diff options
| author | Micah Anderson <micah@leap.se> | 2014-12-23 16:33:49 -0500 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Micah Anderson <micah@leap.se> | 2014-12-23 16:33:49 -0500 |
| commit | fc9a8af17d927085486052a53233401c42b0caab (patch) | |
| tree | fd07b5b2ec8b32e82aa665dad117ee6e51791884 /doc | |
| parent | 8f9c8f32fce9e2f308d0cd2b92317fd753d79771 (diff) | |
update doc directory with current state from leap_doc0.6.0
Change-Id: I5b427b0e875b0e640051227cd1cdd51a52c72ac5
Diffstat (limited to 'doc')
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/details/couchdb.md | 57 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/details/development.md (renamed from doc/development.md) | 92 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/details/en.haml | 5 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/details/faq.md (renamed from doc/faq.md) | 18 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/details/under-the-hood.md (renamed from doc/under-the-hood.md) | 13 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/details/webapp.md | 282 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/en.md | 2 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/guide/commands.md (renamed from doc/commands.md) | 260 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/guide/config.md (renamed from doc/config.md) | 42 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/guide/en.haml | 6 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/guide/keys-and-certificates.md (renamed from doc/guide.md) | 96 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/guide/miscellaneous.md | 14 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/guide/nodes.md | 169 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/troubleshooting.md | 147 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/troubleshooting/en.haml | 5 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/troubleshooting/known-issues.md (renamed from doc/known-issues.md) | 35 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/troubleshooting/tests.md | 33 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/troubleshooting/where-to-look.md | 249 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/tutorials/en.haml | 5 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/tutorials/quick-start.md (renamed from doc/quick-start.md) | 118 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/tutorials/single-node.md | 343 |
21 files changed, 1569 insertions, 422 deletions
diff --git a/doc/details/couchdb.md b/doc/details/couchdb.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..afecf169 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/details/couchdb.md @@ -0,0 +1,57 @@ +@title = "CouchDB" + +Rebalance Cluster +================= + +Bigcouch currently does not have automatic rebalancing. +It will probably be added after merging into couchdb. +If you add a node, or remove one node from the cluster, + +. make sure you have a backup of all DBs ! + + /srv/leap/couchdb/scripts/couchdb_dumpall.sh + + +. delete all dbs +. shut down old node +. check the couchdb members + + curl -s —netrc-file /etc/couchdb/couchdb.netrc -X GET http://127.0.0.1:5986/nodes/_all_docs + curl -s —netrc-file /etc/couchdb/couchdb.netrc http://127.0.0.1:5984/_membership + + +. remove bigcouch from all nodes + + apt-get --purge remove bigcouch + + +. deploy to all couch nodes + + leap deploy development +couchdb + +. most likely, deploy will fail because bigcouch will complain about not all nodes beeing connected. Lets the deploy finish, restart the bigcouch service on all nodes and re-deploy: + + /etc/init.d/bigcouch restart + + +. restore the backup + + /srv/leap/couchdb/scripts/couchdb_restoreall.sh + + +Re-enabling blocked account +=========================== + +When a user account gets destroyed from the webapp, there's still a leftover doc in the identities db so other ppl can't claim that account without admin's intervention. Here's how you delete that doc and therefore enable registration for that particular account again: + +. grep the identities db for the email address: + + curl -s --netrc-file /etc/couchdb/couchdb.netrc -X GET http://127.0.0.1:5984/identities/_all_docs?include_docs=true|grep test_127@bitmask.net + + +. lookup "id" and "rev" to delete the doc: + + curl -s --netrc-file /etc/couchdb/couchdb.netrc -X DELETE 'http://127.0.0.1:5984/identities/b25cf10f935b58088f0d547fca823265?rev=2-715a9beba597a2ab01851676f12c3e4a' + + + diff --git a/doc/development.md b/doc/details/development.md index 7a761418..97f207ce 100644 --- a/doc/development.md +++ b/doc/details/development.md @@ -1,9 +1,10 @@ @title = "Development Environment" +@summary = "Setting up an environment for modifying the leap_platform." @toc = true -If you are wanting to make local changes to your provider, or want to contribute some fixes back to LEAP, we recommend that you follow this guide to build up a development environment to test your changes first. Using this method, you can quickly test your changes without deploying them to your production environment, while benefitting from the convenience of reverting to known good states in order to retry things from scratch. +If you are wanting to make local changes to your provider, or want to contribute some fixes back to LEAP, we recommend that you follow this guide to build up a development environment to test your changes first. Using this method, you can quickly test your changes without deploying them to your production environment, while benefitting from the convenience of reverting to known good states in order to retry things from scratch. -This page will walk you through setting up nodes using [Vagrant](http://www.vagrantup.com/) for convenient deployment testing, snapshotting known good states, and reverting to previous snapshots. +This page will walk you through setting up nodes using [Vagrant](http://www.vagrantup.com/) for convenient deployment testing, snapshotting known good states, and reverting to previous snapshots. Requirements ============ @@ -11,6 +12,7 @@ Requirements * Be a real machine with virtualization support in the CPU (VT-x or AMD-V). In other words, not a virtual machine. * Have at least 4gb of RAM. * Have a fast internet connection (because you will be downloading a lot of big files, like virtual machine images). +* You should do everything described below as an unprivileged user, and only run those commands as root that are noted with *sudo* in front of them. Other than those commands, there is no need for privileged access to your machine, and in fact things may not work correctly. Install prerequisites -------------------------------- @@ -29,24 +31,41 @@ Install core prerequisites: sudo apt-get install git ruby ruby-dev rsync openssh-client openssl rake make -Install Vagrant in order to be able to test with local virtual machines (typically optional, but required for this tutorial): +Install Vagrant in order to be able to test with local virtual machines (typically optional, but required for this tutorial). You probably want a more recent version directly from [vagrant.](https://www.vagrantup.com/downloads.htm) sudo apt-get install vagrant virtualbox -<!-- -*Mac OS* -1. Install rubygems from https://rubygems.org/pages/download (unless the `gem` command is already installed). -2. Install Vagrant.dmg from http://downloads.vagrantup.com/ ---> +*Mac OS X 10.9 (Mavericks)* + +Install Homebrew package manager from http://brew.sh/ and enable the [System Duplicates Repository](https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew/wiki/Interesting-Taps-&-Branches) (needed to update old software versions delivered by Apple) with + + brew tap homebrew/dupes + +Update OpenSSH to support ECDSA keys. Follow [this guide](http://www.dctrwatson.com/2013/07/how-to-update-openssh-on-mac-os-x/) to let your system use the Homebrew binary. + + brew install openssh --with-brewed-openssl --with-keychain-support + +The certtool provided by Apple it's really old, install the one provided by GnuTLS and shadow the system's default. + + sudo brew install gnutls + ln -sf /usr/local/bin/gnutls-certtool /usr/local/bin/certool + +Install the Vagrant and VirtualBox packages for OS X from their respective Download pages. + +* http://www.vagrantup.com/downloads.html +* https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads + + +2. Install Adding development nodes to your provider ========================================= -Now you will add local-only Vagrant development nodes to your provider. +Now you will add local-only Vagrant development nodes to your provider. -You do not need to setup a different provider instance for development, in fact it is more convenient if you do not, but you can if you wish. If you do not have a provider already, you will need to create one and configure it before continuing (it is recommended you go through the [Quick Start](quick-start) before continuing down this path). +You do not need to setup a different provider instance for development, in fact it is more convenient if you do not, but you can if you wish. If you do not have a provider already, you will need to create one and configure it before continuing (it is recommended you go through the [Quick Start](quick-start) before continuing down this path). Create local development nodes @@ -62,16 +81,16 @@ While in your provider directory, create a local node, with the service "webapp" = created files/nodes/web1/web1.key = created files/nodes/web1/web1.crt -This command creates a node configuration file in `nodes/web1.json` with the webapp service. +This command creates a node configuration file in `nodes/web1.json` with the webapp service. Starting local development nodes -------------------------------- In order to test the node "web1" we need to start it. Starting a node for the first time will spin up a virtual machine. The first time you do this will take some time because it will need to download a VM image (about 700mb). After you've downloaded the base image, you will not need to download it again, and instead you will re-use the downloaded image (until you need to update the image). -NOTE: Many people have difficulties getting Vagrant working. If the following commands do not work, please visit the [Vagrant page](vagrant) to troubleshoot your Vagrant install before proceeding. +NOTE: Many people have difficulties getting Vagrant working. If the following commands do not work, please see the Vagrant section below to troubleshoot your Vagrant install before proceeding. - $ leap local start web + $ leap local start web1 = created test/ = created test/Vagrantfile = installing vagrant plugin 'sahara' @@ -123,7 +142,7 @@ You now can follow the normal LEAP process and initialize it and then deploy you Useful local development commands ================================= -There are many useful things you can do with a virtualized development environment. +There are many useful things you can do with a virtualized development environment. Listing what machines are running --------------------------------- @@ -150,21 +169,22 @@ It is not recommended that you leave your virtual machines running when you are Connecting to machines ---------------------- -You can connect to your local nodes just like you do with normal LEAP nodes, by running 'leap ssh node'. +You can connect to your local nodes just like you do with normal LEAP nodes, by running 'leap ssh node'. However, if you cannot connect to your local node, because the networking is not setup properly, or you have deployed a firewall that locks you out, you may need to access the graphical console. -In order to do that, you will need to configure Vagrant to launch a graphical console and then you can login as root there to diagnose the networking problem. To do this, add the following to you -$HOME/.leaprc: +In order to do that, you will need to configure Vagrant to launch a graphical console and then you can login as root there to diagnose the networking problem. To do this, add the following to your $HOME/.leaprc: - @custom_vagrant_vm_line = 'config.vm.boot_mode = :gui' + @custom_vagrant_vm_line = 'config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |v| + v.gui = true + end' and then start, or restart, your local Vagrant node. You should get a VirtualBox graphical interface presented to you showing you the bootup and eventually the login. Snapshotting machines --------------------- -A very useful feature of local Vagrant development nodes is the ability to snapshot the current state and then revert to that when you need. +A very useful feature of local Vagrant development nodes is the ability to snapshot the current state and then revert to that when you need. For example, perhaps the base image is a little bit out of date and you want to get the packages updated to the latest before continuing. You can do that simply by starting the node, connecting to it and updating the packages and then snapshotting the node: @@ -190,13 +210,18 @@ Limitations Please consult the known issues for vagrant, see the [Known Issues](known-issues), section *Special Environments* +Other useful plugins +==================== + +. The vagrant-cachier (plugin http://fgrehm.viewdocs.io/vagrant-cachier/) lets you cache .deb packages on your hosts so they are not downloaded by multiple machines over and over again, after resetting to a previous state. + Troubleshooting Vagrant ======================= To troubleshoot vagrant issues, try going through these steps: * Try plain vagrant using the [Getting started guide](http://docs.vagrantup.com/v2/getting-started/index.html). -* If that fails, make sure that you can run virtual machines (VMs) in plain virtualbox (Virtualbox GUI or VBoxHeadless). +* If that fails, make sure that you can run virtual machines (VMs) in plain virtualbox (Virtualbox GUI or VBoxHeadless). We don't suggest a sepecial howto for that, [this one](http://www.thegeekstuff.com/2012/02/virtualbox-install-create-vm/) seems pretty decent, or you follow the [Oracale Virtualbox User Manual](http://www.virtualbox.org/manual/UserManual.html). There's also specific documentation for [Debian](https://wiki.debian.org/VirtualBox) and for [Ubuntu](https://help.ubuntu.com/community/VirtualBox). If you succeeded, try again if you now can start vagrant nodes using plain vagrant (see first step). * If plain vagrant works for you, you're very close to using vagrant with leap ! If you encounter any problems now, please [contact us](https://leap.se/en/about-us/contact) or use our [issue tracker](https://leap.se/code) @@ -217,25 +242,37 @@ Ubuntu Raring 13.04 * `virtualbox 4.2.10-dfsg-0ubuntu2.1` from Ubuntu raring and `vagrant 1.2.2` from vagrantup.com +Mac OS X 10.9 +------------- + +* `VirtualBox 4.3.10` from virtualbox.org and `vagrant 1.5.4` from vagrantup.com + Using Vagrant with libvirt/kvm ============================== -Vagrant can be used with different providers/backends, one of them is [vagrant-libvirt](https://github.com/pradels/vagrant-libvirt). Here are the steps how to use it. Be sure to use a recent vagrant version (>= 1.3). +Vagrant can be used with different providers/backends, one of them is [vagrant-libvirt](https://github.com/pradels/vagrant-libvirt). Here are the steps how to use it. Be sure to use a recent vagrant version for the vagrant-libvirt plugin (>= 1.5, which can only be fetched from http://www.vagrantup.com/downloads.html at this moment). Install vagrant-libvirt plugin and add box ------------------------------------------ sudo apt-get install libvirt-bin libvirt-dev + # you need to assign the new 'libvirtd' group to your user in a running x session, or logout and login again: + newgrp libvirtd + # to build the vagrant-libvirt plugin you need the following packages: + sudo apt-get install ruby-dev libxslt-dev libxml2-dev libvirt-dev vagrant plugin install vagrant-libvirt - vagrant plugin install sahara - vagrant box add leap-wheezy https://downloads.leap.se/leap-debian-libvirt.box + vagrant plugin install sahara + vagrant box add leap-wheezy https://downloads.leap.se/platform/vagrant/libvirt/leap-wheezy.box --provider libvirt +Remove Virtualbox +----------------- + sudo apt-get remove virtualbox* Debugging --------- If you get an error in any of the above commands, try to get some debugging information, it will often tell you what is wrong. In order to get debugging logs, you simply need to re-run the command that produced the error but prepend the command with VAGRANT_LOG=info, for example: - VAGRANT_LOG=info vagrant box add leap-wheezy https://downloads.leap.se/leap-debian-libvirt.box + VAGRANT_LOG=info vagrant box add leap-wheezy https://downloads.leap.se/platform/vagrant/libvirt/leap-wheezy.box Start it -------- @@ -259,7 +296,7 @@ Then: If everything works, you should export libvirt as the VAGRANT_DEFAULT_PROVIDER: - export VAGRANT_DEFAULT_PROVIDER="libvirt" + export VAGRANT_DEFAULT_PROVIDER="libvirt" Now you should be able to use the `leap local` commands. @@ -268,5 +305,10 @@ Known Issues * 'Call to virConnectOpen failed: internal error: Unable to locate libvirtd daemon in /usr/sbin (to override, set $LIBVIRTD_PATH to the name of the libvirtd binary)' - you don't have the libvirtd daemon running or installed, be sure you installed the 'libvirt-bin' package and it is running * 'Call to virConnectOpen failed: Failed to connect socket to '/var/run/libvirt/libvirt-sock': Permission denied' - you need to be in the libvirt group to access the socket, do 'sudo adduser <user> libvirt' and then re-login to your session +* if each call to vagrant ends up with a segfault, it may be because you still have virtualbox around. if so, remove virtualbox to keep only libvirt + KVM. according to https://github.com/pradels/vagrant-libvirt/issues/75 having two virtualization engines installed simultaneously can lead to such weird issues. * see the [vagrant-libvirt issue list on github](https://github.com/pradels/vagrant-libvirt/issues) * be sure to use vagrant-libvirt >= 0.0.11 and sahara >= 0.0.16 (which are the latest stable gems you would get with `vagrant plugin install [vagrant-libvirt|sahara]`) for proper libvirt support +* for shared folder support, you need nfs-kernel-server installed on the host machine and set up sudo to allow unpriviledged users to modify /etc/exports. See [vagrant-libvirt#synced-folders](https://github.com/pradels/vagrant-libvirt#synced-folders) + + + sudo apt-get install nfs-kernel-server diff --git a/doc/details/en.haml b/doc/details/en.haml new file mode 100644 index 00000000..2f59f3f2 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/details/en.haml @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +- @title = "Details" + +%h1.first Platform Details + += child_summaries
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/doc/faq.md b/doc/details/faq.md index 2654ce80..57afb6c4 100644 --- a/doc/faq.md +++ b/doc/details/faq.md @@ -1,7 +1,16 @@ @title = 'Frequently asked questions' @nav_title = 'FAQ' +@summary = "Frequently Asked Questions" @toc = true +APT +=============== + +What do I do when unattended upgrades fail? +-------------------------------------------------- + +When you receive notification e-mails with a subject of 'unattended-upgrades result for $machinename', that means that some package couldn't be automatically upgraded and needs manual interaction. The reasons vary, so you have to be careful. Most often you can simply login to the affected machine and run `apt-get dist-upgrade`. + Puppet ====== @@ -23,8 +32,11 @@ Log into your server and issue: How can i customize the leap_platform puppet manifests ? -------------------------------------------------------- -You can create a custom module `site_custom`. The class `site_custom::setup` will get -included in the first part of the deploy process, and `site_custom` during the second part. +You can create custom puppet modules under `files/puppet`. +The custom puppet entry point is in class 'custom' which can be put into +`files/puppet/modules/custom/manifests/init.pp`. This class gets automatically included +by site_config::default, which is applied to all nodes. + Of cause you can also create a different git branch and change whatever you want, if you are familiar wit git. @@ -37,7 +49,7 @@ How can i see custom facts distributed by leap_platform on a node ? On the server, export the FACTERLIB env. variable to include the path of the custom fact in question: export FACTERLIB=/var/lib/puppet/lib/facter:/srv/leap/puppet/modules/stdlib/lib/facter/ - facter + facter Etc diff --git a/doc/under-the-hood.md b/doc/details/under-the-hood.md index 080a153e..dcbddb3e 100644 --- a/doc/under-the-hood.md +++ b/doc/details/under-the-hood.md @@ -1,22 +1,11 @@ @title = "Under the hood" +@summary = "Various implementation details." This page contains various details on the how the platform is implemented. You can safely ignore this page, although it may be useful if you plan to make modifications to the platform. Puppet Details ====================================== -Run stages ----------- - -We use two run stages for resource ordering: - -* initial: configure hostname, apt-get update + apt-get dist-upgrade -* main: everything else - -Stage initial is run before stage main. - -see http://docs.puppetlabs.com/puppet/2.7/reference/lang_run_stages.html for run stage documentation. - Tags ---- diff --git a/doc/details/webapp.md b/doc/details/webapp.