git subrepo clone https://leap.se/git/puppet_stdlib puppet/modules/stdlib

subrepo:
  subdir:   "puppet/modules/stdlib"
  merged:   "7112363"
upstream:
  origin:   "https://leap.se/git/puppet_stdlib"
  branch:   "master"
  commit:   "7112363"
git-subrepo:
  version:  "0.3.0"
  origin:   "https://github.com/ingydotnet/git-subrepo"
  commit:   "1e79595"

Change-Id: I032e3e7c2984bf53b717373df495c039bb6f41b3

97 files changed, 4146 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/abs_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/abs_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..3c25ce28
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/abs_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the abs function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("abs")).to eq("function_abs")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_abs([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should convert a negative number into a positive" do
+    result = scope.function_abs(["-34"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(34))
+  end
+
+  it "should do nothing with a positive number" do
+    result = scope.function_abs(["5678"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(5678))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/any2array_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/any2array_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..87cd04b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/any2array_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the any2array function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("any2array")).to eq("function_any2array")
+  end
+
+  it "should return an empty array if there is less than 1 argument" do
+    result = scope.function_any2array([])
+    expect(result).to(eq([]))
+  end
+
+  it "should convert boolean true to [ true ] " do
+    result = scope.function_any2array([true])
+    expect(result).to(eq([true]))
+  end
+
+  it "should convert one object to [object]" do
+    result = scope.function_any2array(['one'])
+    expect(result).to(eq(['one']))
+  end
+
+  it "should convert multiple objects to [objects]" do
+    result = scope.function_any2array(['one', 'two'])
+    expect(result).to(eq(['one', 'two']))
+  end
+
+  it "should return empty array it was called with" do
+    result = scope.function_any2array([[]])
+    expect(result).to(eq([]))
+  end
+
+  it "should return one-member array it was called with" do
+    result = scope.function_any2array([['string']])
+    expect(result).to(eq(['string']))
+  end
+
+  it "should return multi-member array it was called with" do
+    result = scope.function_any2array([['one', 'two']])
+    expect(result).to(eq(['one', 'two']))
+  end
+
+  it "should return members of a hash it was called with" do
+    result = scope.function_any2array([{ 'key' => 'value' }])
+    expect(result).to(eq(['key', 'value']))
+  end
+
+  it "should return an empty array if it was called with an empty hash" do
+    result = scope.function_any2array([{ }])
+    expect(result).to(eq([]))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/base64_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/base64_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..e93fafcd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/base64_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the base64 function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("base64")).to eq("function_base64")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there are other than 2 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_base64([]) }.to(raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+    expect { scope.function_base64(["asdf"]) }.to(raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+    expect { scope.function_base64(["asdf","moo","cow"]) }.to(raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if argument 1 isn't 'encode' or 'decode'" do
+    expect { scope.function_base64(["bees","astring"]) }.to(raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /first argument must be one of/))
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if argument 2 isn't a string" do
+    expect { scope.function_base64(["encode",["2"]]) }.to(raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /second argument must be a string/))
+  end
+
+  it "should encode a encoded string" do
+    result = scope.function_base64(["encode",'thestring'])
+    expect(result).to match(/\AdGhlc3RyaW5n\n\Z/)
+  end
+  it "should decode a base64 encoded string" do
+    result = scope.function_base64(["decode",'dGhlc3RyaW5n'])
+    expect(result).to eq('thestring')
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/bool2num_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/bool2num_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..3904d7e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/bool2num_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the bool2num function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("bool2num")).to eq("function_bool2num")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_bool2num([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should convert true to 1" do
+    result = scope.function_bool2num([true])
+    expect(result).to(eq(1))
+  end
+
+  it "should convert 'true' to 1" do
+    result = scope.function_bool2num(['true'])
+    result.should(eq(1))
+  end
+
+  it "should convert 'false' to 0" do
+    result = scope.function_bool2num(['false'])
+    expect(result).to(eq(0))
+  end
+
+  it "should accept objects which extend String" do
+    class AlsoString < String
+    end
+
+    value = AlsoString.new('true')
+    result = scope.function_bool2num([value])
+    result.should(eq(1))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/capitalize_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/capitalize_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..fd0e92ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/capitalize_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the capitalize function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("capitalize")).to eq("function_capitalize")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_capitalize([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should capitalize the beginning of a string" do
+    result = scope.function_capitalize(["abc"])
+    expect(result).to(eq("Abc"))
+  end
+
+  it "should accept objects which extend String" do
+    class AlsoString < String
+    end
+
+    value = AlsoString.new('abc')
+    result = scope.function_capitalize([value])
+    result.should(eq('Abc'))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/chomp_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/chomp_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..b1e1e60f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/chomp_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the chomp function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("chomp")).to eq("function_chomp")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_chomp([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should chomp the end of a string" do
+    result = scope.function_chomp(["abc\n"])
+    expect(result).to(eq("abc"))
+  end
+
+  it "should accept objects which extend String" do
+    class AlsoString < String
+    end
+
+    value = AlsoString.new("abc\n")
+    result = scope.function_chomp([value])
+    result.should(eq("abc"))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/chop_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/chop_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..c8a19519
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/chop_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the chop function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("chop")).to eq("function_chop")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_chop([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should chop the end of a string" do
+    result = scope.function_chop(["asdf\n"])
+    expect(result).to(eq("asdf"))
+  end
+
+  it "should accept objects which extend String" do
+    class AlsoString < String
+    end
+
+    value = AlsoString.new("abc\n")
+    result = scope.function_chop([value])
+    result.should(eq('abc'))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/concat_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/concat_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..49fa6bb3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/concat_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the concat function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if the client does not provide at least two arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_concat([]) }.to(raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+    expect { scope.function_concat([[1]]) }.to(raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if the first parameter is not an array" do
+    expect { scope.function_concat([1, []])}.to(raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should not raise a ParseError if the client provides more than two arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_concat([[1],[2],[3]]) }.not_to raise_error
+  end
+
+  it "should be able to concat an array" do
+    result = scope.function_concat([['1','2','3'],['4','5','6']])
+    expect(result).to(eq(['1','2','3','4','5','6']))
+  end
+
+  it "should be able to concat a primitive to an array" do
+    result = scope.function_concat([['1','2','3'],'4'])
+    expect(result).to(eq(['1','2','3','4']))
+  end
+
+  it "should not accidentally flatten nested arrays" do
+    result = scope.function_concat([['1','2','3'],[['4','5'],'6']])
+    expect(result).to(eq(['1','2','3',['4','5'],'6']))
+  end
+
+  it "should leave the original array intact" do
+    array_original = ['1','2','3']
+    result = scope.function_concat([array_original,['4','5','6']])
+    array_original.should(eq(['1','2','3']))
+  end
+
+  it "should be able to concat multiple arrays" do
+    result = scope.function_concat([['1','2','3'],['4','5','6'],['7','8','9']])
+    expect(result).to(eq(['1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9']))
+  end
+
+  it "should be able to concat mix of primitives and arrays to a final array" do
+    result = scope.function_concat([['1','2','3'],'4',['5','6','7']])
+    expect(result).to(eq(['1','2','3','4','5','6','7']))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/count_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/count_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..f8f1d484
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/count_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the count function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("count")).to eq("function_count")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ArgumentError if there is more than 2 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_count(['foo', 'bar', 'baz']) }.to( raise_error(ArgumentError))
+  end
+
+  it "should be able to count arrays" do
+    expect(scope.function_count([["1","2","3"]])).to(eq(3))
+  end
+
+  it "should be able to count matching elements in arrays" do
+    expect(scope.function_count([["1", "2", "2"], "2"])).to(eq(2))
+  end
+
+  it "should not count nil or empty strings" do
+    expect(scope.function_count([["foo","bar",nil,""]])).to(eq(2))
+  end
+
+  it 'does not count an undefined hash key or an out of bound array index (which are both :undef)' do
+    expect(scope.function_count([["foo",:undef,:undef]])).to eq(1)
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/deep_merge_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/deep_merge_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..7087904a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/deep_merge_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe Puppet::Parser::Functions.function(:deep_merge) do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  describe 'when calling deep_merge from puppet' do
+    it "should not compile when no arguments are passed" do
+      skip("Fails on 2.6.x, see bug #15912") if Puppet.version =~ /^2\.6\./
+      Puppet[:code] = '$x = deep_merge()'
+      expect {
+        scope.compiler.compile
+      }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /wrong number of arguments/)
+    end
+
+    it "should not compile when 1 argument is passed" do
+      skip("Fails on 2.6.x, see bug #15912") if Puppet.version =~ /^2\.6\./
+      Puppet[:code] = "$my_hash={'one' => 1}\n$x = deep_merge($my_hash)"
+      expect {
+        scope.compiler.compile
+      }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /wrong number of arguments/)
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe 'when calling deep_merge on the scope instance' do
+    it 'should require all parameters are hashes' do
+      expect { new_hash = scope.function_deep_merge([{}, '2'])}.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /unexpected argument type String/)
+      expect { new_hash = scope.function_deep_merge([{}, 2])}.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /unexpected argument type Fixnum/)
+    end
+
+    it 'should accept empty strings as puppet undef' do
+      expect { new_hash = scope.function_deep_merge([{}, ''])}.not_to raise_error
+    end
+
+    it 'should be able to deep_merge two hashes' do
+      new_hash = scope.function_deep_merge([{'one' => '1', 'two' => '1'}, {'two' => '2', 'three' => '2'}])
+      expect(new_hash['one']).to   eq('1')
+      expect(new_hash['two']).to   eq('2')
+      expect(new_hash['three']).to eq('2')
+    end
+
+    it 'should deep_merge multiple hashes' do
+      hash = scope.function_deep_merge([{'one' => 1}, {'one' => '2'}, {'one' => '3'}])
+      expect(hash['one']).to eq('3')
+    end
+
+    it 'should accept empty hashes' do
+      expect(scope.function_deep_merge([{},{},{}])).to eq({})
+    end
+
+    it 'should deep_merge subhashes' do
+      hash = scope.function_deep_merge([{'one' => 1}, {'two' => 2, 'three' => { 'four' => 4 } }])
+      expect(hash['one']).to eq(1)
+      expect(hash['two']).to eq(2)
+      expect(hash['three']).to eq({ 'four' => 4 })
+    end
+
+    it 'should append to subhashes' do
+      hash = scope.function_deep_merge([{'one' => { 'two' => 2 } }, { 'one' => { 'three' => 3 } }])
+      expect(hash['one']).to eq({ 'two' => 2, 'three' => 3 })
+    end
+
+    it 'should append to subhashes 2' do
+      hash = scope.function_deep_merge([{'one' => 1, 'two' => 2, 'three' => { 'four' => 4 } }, {'two' => 'dos', 'three' => { 'five' => 5 } }])
+      expect(hash['one']).to eq(1)
+      expect(hash['two']).to eq('dos')
+      expect(hash['three']).to eq({ 'four' => 4, 'five' => 5 })
+    end
+
+    it 'should append to subhashes 3' do
+      hash = scope.function_deep_merge([{ 'key1' => { 'a' => 1, 'b' => 2 }, 'key2' => { 'c' => 3 } }, { 'key1' => { 'b' => 99 } }])
+      expect(hash['key1']).to eq({ 'a' => 1, 'b' => 99 })
+      expect(hash['key2']).to eq({ 'c' => 3 })
+    end
+
+    it 'should not change the original hashes' do
+      hash1 = {'one' => { 'two' => 2 } }
+      hash2 = { 'one' => { 'three' => 3 } }
+      hash = scope.function_deep_merge([hash1, hash2])
+      expect(hash1).to eq({'one' => { 'two' => 2 } })
+      expect(hash2).to eq({ 'one' => { 'three' => 3 } })
+      expect(hash['one']).to eq({ 'two' => 2, 'three' => 3 })
+    end
+
+    it 'should not change the original hashes 2' do
+      hash1 = {'one' => { 'two' => [1,2] } }
+      hash2 = { 'one' => { 'three' => 3 } }
+      hash = scope.function_deep_merge([hash1, hash2])
+      expect(hash1).to eq({'one' => { 'two' => [1,2] } })
+      expect(hash2).to eq({ 'one' => { 'three' => 3 } })
+      expect(hash['one']).to eq({ 'two' => [1,2], 'three' => 3 })
+    end
+
+    it 'should not change the original hashes 3' do
+      hash1 = {'one' => { 'two' => [1,2, {'two' => 2} ] } }
+      hash2 = { 'one' => { 'three' => 3 } }
+      hash = scope.function_deep_merge([hash1, hash2])
+      expect(hash1).to eq({'one' => { 'two' => [1,2, {'two' => 2}] } })
+      expect(hash2).to eq({ 'one' => { 'three' => 3 } })
+      expect(hash['one']).to eq({ 'two' => [1,2, {'two' => 2} ], 'three' => 3 })
+      expect(hash['one']['two']).to eq([1,2, {'two' => 2}])
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/defined_with_params_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/defined_with_params_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..35903047
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/defined_with_params_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+require 'rspec-puppet'
+describe 'defined_with_params' do
+  describe 'when a resource is not specified' do
+    it { is_expected.to run.with_params().and_raise_error(ArgumentError) }
+  end
+  describe 'when compared against a resource with no attributes' do
+    let :pre_condition do
+      'user { "dan": }'
+    end
+    it do
+      is_expected.to run.with_params('User[dan]', {}).and_return(true)
+      is_expected.to run.with_params('User[bob]', {}).and_return(false)
+      is_expected.to run.with_params('User[dan]', {'foo' => 'bar'}).and_return(false)
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe 'when compared against a resource with attributes' do
+    let :pre_condition do
+      'user { "dan": ensure => present, shell => "/bin/csh", managehome => false}'
+    end
+    it do
+      is_expected.to run.with_params('User[dan]', {}).and_return(true)
+      is_expected.to run.with_params('User[dan]', '').and_return(true)
+      is_expected.to run.with_params('User[dan]', {'ensure' => 'present'}
+                            ).and_return(true)
+      is_expected.to run.with_params('User[dan]',
+                             {'ensure' => 'present', 'managehome' => false}
+                            ).and_return(true)
+      is_expected.to run.with_params('User[dan]',
+                             {'ensure' => 'absent', 'managehome' => false}
+                            ).and_return(false)
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/delete_at_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/delete_at_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..7c20aec4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/delete_at_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the delete_at function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("delete_at")).to eq("function_delete_at")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_delete_at([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should delete an item at specified location from an array" do
+    result = scope.function_delete_at([['a','b','c'],1])
+    expect(result).to(eq(['a','c']))
+  end
+
+  it "should not change origin array passed as argument" do
+    origin_array = ['a','b','c','d']
+    result = scope.function_delete_at([origin_array, 1])
+    expect(origin_array).to(eq(['a','b','c','d']))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/delete_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/delete_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..c8edd78e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/delete_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the delete function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("delete")).to eq("function_delete")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there are fewer than 2 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_delete([]) }.to(raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there are greater than 2 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_delete([[], 'foo', 'bar']) }.to(raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a TypeError if a number is passed as the first argument" do
