs/testing.key
deleted file mode 100644
index d83d4920..00000000
--- a/src/leap/soledad/tests/u1db_tests/testing-certs/testing.key
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
------BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----
-MIICdgIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAASCAmAwggJcAgEAAoGBAMYdctPF5PzRTNnk
-CD6QEM4/H4dKHU9/KlpSyWVP2Sy/aXUYGrXJCTIAR/VgqsbdOoc3Xxa+3im16vxB
-fut3u99jwwYe7emgZxrx7OGd95yPHPrDZns53HCuCRucwJrEkHdFjjmVqS+SQ70n
-B1qZUW52oK/dsSyPyouMRw32bvxpAgMBAAECgYBs3lXxhjg1rhabTjIxnx19GTcM
-M3Az9V+izweZQu3HJ1CeZiaXauhAr+LbNsniCkRVddotN6oCJdQB10QVxXBZc9Jz
-HPJ4zxtZfRZlNMTMmG7eLWrfxpgWnb/BUjDb40yy1nhr9yhDUnI/8RoHDRHnAEHZ
-/CnHGUrqcVcrY5zJAQJBAPLhBJg9W88JVmcOKdWxRgs7dLHnZb999Kv1V5mczmAi
-jvGvbUmucqOqke6pTUHNYyNHqU6pySzGUi2cH+BAkFECQQDQ0VoAOysg6FVoT15v
-tGh57t5sTiCZZ7PS8jwvtThsgA+vcf6c16XWzXgjGXSap4r2QDOY2rI5lsWLaQ8T
-+fyZAkAfyFJRmbXp4c7srW3MCOahkaYzoZQu+syJtBFCiMJ40gzik5I5khpuUGPI
-V19EvRu8AiSlppIsycb3MPb64XgBAkEAy7DrUf5le5wmc7G4NM6OeyJ+5LbxJbL6
-vnJ8My1a9LuWkVVpQCU7J+UVo2dZTuLPspW9vwTVhUeFOxAoHRxlQQJAFem93f7m
-el2BkB2EFqU3onPejkZ5UrDmfmeOQR1axMQNSXqSxcJxqa16Ru1BWV2gcWRbwajQ
-oc+kuJThu/r/Ug==
------END PRIVATE KEY-----