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..2b078af4 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/details/webapp.md @@ -0,0 +1,282 @@ +@title = 'LEAP Web' +@summary = 'The web component of the LEAP Platform, providing user management, support desk, documentation and more.' +@toc = true + +Introduction +=================== + +"LEAP Web" is the webapp component of the LEAP Platform, providing the following services: + +* REST API for user registration. +* Admin interface to manage users. +* Client certificate distribution and renewal. +* User support help tickets. +* Billing +* Customizable and Localized user documentation + +This web application is written in Ruby on Rails 3, using CouchDB as the backend data store. + +It is licensed under the GNU Affero General Public License (version 3.0 or higher). See http://www.gnu.org/licenses/agpl-3.0.html for more information. + +Known problems +==================== + +* Client certificates are generated without a CSR. The problem is that this makes the web + application extremely vulnerable to denial of service attacks. This was not an issue until we + started to allow the possibility of anonymously fetching a client certificate without + authenticating first. + +* By its very nature, the user database is vulnerable to enumeration attacks. These are + very hard to prevent, because our protocol is designed to allow query of a user database via + proxy in order to provide network perspective. + +Integration +=========== + +LEAP web is part of the leap platform. Most of the time it will be customized and deployed in that context. This section describes the integration of LEAP web in the wider framework. The Development section focusses on development of LEAP web itself. + +Configuration & Customization +------------------------------ + +The customization of the webapp for a leap provider happens via two means: + * configuration settings in services/webapp.json + * custom files in files/webapp + +### Configuration Settings + +The webapp ships with a fairly large set of default settings for all environments. They are stored in config/defaults.yml. During deploy the platform creates config/config.yml from the settings in services/webapp.json. These settings will overwrite the defaults. + +### Custom Files + +Any file placed in files/webapp in the providers repository will overwrite the content of config/customization in the webapp. These files will override files of the same name. + +This mechanism allows customizing basically all aspects of the webapp. +See files/webapp/README.md in the providers repository for more. + +### Provider Information ### + +The leap client fetches provider information via json files from the server. The platform prepares that information and stores it in the webapp in public/1/config/*.json. (1 being the current API version). + +Provider Documentation +------------- + +LEAP web already comes with a bit of user documentation. It mostly resides in app/views/pages and thus can be overwritten by adding files to files/webapp/views/pages in the provider repository. You probably want to add your own Terms of Services and Privacy Policy here. +The webapp will render haml, erb and markdown templates and pick translated content from localized files such as privacy_policy.es.md. In order to add or remove languages you have to modify the available_locales setting in the config. (See Configuration Settings above) + +Development +=========== + +Installation +--------------------------- + +Typically, this application is installed automatically as part of the LEAP Platform. To install it manually for testing or development, follow these instructions: + +### TL;DR ### + +Install git, ruby 1.9, rubygems and couchdb on your system. Then run + + gem install bundler + git clone https://leap.se/git/leap_web + cd leap_web + git submodule update --init + bundle install --binstubs + bin/rails server + +### Install system requirements + +First of all you need to install ruby, git and couchdb. On debian based systems this would be achieved by something like + + sudo apt-get install git ruby1.9.3 rubygems couchdb + +We install most gems we depend upon through [bundler](http://gembundler.com). So first install bundler + + sudo gem install bundler + +On Debian Wheezy or later, there is a Debian package for bundler, so you can alternately run ``sudo apt-get install bundler``. + +### Download source + +Simply clone the git repository: + + git clone git://leap.se/leap_web + cd leap_web + +### SRP Submodule + +We currently use a git submodule to include srp-js. This will soon be replaced by a ruby gem. but for now you need to run + + git submodule update --init + +### Install required ruby libraries + + cd leap_web + bundle + +Typically, you run ``bundle`` as a normal user and it will ask you for a sudo password when it is time to install the required gems. If you don't have sudo, run ``bundle`` as root. + +Configuration +---------------------------- + +The configuration file `config/defaults.yml` providers good defaults for most +values. You can override these defaults by creating a file `config/config.yml`. + +There are a few values you should make sure to modify: + + production: + admins: ["myusername","otherusername"] + domain: example.net + force_ssl: true + secret_token: "4be2f60fafaf615bd4a13b96bfccf2c2c905898dad34..." + client_ca_key: "/etc/ssl/ca.key" + client_ca_cert: "/etc/ssl/ca.crt" + ca_key_password: nil + +* `admins` is an array of usernames that are granted special admin privilege. +* `domain` is your fully qualified domain name. +* `force_ssl`, if set to true, will require secure cookies and turn on HSTS. Don't do this if you are using a self-signed server certificate. +* `secret_token`, used for cookie security, you can create one with `rake secret`. Should be at least 30 characters. +* `client_ca_key`, the private key of the CA used to generate client certificates. +* `client_ca_cert`, the public certificate the CA used to generate client certificates. +* `ca_key_password`, used to unlock the client_ca_key, if needed. + +### Provider Settings + +The leap client fetches provider information via json files from the server. +If you want to use that functionality please add your provider files the public/1/config directory. (1 being the current API version). + +Running +----------------------------- + + cd leap_web + bin/rails server + +You will find Leap Web running on `localhost:3000` + +Testing +-------------------------------- + +To run all tests + + rake test + +To run an individual test: + + rake test TEST=certs/test/unit/client_certificate_test.rb + or + ruby -Itest certs/test/unit/client_certificate_test.rb + +Engines +--------------------- + +Leap Web includes some Engines. All things in `app` will overwrite the engine behaviour. You can clone the leap web repository and add your customizations to the `app` directory. Including leap_web as a gem is currently not supported. It should not require too much work though and we would be happy to include the changes required. + +If you have no use for one of the engines you can remove it from the Gemfile. Engines should really be plugins - no other engines should depend upon them. If you need functionality in different engines it should probably go into the toplevel. + +# Deployment # + +We strongly recommend using the LEAP platform for deploy. Most of the things documented here are automated as part of the platform. If you want to research how the platform deploys or work on your own mechanism this section is for you. + +These instructions are targeting a Debian GNU/Linux system. You might need to change the commands to match your own needs. + +## Server Preperation ## + +### Dependencies ## + +The following packages need to be installed: + +* git +* ruby1.9 +* rubygems1.9 +* couchdb (if you want to use a local couch) + +### Setup Capistrano ### + +We use puppet to deploy. But we also ship an untested config/deploy.rb.example. Edit it to match your needs if you want to use capistrano. + +run `cap deploy:setup` to create the directory structure. + +run `cap deploy` to deploy to the server. + +## Customized Files ## + +Please make sure your deploy includes the following files: + +* public/1/config/*.json (see Provider Settings section) +* config/couchdb.yml + +## Couch Security ## + +We recommend against using an admin user for running the webapp. To avoid this couch design documents need to be created ahead of time and the auto update mechanism needs to be disabled. +Take a look at test/setup_couch.sh for an example of securing the couch. + +## Design Documents ## + +After securing the couch design documents need to be deployed with admin permissions. There are two ways of doing this: + * rake couchrest:migrate_with_proxies + * dump the documents as files with `rake couchrest:dump` and deploy them + to the couch by hand or with the platform. + +### CouchRest::Migrate ### + +The before_script block in .travis.yml illustrates how to do this: + + mv test/config/couchdb.yml.admin config/couchdb.yml # use admin privileges + bundle exec rake couchrest:migrate_with_proxies # run the migrations + bundle exec rake couchrest:migrate_with_proxies # looks like this needs to run twice + mv test/config/couchdb.yml.user config/couchdb.yml # drop admin privileges + +### Deploy design docs from CouchRest::Dump ### + +First of all we get the design docs as files: + + # put design docs in /tmp/design + bundle exec rake couchrest:dump + +Then we add them to files/design in the site_couchdb module in leap_platform so they get deployed with the couch. You could also upload them using curl or sth. similar. + +# Troubleshooting # + +Here are some less common issues you might run into when installing Leap Web. + +## Cannot find Bundler ## + +### Error Messages ### + +`bundle: command not found` + +### Solution ### + +Make sure bundler is installed. `gem list bundler` should list `bundler`. +You also need to be able to access the `bundler` executable in your PATH. + +## Outdated version of rubygems ## + +### Error Messages ### + +`bundler requires rubygems >= 1.3.6` + +### Solution ### + +`gem update --system` will install the latest rubygems + +## Missing development tools ## + +Some required gems will compile C extensions. They need a bunch of utils for this. + +### Error Messages ### + +`make: Command not found` + +### Solution ### + +Install the required tools. For linux the `build-essential` package provides most of them. For Mac OS you probably want the XCode Commandline tools. + +## Missing libraries and headers ## + +Some gem dependencies might not compile because they lack the needed c libraries. + +### Solution ### + +Install the libraries in question including their development files. + + @@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ Getting started We recommend reading the platform documentation in the following order: -1. [Quick start tutorial](platform/quick-start). +1. [Quick start tutorial](tutorials/quick-start). 