+    expect { scope.function_delete([1, 'bar']) }.to(raise_error(TypeError))
+  end
+
+  it "should delete all instances of an element from an array" do
+    result = scope.function_delete([['a', 'b', 'c', 'b'], 'b'])
+    expect(result).to(eq(['a', 'c']))
+  end
+
+  it "should delete all instances of a substring from a string" do
+    result = scope.function_delete(['foobarbabarz', 'bar'])
+    expect(result).to(eq('foobaz'))
+  end
+
+  it "should delete a key from a hash" do
+    result = scope.function_delete([{'a' => 1, 'b' => 2, 'c' => 3}, 'b'])
+    expect(result).to(eq({'a' => 1, 'c' => 3}))
+  end
+
+  it 'should accept an array of items to delete' do
+    result = scope.function_delete([{'a' => 1, 'b' => 2, 'c' => 3}, ['b', 'c']])
+    expect(result).to(eq({'a' => 1}))
+  end
+
+  it "should not change origin array passed as argument" do
+    origin_array = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+    result = scope.function_delete([origin_array, 'b'])
+    expect(origin_array).to(eq(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']))
+  end
+
+  it "should not change the origin string passed as argument" do
+    origin_string = 'foobarbabarz'
+    result = scope.function_delete([origin_string, 'bar'])
+    expect(origin_string).to(eq('foobarbabarz'))
+  end
+
+  it "should not change origin hash passed as argument" do
+    origin_hash = {'a' => 1, 'b' => 2, 'c' => 3}
+    result = scope.function_delete([origin_hash, 'b'])
+    expect(origin_hash).to(eq({'a' => 1, 'b' => 2, 'c' => 3}))
+  end
+
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/delete_undef_values_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/delete_undef_values_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..dc679535
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/delete_undef_values_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the delete_undef_values function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("delete_undef_values")).to eq("function_delete_undef_values")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 argument" do
+    expect { scope.function_delete_undef_values([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if the argument is not Array nor Hash" do
+    expect { scope.function_delete_undef_values(['']) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+    expect { scope.function_delete_undef_values([nil]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should delete all undef items from Array and only these" do
+    result = scope.function_delete_undef_values([['a',:undef,'c','undef']])
+    expect(result).to(eq(['a','c','undef']))
+  end
+
+  it "should delete all undef items from Hash and only these" do
+    result = scope.function_delete_undef_values([{'a'=>'A','b'=>:undef,'c'=>'C','d'=>'undef'}])
+    expect(result).to(eq({'a'=>'A','c'=>'C','d'=>'undef'}))
+  end
+
+  it "should not change origin array passed as argument" do
+    origin_array = ['a',:undef,'c','undef']
+    result = scope.function_delete_undef_values([origin_array])
+    expect(origin_array).to(eq(['a',:undef,'c','undef']))
+  end
+
+  it "should not change origin hash passed as argument" do
+    origin_hash = { 'a' => 1, 'b' => :undef, 'c' => 'undef' }
+    result = scope.function_delete_undef_values([origin_hash])
+    expect(origin_hash).to(eq({ 'a' => 1, 'b' => :undef, 'c' => 'undef' }))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/delete_values_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/delete_values_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..4f4d411b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/delete_values_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the delete_values function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("delete_values")).to eq("function_delete_values")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there are fewer than 2 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_delete_values([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there are greater than 2 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_delete_values([[], 'foo', 'bar']) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a TypeError if the argument is not a hash" do
+    expect { scope.function_delete_values([1,'bar']) }.to( raise_error(TypeError))
+    expect { scope.function_delete_values(['foo','bar']) }.to( raise_error(TypeError))
+    expect { scope.function_delete_values([[],'bar']) }.to( raise_error(TypeError))
+  end
+
+  it "should delete all instances of a value from a hash" do
+    result = scope.function_delete_values([{ 'a'=>'A', 'b'=>'B', 'B'=>'C', 'd'=>'B' },'B'])
+    expect(result).to(eq({ 'a'=>'A', 'B'=>'C' }))
+  end
+
+  it "should not change origin hash passed as argument" do
+    origin_hash = { 'a' => 1, 'b' => 2, 'c' => 3 }
+    result = scope.function_delete_values([origin_hash, 2])
+    expect(origin_hash).to(eq({ 'a' => 1, 'b' => 2, 'c' => 3 }))
+  end
+
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/difference_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/difference_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..24b2b1bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/difference_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the difference function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("difference")).to eq("function_difference")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there are fewer than 2 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_difference([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError) )
+  end
+
+  it "should return the difference between two arrays" do
+    result = scope.function_difference([["a","b","c"],["b","c","d"]])
+    expect(result).to(eq(["a"]))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/dirname_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/dirname_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..8a3bcabf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/dirname_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the dirname function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("dirname")).to eq("function_dirname")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_dirname([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should return dirname for an absolute path" do
+    result = scope.function_dirname(['/path/to/a/file.ext'])
+    expect(result).to(eq('/path/to/a'))
+  end
+
+  it "should return dirname for a relative path" do
+    result = scope.function_dirname(['path/to/a/file.ext'])
+    expect(result).to(eq('path/to/a'))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/downcase_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/downcase_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..edebc44f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/downcase_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the downcase function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("downcase")).to eq("function_downcase")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_downcase([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should downcase a string" do
+    result = scope.function_downcase(["ASFD"])
+    expect(result).to(eq("asfd"))
+  end
+
+  it "should do nothing to a string that is already downcase" do
+    result = scope.function_downcase(["asdf asdf"])
+    expect(result).to(eq("asdf asdf"))
+  end
+
+  it "should accept objects which extend String" do
+    class AlsoString < String
+    end
+
+    value = AlsoString.new("ASFD")
+    result = scope.function_downcase([value])
+    result.should(eq('asfd'))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/empty_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/empty_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..6a97c4cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/empty_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the empty function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("empty")).to eq("function_empty")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_empty([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should return a true for an empty string" do
+    result = scope.function_empty([''])
+    expect(result).to(eq(true))
+  end
+
+  it "should return a false for a non-empty string" do
+    result = scope.function_empty(['asdf'])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+
+  it "should accept objects which extend String" do
+    class AlsoString < String
+    end
+
+    value = AlsoString.new()
+    result = scope.function_empty([value])
+    result.should(eq(true))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/ensure_packages_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/ensure_packages_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..436be10b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/ensure_packages_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby
+
+require 'spec_helper'
+require 'rspec-puppet'
+require 'puppet_spec/compiler'
+
+describe 'ensure_packages' do
+  include PuppetSpec::Compiler
+
+  before :each do
+    Puppet::Parser::Functions.autoloader.loadall
+    Puppet::Parser::Functions.function(:ensure_packages)
+    Puppet::Parser::Functions.function(:ensure_resource)
+    Puppet::Parser::Functions.function(:defined_with_params)
+    Puppet::Parser::Functions.function(:create_resources)
+  end
+
+  let :node     do Puppet::Node.new('localhost') end
+  let :compiler do Puppet::Parser::Compiler.new(node) end
+  let :scope    do
+    if Puppet.version.to_f >= 3.0
+      Puppet::Parser::Scope.new(compiler)
+    else
+      newscope = Puppet::Parser::Scope.new
+      newscope.compiler = compiler
+      newscope.source   = Puppet::Resource::Type.new(:node, :localhost)
+      newscope
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe 'argument handling' do
+    it 'fails with no arguments' do
+      expect {
+        scope.function_ensure_packages([])
+      }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /0 for 1 or 2/)
+    end
+
+    it 'accepts an array of values' do
+      scope.function_ensure_packages([['foo']])
+    end
+
+    it 'accepts a single package name as a string' do
+      scope.function_ensure_packages(['foo'])
+    end
+  end
+
+  context 'given a catalog with puppet package => absent' do
+    let :catalog do
+      compile_to_catalog(<<-EOS
+        ensure_packages(['facter'])
+        package { puppet: ensure => absent }
+      EOS
+      )
+    end
+
+    it 'has no effect on Package[puppet]' do
+      expect(catalog.resource(:package, 'puppet')['ensure']).to eq('absent')
+    end
+  end
+
+  context 'given a clean catalog' do
+    let :catalog do
+      compile_to_catalog('ensure_packages(["facter"])')
+    end
+
+    it 'declares package resources with ensure => present' do
+      expect(catalog.resource(:package, 'facter')['ensure']).to eq('present')
+    end
+  end
+
+  context 'given a clean catalog and specified defaults' do
+    let :catalog do
+      compile_to_catalog('ensure_packages(["facter"], {"provider" => "gem"})')
+    end
+
+    it 'declares package resources with ensure => present' do
+      expect(catalog.resource(:package, 'facter')['ensure']).to eq('present')
+      expect(catalog.resource(:package, 'facter')['provider']).to eq('gem')
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/ensure_resource_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/ensure_resource_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..33bcac0d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/ensure_resource_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+require 'rspec-puppet'
+require 'puppet_spec/compiler'
+
+describe 'ensure_resource' do
+  include PuppetSpec::Compiler
+
+  before :all do
+    Puppet::Parser::Functions.autoloader.loadall
+    Puppet::Parser::Functions.function(:ensure_packages)
+  end
+
+  let :node     do Puppet::Node.new('localhost') end
+  let :compiler do Puppet::Parser::Compiler.new(node) end
+  let :scope    do Puppet::Parser::Scope.new(compiler) end
+
+  describe 'when a type or title is not specified' do
+    it { expect { scope.function_ensure_resource([]) }.to raise_error }
+    it { expect { scope.function_ensure_resource(['type']) }.to raise_error }
+  end
+
+  describe 'when compared against a resource with no attributes' do
+    let :catalog do
+      compile_to_catalog(<<-EOS
+        user { "dan": }
+        ensure_resource('user', 'dan', {})
+      EOS
+      )
+    end
+
+    it 'should contain the the ensured resources' do
+      expect(catalog.resource(:user, 'dan').to_s).to eq('User[dan]')
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe 'works when compared against a resource with non-conflicting attributes' do
+    [
+      "ensure_resource('User', 'dan', {})",
+      "ensure_resource('User', 'dan', '')",
+      "ensure_resource('User', 'dan', {'ensure' => 'present'})",
+      "ensure_resource('User', 'dan', {'ensure' => 'present', 'managehome' => false})"
+    ].each do |ensure_resource|
+      pp = <<-EOS
+        user { "dan": ensure => present, shell => "/bin/csh", managehome => false}
+        #{ensure_resource}
+      EOS
+
+      it { expect { compile_to_catalog(pp) }.to_not raise_error }
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe 'fails when compared against a resource with conflicting attributes' do
+    pp = <<-EOS
+      user { "dan": ensure => present, shell => "/bin/csh", managehome => false}
+      ensure_resource('User', 'dan', {'ensure' => 'absent', 'managehome' => false})
+    EOS
+
+    it { expect { compile_to_catalog(pp) }.to raise_error }
+  end
+
+  describe 'when an array of new resources are passed in' do
+    let :catalog do
+      compile_to_catalog("ensure_resource('User', ['dan', 'alex'], {})")
+    end
+
+    it 'should contain the ensured resources' do
+      expect(catalog.resource('User[dan]').to_s).to eq('User[dan]')
+      expect(catalog.resource('User[alex]').to_s).to eq('User[alex]')
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe 'when an array of existing resources is compared against existing resources' do
+    pp = <<-EOS
+      user { 'dan': ensure => present; 'alex': ensure => present }
+      ensure_resource('User', ['dan', 'alex'], {})
+    EOS
+
+    let :catalog do
+      compile_to_catalog(pp)
+    end
+
+    it 'should return the existing resources' do
+      expect(catalog.resource('User[dan]').to_s).to eq('User[dan]')
+      expect(catalog.resource('User[alex]').to_s).to eq('User[alex]')
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe 'works when compared against existing resources with attributes' do
+    [
+      "ensure_resource('User', ['dan', 'alex'], {})",
+      "ensure_resource('User', ['dan', 'alex'], '')",
+      "ensure_resource('User', ['dan', 'alex'], {'ensure' => 'present'})",
+    ].each do |ensure_resource|
+      pp = <<-EOS
+        user { 'dan': ensure => present; 'alex': ensure => present }
+        #{ensure_resource}
+      EOS
+
+      it { expect { compile_to_catalog(pp) }.to_not raise_error }
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe 'fails when compared against existing resources with conflicting attributes' do
+    pp = <<-EOS
+      user { 'dan': ensure => present; 'alex': ensure => present }
+      ensure_resource('User', ['dan', 'alex'], {'ensure' => 'absent'})
+    EOS
+
+    it { expect { compile_to_catalog(pp) }.to raise_error }
+  end
+
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/flatten_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/flatten_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..de8c66d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/flatten_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the flatten function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("flatten")).to eq("function_flatten")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_flatten([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is more than 1 argument" do
+    expect { scope.function_flatten([[], []]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should flatten a complex data structure" do
+    result = scope.function_flatten([["a","b",["c",["d","e"],"f","g"]]])
+    expect(result).to(eq(["a","b","c","d","e","f","g"]))
+  end
+
+  it "should do nothing to a structure that is already flat" do
+    result = scope.function_flatten([["a","b","c","d"]])
+    expect(result).to(eq(["a","b","c","d"]))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/floor_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/floor_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..12a69179
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/floor_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the floor function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("floor")).to eq("function_floor")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 argument" do
+    expect { scope.function_floor([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /Wrong number of arguments/))
+  end
+
+  it "should should raise a ParseError if input isn't numeric (eg. String)" do
+    expect { scope.function_floor(["foo"]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /Wrong argument type/))
+  end
+
+  it "should should raise a ParseError if input isn't numeric (eg. Boolean)" do
+    expect { scope.function_floor([true]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /Wrong argument type/))
+  end
+
+  it "should return an integer when a numeric type is passed" do
+    result = scope.function_floor([12.4])
+    expect(result.is_a?(Integer)).to(eq(true))
+  end
+
+  it "should return the input when an integer is passed" do
+    result = scope.function_floor([7])
+    expect(result).to(eq(7))
+  end
+
+  it "should return the largest integer less than or equal to the input" do
+    result = scope.function_floor([3.8])
+    expect(result).to(eq(3))
+  end
+end
+
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/fqdn_rotate_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/fqdn_rotate_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..40057d4f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/fqdn_rotate_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the fqdn_rotate function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("fqdn_rotate")).to eq("function_fqdn_rotate")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_fqdn_rotate([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should rotate a string and the result should be the same size" do
+    scope.expects(:lookupvar).with("::fqdn").returns("127.0.0.1")
+    result = scope.function_fqdn_rotate(["asdf"])
+    expect(result.size).to(eq(4))
+  end
+
+  it "should rotate a string to give the same results for one host" do
+    scope.expects(:lookupvar).with("::fqdn").returns("127.0.0.1").twice
+    expect(scope.function_fqdn_rotate(["abcdefg"])).to eql(scope.function_fqdn_rotate(["abcdefg"]))
+  end
+
+  it "should rotate a string to give different values on different hosts" do
+     scope.expects(:lookupvar).with("::fqdn").returns("127.0.0.1")
+     val1 = scope.function_fqdn_rotate(["abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz01234567890987654321"])
+     scope.expects(:lookupvar).with("::fqdn").returns("127.0.0.2")
+     val2 = scope.function_fqdn_rotate(["abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz01234567890987654321"])
+     expect(val1).not_to eql(val2)
+  end
+
+  it "should accept objects which extend String" do
+    class AlsoString < String
+    end
+
+    scope.expects(:lookupvar).with("::fqdn").returns("127.0.0.1")
+    value = AlsoString.new("asdf")
+    result = scope.function_fqdn_rotate([value])
+    result.size.should(eq(4))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/get_module_path_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/get_module_path_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..38ce6459
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/get_module_path_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe Puppet::Parser::Functions.function(:get_module_path) do
+  Internals = PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals
+  class StubModule
+    attr_reader :path
+    def initialize(path)
+      @path = path
+    end
+  end
+
+  def scope(environment = "production")
+    Internals.scope(:compiler => Internals.compiler(:node => Internals.node(:environment => environment)))
+  end
+
+  it 'should only allow one argument' do
+    expect { scope.function_get_module_path([]) }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /Wrong number of arguments, expects one/)
+    expect { scope.function_get_module_path(['1','2','3']) }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /Wrong number of arguments, expects one/)
+  end
+  it 'should raise an exception when the module cannot be found' do
+    expect { scope.function_get_module_path(['foo']) }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /Could not find module/)
+  end
+  describe 'when locating a module' do
+    let(:modulepath) { "/tmp/does_not_exist" }
+    let(:path_of_module_foo) { StubModule.new("/tmp/does_not_exist/foo") }
+
+    before(:each) { Puppet[:modulepath] = modulepath }
+
+    it 'should be able to find module paths from the modulepath setting' do
+      Puppet::Module.expects(:find).with('foo', 'production').returns(path_of_module_foo)
+      expect(scope.function_get_module_path(['foo'])).to eq(path_of_module_foo.path)
+    end
+    it 'should be able to find module paths when the modulepath is a list' do
+      Puppet[:modulepath] = modulepath + ":/tmp"
+      Puppet::Module.expects(:find).with('foo', 'production').returns(path_of_module_foo)
+      expect(scope.function_get_module_path(['foo'])).to eq(path_of_module_foo.path)
+    end
+    it 'should respect the environment' do
+      skip("Disabled on Puppet 2.6.x") if Puppet.version =~ /^2\.6\b/
+      Puppet.settings[:environment] = 'danstestenv'
+      Puppet::Module.expects(:find).with('foo', 'danstestenv').returns(path_of_module_foo)
+      expect(scope('danstestenv').function_get_module_path(['foo'])).to eq(path_of_module_foo.path)
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/getparam_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/getparam_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..833c4d4f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/getparam_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+require 'rspec-puppet'
+require 'puppet_spec/compiler'
+
+describe 'getparam' do
+  include PuppetSpec::Compiler
+
+  before :each do
+    Puppet::Parser::Functions.autoloader.loadall
+    Puppet::Parser::Functions.function(:getparam)
+  end
+
+  let :node     do Puppet::Node.new('localhost') end
+  let :compiler do Puppet::Parser::Compiler.new(node) end
+  if Puppet.version.to_f >= 3.0
+    let :scope    do Puppet::Parser::Scope.new(compiler) end
+  else
+    let :scope    do
+      newscope = Puppet::Parser::Scope.new
+      newscope.compiler = compiler
+      newscope.source   = Puppet::Resource::Type.new(:node, :localhost)
+      newscope
+    end
+  end
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("getparam")).to eq("function_getparam")
+  end
+
+  describe 'when a resource is not specified' do
+    it { expect { scope.function_getparam([]) }.to raise_error }
+    it { expect { scope.function_getparam(['User[dan]']) }.to raise_error }
+    it { expect { scope.function_getparam(['User[dan]']) }.to raise_error }
+    it { expect { scope.function_getparam(['User[dan]', {}]) }.to raise_error }
+    # This seems to be OK because we just check for a string.
+    it { expect { scope.function_getparam(['User[dan]', '']) }.to_not raise_error }
+  end
+
+  describe 'when compared against a resource with no params' do
+    let :catalog do
+      compile_to_catalog(<<-EOS
+        user { "dan": }
+      EOS
+      )
+    end
+
+    it do
+      expect(scope.function_getparam(['User[dan]', 'shell'])).to eq('')
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe 'when compared against a resource with params' do
+    let :catalog do
+      compile_to_catalog(<<-EOS
+        user { 'dan': ensure => present, shell => '/bin/sh', managehome => false}
+        $test = getparam(User[dan], 'shell')
+      EOS
+      )
+    end
+
+    it do
+      resource = Puppet::Parser::Resource.new(:user, 'dan', {:scope => scope})
+      resource.set_parameter('ensure', 'present')
+      resource.set_parameter('shell', '/bin/sh')
+      resource.set_parameter('managehome', false)
+      compiler.add_resource(scope, resource)
+
+      expect(scope.function_getparam(['User[dan]', 'shell'])).to eq('/bin/sh')
+      expect(scope.function_getparam(['User[dan]', ''])).to eq('')
+      expect(scope.function_getparam(['User[dan]', 'ensure'])).to eq('present')
+      # TODO: Expected this to be false, figure out why we're getting '' back.
+      expect(scope.function_getparam(['User[dan]', 'managehome'])).to eq('')
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/getvar_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/getvar_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..87ab9b5a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/getvar_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe Puppet::Parser::Functions.function(:getvar) do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+  describe 'when calling getvar from puppet' do
+
+    it "should not compile when no arguments are passed" do
+      skip("Fails on 2.6.x, see bug #15912") if Puppet.version =~ /^2\.6\./
+      Puppet[:code] = '$foo = getvar()'
+      expect {
+        scope.compiler.compile
+      }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /wrong number of arguments/)
+    end
+
+    it "should not compile when too many arguments are passed" do
+      skip("Fails on 2.6.x, see bug #15912") if Puppet.version =~ /^2\.6\./
+      Puppet[:code] = '$foo = getvar("foo::bar", "baz")'
+      expect {
+        scope.compiler.compile
+      }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /wrong number of arguments/)
+    end
+
+    it "should lookup variables in other namespaces" do
+      skip("Fails on 2.6.x, see bug #15912") if Puppet.version =~ /^2\.6\./
+      Puppet[:code] = <<-'ENDofPUPPETcode'
+        class site::data { $foo = 'baz' }
+        include site::data
+        $foo = getvar("site::data::foo")
+        if $foo != 'baz' {
+          fail('getvar did not return what we expect')
+        }
+      ENDofPUPPETcode
+      scope.compiler.compile
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/grep_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/grep_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..9c671dd8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/grep_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the grep function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("grep")).to eq("function_grep")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_grep([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should grep contents from an array" do
+    result = scope.function_grep([["aaabbb","bbbccc","dddeee"], "bbb"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(["aaabbb","bbbccc"]))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/has_interface_with_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/has_interface_with_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..23e09a95
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/has_interface_with_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe Puppet::Parser::Functions.function(:has_interface_with) do
+
+  let(:scope) do
+    PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope
+  end
+
+  # The subject of these examples is the method itself.
+  subject do
+    function_name = Puppet::Parser::Functions.function(:has_interface_with)
+    scope.method(function_name)
+  end
+
+  # We need to mock out the Facts so we can specify how we expect this function
+  # to behave on different platforms.
+  context "On Mac OS X Systems" do
+    before :each do
+      scope.stubs(:lookupvar).with("interfaces").returns('lo0,gif0,stf0,en1,p2p0,fw0,en0,vmnet1,vmnet8,utun0')
+    end
+    it 'should have loopback (lo0)' do
+      expect(subject.call(['lo0'])).to be_truthy
+    end
+    it 'should not have loopback (lo)' do
+      expect(subject.call(['lo'])).to be_falsey
+    end
+  end
+  context "On Linux Systems" do
+    before :each do
+      scope.stubs(:lookupvar).with("interfaces").returns('eth0,lo')
+      scope.stubs(:lookupvar).with("ipaddress").returns('10.0.0.1')
+      scope.stubs(:lookupvar).with("ipaddress_lo").returns('127.0.0.1')
+      scope.stubs(:lookupvar).with("ipaddress_eth0").returns('10.0.0.1')
+      scope.stubs(:lookupvar).with('muppet').returns('kermit')
+      scope.stubs(:lookupvar).with('muppet_lo').returns('mspiggy')
+      scope.stubs(:lookupvar).with('muppet_eth0').returns('kermit')
+    end
+    it 'should have loopback (lo)' do
+      expect(subject.call(['lo'])).to be_truthy
+    end
+    it 'should not have loopback (lo0)' do
+      expect(subject.call(['lo0'])).to be_falsey
+    end
+    it 'should have ipaddress with 127.0.0.1' do
+      expect(subject.call(['ipaddress', '127.0.0.1'])).to be_truthy
+    end
+    it 'should have ipaddress with 10.0.0.1' do
+      expect(subject.call(['ipaddress', '10.0.0.1'])).to be_truthy
+    end
+    it 'should not have ipaddress with 10.0.0.2' do
+      expect(subject.call(['ipaddress', '10.0.0.2'])).to be_falsey
+    end
+    it 'should have muppet named kermit' do
+      expect(subject.call(['muppet', 'kermit'])).to be_truthy
+    end
+    it 'should have muppet named mspiggy' do
+      expect(subject.call(['muppet', 'mspiggy'])).to be_truthy
+    end
+    it 'should not have muppet named bigbird' do
+      expect(subject.call(['muppet', 'bigbird'])).to be_falsey
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/has_ip_address_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/has_ip_address_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..0df12a7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/has_ip_address_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe Puppet::Parser::Functions.function(:has_ip_address) do
+
+  let(:scope) do
+    PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope
+  end
+
+  subject do
+    function_name = Puppet::Parser::Functions.function(:has_ip_address)
+    scope.method(function_name)
+  end
+
+  context "On Linux Systems" do
+    before :each do
+      scope.stubs(:lookupvar).with('interfaces').returns('eth0,lo')
+      scope.stubs(:lookupvar).with('ipaddress').returns('10.0.2.15')
+      scope.stubs(:lookupvar).with('ipaddress_eth0').returns('10.0.2.15')
+      scope.stubs(:lookupvar).with('ipaddress_lo').returns('127.0.0.1')
+    end
+
+    it 'should have primary address (10.0.2.15)' do
+      expect(subject.call(['10.0.2.15'])).to be_truthy
+    end
+
+    it 'should have lookupback address (127.0.0.1)' do
+      expect(subject.call(['127.0.0.1'])).to be_truthy
+    end
+
+    it 'should not have other address' do
+      expect(subject.call(['192.1681.1.1'])).to be_falsey
+    end
+
+    it 'should not have "mspiggy" on an interface' do
+      expect(subject.call(['mspiggy'])).to be_falsey
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/has_ip_network_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/has_ip_network_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..2a2578e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/has_ip_network_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe Puppet::Parser::Functions.function(:has_ip_network) do
+
+  let(:scope) do
+    PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope
+  end
+
+  subject do
+    function_name = Puppet::Parser::Functions.function(:has_ip_network)
+    scope.method(function_name)
+  end
+
+  context "On Linux Systems" do
+    before :each do
+      scope.stubs(:lookupvar).with('interfaces').returns('eth0,lo')
+      scope.stubs(:lookupvar).with('network').returns(:undefined)
+      scope.stubs(:lookupvar).with('network_eth0').returns('10.0.2.0')
+      scope.stubs(:lookupvar).with('network_lo').returns('127.0.0.1')
+    end
+
+    it 'should have primary network (10.0.2.0)' do
+      expect(subject.call(['10.0.2.0'])).to be_truthy
+    end
+
+    it 'should have loopback network (127.0.0.0)' do
+      expect(subject.call(['127.0.0.1'])).to be_truthy
+    end
+
+    it 'should not have other network' do
+      expect(subject.call(['192.168.1.0'])).to be_falsey
+    end
+  end
+end
+
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/has_key_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/has_key_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..6b718005
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/has_key_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe Puppet::Parser::Functions.function(:has_key) do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  describe 'when calling has_key from puppet' do
+    it "should not compile when no arguments are passed" do
+      skip("Fails on 2.6.x, see bug #15912") if Puppet.version =~ /^2\.6\./
+      Puppet[:code] = '$x = has_key()'
+      expect {
+        scope.compiler.compile
+      }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /wrong number of arguments/)
+    end
+
+    it "should not compile when 1 argument is passed" do
+      skip("Fails on 2.6.x, see bug #15912") if Puppet.version =~ /^2\.6\./
+      Puppet[:code] = "$x = has_key('foo')"
+      expect {
+        scope.compiler.compile
+      }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /wrong number of arguments/)
+    end
+
+    it "should require the first value to be a Hash" do
+      skip("Fails on 2.6.x, see bug #15912") if Puppet.version =~ /^2\.6\./
+      Puppet[:code] = "$x = has_key('foo', 'bar')"
+      expect {
+        scope.compiler.compile
+      }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /expects the first argument to be a hash/)
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe 'when calling the function has_key from a scope instance' do
+    it 'should detect existing keys' do
+      expect(scope.function_has_key([{'one' => 1}, 'one'])).to be_truthy
+    end
+
+    it 'should detect existing keys' do
+      expect(scope.function_has_key([{'one' => 1}, 'two'])).to be_falsey
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/hash_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/hash_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..ec2988b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/hash_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the hash function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("hash")).to eq("function_hash")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_hash([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should convert an array to a hash" do
+    result = scope.function_hash([['a',1,'b',2,'c',3]])
+    expect(result).to(eq({'a'=>1,'b'=>2,'c'=>3}))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/intersection_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/intersection_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..6361304f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/intersection_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the intersection function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("intersection")).to eq("function_intersection")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there are fewer than 2 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_intersection([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError) )
+  end
+
+  it "should return the intersection of two arrays" do
+    result = scope.function_intersection([["a","b","c"],["b","c","d"]])
+    expect(result).to(eq(["b","c"]))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/is_array_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/is_array_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..94920a4c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/is_array_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the is_array function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("is_array")).to eq("function_is_array")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_is_array([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should return true if passed an array" do
+    result = scope.function_is_array([[1,2,3]])
+    expect(result).to(eq(true))
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if passed a hash" do
+    result = scope.function_is_array([{'a'=>1}])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if passed a string" do
+    result = scope.function_is_array(["asdf"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/is_bool_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/is_bool_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..4a342ba4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/is_bool_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the is_bool function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("is_bool")).to eq("function_is_bool")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_is_bool([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should return true if passed a TrueClass" do
+    result = scope.function_is_bool([true])
+    expect(result).to(eq(true))
+  end
+
+  it "should return true if passed a FalseClass" do
+    result = scope.function_is_bool([false])
+    expect(result).to(eq(true))
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if passed the string 'true'" do
+    result = scope.function_is_bool(['true'])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if passed the string 'false'" do
+    result = scope.function_is_bool(['false'])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if passed an array" do
+    result = scope.function_is_bool([["a","b"]])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if passed a hash" do
+    result = scope.function_is_bool([{"a" => "b"}])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/is_domain_name_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/is_domain_name_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..4d05f5cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/is_domain_name_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the is_domain_name function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("is_domain_name")).to eq("function_is_domain_name")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_is_domain_name([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should return true if a valid short domain name" do
+    result = scope.function_is_domain_name(["x.com"])
+    expect(result).to(be_truthy)
+  end
+
+  it "should return true if the domain is ." do
+    result = scope.function_is_domain_name(["."])