2. [Platform Guide](platform/guide). 3. [Configuration format](platform/config). 4. The `leap` [command reference](platform/commands). diff --git a/doc/commands.md b/doc/guide/commands.md index b176541f..0cee709a 100644 --- a/doc/commands.md +++ b/doc/guide/commands.md @@ -1,73 +1,88 @@ @title = 'Command Line Reference' +@summary = "A copy of leap --help" The command "leap" can be used to manage a bevy of servers running the LEAP platform from the comfort of your own home. # Global Options -* `--log FILE` -Override default log file -Default Value: None +* `--log FILE` +Override default log file +Default Value: None -* `-v|--verbose LEVEL` -Verbosity level 0..2 -Default Value: 1 +* `-v|--verbose LEVEL` +Verbosity level 0..5 +Default Value: 1 -* `--help` -Show this message +* `--[no-]color` +Disable colors in output -* `--version` -Display version number and exit +* `--debug` +Enable debugging library (leap_cli development only) -* `--yes` -Skip prompts and assume "yes" +* `--help` +Show this message + +* `--version` +Display version number and exit + +* `--yes` +Skip prompts and assume "yes" # leap add-user USERNAME -Adds a new trusted sysadmin +Adds a new trusted sysadmin by adding public keys to the "users" directory. **Options** -* `--pgp-pub-key arg` -OpenPGP public key file for this new user -Default Value: None +* `--pgp-pub-key arg` +OpenPGP public key file for this new user +Default Value: None -* `--ssh-pub-key arg` -SSH public key file for this new user -Default Value: None +* `--ssh-pub-key arg` +SSH public key file for this new user +Default Value: None -* `--self` -lets you choose among your public keys +* `--self` +Add yourself as a trusted sysadin by choosing among the public keys available for the current user. -# leap cert +# leap cert Manage X.509 certificates -## leap cert ca +## leap cert ca Creates two Certificate Authorities (one for validating servers and one for validating clients). See see what values are used in the generation of the certificates (like name and key size), run `leap inspect provider` and look for the "ca" property. To see the details of the created certs, run `leap inspect <file>`. -## leap cert csr +## leap cert csr Creates a CSR for use in buying a commercial X.509 certificate. -The CSR created is for the for the provider's primary domain. The properties used for this CSR come from `provider.ca.server_certificates`. +Unless specified, the CSR is created for the provider's primary domain. The properties used for this CSR come from `provider.ca.server_certificates`. + +**Options** + +* `--domain DOMAIN` +Specify what domain to create the CSR for. +Unless specified, the CSR is created for the provider's primary domain. The properties used for this CSR come from `provider.ca.server_certificates`. +Default Value: None -## leap cert dh + +## leap cert dh Creates a Diffie-Hellman parameter file. -## leap cert update <node-filter> +## leap cert update FILTER Creates or renews a X.509 certificate/key pair for a single node or all nodes, but only if needed. @@ -75,22 +90,47 @@ This command will a generate new certificate for a node if some value in the nod **Options** -* `--force` -Always generate new certificates +* `--force` +Always generate new certificates -# leap clean +# leap clean Removes all files generated with the "compile" command. -# leap compile +# leap compile + +Compile generated files. + + + +## leap compile all [ENVIRONMENT] Compiles node configuration files into hiera files used for deployment. +## leap compile zone + +Compile a DNS zone file for your provider. + + +Default Command: all + +# leap db + +Database commands. + + + +## leap db destroy [FILTER] + +Destroy all the databases. If present, limit to FILTER nodes. + + + # leap deploy FILTER Apply recipes to a node or set of nodes. @@ -99,13 +139,67 @@ The FILTER can be the name of a node, service, or tag. **Options** -* `--tags TAG[,TAG]` -Specify tags to pass through to puppet (overriding the default). -Default Value: leap_base,leap_service +* `--ip IPADDRESS` +Override the default SSH IP address. +Default Value: None + +* `--port PORT` +Override the default SSH port. +Default Value: None + +* `--tags TAG[,TAG]` +Specify tags to pass through to puppet (overriding the default). +Default Value: leap_base,leap_service + +* `--dev` +Development mode: don't run 'git submodule update' before deploy. + +* `--fast` +Makes the deploy command faster by skipping some slow steps. A "fast" deploy can be used safely if you recently completed a normal deploy. + +* `--force` +Deploy even if there is a lockfile. + +* `--[no-]sync` +Sync files, but don't actually apply recipes. + + +# leap env + +Manipulate and query environment information. + +The 'environment' node property can be used to isolate sets of nodes into entirely separate environments. A node in one environment will never interact with a node from another environment. Environment pinning works by modifying your ~/.leaprc file and is dependent on the absolute file path of your provider directory (pins don't apply if you move the directory) + +## leap env ls + +List the available environments. The pinned environment, if any, will be marked with '*'. + -* `--fast` -Makes the deploy command faster by skipping some slow steps. A "fast" deploy can be used safely if you recently completed a normal deploy. +## leap env pin ENVIRONMENT + +Pin the environment to ENVIRONMENT. All subsequent commands will only apply to nodes in this environment. + + + +## leap env unpin + +Unpin the environment. All subsequent commands will apply to all nodes. + + +Default Command: ls + +# leap facts + +Gather information on nodes. + + + +## leap facts update FILTER + +Query servers to update facts.json. + +Queries every node included in FILTER and saves the important information to facts.json # leap help command @@ -115,8 +209,8 @@ Gets help for the application or its commands. Can also list the commands in a w **Options** -* `-c` -List commands one per line, to assist with shell completion +* `-c` +List commands one per line, to assist with shell completion # leap inspect FILE @@ -125,6 +219,12 @@ Prints details about a file. Alternately, the argument FILE can be the name of a +**Options** + +* `--base` +Inspect the FILE from the provider_base (i.e. without local inheritance). + + # leap list [FILTER] List nodes and their classifications @@ -137,12 +237,15 @@ Prints out a listing of nodes, services, or tags. If present, the FILTER can be **Options** -* `--print arg` -What attributes to print (optional) -Default Value: None +* `--print arg` +What attributes to print (optional) +Default Value: None + +* `--disabled` +Include disabled nodes in the list. -# leap local +# leap local Manage local virtual machines. @@ -184,6 +287,12 @@ Shuts down the virtual machine(s) +# leap mosh NAME + +Log in to the specified node with an interactive shell using mosh (requires node to have mosh.enabled set to true). + + + # leap new DIRECTORY Creates a new provider instance in the specified directory, creating it if necessary. @@ -192,24 +301,24 @@ Creates a new provider instance in the specified directory, creating it if neces **Options** -* `--contacts arg` -Default email address contacts. -Default Value: None +* `--contacts arg` +Default email address contacts. +Default Value: None -* `--domain arg` -The primary domain of the provider. -Default Value: None +* `--domain arg` +The primary domain of the provider. +Default Value: None -* `--name arg` -The name of the provider. -Default Value: None +* `--name arg` +The name of the provider. +Default Value: None -* `--platform arg` -File path of the leap_platform directory. -Default Value: None +* `--platform arg` +File path of the leap_platform directory. +Default Value: None -# leap node +# leap node Node management @@ -231,20 +340,28 @@ Separeate multiple values for a single property with a comma, like so: `leap nod **Options** -* `--local` -Make a local testing node (by automatically assigning the next available local IP address). Local nodes are run as virtual machines on your computer. +* `--local` +Make a local testing node (by automatically assigning the next available local IP address). Local nodes are run as virtual machines on your computer. ## leap node init FILTER Bootstraps a node or nodes, setting up SSH keys and installing prerequisite packages -This command prepares a server to be used with the LEAP Platform by saving the server's SSH host key, copying the authorized_keys file, and installing packages that are required for deploying. Node init must be run before deploying to a server, and the server must be running and available via the network. This command only needs to be run once, but there is no harm in running it multiple times. +This command prepares a server to be used with the LEAP Platform by saving the server's SSH host key, copying the authorized_keys file, installing packages that are required for deploying, and registering important facts. Node init must be run before deploying to a server, and the server must be running and available via the network. This command only needs to be run once, but there is no harm in running it multiple times. **Options** -* `--echo` -If set, passwords are visible as you type them (default is hidden) +* `--ip IPADDRESS` +Override the default SSH IP address. +Default Value: None + +* `--port PORT` +Override the default SSH port. +Default Value: None + +* `--echo` +If set, passwords are visible as you type them (default is hidden) ## leap node mv OLD_NAME NEW_NAME @@ -265,21 +382,38 @@ Log in to the specified node with an interactive shell. -# leap test +**Options** + +* `--port arg` +Override ssh port for remote host +Default Value: None + +* `--ssh arg` +Pass through raw options to ssh (e.g. --ssh '-F ~/sshconfig') +Default Value: None + + +# leap test Run tests. -## leap test init +## leap test init Creates files needed to run tests. -## leap test run +## leap test run Run tests. + +**Options** + +* `--[no-]continue` +Continue over errors and failures (default is --no-continue). + Default Command: run diff --git a/doc/config.md b/doc/guide/config.md index d0b1f6a7..be67e6bd 100644 --- a/doc/config.md +++ b/doc/guide/config.md @@ -1,4 +1,39 @@ @title = "Configuration