+    expect(result).to(be_truthy)
+  end
+
+  it "should return true if the domain is x.com." do
+    result = scope.function_is_domain_name(["x.com."])
+    expect(result).to(be_truthy)
+  end
+
+  it "should return true if a valid domain name" do
+    result = scope.function_is_domain_name(["foo.bar.com"])
+    expect(result).to(be_truthy)
+  end
+
+  it "should allow domain parts to start with numbers" do
+    result = scope.function_is_domain_name(["3foo.2bar.com"])
+    expect(result).to(be_truthy)
+  end
+
+  it "should allow domain to end with a dot" do
+    result = scope.function_is_domain_name(["3foo.2bar.com."])
+    expect(result).to(be_truthy)
+  end
+
+  it "should allow a single part domain" do
+    result = scope.function_is_domain_name(["orange"])
+    expect(result).to(be_truthy)
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if domain parts start with hyphens" do
+    result = scope.function_is_domain_name(["-3foo.2bar.com"])
+    expect(result).to(be_falsey)
+  end
+
+  it "should return true if domain contains hyphens" do
+    result = scope.function_is_domain_name(["3foo-bar.2bar-fuzz.com"])
+    expect(result).to(be_truthy)
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if domain name contains spaces" do
+    result = scope.function_is_domain_name(["not valid"])
+    expect(result).to(be_falsey)
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/is_float_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/is_float_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..d926634e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/is_float_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the is_float function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("is_float")).to eq("function_is_float")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_is_float([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should return true if a float" do
+    result = scope.function_is_float(["0.12"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(true))
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if a string" do
+    result = scope.function_is_float(["asdf"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if an integer" do
+    result = scope.function_is_float(["3"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+  it "should return true if a float is created from an arithmetical operation" do
+    result = scope.function_is_float([3.2*2])
+    expect(result).to(eq(true))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/is_function_available.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/is_function_available.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..3a9aa1b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/is_function_available.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the is_function_available function" do
+  before :all do
+    Puppet::Parser::Functions.autoloader.loadall
+  end
+
+  before :each do
+    @scope = Puppet::Parser::Scope.new
+  end
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("is_function_available")).to eq("function_is_function_available")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { @scope.function_is_function_available([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if a nonexistent function is passed" do
+    result = @scope.function_is_function_available(['jeff_mccunes_left_sock'])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+
+  it "should return true if an available function is passed" do
+    result = @scope.function_is_function_available(['require'])
+    expect(result).to(eq(true))
+  end
+
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/is_hash_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/is_hash_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..a8494111
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/is_hash_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the is_hash function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("is_hash")).to eq("function_is_hash")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_is_hash([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should return true if passed a hash" do
+    result = scope.function_is_hash([{"a"=>1,"b"=>2}])
+    expect(result).to(eq(true))
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if passed an array" do
+    result = scope.function_is_hash([["a","b"]])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if passed a string" do
+    result = scope.function_is_hash(["asdf"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/is_integer_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/is_integer_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..f0cbca80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/is_integer_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the is_integer function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("is_integer")).to eq("function_is_integer")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_is_integer([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should return true if an integer" do
+    result = scope.function_is_integer(["3"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(true))
+  end
+
+  it "should return true if a negative integer" do
+    result = scope.function_is_integer(["-7"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(true))
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if a float" do
+    result = scope.function_is_integer(["3.2"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if a string" do
+    result = scope.function_is_integer(["asdf"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+
+  it "should return true if an integer is created from an arithmetical operation" do
+    result = scope.function_is_integer([3*2])
+    expect(result).to(eq(true))
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if an array" do
+    result = scope.function_is_numeric([["asdf"]])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if a hash" do
+    result = scope.function_is_numeric([{"asdf" => false}])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if a boolean" do
+    result = scope.function_is_numeric([true])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if a whitespace is in the string" do
+    result = scope.function_is_numeric([" -1324"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if it is zero prefixed" do
+    result = scope.function_is_numeric(["0001234"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if it is wrapped inside an array" do
+    result = scope.function_is_numeric([[1234]])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/is_ip_address_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/is_ip_address_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..c16d12b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/is_ip_address_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the is_ip_address function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("is_ip_address")).to eq("function_is_ip_address")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_is_ip_address([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should return true if an IPv4 address" do
+    result = scope.function_is_ip_address(["1.2.3.4"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(true))
+  end
+
+  it "should return true if a full IPv6 address" do
+    result = scope.function_is_ip_address(["fe80:0000:cd12:d123:e2f8:47ff:fe09:dd74"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(true))
+  end
+
+  it "should return true if a compressed IPv6 address" do
+    result = scope.function_is_ip_address(["fe00::1"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(true))
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if not valid" do
+    result = scope.function_is_ip_address(["asdf"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if IP octets out of range" do
+    result = scope.function_is_ip_address(["1.1.1.300"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/is_mac_address_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/is_mac_address_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..66edd197
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/is_mac_address_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the is_mac_address function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("is_mac_address")).to eq("function_is_mac_address")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_is_mac_address([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should return true if a valid mac address" do
+    result = scope.function_is_mac_address(["00:a0:1f:12:7f:a0"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(true))
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if octets are out of range" do
+    result = scope.function_is_mac_address(["00:a0:1f:12:7f:g0"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if not valid" do
+    result = scope.function_is_mac_address(["not valid"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/is_numeric_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/is_numeric_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..4176961d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/is_numeric_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the is_numeric function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("is_numeric")).to eq("function_is_numeric")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 argument" do
+    expect { scope.function_is_numeric([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should return true if an integer" do
+    result = scope.function_is_numeric(["3"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(true))
+  end
+
+  it "should return true if a float" do
+    result = scope.function_is_numeric(["3.2"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(true))
+  end
+
+  it "should return true if an integer is created from an arithmetical operation" do
+    result = scope.function_is_numeric([3*2])
+    expect(result).to(eq(true))
+  end
+
+  it "should return true if a float is created from an arithmetical operation" do
+    result = scope.function_is_numeric([3.2*2])
+    expect(result).to(eq(true))
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if a string" do
+    result = scope.function_is_numeric(["asdf"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if an array" do
+    result = scope.function_is_numeric([["asdf"]])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if an array of integers" do
+    result = scope.function_is_numeric([[1,2,3,4]])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if a hash" do
+    result = scope.function_is_numeric([{"asdf" => false}])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if a hash with numbers in it" do
+    result = scope.function_is_numeric([{1 => 2}])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if a boolean" do
+    result = scope.function_is_numeric([true])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+
+  it "should return true if a negative float with exponent" do
+    result = scope.function_is_numeric(["-342.2315e-12"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(true))
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if a negative integer with whitespaces before/after the dash" do
+    result = scope.function_is_numeric([" -  751"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+
+#  it "should return true if a hexadecimal" do
+#    result = scope.function_is_numeric(["0x52F8c"])
+#    result.should(eq(true))
+#  end
+#
+#  it "should return true if a hexadecimal with uppercase 0X prefix" do
+#    result = scope.function_is_numeric(["0X52F8c"])
+#    result.should(eq(true))
+#  end
+#
+#  it "should return false if a hexadecimal without a prefix" do
+#    result = scope.function_is_numeric(["52F8c"])
+#    result.should(eq(false))
+#  end
+#
+#  it "should return true if a octal" do
+#    result = scope.function_is_numeric(["0751"])
+#    result.should(eq(true))
+#  end
+#
+#  it "should return true if a negative hexadecimal" do
+#    result = scope.function_is_numeric(["-0x52F8c"])
+#    result.should(eq(true))
+#  end
+#
+#  it "should return true if a negative octal" do
+#    result = scope.function_is_numeric(["-0751"])
+#    result.should(eq(true))
+#  end
+#
+#  it "should return false if a negative octal with whitespaces before/after the dash" do
+#    result = scope.function_is_numeric([" -  0751"])
+#    result.should(eq(false))
+#  end
+#
+#  it "should return false if a bad hexadecimal" do
+#    result = scope.function_is_numeric(["0x23d7g"])
+#    result.should(eq(false))
+#  end
+#
+#  it "should return false if a bad octal" do
+#    result = scope.function_is_numeric(["0287"])
+#    result.should(eq(false))
+#  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/is_string_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/is_string_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..6a0801ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/is_string_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the is_string function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("is_string")).to eq("function_is_string")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_is_string([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should return true if a string" do
+    result = scope.function_is_string(["asdf"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(true))
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if an integer" do
+    result = scope.function_is_string(["3"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if a float" do
+    result = scope.function_is_string(["3.23"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if an array" do
+    result = scope.function_is_string([["a","b","c"]])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/join_keys_to_values_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/join_keys_to_values_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..4a9ae87a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/join_keys_to_values_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the join_keys_to_values function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("join_keys_to_values")).to eq("function_join_keys_to_values")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there are fewer than two arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_join_keys_to_values([{}]) }.to raise_error Puppet::ParseError
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there are greater than two arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_join_keys_to_values([{}, 'foo', 'bar']) }.to raise_error Puppet::ParseError
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a TypeError if the first argument is an array" do
+    expect { scope.function_join_keys_to_values([[1,2], ',']) }.to raise_error TypeError
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a TypeError if the second argument is an array" do
+    expect { scope.function_join_keys_to_values([{}, [1,2]]) }.to raise_error TypeError
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a TypeError if the second argument is a number" do
+    expect { scope.function_join_keys_to_values([{}, 1]) }.to raise_error TypeError
+  end
+
+  it "should return an empty array given an empty hash" do
+    result = scope.function_join_keys_to_values([{}, ":"])
+    expect(result).to eq([])
+  end
+
+  it "should join hash's keys to its values" do
+    result = scope.function_join_keys_to_values([{'a'=>1,2=>'foo',:b=>nil}, ":"])
+    expect(result).to match_array(['a:1','2:foo','b:'])
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/join_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/join_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..793c36fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/join_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the join function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("join")).to eq("function_join")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_join([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should join an array into a string" do
+    result = scope.function_join([["a","b","c"], ":"])
+    expect(result).to(eq("a:b:c"))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/keys_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/keys_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..f2e7d428
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/keys_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the keys function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("keys")).to eq("function_keys")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_keys([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should return an array of keys when given a hash" do
+    result = scope.function_keys([{'a'=>1, 'b'=>2}])
+    # =~ performs 'array with same elements' (set) matching
+    # For more info see RSpec::Matchers::MatchArray
+    expect(result).to match_array(['a','b'])
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/loadyaml_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/loadyaml_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..cdc3d6f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/loadyaml_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the loadyaml function" do
+  include PuppetlabsSpec::Files
+
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("loadyaml")).to eq("function_loadyaml")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_loadyaml([]) }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError)
+  end
+
+  it "should convert YAML file to a data structure" do
+    yaml_file = tmpfilename ('yamlfile')
+    File.open(yaml_file, 'w') do |fh|
+      fh.write("---\n aaa: 1\n bbb: 2\n ccc: 3\n ddd: 4\n")
+    end
+    result = scope.function_loadyaml([yaml_file])
+    expect(result).to eq({"aaa" => 1, "bbb" => 2, "ccc" => 3, "ddd" => 4 })
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/lstrip_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/lstrip_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..68cca1c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/lstrip_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the lstrip function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("lstrip")).to eq("function_lstrip")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_lstrip([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should lstrip a string" do
+    result = scope.function_lstrip(["  asdf"])
+    expect(result).to(eq('asdf'))
+  end
+
+  it "should accept objects which extend String" do
+    class AlsoString < String
+    end
+
+    value = AlsoString.new("  asdf")
+    result = scope.function_lstrip([value])
+    result.should(eq("asdf"))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/max_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/max_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..c3d8a132
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/max_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the max function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("max")).to eq("function_max")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_max([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should be able to compare strings" do
+    expect(scope.function_max(["albatross","dog","horse"])).to(eq("horse"))
+  end
+
+  it "should be able to compare numbers" do
+    expect(scope.function_max([6,8,4])).to(eq(8))
+  end
+
+  it "should be able to compare a number with a stringified number" do
+    expect(scope.function_max([1,"2"])).to(eq("2"))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/member_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/member_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..1a1d7c66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/member_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the member function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("member")).to eq("function_member")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_member([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should return true if a member is in an array" do
+    result = scope.function_member([["a","b","c"], "a"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(true))
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if a member is not in an array" do
+    result = scope.function_member([["a","b","c"], "d"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+
+  it "should return true if a member array is in an array" do
+    result = scope.function_member([["a","b","c"], ["a", "b"]])
+    expect(result).to(eq(true))
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if a member array is not in an array" do
+    result = scope.function_member([["a","b","c"], ["d", "e"]])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/merge_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/merge_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..2abf9762
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/merge_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe Puppet::Parser::Functions.function(:merge) do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  describe 'when calling merge from puppet' do
+    it "should not compile when no arguments are passed" do
+      skip("Fails on 2.6.x, see bug #15912") if Puppet.version =~ /^2\.6\./
+      Puppet[:code] = '$x = merge()'
+      expect {
+        scope.compiler.compile
+      }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /wrong number of arguments/)
+    end
+
+    it "should not compile when 1 argument is passed" do
+      skip("Fails on 2.6.x, see bug #15912") if Puppet.version =~ /^2\.6\./
+      Puppet[:code] = "$my_hash={'one' => 1}\n$x = merge($my_hash)"
+      expect {
+        scope.compiler.compile
+      }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /wrong number of arguments/)
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe 'when calling merge on the scope instance' do
+    it 'should require all parameters are hashes' do
+      expect { new_hash = scope.function_merge([{}, '2'])}.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /unexpected argument type String/)
+      expect { new_hash = scope.function_merge([{}, 2])}.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /unexpected argument type Fixnum/)
+    end
+
+    it 'should accept empty strings as puppet undef' do
+      expect { new_hash = scope.function_merge([{}, ''])}.not_to raise_error
+    end
+
+    it 'should be able to merge two hashes' do
+      new_hash = scope.function_merge([{'one' => '1', 'two' => '1'}, {'two' => '2', 'three' => '2'}])
+      expect(new_hash['one']).to   eq('1')
+      expect(new_hash['two']).to   eq('2')
+      expect(new_hash['three']).to eq('2')
+    end
+
+    it 'should merge multiple hashes' do
+      hash = scope.function_merge([{'one' => 1}, {'one' => '2'}, {'one' => '3'}])
+      expect(hash['one']).to eq('3')
+    end
+
+    it 'should accept empty hashes' do
+      expect(scope.function_merge([{},{},{}])).to eq({})
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/min_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/min_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..35a08900
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/min_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the min function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("min")).to eq("function_min")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_min([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should be able to compare strings" do
+    expect(scope.function_min(["albatross","dog","horse"])).to(eq("albatross"))
+  end
+
+  it "should be able to compare numbers" do
+    expect(scope.function_min([6,8,4])).to(eq(4))
+  end
+
+  it "should be able to compare a number with a stringified number" do
+    expect(scope.function_min([1,"2"])).to(eq(1))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/num2bool_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/num2bool_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..d0ba9354
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/num2bool_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the num2bool function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("num2bool")).to eq("function_num2bool")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there are no arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_num2bool([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there are more than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_num2bool(["foo","bar"]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if passed something non-numeric" do
+    expect { scope.function_num2bool(["xyzzy"]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should return true if passed string 1" do
+    result = scope.function_num2bool(["1"])
+    expect(result).to(be_truthy)
+  end
+
+  it "should return true if passed string 1.5" do
+    result = scope.function_num2bool(["1.5"])
+    expect(result).to(be_truthy)
+  end
+
+  it "should return true if passed number 1" do
+    result = scope.function_num2bool([1])
+    expect(result).to(be_truthy)
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if passed string 0" do
+    result = scope.function_num2bool(["0"])
+    expect(result).to(be_falsey)
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if passed number 0" do
+    result = scope.function_num2bool([0])
+    expect(result).to(be_falsey)
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if passed string -1" do
+    result = scope.function_num2bool(["-1"])
+    expect(result).to(be_falsey)
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if passed string -1.5" do
+    result = scope.function_num2bool(["-1.5"])
+    expect(result).to(be_falsey)
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if passed number -1" do
+    result = scope.function_num2bool([-1])
+    expect(result).to(be_falsey)
+  end
+
+  it "should return false if passed float -1.5" do
+    result = scope.function_num2bool([-1.5])
+    expect(result).to(be_falsey)
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/parsejson_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/parsejson_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..1dd41b96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/parsejson_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the parsejson function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("parsejson")).to eq("function_parsejson")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_parsejson([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should convert JSON to a data structure" do
+    json = <<-EOS
+["aaa","bbb","ccc"]
+EOS
+    result = scope.function_parsejson([json])
+    expect(result).to(eq(['aaa','bbb','ccc']))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/parseyaml_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/parseyaml_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..e5f145ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/parseyaml_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the parseyaml function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("parseyaml")).to eq("function_parseyaml")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_parseyaml([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should convert YAML to a data structure" do
+    yaml = <<-EOS
+- aaa
+- bbb
+- ccc
+EOS
+    result = scope.function_parseyaml([yaml])
+    expect(result).to(eq(['aaa','bbb','ccc']))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/pick_default_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/pick_default_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..db10cc35
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/pick_default_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the pick_default function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("pick_default")).to eq("function_pick_default")
+  end
+
+  it 'should return the correct value' do
+    expect(scope.function_pick_default(['first', 'second'])).to eq('first')
+  end
+
+  it 'should return the correct value if the first value is empty' do
+    expect(scope.function_pick_default(['', 'second'])).to eq('second')
+  end
+
+  it 'should skip empty string values' do
+    expect(scope.function_pick_default(['', 'first'])).to eq('first')
+  end
+
+  it 'should skip :undef values' do
+    expect(scope.function_pick_default([:undef, 'first'])).to eq('first')
+  end
+
+  it 'should skip :undefined values' do
+    expect(scope.function_pick_default([:undefined, 'first'])).to eq('first')
+  end
+
+  it 'should return the empty string if it is the last possibility' do
+    expect(scope.function_pick_default([:undef, :undefined, ''])).to eq('')
+  end
+
+  it 'should return :undef if it is the last possibility' do
+    expect(scope.function_pick_default(['', :undefined, :undef])).to eq(:undef)
+  end
+
+  it 'should return :undefined if it is the last possibility' do
+    expect(scope.function_pick_default([:undef, '', :undefined])).to eq(:undefined)
+  end
+
+  it 'should return the empty string if it is the only possibility' do
+    expect(scope.function_pick_default([''])).to eq('')
+  end
+
+  it 'should return :undef if it is the only possibility' do
+    expect(scope.function_pick_default([:undef])).to eq(:undef)
+  end
+
+  it 'should return :undefined if it is the only possibility' do
+    expect(scope.function_pick_default([:undefined])).to eq(:undefined)
+  end
+
+  it 'should error if no values are passed' do
+    expect { scope.function_pick_default([]) }.to raise_error(Puppet::Error, /Must receive at least one argument./)
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/pick_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/pick_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..8be8f587
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/pick_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the pick function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("pick")).to eq("function_pick")
+  end
+
+  it 'should return the correct value' do
+    expect(scope.function_pick(['first', 'second'])).to eq('first')
+  end
+
+  it 'should return the correct value if the first value is empty' do
+    expect(scope.function_pick(['', 'second'])).to eq('second')
+  end
+
+  it 'should remove empty string values' do
+    expect(scope.function_pick(['', 'first'])).to eq('first')
+  end
+
+  it 'should remove :undef values' do
+    expect(scope.function_pick([:undef, 'first'])).to eq('first')
+  end
+
+  it 'should remove :undefined values' do
+    expect(scope.function_pick([:undefined, 'first'])).to eq('first')
+  end
+
+  it 'should error if no values are passed' do
+    expect { scope.function_pick([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, "pick(): must receive at least one non empty value"))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/prefix_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/prefix_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..34cac530
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/prefix_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the prefix function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "raises a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_prefix([]) }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /number of arguments/)
+  end
+
+  it "raises an error if the first argument is not an array" do
+    expect {
+      scope.function_prefix([Object.new])
+    }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /expected first argument to be an Array/)
+  end
+
+
+  it "raises an error if the second argument is not a string" do
+    expect {
+      scope.function_prefix([['first', 'second'], 42])
+    }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /expected second argument to be a String/)
+  end
+
+  it "returns a prefixed array" do
+    result = scope.function_prefix([['a','b','c'], 'p'])
+    expect(result).to(eq(['pa','pb','pc']))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/private_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/private_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..c70759fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/private_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe Puppet::Parser::Functions.function(:private) do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  subject do
+    function_name = Puppet::Parser::Functions.function(:private)
+    scope.method(function_name)
+  end
+
+  context "when called from inside module" do
+    it "should not fail" do
+      scope.expects(:lookupvar).with('module_name').returns('foo')
+      scope.expects(:lookupvar).with('caller_module_name').returns('foo')
+      expect {
+        subject.call []
+      }.not_to raise_error
+    end
+  end
+
+  context "with an explicit failure message" do
+    it "prints the failure message on error" do
+      scope.expects(:lookupvar).with('module_name').returns('foo')
+      scope.expects(:lookupvar).with('caller_module_name').returns('bar')
+      expect {
+        subject.call ['failure message!']