Files" +@summary = "How to edit configuration files." + +Files +------------------------------------------- + +Here are a list of some of the common files that make up a provider. Except for Leapfile and provider.json, the files are optional. Unless otherwise specified, all file names are relative to the 'provider directory' root (where the Leapfile is). + +`Leapfile` -- If present, this file tells `leap` that the directory is a provider directory. This file is usually empty, but can contain global options. + +`~/.leaprc` -- Evaluated the same as Leapfile, but not committed to source control. + +`provider.json` -- Global options related to this provider. + +`provider.ENVIRONMENT.json` -- Global options for the provider that are applied to only a single environment. + +`common.json` -- All nodes inherit from this file. + +`secrets.json` -- An automatically generated file that contains any randomly generated strings needed in order to deploy. These strings are often secret and should be protected, although any need for a random string or number that is remembered will produce another entry in this file. This file is automatically generated and refreshed each time you run `leap compile` or `leap deploy`. If an entry is no longer needed, it will get removed. If you want to change a secret, you can remove this file and have it regenerated, or remove the particular line item and just those items will be created anew. + +`facts.json` -- If some of your servers are running on AWS or OpenStack, you will need to discover certain properties about how networking is configured on these machines in order for a full deploy to work. In these cases, make sure to run `leap facts update` to periodically regenerate the facts.json file. + +`nodes/NAME.json` -- The configuration file for node called NAME. + +`services/SERVICE.json` -- The properties in this configuration file are applied to any node that includes SERVICE in its `services` property. + +`services/SERVICE.ENVIRONMENT.json` -- The properties in this configuration file are applied to any node that includes SERVICE in its services and has environment equal to ENVIRONMENT. + +`services/TAG.json` -- The properties in this configuration file are applied to any node that has includes TAG in its `tags` property. + +`services/TAG.ENVIRONMENT.json` -- The properties in this configuration file are applied to any node that has includes TAG in its `tags` property and has `environment` property equal to ENVIRONMENT. + +`files/*` -- Various static files used by the platform (e.g. keys, certificates, webapp customization, etc). + +`users/USER/` -- A directory that stores the public keys of the sysadmin with name USER. This person will have root access to all the servers. + Leapfile ------------------------------------------- @@ -13,8 +48,6 @@ Additionally, you can create a `~/.leaprc` file that is loaded after `Leapfile` Platform options: * `@platform_directory_path` (required). This must be set to the path where `leap_platform` lives. The path may be relative. -* `@platform_branch`. If set, a check is preformed before running any command to ensure that the currently checked out branch of `leap_platform` matches the value set for `@platform_branch`. This is useful if you have a stable branch of your provider that you want to ensure runs off the master branch of `leap_platform`. -* `@allow_production_deploy`. By default, you can only deploy to production nodes if the current branch is 'master' or if the provider directory is not a git repository. This option allows you to override this behavior. Vagrant options: @@ -26,7 +59,7 @@ Logging options: * `@log`. If set, all command invocation and results are logged to the specified file. This is the same as the switch `--log FILE`, except that the command line switch will override the value in the Leapfile. -Configuration files +JSON format ------------------------------------------- All configuration files, other than `Leapfile`, are in the JSON format. For example: @@ -195,7 +228,8 @@ Access an element by name: Create a new hash table by applying filters: nodes[:public_dns => true] # all nodes where public_dns == true - nodes[:services => 'openvpn', :services => 'tor'] # openvpn OR tor + nodes[:services => 'openvpn', 'location.country_code' => 'US'] # openvpn service OR in the US. + nodes[[:services, 'openvpn'], [:services, 'tor']] # services equal to openvpn OR tor nodes[:services => 'openvpn'][:tags => 'production'] # openvpn AND production nodes[:name => "!bob"] # all nodes that are NOT named "bob" diff --git a/doc/guide/en.haml b/doc/guide/en.haml new file mode 100644 index 00000000..4c9bd69f --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/guide/en.haml @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +- @nav_title = "Guide" +- @title = "Platform Guide" + +%h1.first Platform Guide + += child_summaries
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/doc/guide.md b/doc/guide/keys-and-certificates.md index 52c3b2fa..bd7f3495 100644 --- a/doc/guide.md +++ b/doc/guide/keys-and-certificates.md @@ -1,84 +1,5 @@ -@title = "LEAP Platform Guide" -@nav_title = "Guide" - -Services -================================ - -Every node has one or more services that determines the node's function within your provider's infrastructure. - -When adding a new node to your provider, you should ask yourself four questions: - -* **many or few?** Some services benefit from having many nodes, while some services are best run on only one or two nodes. -* **required or optional?** Some services are required, while others can be left out. -* **who does the node communicate with?** Some services communicate very heavily with other particular services. Nodes running these services should be close together. -* **public or private?** Some services communicate with the public internet, while others only need to communicate with other nodes in the infrastructure. - -Brief overview of the services: - -* **webapp**: The web application. Runs both webapp control panel for users and admins as well as the REST API that the client uses. Needs to communicate heavily with `couchdb` nodes. You need at least one, good to have two for redundancy. The webapp does not get a lot of traffic, so you will not need many. -* **couchdb**: The database for users and user data. You can get away with just one, but for proper redundancy you should have at least three. Communicates heavily with `webapp` and `mx` nodes. -* **soledad**: Handles the data syncing with clients. Typically combined with `couchdb` service, since it communicates heavily with couchdb. (not currently in stable release) -* **mx**: Incoming and outgoing MX servers. Communicates with the public internet, clients, and `couchdb` nodes. (not currently in stable release) -* **openvpn**: OpenVPN gateway for clients. You need at least one, but want as many as needed to support the bandwidth your users are doing. The `openvpn` nodes are autonomous and don't need to communicate with any other nodes. Often combined with `tor` service. -* **monitor**: Internal service to monitor all the other nodes. Currently, you can have zero or one `monitor` nodes. -* **tor**: Sets up a tor exit node, unconnected to any other service. -* **dns**: Not yet implemented. - -Locations -================================ - -All nodes should have a `location.name` specified, and optionally additional information about the location, like the time zone. This location information is used for two things: - -* Determine which nodes can, or must, communicate with one another via a local network. The way some virtualization environments work, like OpenStack, requires that nodes communicate via the local network if they are on the same network. -* Allows the client to prefer connections to nodes that are closer in physical proximity to the user. This is particularly important for OpenVPN nodes. - -The location stanza in a node's config file looks like this: - - { - "location": { - "id": "ankara", - "name": "Ankara", - "country_code": "TR", - "timezone": "+2", - "hemisphere": "N" - } - } - -The fields: - -* `id`: An internal handle to use for this location. If two nodes have match `location.id`, then they are treated as being on a local network with one another. This value defaults to downcase and underscore of `location.name`. -* `name`: Can be anything, might be displayed to the user in the client if they choose to manually select a gateway. -* `country_code`: The [ISO 3166-1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1) two letter country code. -* `timezone`: The timezone expressed as an offset from UTC (in standard time, not daylight savings). You can look up the timezone using this [handy map](http://www.timeanddate.com/time/map/). -* `hemisphere`: This should be "S" for all servers in South America, Africa, or Australia. Otherwise, this should be "N". - -These location options are very imprecise, but good enough for most usage. The client often does not know its own location precisely either. Instead, the client makes an educated guess at location based on the OS's timezone and locale. - -If you have multiple nodes in a single location, it is best to use a tag for the location. For example: - -`tags/ankara.json`: - - { - "location": { - "name": "Ankara", - "country_code": "TR", - "timezone": "+2", - "hemisphere": "N" - } - } - -`nodes/vpngateway.json`: - - { - "services": "openvpn", - "tags": ["production", "ankara"], - "ip_address": "1.1.1.1", - "openvpn": { - "gateway_address": "1.1.1.2" - } - } - -Unless you are using OpenStack or AWS, setting `location` for nodes is not required. It is, however, highly recommended. +@title = "Keys and Certificates" +@summary = "Working with SSH keys, secrets, and X.509 certificates." Working with SSH ================================ @@ -252,15 +173,4 @@ If you want to add additional fields to the CSR, like country, city, or locality } } -If they are not present, the CSR will be created without them. - -Facts -============================== - -There are a few cases when we must gather internal data from a node before we can successfully deploy to other nodes. This is what `facts.json` is for. It stores a snapshot of certain facts about each node, as needed. Entries in `facts.json` are updated automatically when you initialize, rename, or remove a node. To manually force a full update of `facts.json`, run: - - leap facts update FILTER - -Run `leap help facts update` for more information. - -The file `facts.json` should be committed to source control. You might not have a `facts.json` if one is not required for your provider. +If they are not present, the CSR will be created without them.
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/doc/guide/miscellaneous.md b/doc/guide/miscellaneous.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..c38c007c --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/guide/miscellaneous.md @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +@title = "Miscellaneous" +@summary = "Miscellaneous commands you may need to know." + +Facts +============================== + +There are a few cases when we must gather internal data from a node before we can successfully deploy to other nodes. This is what `facts.json` is for. It stores a snapshot of certain facts about each node, as needed. Entries in `facts.json` are updated automatically when you initialize, rename, or remove a node. To manually force a full update of `facts.json`, run: + + leap facts update FILTER + +Run `leap help facts update` for more information. + +The file `facts.json` should be committed to source control. You might not have a `facts.json` if one is not required for your provider. + diff --git a/doc/guide/nodes.md b/doc/guide/nodes.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..bc48ff32 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/guide/nodes.md @@ -0,0 +1,169 @@ +@title = "Nodes" +@summary = "Working with nodes, services, tags, and locations." + +Node types +================================ + +Every node has one or more services that determines the node's function within your provider's infrastructure. + +When adding a new node to your provider, you should ask yourself four questions: + +* **many or few?** Some services benefit from having many nodes, while some services are best run on only one or two nodes. +* **required or optional?** Some services are required, while others can be left out. +* **who does the node communicate with?** Some services communicate very heavily with other particular services. Nodes running these services should be close together. +* **public or private?** Some services communicate with the public internet, while others only need to communicate with other nodes in the infrastructure. + +Brief overview of the services: + +* **webapp**: The web application. Runs both webapp control panel for users and admins as well as the REST API that the client uses. Needs to communicate heavily with `couchdb` nodes. You need at least one, good to have two for redundancy. The webapp does not get a lot of traffic, so you will not need many. +* **couchdb**: The database for users and user data. You can get away with just one, but for proper redundancy you should have at least three. Communicates heavily with `webapp`, `mx`, and `soledad` nodes. +* **soledad**: Handles the data syncing with clients. Typically combined with `couchdb` service, since it communicates heavily with couchdb. +* **mx**: Incoming and outgoing MX servers. Communicates with the public internet, clients, and `couchdb` nodes. +* **openvpn**: OpenVPN gateway for clients. You need at least one, but want as many as needed to support the bandwidth your users are doing. The `openvpn` nodes are autonomous and don't need to communicate with any other nodes. Often combined with `tor` service. +* **monitor**: Internal service to monitor all the other nodes. Currently, you can have zero or one `monitor` nodes. +* **tor**: Sets up a tor exit node, unconnected to any other service. +* **dns**: Not yet implemented. + +Webapp +----------------------------------- + +The webapp node is responsible for both the user face web application and the API that the client interacts with. + +Some users can be "admins" with special powers to answer tickets and close accounts. To make an account into an administrator, you need to configure the `webapp.admins` property with an array of user names. + +For example, to make users `alice` and `bob` into admins, create a file `services/webapp.json` with the following content: + + { + "webapp": { + "admins": ["bob", "alice"] + } + } + +And then redeploy to all webapp nodes: + + leap deploy webapp + +By putting this in `services/webapp.json`, you will ensure that all webapp nodes inherit the value for `webapp.admins`. + +Services +================================ + +What nodes do you need for a provider that offers particular services? + +<table class="table table-striped"> +<tr> +<th>Node Type</th> +<th>VPN Service</th> +<th>Email Service</th> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>webapp</td> +<td>required</td> +<td>required</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>couchdb</td> +<td>required</td> +<td>required</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>soledad</td> +<td>not used</td> +<td>required</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>mx</td> +<td>not used</td> +<td>required</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>openvpn</td> +<td>required</td> +<td>not used</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>monitor</td> +<td>optional</td> +<td>optional</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>tor</td> +<td>optional</td> +<td>optional</td> +</tr> +<table> + +Locations +================================ + +All nodes should have a `location.name` specified, and optionally additional information about the location, like the time zone. This location information is used for two things: + +* Determine which nodes can, or must, communicate with one another via a local network. The way some virtualization environments work, like OpenStack, requires that nodes communicate via the local network if they are on the same network. +* Allows the client to prefer connections to nodes that are closer in physical proximity to the user. This is particularly important for OpenVPN nodes. + +The location stanza in a node's config file looks like this: + + { + "location": { + "id": "ankara", + "name": "Ankara", + "country_code": "TR", + "timezone": "+2", + "hemisphere": "N" + } + } + +The fields: + +* `id`: An internal handle to use for this location. If two nodes have match `location.id`, then they are treated as being on a local network with one another. This value defaults to downcase and underscore of `location.name`. +* `name`: Can be anything, might be displayed to the user in the client if they choose to manually select a gateway. +* `country_code`: The [ISO 3166-1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1) two letter country code. +* `timezone`: The timezone expressed as an offset from UTC (in standard time, not daylight savings). You can look up the timezone using this [handy map](http://www.timeanddate.com/time/map/). +* `hemisphere`: This should be "S" for all servers in South America, Africa, or Australia. Otherwise, this should be "N". + +These location options are very imprecise, but good enough for most usage. The client often does not know its own location precisely either. Instead, the client makes an educated guess at location based on the OS's timezone and locale. + +If you have multiple nodes in a single location, it is best to use a tag for the location. For example: + +`tags/ankara.json`: + + { + "location": { + "name": "Ankara", + "country_code": "TR", + "timezone": "+2", + "hemisphere": "N" + } + } + +`nodes/vpngateway.json`: + + { + "services": "openvpn", + "tags": ["production", "ankara"], + "ip_address": "1.1.1.1", + "openvpn": { + "gateway_address": "1.1.1.2" + } + } + +Unless you are using OpenStack or AWS, setting `location` for nodes is not required. It is, however, highly recommended. + +Disabling Nodes +===================================== + +There are two ways to temporarily disable a node: + +**Option 1: enabled == false** + +If a node has a property `enabled` set to false, then the `leap` command will skip over the node and pretend that it does not exist. For example: + + { + "ip_address": "1.1.1.1", + "services": ["openvpn"], + "enabled": false + } + +**Options 2: no-deploy** + +If the file `/etc/leap/no-deploy` exists on a node, then when you run the commmand `leap deploy` it will halt and prevent a deploy from going through (if the node was going to be included in the deploy). diff --git a/doc/troubleshooting.md b/doc/troubleshooting.md deleted file mode 100644 index bb2fc4b5..00000000 --- a/doc/troubleshooting.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,147 +0,0 @@ -@title = 'Troubleshooting Guide' -@nav_title = 'Troubleshooting' -@toc = true - - -General -======= - -* Please increase verbosity when debugging / filing issues in our issue tracker. You can do this with adding i.e. `-v 5` after the `leap` cmd, i.e. `leap -v 2 deploy`. - -Webapp node -=========== - -Places to look for errors -------------------------- - -* `/var/log/apache2/error.log` -* `/srv/leap/webapp/log/production.log` -* `/var/log/syslog` (watch out for stunnel issues) - -Is haproxy ok ? ---------------- - - - curl -s -X GET "http://127.0.0.1:4096" - -Is couchdb accessible through stunnel ? ---------------------------------------- - - - curl -s -X GET "http://127.0.0.1:4000" - - -Check couchdb acl ------------------ - - - mkdir /etc/couchdb - cat /srv/leap/webapp/config/couchdb.yml.admin # see username and password - echo "machine 127.0.0.1 login admin password <PASSWORD>" > /etc/couchdb/couchdb-admin.netrc - chmod 600 /etc/couchdb/couchdb-admin.netrc - - curl -s --netrc-file /etc/couchdb/couchdb-admin.netrc -X GET "http://127.0.0.1:4096" - curl -s --netrc-file /etc/couchdb/couchdb-admin.netrc -X GET "http://127.0.0.1:4096/_all_dbs" - - -Couchdb node -============ - -Places to look for errors -------------------------- - -* `/opt/bigcouch/var/log/bigcouch.log` -* `/var/log/syslog` (watch out for stunnel issues) - - -Bigcouch membership -------------------- - -* All nodes configured for the provider should appear here: - - - curl -s --netrc-file /etc/couchdb/couchdb.netrc -X GET 'http://127.0.0.1:5986/nodes/_all_docs' - -* All configured nodes should show up under "cluster_nodes", and the ones online and communicating with each other should appear under "all_nodes". This example output shows the configured cluster nodes `couch1.bitmask.net` and `couch2.bitmask.net`, but `couch2.bitmask.net` is currently not accessible from `couch1.bitmask.net` - - - curl -s --netrc-file /etc/couchdb/couchdb.netrc 'http://127.0.0.1:5984/_membership' - {"all_nodes":["bigcouch@couch1.bitmask.net"],"cluster_nodes":["bigcouch@couch1.bitmask.net","bigcouch@couch2.bitmask.net"]} - - - -Databases ---------- - -* Following output shows all neccessary DBs that should be present. Note that the `user-0123456....