+      }.to raise_error Puppet::ParseError, /failure message!/
+    end
+  end
+
+  context "when called from private class" do
+    it "should fail with a class error message" do
+      scope.expects(:lookupvar).with('module_name').returns('foo')
+      scope.expects(:lookupvar).with('caller_module_name').returns('bar')
+      scope.source.expects(:name).returns('foo::baz')
+      scope.source.expects(:type).returns('hostclass')
+      expect {
+        subject.call []
+      }.to raise_error Puppet::ParseError, /Class foo::baz is private/
+    end
+  end
+
+  context "when called from private definition" do
+    it "should fail with a class error message" do
+      scope.expects(:lookupvar).with('module_name').returns('foo')
+      scope.expects(:lookupvar).with('caller_module_name').returns('bar')
+      scope.source.expects(:name).returns('foo::baz')
+      scope.source.expects(:type).returns('definition')
+      expect {
+        subject.call []
+      }.to raise_error Puppet::ParseError, /Definition foo::baz is private/
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/range_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/range_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..ef86f971
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/range_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the range function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "exists" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("range")).to eq("function_range")
+  end
+
+  it "raises a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_range([]) }.to raise_error Puppet::ParseError, /Wrong number of arguments.*0 for 1/
+  end
+
+  describe 'with a letter range' do
+    it "returns a letter range" do
+      result = scope.function_range(["a","d"])
+      expect(result).to eq ['a','b','c','d']
+    end
+
+    it "returns a letter range given a step of 1" do
+      result = scope.function_range(["a","d","1"])
+      expect(result).to eq ['a','b','c','d']
+    end
+
+    it "returns a stepped letter range" do
+      result = scope.function_range(["a","d","2"])
+      expect(result).to eq ['a','c']
+    end
+
+    it "returns a stepped letter range given a negative step" do
+      result = scope.function_range(["a","d","-2"])
+      expect(result).to eq ['a','c']
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe 'with a number range' do
+    it "returns a number range" do
+      result = scope.function_range(["1","4"])
+      expect(result).to eq [1,2,3,4]
+    end
+
+    it "returns a number range given a step of 1" do
+      result = scope.function_range(["1","4","1"])
+      expect(result).to eq [1,2,3,4]
+    end
+
+    it "returns a stepped number range" do
+      result = scope.function_range(["1","4","2"])
+      expect(result).to eq [1,3]
+    end
+
+    it "returns a stepped number range given a negative step" do
+      result = scope.function_range(["1","4","-2"])
+      expect(result).to eq [1,3]
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe 'with a numeric-like string range' do
+    it "works with padded hostname like strings" do
+      expected = ("host01".."host10").to_a
+      expect(scope.function_range(["host01","host10"])).to eq expected
+    end
+
+    it "coerces zero padded digits to integers" do
+      expected = (0..10).to_a
+      expect(scope.function_range(["00", "10"])).to eq expected
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe 'with a numeric range' do
+    it "returns a range of numbers" do
+      expected = (1..10).to_a
+      expect(scope.function_range([1,10])).to eq expected
+    end
+    it "returns a range of numbers with step parameter" do
+      expected = (1..10).step(2).to_a
+      expect(scope.function_range([1,10,2])).to eq expected
+    end
+    it "works with mixed numeric like strings and numeric arguments" do
+      expected = (1..10).to_a
+      expect(scope.function_range(['1',10])).to eq expected
+      expect(scope.function_range([1,'10'])).to eq expected
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/reject_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/reject_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..88a992ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/reject_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the reject function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("reject")).to eq("function_reject")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_reject([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should reject contents from an array" do
+    result = scope.function_reject([["1111", "aaabbb","bbbccc","dddeee"], "bbb"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(["1111", "dddeee"]))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/reverse_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/reverse_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..1f047943
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/reverse_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the reverse function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("reverse")).to eq("function_reverse")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_reverse([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should reverse a string" do
+    result = scope.function_reverse(["asdfghijkl"])
+    expect(result).to(eq('lkjihgfdsa'))
+  end
+
+  it "should accept objects which extend String" do
+    class AlsoString < String
+    end
+
+    value = AlsoString.new('asdfghjkl')
+    result = scope.function_reverse([value])
+    result.should(eq('lkjhgfdsa'))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/rstrip_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/rstrip_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..f6b48389
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/rstrip_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the rstrip function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("rstrip")).to eq("function_rstrip")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_rstrip([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should rstrip a string" do
+    result = scope.function_rstrip(["asdf  "])
+    expect(result).to(eq('asdf'))
+  end
+
+  it "should rstrip each element in an array" do
+    result = scope.function_rstrip([["a ","b ", "c "]])
+    expect(result).to(eq(['a','b','c']))
+  end
+
+  it "should accept objects which extend String" do
+    class AlsoString < String
+    end
+
+    value = AlsoString.new('asdf ')
+    result = scope.function_rstrip([value])
+    result.should(eq('asdf'))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/shuffle_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/shuffle_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..a62c1fb5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/shuffle_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the shuffle function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("shuffle")).to eq("function_shuffle")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_shuffle([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should shuffle a string and the result should be the same size" do
+    result = scope.function_shuffle(["asdf"])
+    expect(result.size).to(eq(4))
+  end
+
+  it "should shuffle a string but the sorted contents should still be the same" do
+    result = scope.function_shuffle(["adfs"])
+    expect(result.split("").sort.join("")).to(eq("adfs"))
+  end
+
+  it "should accept objects which extend String" do
+    class AlsoString < String
+    end
+
+    value = AlsoString.new('asdf')
+    result = scope.function_shuffle([value])
+    result.size.should(eq(4))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/size_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/size_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..18eb48f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/size_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the size function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("size")).to eq("function_size")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_size([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should return the size of a string" do
+    result = scope.function_size(["asdf"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(4))
+  end
+
+  it "should return the size of an array" do
+    result = scope.function_size([["a","b","c"]])
+    expect(result).to(eq(3))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/sort_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/sort_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..4c2a66cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/sort_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the sort function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("sort")).to eq("function_sort")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is not 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_sort(['','']) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should sort an array" do
+    result = scope.function_sort([["a","c","b"]])
+    expect(result).to(eq(['a','b','c']))
+  end
+
+  it "should sort a string" do
+    result = scope.function_sort(["acb"])
+    expect(result).to(eq('abc'))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/squeeze_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/squeeze_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..cd0eb37f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/squeeze_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the squeeze function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("squeeze")).to eq("function_squeeze")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 2 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_squeeze([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should squeeze a string" do
+    result = scope.function_squeeze(["aaabbbbcccc"])
+    expect(result).to(eq('abc'))
+  end
+
+  it "should squeeze all elements in an array" do
+    result = scope.function_squeeze([["aaabbbbcccc","dddfff"]])
+    expect(result).to(eq(['abc','df']))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/str2bool_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/str2bool_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..1d205d75
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/str2bool_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the str2bool function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("str2bool")).to eq("function_str2bool")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_str2bool([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should convert string 'true' to true" do
+    result = scope.function_str2bool(["true"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(true))
+  end
+
+  it "should convert string 'undef' to false" do
+    result = scope.function_str2bool(["undef"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+
+  it "should return the boolean it was called with" do
+    result = scope.function_str2bool([true])
+    expect(result).to(eq(true))
+    result = scope.function_str2bool([false])
+    expect(result).to(eq(false))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/str2saltedsha512_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/str2saltedsha512_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..ab7f57f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/str2saltedsha512_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the str2saltedsha512 function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("str2saltedsha512")).to eq("function_str2saltedsha512")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 argument" do
+    expect { scope.function_str2saltedsha512([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError) )
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is more than 1 argument" do
+    expect { scope.function_str2saltedsha512(['foo', 'bar', 'baz']) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError) )
+  end
+
+  it "should return a salted-sha512 password hash 136 characters in length" do
+    result = scope.function_str2saltedsha512(["password"])
+    expect(result.length).to(eq(136))
+  end
+
+  it "should raise an error if you pass a non-string password" do
+    expect { scope.function_str2saltedsha512([1234]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError) )
+  end
+
+  it "should generate a valid password" do
+    # Allow the function to generate a password based on the string 'password'
+    password_hash = scope.function_str2saltedsha512(["password"])
+
+    # Separate the Salt and Password from the Password Hash
+    salt     = password_hash[0..7]
+    password = password_hash[8..-1]
+
+    # Convert the Salt and Password from Hex to Binary Data
+    str_salt     = Array(salt.lines).pack('H*')
+    str_password = Array(password.lines).pack('H*')
+
+    # Combine the Binary Salt with 'password' and compare the end result
+    saltedpass    = Digest::SHA512.digest(str_salt + 'password')
+    result        = (str_salt + saltedpass).unpack('H*')[0]
+    expect(result).to eq(password_hash)
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/strftime_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/strftime_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..ebec54b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/strftime_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the strftime function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("strftime")).to eq("function_strftime")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_strftime([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "using %s should be higher then when I wrote this test" do
+    result = scope.function_strftime(["%s"])
+    expect(result.to_i).to(be > 1311953157)
+  end
+
+  it "using %s should be lower then 1.5 trillion" do
+    result = scope.function_strftime(["%s"])
+    expect(result.to_i).to(be < 1500000000)
+  end
+
+  it "should return a date when given %Y-%m-%d" do
+    result = scope.function_strftime(["%Y-%m-%d"])
+    expect(result).to match(/^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}$/)
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/strip_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/strip_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..4ac8daf8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/strip_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the strip function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("strip")).to eq("function_strip")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_strip([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should strip a string" do
+    result = scope.function_strip([" ab cd "])
+    expect(result).to(eq('ab cd'))
+  end
+
+  it "should accept objects which extend String" do
+    class AlsoString < String
+    end
+
+    value = AlsoString.new(' as df ')
+    result = scope.function_strip([value])
+    result.should(eq('as df'))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/suffix_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/suffix_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..c7783c64
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/suffix_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the suffix function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "raises a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_suffix([]) }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /number of arguments/)
+  end
+
+  it "raises an error if the first argument is not an array" do
+    expect {
+      scope.function_suffix([Object.new])
+    }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /expected first argument to be an Array/)
+  end
+
+  it "raises an error if the second argument is not a string" do
+    expect {
+      scope.function_suffix([['first', 'second'], 42])
+    }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /expected second argument to be a String/)
+  end
+
+  it "returns a suffixed array" do
+    result = scope.function_suffix([['a','b','c'], 'p'])
+    expect(result).to(eq(['ap','bp','cp']))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/swapcase_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/swapcase_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..791d1dfa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/swapcase_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the swapcase function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("swapcase")).to eq("function_swapcase")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_swapcase([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should swapcase a string" do
+    result = scope.function_swapcase(["aaBBccDD"])
+    expect(result).to(eq('AAbbCCdd'))
+  end
+
+  it "should accept objects which extend String" do
+    class AlsoString < String
+    end
+
+    value = AlsoString.new("aaBBccDD")
+    result = scope.function_swapcase([value])
+    result.should(eq("AAbbCCdd"))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/time_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/time_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..6e22515f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/time_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the time function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("time")).to eq("function_time")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is more than 2 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_time(['','']) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should return a number" do
+    result = scope.function_time([])
+    expect(result).to be_an(Integer)
+  end
+
+  it "should be higher then when I wrote this test" do
+    result = scope.function_time([])
+    expect(result).to(be > 1311953157)
+  end
+
+  it "should be lower then 1.5 trillion" do
+    result = scope.function_time([])
+    expect(result).to(be < 1500000000)
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/to_bytes_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/to_bytes_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..0f6ade91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/to_bytes_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the to_bytes function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("to_bytes")).to eq("function_to_bytes")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_to_bytes([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should convert kB to B" do
+    result = scope.function_to_bytes(["4 kB"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(4096))
+  end
+
+  it "should convert MB to B" do
+    result = scope.function_to_bytes(["4 MB"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(4194304))
+  end
+
+  it "should convert GB to B" do
+    result = scope.function_to_bytes(["4 GB"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(4294967296))
+  end
+
+  it "should convert TB to B" do
+    result = scope.function_to_bytes(["4 TB"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(4398046511104))
+  end
+
+  it "should convert PB to B" do
+    result = scope.function_to_bytes(["4 PB"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(4503599627370496))
+  end
+
+  it "should convert PB to B" do
+    result = scope.function_to_bytes(["4 EB"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(4611686018427387904))
+  end
+
+  it "should work without B in unit" do
+    result = scope.function_to_bytes(["4 k"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(4096))
+  end
+
+  it "should work without a space before unit" do
+    result = scope.function_to_bytes(["4k"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(4096))
+  end
+
+  it "should work without a unit" do
+    result = scope.function_to_bytes(["5678"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(5678))
+  end
+
+  it "should convert fractions" do
+    result = scope.function_to_bytes(["1.5 kB"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(1536))
+  end
+
+  it "should convert scientific notation" do
+    result = scope.function_to_bytes(["1.5e2 B"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(150))
+  end
+
+  it "should do nothing with a positive number" do
+    result = scope.function_to_bytes([5678])
+    expect(result).to(eq(5678))
+  end
+
+  it "should should raise a ParseError if input isn't a number" do
+    expect { scope.function_to_bytes(["foo"]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should should raise a ParseError if prefix is unknown" do
+    expect { scope.function_to_bytes(["5 uB"]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/type3x_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/type3x_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d21236a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/type3x_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the type3x function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("type3x")).to eq("function_type3x")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_type3x([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should return string when given a string" do
+    result = scope.function_type3x(["aaabbbbcccc"])
+    expect(result).to(eq('string'))
+  end
+
+  it "should return array when given an array" do
+    result = scope.function_type3x([["aaabbbbcccc","asdf"]])
+    expect(result).to(eq('array'))
+  end
+
+  it "should return hash when given a hash" do
+    result = scope.function_type3x([{"a"=>1,"b"=>2}])
+    expect(result).to(eq('hash'))
+  end
+
+  it "should return integer when given an integer" do
+    result = scope.function_type3x(["1"])
+    expect(result).to(eq('integer'))
+  end
+
+  it "should return float when given a float" do
+    result = scope.function_type3x(["1.34"])
+    expect(result).to(eq('float'))
+  end
+
+  it "should return boolean when given a boolean" do
+    result = scope.function_type3x([true])
+    expect(result).to(eq('boolean'))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/type_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/type_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..b683fcfa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/type_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the type function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("type")).to eq("function_type")
+  end
+
+  it "should give a deprecation warning when called" do
+    scope.expects(:warning).with("type() DEPRECATED: This function will cease to function on Puppet 4; please use type3x() before upgrading to puppet 4 for backwards-compatibility, or migrate to the new parser's typing system.")
+    scope.function_type(["aoeu"])
+  end
+
+  it "should return string when given a string" do
+    result = scope.function_type(["aaabbbbcccc"])
+    expect(result).to(eq('string'))
+  end
+
+  it "should return array when given an array" do
+    result = scope.function_type([["aaabbbbcccc","asdf"]])
+    expect(result).to(eq('array'))
+  end
+
+  it "should return hash when given a hash" do
+    result = scope.function_type([{"a"=>1,"b"=>2}])
+    expect(result).to(eq('hash'))
+  end
+
+  it "should return integer when given an integer" do
+    result = scope.function_type(["1"])
+    expect(result).to(eq('integer'))
+  end
+
+  it "should return float when given a float" do
+    result = scope.function_type(["1.34"])
+    expect(result).to(eq('float'))
+  end
+
+  it "should return boolean when given a boolean" do
+    result = scope.function_type([true])
+    expect(result).to(eq('boolean'))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/union_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/union_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..706f4cbc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/union_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the union function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("union")).to eq("function_union")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there are fewer than 2 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_union([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError) )
+  end
+
+  it "should join two arrays together" do
+    result = scope.function_union([["a","b","c"],["b","c","d"]])
+    expect(result).to(eq(["a","b","c","d"]))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/unique_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/unique_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..7cd3a566
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/unique_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the unique function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("unique")).to eq("function_unique")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_unique([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should remove duplicate elements in a string" do
+    result = scope.function_unique(["aabbc"])
+    expect(result).to(eq('abc'))
+  end
+
+  it "should remove duplicate elements in an array" do
+    result = scope.function_unique([["a","a","b","b","c"]])
+    expect(result).to(eq(['a','b','c']))
+  end
+
+  it "should accept objects which extend String" do
+    class AlsoString < String
+    end
+
+    value = AlsoString.new('aabbc')
+    result = scope.function_unique([value])
+    result.should(eq('abc'))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/upcase_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/upcase_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..3cf8b055
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/upcase_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the upcase function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("upcase")).to eq("function_upcase")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_upcase([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should upcase a string" do
+    result = scope.function_upcase(["abc"])
+    expect(result).to(eq('ABC'))
+  end
+
+  it "should do nothing if a string is already upcase" do
+    result = scope.function_upcase(["ABC"])
+    expect(result).to(eq('ABC'))
+  end
+
+  it "should accept objects which extend String" do
+    class AlsoString < String
+    end
+
+    value = AlsoString.new('abc')
+    result = scope.function_upcase([value])
+    result.should(eq('ABC'))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/uriescape_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/uriescape_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..2321e5ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/uriescape_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the uriescape function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("uriescape")).to eq("function_uriescape")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_uriescape([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should uriescape a string" do
+    result = scope.function_uriescape([":/?#[]@!$&'()*+,;= \"{}"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(':/?%23[]@!$&\'()*+,;=%20%22%7B%7D'))
+  end
+
+  it "should do nothing if a string is already safe" do
+    result = scope.function_uriescape(["ABCdef"])
+    expect(result).to(eq('ABCdef'))
+  end
+
+  it "should accept objects which extend String" do
+    class AlsoString < String
+    end
+
+    value = AlsoString.new('abc')
+    result = scope.function_uriescape([value])
+    result.should(eq('abc'))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/validate_absolute_path_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/validate_absolute_path_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..36c836bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/validate_absolute_path_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe Puppet::Parser::Functions.function(:validate_absolute_path) do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  # The subject of these examples is the method itself.