` DBs are the data stores for a particular user. - - - curl -s --netrc-file /etc/couchdb/couchdb.netrc -X GET 'http://127.0.0.1:5984/_all_dbs' - ["customers","identities","sessions","shared","tickets","tokens","user-0","user-9d34680b01074c75c2ec58c7321f540c","user-9d34680b01074c75c2ec58c7325fb7ff","users"] - - - -Design Documents ----------------- - -* Is User `_design doc` available ? - - - curl -s --netrc-file /etc/couchdb/couchdb.netrc -X GET "http://127.0.0.1:5984/users/_design/User" - - - -MX node -======= - -Places to look for errors -------------------------- - -* `/var/log/mail.log` -* `/var/log/leap_mx.log` -* `/var/log/syslog` (watch out for stunnel issues) - - -Query leap-mx -------------- - -* for useraccount - - - postmap -v -q "joe@dev.bitmask.net" tcp:localhost:2244 - ... - postmap: dict_tcp_lookup: send: get jow@dev.bitmask.net - postmap: dict_tcp_lookup: recv: 200 - ... - -* for mailalias - - - postmap -v -q "joe@dev.bitmask.net" tcp:localhost:4242 - ... - postmap: dict_tcp_lookup: send: get joe@dev.bitmask.net - postmap: dict_tcp_lookup: recv: 200 f01bc1c70de7d7d80bc1ad77d987e73a - postmap: dict_tcp_lookup: found: f01bc1c70de7d7d80bc1ad77d987e73a - f01bc1c70de7d7d80bc1ad77d987e73a - ... - - - -Mailspool ---------- - -* Any file in the mailspool longer for a few seconds ? - - - ls -la /var/mail/vmail/Maildir/cur/ - - -VPN node -======== - -Places to look for errors -------------------------- - -* `/var/log/syslog` (watch out for openvpn issues) - - diff --git a/doc/troubleshooting/en.haml b/doc/troubleshooting/en.haml new file mode 100644 index 00000000..a4b44939 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/troubleshooting/en.haml @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +- @title = "Troubleshooting" + +%h1.first Troubleshooting + += child_summaries
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/doc/known-issues.md b/doc/troubleshooting/known-issues.md index 960eaad7..b924fa4b 100644 --- a/doc/known-issues.md +++ b/doc/troubleshooting/known-issues.md @@ -5,23 +5,32 @@ Here you can find documentation about known issues and potential work-arounds in the current Leap Platform release. -0.2.2 +0.6.0 ===== -In this release the following issues are known, work-arounds are noted when available. +openvpn +------- +. On deployment to a openvpn node, if the following happens: -General Issues --------------- + - err: /Stage[main]/Site_openvpn/Service[openvpn]/ensure: change from stopped to running failed: Could not start Service[openvpn]: Execution of '/etc/init.d/openvpn start' returned 1: at /srv/leap/puppet/modules/site_openvpn/manifests/init.pp:189 -. This release does *not* anonymize your logs (see: https://leap.se/code/issues/1897) +this is likely the result of a kernel upgrade that happened during the deployment, requiring that the machine be restarted before this service can start. To confirm this, login to the node (leap ssh <nodename>) and look at the end of the /var/log/daemon.log: -. This release does *not* setup email relaying, so admins will not receive important email notifications. Email service will be part of the next release (see: https://leap.se/code/issues/1683 https://leap.se/code/issues/1905) + # tail /var/log/daemon.log + Nov 22 19:04:15 snail ovpn-udp_config[16173]: ERROR: Cannot open TUN/TAP dev /dev/net/tun: No such device (errno=19) + Nov 22 19:04:15 snail ovpn-udp_config[16173]: Exiting due to fatal error -. Your openvpn gateway address will be added on the /24 network, and is not configurable in this release (see: https://leap.se/code/issues/1863) +if you see this error, simply restart the node. -. You must not add a node with an underscore in the name, you also cannot use a hyphen for a vagrant node (see: https://leap.se/code/issues/3087) +CouchDB +------- +. You can't deploy new couchdb nodes after one or more have been deployed. Make *sure* that you configure and deploy all your couchdb nodes when starting the provider. The problem is that we dont not have a clean way of adding couch nodes after initial creation of the databases, so any nodes added after result in improperly synchronized data. See Bug [#5601](https://leap.se/code/issues/5601) for more information. -. The nagios website check reports success when the webapp is not functioning but apache is up (see: https://leap.se/code/issues/1629) +. In some scenarios, such as when certain components are unavailable, the couchdb syncing will be broken. When things are brought back to normal, shortly after restart, the nodes will attempt to resync all their data, and can fail to complete this process because they run out of file descriptors. A symptom of this is the webapp wont allow you to register or login, the /opt/bigcouch/var/log/bigcouch.log is huge with a lot of errors that include (over multiple lines): {error, emfile}}. We have raised the limits for available file descriptors to bigcouch to try and accommodate for this situation, but if you still experience it, you may need to increase your /etc/sv/bigcouch/run ulimit values and restart bigcouch while monitoring the open file descriptors. We hope that in the next platform release, a newer couchdb will be better at handling these resources. + +You can also see the number of file descriptors in use by doing: + + # watch -n1 -d lsof -p `pidof beam`|wc -l User setup and ssh ------------------ @@ -34,8 +43,6 @@ User setup and ssh . If the ssh host key changes, you need to run node init again (see: https://leap.se/en/docs/platform/guide#Working.with.SSH) -. At the moment, only ECDSA ssh host keys are supported. If you get the following error: `= FAILED ssh-keyscan: no hostkey alg (must be missing an ecdsa public host key)` then you should confirm that you have the following line defined in your server's **/etc/ssh/sshd_config**: `HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key`. If that file doesn't exist, run `ssh-keygen -t ecdsa -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key -N ""` in order to create it. If you made a change to your sshd_config, then you need to run `/etc/init.d/ssh restart` (see: https://leap.se/code/issues/2373) - . To remove an admin's access to your servers, please remove the directory for that user under the `users/` subdirectory in your provider directory and then remove that user's ssh keys from files/ssh/authorized_keys. When finished you *must* run a `leap deploy` to update that information on the servers. . At the moment, it is only possible to add an admin who will have access to all LEAP servers (see: https://leap.se/code/issues/2280) @@ -56,6 +63,12 @@ Deploying . When running a deploy at a verbosity level of 2 and above, you will notice puppet deprecation warnings, these are known and we are working on fixing them +IPv6 +---- + +As of this release, IPv6 is not supported by the VPN configuration. If IPv6 is detected on your network as a client, it is blocked and instead it should revert to IPv4. We plan on adding IPv6 support in an upcoming release. + + Special Environments -------------------- diff --git a/doc/troubleshooting/tests.md b/doc/troubleshooting/tests.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..84064043 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/troubleshooting/tests.md @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +@title = 'Tests and Monitoring' +@summary = 'Testing and monitoring your infrastructure.' +@toc = true + +## Troubleshooting Tests + +At any time, you can run troubleshooting tests on the nodes of your provider infrastructure to check to see if things seem to be working correctly. If there is a problem, these tests should help you narrow down precisely where the problem is. + +To run tests on FILTER node list: + + leap test run FILTER + +Alternately, you can run test on all nodes (probably only useful if you have pinned the environment): + + leap test + +## Monitoring + +In order to set up a monitoring node, you simply add a `monitor` service tag to the node configuration file. It could be combined with any other service, but we propose that you add it to the webapp node, as this already is public accessible via HTTPS. + +After deploying, this node will regularly poll every node to ask for the status of various health checks. These health checks include the checks run with `leap test`, plus many others. + +We use [Nagios](http://www.nagios.org/) together with [Check MK agent](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Check_MK) for running checks on remote hosts. + +You can log into the monitoring web interface via [https://MONITORNODE/nagios3/](https://MONITORNODE/nagios3/). The username is `nagiosadmin` and the password is found in the secrets.json file in your provider directory. + +### Log Monitoring + +At the moment, we use [check-mk-agent-logwatch](https://mathias-kettner.de/checkmk_check_logwatch.html) for searching logs for irregularities. +Logs are parsed for patterns using a blacklist, and are stored in `/var/lib/check_mk/logwatch/<Nodename>`. + +In order to "acknowledge" a log warning, you need to log in to the monitoring server, and delete the corresponding file in `/var/lib/check_mk/logwatch/<Nodename>`. This should be done via the nagios webinterface in the future. + diff --git a/doc/troubleshooting/where-to-look.md b/doc/troubleshooting/where-to-look.