+  subject do
+    # This makes sure the function is loaded within each test
+    function_name = Puppet::Parser::Functions.function(:validate_absolute_path)
+    scope.method(function_name)
+  end
+
+  describe "Valid Paths" do
+    def self.valid_paths
+      %w{
+        C:/
+        C:\\
+        C:\\WINDOWS\\System32
+        C:/windows/system32
+        X:/foo/bar
+        X:\\foo\\bar
+        /var/tmp
+        /var/lib/puppet
+        /var/opt/../lib/puppet
+      }
+    end
+
+    context "Without Puppet::Util.absolute_path? (e.g. Puppet <= 2.6)" do
+      before :each do
+        # The intent here is to mock Puppet to behave like Puppet 2.6 does.
+        # Puppet 2.6 does not have the absolute_path? method.  This is only a
+        # convenience test, stdlib should be run with the Puppet 2.6.x in the
+        # $LOAD_PATH in addition to 2.7.x and master.
+        Puppet::Util.expects(:respond_to?).with(:absolute_path?).returns(false)
+      end
+      valid_paths.each do |path|
+        it "validate_absolute_path(#{path.inspect}) should not fail" do
+          expect { subject.call [path] }.not_to raise_error
+        end
+      end
+      valid_paths do
+        it "validate_absolute_path(#{valid_paths.inspect}) should not fail" do
+          expect { subject.call [valid_paths] }.not_to raise_error
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    context "Puppet without mocking" do
+      valid_paths.each do |path|
+        it "validate_absolute_path(#{path.inspect}) should not fail" do
+          expect { subject.call [path] }.not_to raise_error
+        end
+      end
+      valid_paths do
+        it "validate_absolute_path(#{valid_paths.inspect}) should not fail" do
+          expect { subject.call [valid_paths] }.not_to raise_error
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe 'Invalid paths' do
+    context 'Garbage inputs' do
+      [
+        nil,
+        [ nil ],
+        [ nil, nil ],
+        { 'foo' => 'bar' },
+        { },
+        '',
+      ].each do |path|
+        it "validate_absolute_path(#{path.inspect}) should fail" do
+          expect { subject.call [path] }.to raise_error Puppet::ParseError
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'Relative paths' do
+      def self.rel_paths 
+        %w{
+          relative1
+          .
+          ..
+          ./foo
+          ../foo
+          etc/puppetlabs/puppet
+          opt/puppet/bin
+        }
+      end
+      rel_paths.each do |path|
+        it "validate_absolute_path(#{path.inspect}) should fail" do
+          expect { subject.call [path] }.to raise_error Puppet::ParseError
+        end
+      end
+      rel_paths do
+        it "validate_absolute_path(#{rel_paths.inspect}) should fail" do
+          expect { subject.call [rel_paths] }.to raise_error Puppet::ParseError
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
+
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/validate_array_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/validate_array_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..4b31cfde
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/validate_array_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe Puppet::Parser::Functions.function(:validate_array) do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+  describe 'when calling validate_array from puppet' do
+
+    %w{ true false }.each do |the_string|
+      it "should not compile when #{the_string} is a string" do
+        Puppet[:code] = "validate_array('#{the_string}')"
+        expect { scope.compiler.compile }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /is not an Array/)
+      end
+
+      it "should not compile when #{the_string} is a bare word" do
+        Puppet[:code] = "validate_array(#{the_string})"
+        expect { scope.compiler.compile }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /is not an Array/)
+      end
+    end
+
+    it "should compile when multiple array arguments are passed" do
+      Puppet[:code] = <<-'ENDofPUPPETcode'
+        $foo = [ ]
+        $bar = [ 'one', 'two' ]
+        validate_array($foo, $bar)
+      ENDofPUPPETcode
+      scope.compiler.compile
+    end
+
+    it "should not compile when an undef variable is passed" do
+      Puppet[:code] = <<-'ENDofPUPPETcode'
+        $foo = undef
+        validate_array($foo)
+      ENDofPUPPETcode
+      expect { scope.compiler.compile }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /is not an Array/)
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/validate_augeas_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/validate_augeas_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..c695ba2e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/validate_augeas_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe Puppet::Parser::Functions.function(:validate_augeas), :if => Puppet.features.augeas? do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  # The subject of these examplres is the method itself.
+  subject do
+    # This makes sure the function is loaded within each test
+    function_name = Puppet::Parser::Functions.function(:validate_augeas)
+    scope.method(function_name)
+  end
+
+  context 'Using Puppet::Parser::Scope.new' do
+
+    describe 'Garbage inputs' do
+      inputs = [
+        [ nil ],
+        [ [ nil ] ],
+        [ { 'foo' => 'bar' } ],
+        [ { } ],
+        [ '' ],
+        [ "one", "one", "MSG to User", "4th arg" ],
+      ]
+
+      inputs.each do |input|
+        it "validate_augeas(#{input.inspect}) should fail" do
+          expect { subject.call [input] }.to raise_error Puppet::ParseError
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    describe 'Valid inputs' do
+      inputs = [
+        [ "root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash\n", 'Passwd.lns' ],
+        [ "proc /proc   proc    nodev,noexec,nosuid     0       0\n", 'Fstab.lns'],
+      ]
+
+      inputs.each do |input|
+        it "validate_augeas(#{input.inspect}) should not fail" do
+          expect { subject.call input }.not_to raise_error
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    describe "Valid inputs which should raise an exception without a message" do
+      # The intent here is to make sure valid inputs raise exceptions when they
+      # don't specify an error message to display.  This is the behvior in
+      # 2.2.x and prior.
+      inputs = [
+        [ "root:x:0:0:root\n", 'Passwd.lns' ],
+        [ "127.0.1.1\n", 'Hosts.lns' ],
+      ]
+
+      inputs.each do |input|
+        it "validate_augeas(#{input.inspect}) should fail" do
+          expect { subject.call input }.to raise_error /validate_augeas.*?matched less than it should/
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    describe "Nicer Error Messages" do
+      # The intent here is to make sure the function returns the 3rd argument
+      # in the exception thrown
+      inputs = [
+        [ "root:x:0:0:root\n", 'Passwd.lns', [], 'Failed to validate passwd content' ],
+        [ "127.0.1.1\n", 'Hosts.lns', [], 'Wrong hosts content' ],
+      ]
+
+      inputs.each do |input|
+        it "validate_augeas(#{input.inspect}) should fail" do
+          expect { subject.call input }.to raise_error /#{input[2]}/
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    describe "Passing simple unit tests" do
+      inputs = [
+        [ "root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash\n", 'Passwd.lns', ['$file/foobar']],
+        [ "root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash\n", 'Passwd.lns', ['$file/root/shell[.="/bin/sh"]', 'foobar']],
+      ]
+
+      inputs.each do |input|
+        it "validate_augeas(#{input.inspect}) should fail" do
+          expect { subject.call input }.not_to raise_error
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    describe "Failing simple unit tests" do
+      inputs = [
+        [ "foobar:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash\n", 'Passwd.lns', ['$file/foobar']],
+        [ "root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/sh\n", 'Passwd.lns', ['$file/root/shell[.="/bin/sh"]', 'foobar']],
+      ]
+
+      inputs.each do |input|
+        it "validate_augeas(#{input.inspect}) should fail" do
+          expect { subject.call input }.to raise_error /testing path/
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/validate_bool_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/validate_bool_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..a352d3b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/validate_bool_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe Puppet::Parser::Functions.function(:validate_bool) do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+  describe 'when calling validate_bool from puppet' do
+
+    %w{ true false }.each do |the_string|
+
+      it "should not compile when #{the_string} is a string" do
+        Puppet[:code] = "validate_bool('#{the_string}')"
+        expect { scope.compiler.compile }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /is not a boolean/)
+      end
+
+      it "should compile when #{the_string} is a bare word" do
+        Puppet[:code] = "validate_bool(#{the_string})"
+        scope.compiler.compile
+      end
+
+    end
+
+    it "should not compile when an arbitrary string is passed" do
+      Puppet[:code] = 'validate_bool("jeff and dan are awesome")'
+      expect { scope.compiler.compile }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /is not a boolean/)
+    end
+
+    it "should not compile when no arguments are passed" do
+      Puppet[:code] = 'validate_bool()'
+      expect { scope.compiler.compile }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /wrong number of arguments/)
+    end
+
+    it "should compile when multiple boolean arguments are passed" do
+      Puppet[:code] = <<-'ENDofPUPPETcode'
+        $foo = true
+        $bar = false
+        validate_bool($foo, $bar, true, false)
+      ENDofPUPPETcode
+      scope.compiler.compile
+    end
+
+    it "should compile when multiple boolean arguments are passed" do
+      Puppet[:code] = <<-'ENDofPUPPETcode'
+        $foo = true
+        $bar = false
+        validate_bool($foo, $bar, true, false, 'jeff')
+      ENDofPUPPETcode
+      expect { scope.compiler.compile }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /is not a boolean/)
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/validate_cmd_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/validate_cmd_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..7cb9782d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/validate_cmd_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+TESTEXE = File.exists?('/usr/bin/test') ? '/usr/bin/test' : '/bin/test'
+TOUCHEXE = File.exists?('/usr/bin/touch') ? '/usr/bin/touch' : '/bin/touch'
+
+describe Puppet::Parser::Functions.function(:validate_cmd) do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  subject do
+    function_name = Puppet::Parser::Functions.function(:validate_cmd)
+    scope.method(function_name)
+  end
+
+  context 'with no % placeholder' do
+    describe "with an explicit failure message" do
+      it "prints the failure message on error" do
+        expect {
+          subject.call ['', '/bin/false', 'failure message!']
+        }.to raise_error Puppet::ParseError, /failure message!/
+      end
+    end
+
+    describe "on validation failure" do
+      it "includes the command error output" do
+        expect {
+          subject.call ['', "#{TOUCHEXE} /cant/touch/this"]
+        }.to raise_error Puppet::ParseError, /(cannot touch|o such file or)/
+      end
+
+      it "includes the command return value" do
+        expect {
+          subject.call ['', '/cant/run/this']
+        }.to raise_error Puppet::ParseError, /returned 1\b/
+      end
+    end
+
+    describe "when performing actual validation" do
+      it "can positively validate file content" do
+        expect { subject.call ["non-empty", "#{TESTEXE} -s"] }.to_not raise_error
+      end
+
+      it "can negatively validate file content" do
+        expect {
+          subject.call ["", "#{TESTEXE} -s"]
+        }.to raise_error Puppet::ParseError, /failed to validate.*test -s/
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  context 'with % placeholder' do
+    describe "with an explicit failure message" do
+      it "prints the failure message on error" do
+        expect {
+          subject.call ['', '/bin/false % -f', 'failure message!']
+        }.to raise_error Puppet::ParseError, /failure message!/
+      end
+    end
+    describe "on validation failure" do
+      it "includes the command error output" do
+        expect {
+          subject.call ['', "#{TOUCHEXE} /cant/touch/this"]
+        }.to raise_error Puppet::ParseError, /(cannot touch|o such file or)/
+      end
+
+      it "includes the command return value" do
+        expect {
+          subject.call ['', '/cant/run/this % -z']
+        }.to raise_error Puppet::ParseError, /Execution of '\/cant\/run\/this .+ -z' returned 1/
+      end
+    end
+
+    describe "when performing actual validation" do
+      it "can positively validate file content" do
+        expect { subject.call ["non-empty", "#{TESTEXE} -s %"] }.to_not raise_error
+      end
+
+      it "can negatively validate file content" do
+        expect {
+          subject.call ["", "#{TESTEXE} -s %"]
+        }.to raise_error Puppet::ParseError, /failed to validate.*test -s/
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/validate_hash_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/validate_hash_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..a0c35c23
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/validate_hash_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe Puppet::Parser::Functions.function(:validate_hash) do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  describe 'when calling validate_hash from puppet' do
+
+    %w{ true false }.each do |the_string|
+
+      it "should not compile when #{the_string} is a string" do
+        Puppet[:code] = "validate_hash('#{the_string}')"
+        expect { scope.compiler.compile }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /is not a Hash/)
+      end
+
+      it "should not compile when #{the_string} is a bare word" do
+        Puppet[:code] = "validate_hash(#{the_string})"
+        expect { scope.compiler.compile }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /is not a Hash/)
+      end
+
+    end
+
+    it "should compile when multiple hash arguments are passed" do
+      Puppet[:code] = <<-'ENDofPUPPETcode'
+        $foo = {}
+        $bar = { 'one' => 'two' }
+        validate_hash($foo, $bar)
+      ENDofPUPPETcode
+      scope.compiler.compile
+    end
+
+    it "should not compile when an undef variable is passed" do
+      Puppet[:code] = <<-'ENDofPUPPETcode'
+        $foo = undef
+        validate_hash($foo)
+      ENDofPUPPETcode
+      expect { scope.compiler.compile }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /is not a Hash/)
+    end
+
+  end
+
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/validate_ipv4_address_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/validate_ipv4_address_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..45401a42
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/validate_ipv4_address_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+
+require "spec_helper"
+
+describe Puppet::Parser::Functions.function(:validate_ipv4_address) do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  describe "when calling validate_ipv4_address from puppet" do
+    describe "when given IPv4 address strings" do
+      it "should compile with one argument" do
+        Puppet[:code] = "validate_ipv4_address('1.2.3.4')"
+        scope.compiler.compile
+      end
+
+      it "should compile with multiple arguments" do
+        Puppet[:code] = "validate_ipv4_address('1.2.3.4', '5.6.7.8')"
+        scope.compiler.compile
+      end
+    end
+
+    describe "when given an IPv6 address" do
+      it "should not compile" do
+        Puppet[:code] = "validate_ipv4_address('3ffe:505')"
+        expect {
+          scope.compiler.compile
+        }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /not a valid IPv4 address/)
+      end
+    end
+
+    describe "when given other strings" do
+      it "should not compile" do
+        Puppet[:code] = "validate_ipv4_address('hello', 'world')"
+        expect {
+          scope.compiler.compile
+        }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /not a valid IPv4 address/)
+      end
+    end
+
+    describe "when given numbers" do
+      it "should not compile" do
+        Puppet[:code] = "validate_ipv4_address(1, 2)"
+        expect {
+          scope.compiler.compile
+        }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /is not a valid IPv4 address/)
+      end
+    end
+
+    describe "when given booleans" do
+      it "should not compile" do
+        Puppet[:code] = "validate_ipv4_address(true, false)"
+        expect {
+          scope.compiler.compile
+        }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /is not a string/)
+      end
+    end
+
+    it "should not compile when no arguments are passed" do
+      Puppet[:code] = "validate_ipv4_address()"
+      expect {
+        scope.compiler.compile
+      }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /wrong number of arguments/)
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/validate_ipv6_address_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/validate_ipv6_address_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..a839d902
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/validate_ipv6_address_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+
+require "spec_helper"
+
+describe Puppet::Parser::Functions.function(:validate_ipv6_address) do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  describe "when calling validate_ipv6_address from puppet" do
+    describe "when given IPv6 address strings" do
+      it "should compile with one argument" do
+        Puppet[:code] = "validate_ipv6_address('3ffe:0505:0002::')"
+        scope.compiler.compile
+      end
+
+      it "should compile with multiple arguments" do
+        Puppet[:code] = "validate_ipv6_address('3ffe:0505:0002::', '3ffe:0505:0001::')"
+        scope.compiler.compile
+      end
+    end
+
+    describe "when given an ipv4 address" do
+      it "should not compile" do
+        Puppet[:code] = "validate_ipv6_address('1.2.3.4')"
+        expect {
+          scope.compiler.compile
+        }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /not a valid IPv6 address/)
+      end
+    end
+
+    describe "when given other strings" do
+      it "should not compile" do
+        Puppet[:code] = "validate_ipv6_address('hello', 'world')"
+        expect {
+          scope.compiler.compile
+        }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /not a valid IPv6 address/)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # 1.8.7 is EOL'd and also absolutely insane about ipv6
+    unless RUBY_VERSION == '1.8.7'
+      describe "when given numbers" do
+        it "should not compile" do
+          Puppet[:code] = "validate_ipv6_address(1, 2)"
+          expect {
+            scope.compiler.compile
+          }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /not a valid IPv6 address/)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    describe "when given booleans" do
+      it "should not compile" do
+        Puppet[:code] = "validate_ipv6_address(true, false)"
+        expect {
+          scope.compiler.compile
+        }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /is not a string/)
+      end
+    end
+
+    it "should not compile when no arguments are passed" do
+      Puppet[:code] = "validate_ipv6_address()"
+      expect {
+        scope.compiler.compile
+      }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /wrong number of arguments/)
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/validate_re_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/validate_re_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..d29988bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/validate_re_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe Puppet::Parser::Functions.function(:validate_re) do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  # The subject of these examplres is the method itself.
+  subject do
+    # This makes sure the function is loaded within each test
+    function_name = Puppet::Parser::Functions.function(:validate_re)
+    scope.method(function_name)
+  end
+
+  context 'Using Puppet::Parser::Scope.new' do
+
+    describe 'Garbage inputs' do
+      inputs = [
+        [ nil ],
+        [ [ nil ] ],
+        [ { 'foo' => 'bar' } ],
+        [ { } ],
+        [ '' ],
+        [ "one", "one", "MSG to User", "4th arg" ],
+      ]
+
+      inputs.each do |input|
+        it "validate_re(#{input.inspect}) should fail" do
+          expect { subject.call [input] }.to raise_error Puppet::ParseError
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    describe 'Valid inputs' do
+      inputs = [
+        [ '/full/path/to/something', '^/full' ],
+        [ '/full/path/to/something', 'full' ],
+        [ '/full/path/to/something', ['full', 'absent'] ],
+        [ '/full/path/to/something', ['full', 'absent'], 'Message to the user' ],
+      ]
+
+      inputs.each do |input|
+        it "validate_re(#{input.inspect}) should not fail" do
+          expect { subject.call input }.not_to raise_error
+        end
+      end
+    end
+    describe "Valid inputs which should raise an exception without a message" do
+      # The intent here is to make sure valid inputs raise exceptions when they
+      # don't specify an error message to display.  This is the behvior in
+      # 2.2.x and prior.
+      inputs = [
+        [ "hello", [ "bye", "later", "adios" ] ],
+        [ "greetings", "salutations" ],
+      ]
+
+      inputs.each do |input|
+        it "validate_re(#{input.inspect}) should fail" do
+          expect { subject.call input }.to raise_error /validate_re.*?does not match/
+        end
+      end
+    end
+    describe "Nicer Error Messages" do
+      # The intent here is to make sure the function returns the 3rd argument
+      # in the exception thrown
+      inputs = [
+        [ "hello", [ "bye", "later", "adios" ], "MSG to User" ],
+        [ "greetings", "salutations", "Error, greetings does not match salutations" ],
+      ]
+
+      inputs.each do |input|
+        it "validate_re(#{input.inspect}) should fail" do
+          expect { subject.call input }.to raise_error /#{input[2]}/
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/validate_slength_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/validate_slength_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..e23f61a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/validate_slength_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the validate_slength function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("validate_slength")).to eq("function_validate_slength")
+  end
+
+  describe "validating the input argument types" do
+    it "raises an error if there are less than two arguments" do
+      expect { scope.function_validate_slength([]) }.to raise_error Puppet::ParseError, /Wrong number of arguments/
+    end
+
+    it "raises an error if there are more than three arguments" do
+      expect { scope.function_validate_slength(['input', 1, 2, 3]) }.to raise_error Puppet::ParseError, /Wrong number of arguments/
+    end
+
+    it "raises an error if the first argument is not a string" do
+      expect { scope.function_validate_slength([Object.new, 2, 1]) }.to raise_error Puppet::ParseError, /Expected first argument.*got .*Object/
+    end
+
+    it "raises an error if the second argument cannot be cast to an Integer" do
+      expect { scope.function_validate_slength(['input', Object.new]) }.to raise_error Puppet::ParseError, /Expected second argument.*got .*Object/
+    end
+
+    it "raises an error if the third argument cannot be cast to an Integer" do
+      expect { scope.function_validate_slength(['input', 1, Object.new]) }.to raise_error Puppet::ParseError, /Expected third argument.*got .*Object/
+    end
+
+    it "raises an error if the second argument is smaller than the third argument" do
+      expect { scope.function_validate_slength(['input', 1, 2]) }.to raise_error Puppet::ParseError, /Expected second argument to be larger than third argument/
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "validating the input string length" do
+    describe "when the input is a string" do
+      it "fails validation if the string is larger than the max length" do
+        expect { scope.function_validate_slength(['input', 1]) }.to raise_error Puppet::ParseError, /Expected length .* between 0 and 1, was 5/
+      end
+
+      it "fails validation if the string is less than the min length" do
+        expect { scope.function_validate_slength(['input', 10, 6]) }.to raise_error Puppet::ParseError, /Expected length .* between 6 and 10, was 5/
+      end
+
+      it "doesn't raise an error if the string is under the max length" do
+        scope.function_validate_slength(['input', 10])
+      end
+
+      it "doesn't raise an error if the string is equal to the max length" do
+        scope.function_validate_slength(['input', 5])
+      end
+
+      it "doesn't raise an error if the string is equal to the min length" do
+        scope.function_validate_slength(['input', 10, 5])
+      end
+    end
+
+    describe "when the input is an array" do
+      it "fails validation if one of the array elements is not a string" do
+        expect { scope.function_validate_slength([["a", "b", Object.new], 2]) }.to raise_error Puppet::ParseError, /Expected element at array position 2 .*String, got .*Object/
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/validate_string_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/validate_string_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..3b4fb3e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/validate_string_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe Puppet::Parser::Functions.function(:validate_string) do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  describe 'when calling validate_string from puppet' do
+
+    %w{ foo bar baz }.each do |the_string|
+
+      it "should compile when #{the_string} is a string" do
+        Puppet[:code] = "validate_string('#{the_string}')"
+        scope.compiler.compile
+      end
+
+      it "should compile when #{the_string} is a bare word" do
+        Puppet[:code] = "validate_string(#{the_string})"
+        scope.compiler.compile
+      end
+
+    end
+
+    %w{ true false }.each do |the_string|
+      it "should compile when #{the_string} is a string" do
+        Puppet[:code] = "validate_string('#{the_string}')"
+        scope.compiler.compile
+      end
+
+      it "should not compile when #{the_string} is a bare word" do
+        Puppet[:code] = "validate_string(#{the_string})"
+        expect { scope.compiler.compile }.to raise_error(Puppet::ParseError, /is not a string/)
+      end
+    end
+
+    it "should compile when multiple string arguments are passed" do
+      Puppet[:code] = <<-'ENDofPUPPETcode'
+        $foo = ''
+        $bar = 'two'
+        validate_string($foo, $bar)
+      ENDofPUPPETcode
+      scope.compiler.compile
+    end
+
+    it "should compile when an explicitly undef variable is passed (NOTE THIS MAY NOT BE DESIRABLE)" do
+      Puppet[:code] = <<-'ENDofPUPPETcode'
+        $foo = undef
+        validate_string($foo)
+      ENDofPUPPETcode
+      scope.compiler.compile
+    end
+
+    it "should compile when an undefined variable is passed (NOTE THIS MAY NOT BE DESIRABLE)" do
+      Puppet[:code] = <<-'ENDofPUPPETcode'
+        validate_string($foobarbazishouldnotexist)
+      ENDofPUPPETcode
+      scope.compiler.compile
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/values_at_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/values_at_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..86e3c31c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/values_at_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the values_at function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("values_at")).to eq("function_values_at")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_values_at([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if you try to use a range where stop is greater then start" do
+    expect { scope.function_values_at([['a','b'],["3-1"]]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should return a value at from an array" do
+    result = scope.function_values_at([['a','b','c'],"1"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(['b']))
+  end
+
+  it "should return a value at from an array when passed a range" do
+    result = scope.function_values_at([['a','b','c'],"0-1"])
+    expect(result).to(eq(['a','b']))
+  end
+
+  it "should return chosen values from an array when passed number of indexes" do
+    result = scope.function_values_at([['a','b','c'],["0","2"]])
+    expect(result).to(eq(['a','c']))
+  end
+
+  it "should return chosen values from an array when passed ranges and multiple indexes" do
+    result = scope.function_values_at([['a','b','c','d','e','f','g'],["0","2","4-5"]])
+    expect(result).to(eq(['a','c','e','f']))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/values_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/values_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..08d21b03
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/values_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the values function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should exist" do
+    expect(Puppet::Parser::Functions.function("values")).to eq("function_values")
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_values([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should return values from a hash" do
+    result = scope.function_values([{'a'=>'1','b'=>'2','c'=>'3'}])
+    # =~ is the RSpec::Matchers::MatchArray matcher.
+    # A.K.A. "array with same elements" (multiset) matching
+    expect(result).to match_array(%w{ 1 2 3 })
+  end
+
+  it "should return a multiset" do
+    result = scope.function_values([{'a'=>'1','b'=>'3','c'=>'3'}])
+    expect(result).to     match_array(%w{ 1 3 3 })
+    expect(result).not_to match_array(%w{ 1 3 })
+  end
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError unless a Hash is provided" do
+    expect { scope.function_values([['a','b','c']]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+end
diff --git a/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/zip_spec.rb b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/zip_spec.rb
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..f265fcee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/puppet/modules/stdlib/spec/functions/zip_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env ruby -S rspec
+require 'spec_helper'
+
+describe "the zip function" do
+  let(:scope) { PuppetlabsSpec::PuppetInternals.scope }
+
+  it "should raise a ParseError if there is less than 1 arguments" do
+    expect { scope.function_zip([]) }.to( raise_error(Puppet::ParseError))
+  end
+
+  it "should be able to zip an array" do
+    result = scope.function_zip([['1','2','3'],['4','5','6']])
+    expect(result).to(eq([["1", "4"], ["2", "5"], ["3", "6"]]))
+    result = scope.function_zip([['1','2','3'],['4','5','6'], false])
+    result.should(eq([["1", "4"], ["2", "5"], ["3", "6"]]))
+  end
+
+  it "should be able to zip an array and flatten" do
+    result = scope.function_zip([['1','2','3'],['4','5','6'], true])
+    result.should(eq(["1", "4", "2", "5", "3", "6"]))
+  end
+
+  it "should accept objects which extend String for the second argument" do
+    class AlsoString < String
+    end
+
+    value = AlsoString.new('false')
+    result = scope.function_zip([['1','2','3'],['4','5','6'],value])
+    result.should(eq([["1", "4"], ["2", "5"], ["3", "6"]]))
+  end
+end