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..fbd95931 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/troubleshooting/where-to-look.md @@ -0,0 +1,249 @@ +@title = 'Where to look for errors' +@nav_title = 'Where to look' +@toc = true + + +General +======= + +* Please increase verbosity when debugging / filing issues in our issue tracker. You can do this with adding i.e. `-v 5` after the `leap` cmd, i.e. `leap -v 2 deploy`. + +Webapp +====== + +Places to look for errors +------------------------- + +* `/var/log/apache2/error.log` +* `/srv/leap/webapp/log/production.log` +* `/var/log/syslog` (watch out for stunnel issues) +* `/var/log/leap/*` + +Is haproxy ok ? +--------------- + + + curl -s -X GET "http://127.0.0.1:4096" + +Is couchdb accessible through stunnel ? +--------------------------------------- + +* Depending on how many couch nodes you have, increase the port for every test + (see /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg for the server/port mapping): + + + curl -s -X GET "http://127.0.0.1:4000" + curl -s -X GET "http://127.0.0.1:4001" + ... + + +Check couchdb acl as admin +-------------------------- + + mkdir /etc/couchdb + cat /srv/leap/webapp/config/couchdb.yml.admin # see username and password + echo "machine 127.0.0.1 login admin password <PASSWORD>" > /etc/couchdb/couchdb-admin.netrc + chmod 600 /etc/couchdb/couchdb-admin.netrc + + curl -s --netrc-file /etc/couchdb/couchdb-admin.netrc -X GET "http://127.0.0.1:4096" + curl -s --netrc-file /etc/couchdb/couchdb-admin.netrc -X GET "http://127.0.0.1:4096/_all_dbs" + +Check couchdb acl as unpriviledged user +--------------------------------------- + + cat /srv/leap/webapp/config/couchdb.yml # see username and password + echo "machine 127.0.0.1 login webapp password <PASSWORD>" > /etc/couchdb/couchdb-webapp.netrc + chmod 600 /etc/couchdb/couchdb-webapp.netrc + + curl -s --netrc-file /etc/couchdb/couchdb-webapp.netrc -X GET "http://127.0.0.1:4096" + curl -s --netrc-file /etc/couchdb/couchdb-webapp.netrc -X GET "http://127.0.0.1:4096/_all_dbs" + + +Check client config files +------------------------- + + https://example.net/provider.json + https://example.net/1/config/smtp-service.json + https://example.net/1/config/soledad-service.json + https://example.net/1/config/eip-service.json + + +Soledad +======= + + /var/log/soledad.log + + +Couchdb +======= + +Places to look for errors +------------------------- + +* `/opt/bigcouch/var/log/bigcouch.log` +* `/var/log/syslog` (watch out for stunnel issues) + + + +Bigcouch membership +------------------- + +* All nodes configured for the provider should appear here: + +<pre> + curl -s --netrc-file /etc/couchdb/couchdb.netrc -X GET 'http://127.0.0.1:5986/nodes/_all_docs' +</pre> + +* All configured nodes should show up under "cluster_nodes", and the ones online and communicating with each other should appear under "all_nodes". This example output shows the configured cluster nodes `couch1.bitmask.net` and `couch2.bitmask.net`, but `couch2.bitmask.net` is currently not accessible from `couch1.bitmask.net` + + +<pre> + curl -s --netrc-file /etc/couchdb/couchdb.netrc 'http://127.0.0.1:5984/_membership' + {"all_nodes":["bigcouch@couch1.bitmask.net"],"cluster_nodes":["bigcouch@couch1.bitmask.net","bigcouch@couch2.bitmask.net"]} +</pre> + +* Sometimes a `/etc/init.d/bigcouch restart` on all nodes is needed, to register new nodes + +Databases +--------- + +* Following output shows all neccessary DBs that should be present. Note that the `user-0123456....` DBs are the data stores for a particular user. + +<pre> + curl -s --netrc-file /etc/couchdb/couchdb.netrc -X GET 'http://127.0.0.1:5984/_all_dbs' + ["customers","identities","sessions","shared","tickets","tokens","user-0","user-9d34680b01074c75c2ec58c7321f540c","user-9d34680b01074c75c2ec58c7325fb7ff","users"] +</pre> + + + + +Design Documents +---------------- + +* Is User `_design doc` available ? + + +<pre> + curl -s --netrc-file /etc/couchdb/couchdb.netrc -X GET "http://127.0.0.1:5984/users/_design/User" +</pre> + +Is couchdb cluster backend accessible through stunnel ? +------------------------------------------------------- + +* Find out how many connections are set up for the couchdb cluster backend: + +<pre> + grep "accept = 127.0.0.1" /etc/stunnel/* +</pre> + + +* Now connect to all of those local endpoints to see if they up. All these tests should return "localhost [127.0.0.1] 4000 (?) open" + +<pre> + nc -v 127.0.0.1 4000 + nc -v 127.0.0.1 4001 + ... +</pre> + + +MX +== + +Places to look for errors +------------------------- + +* `/var/log/mail.log` +* `/var/log/leap_mx.log` +* `/var/log/syslog` (watch out for stunnel issues) + +Is couchdb accessible through stunnel ? +--------------------------------------- + +* Depending on how many couch nodes you have, increase the port for every test + (see /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg for the server/port mapping): + + + curl -s -X GET "http://127.0.0.1:4000" + curl -s -X GET "http://127.0.0.1:4001" + ... + +Query leap-mx +------------- + +* for useraccount + + +<pre> + postmap -v -q "joe@dev.bitmask.net" tcp:localhost:2244 + ... + postmap: dict_tcp_lookup: send: get jow@dev.bitmask.net + postmap: dict_tcp_lookup: recv: 200 + ... +</pre> + +* for mailalias + + +<pre> + postmap -v -q "joe@dev.bitmask.net" tcp:localhost:4242 + ... + postmap: dict_tcp_lookup: send: get joe@dev.bitmask.net + postmap: dict_tcp_lookup: recv: 200 f01bc1c70de7d7d80bc1ad77d987e73a + postmap: dict_tcp_lookup: found: f01bc1c70de7d7d80bc1ad77d987e73a + f01bc1c70de7d7d80bc1ad77d987e73a + ... +</pre> + + +Check couchdb acl as unpriviledged user +--------------------------------------- + + + + cat /etc/leap/mx.conf # see username and password + echo "machine 127.0.0.1 login leap_mx password <PASSWORD>" > /etc/couchdb/couchdb-leap_mx.netrc + chmod 600 /etc/couchdb/couchdb-leap_mx.netrc + + curl -s --netrc-file /etc/couchdb/couchdb-leap_mx.netrc -X GET "http://127.0.0.1:4096/_all_dbs" # pick one "user-<hash>" db + curl -s --netrc-file /etc/couchdb/couchdb-leap_mx.netrc -X GET "http://127.0.0.1:4096/user-de9c77a3d7efbc779c6c20da88e8fb9c" + + +* you may check multiple times, cause 127.0.0.1:4096 is haproxy load-balancing the different couchdb nodes + + +Mailspool +--------- + +* Any file in the leap_mx mailspool longer for a few seconds ? + + + +<pre> + ls -la /var/mail/vmail/Maildir/cur/ +</pre> + +* Any mails in postfix mailspool longer than a few seconds ? + +<pre> + mailq +</pre> + + + +Testing mail delivery +--------------------- + + swaks -f alice@example.org -t bob@example.net -s mx1.example.net --port 25 + swaks -f varac@cdev.bitmask.net -t varac@cdev.bitmask.net -s chipmonk.cdev.bitmask.net --port 465 --tlsc + swaks -f alice@example.org -t bob@example.net -s mx1.example.net --port 587 --tls + + +VPN +=== + +Places to look for errors +------------------------- + +* `/var/log/syslog` (watch out for openvpn issues) + + diff --git a/doc/tutorials/en.haml b/doc/tutorials/en.haml new file mode 100644 index 00000000..72a8a1fc --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/tutorials/en.haml @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +- @title = "Tutorials" + +%h1.first Platform Tutorials + += child_summaries
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/doc/quick-start.md b/doc/tutorials/quick-start.md index 0bce271a..f45574df 100644 --- a/doc/quick-start.md +++ b/doc/tutorials/quick-start.md @@ -1,24 +1,24 @@ @title = 'LEAP Platform Quick Start' @nav_title = 'Quick Start' +@summary = 'Three node OpenVPN provider.' Quick Start =========== This tutorial walks you through the initial process of creating and deploying a minimal service provider running the [LEAP platform](platform). This Quick Start guide will guide you through building a three node OpenVPN provider. -If you are curious how this will look like without trying it out yourself, you can watch our [recorded screencasts](http://shelr.tv/users/524415e69660807910000021). Our goal ------------------ -We are going to create a minimal LEAP provider offering OpenVPN service. This basic setup can be expanded by adding more OpenVPN nodes to increase capacity, or more webapp and couchdb nodes to increase availability (performance wise, a single couchdb and a single webapp are more than enough for most usage, since they are only lightly used, but you might want redundancy). +We are going to create a minimal LEAP provider offering OpenVPN service. This basic setup can be expanded by adding more OpenVPN nodes to increase capacity, or more webapp and couchdb nodes to increase availability (performance wise, a single couchdb and a single webapp are more than enough for most usage, since they are only lightly used, but you might want redundancy). Please note: currently it is not possible to safely add additional couchdb nodes at a later point. They should all be added in the beginning, so please consider carefully if you would like more before proceeding. Our goal is something like this: $ leap list - NODES SERVICES TAGS - couch1 couchdb - web1 webapp - vpn1 openvpn + NODES SERVICES TAGS + cheetah couchdb production + wildebeest webapp production + ostrich openvpn production NOTE: You won't be able to run that `leap list` command yet, not until we actually create the node configurations. @@ -27,13 +27,14 @@ Requirements In order to complete this Quick Start, you will need a few things: -* You will need three real or paravirtualized virtual machines (KVM, Xen, Openstack, Amazon, but not Vagrant - sorry) that have a basic Debian Stable installed. If you allocate 10G to each node, that should be plenty. -* You should be able to SSH into them remotely, and know their IP addresses and their SSH host keys -* You will need four different IPs, one for each node, and a second one for the VPN gateway +* You will need three real or paravirtualized virtual machines (KVM, Xen, Openstack, Amazon, but not Vagrant - sorry) that have a basic Debian Stable installed. If you allocate 20G of disk space to each node for the system, after this process is completed, you will have used less than 10% of that disk space. If you allocate 2 CPUs and 8G of memory to each node, that should be more than enough to begin with. +* You should be able to SSH into them remotely, and know their root password, IP addresses and their SSH host keys +* You will need four different IPs. Each node gets a primary IP, and the OpenVPN gateway additionally needs a gateway IP. * The ability to create/modify DNS entries for your domain is preferable, but not needed. If you don't have access to DNS, you can workaround this by modifying your local resolver, i.e. editing `/etc/hosts`. * You need to be aware that this process will make changes to your systems, so please be sure that these machines are a basic install with nothing configured or running for other purposes * Your machines will need to be connected to the internet, and not behind a restrictive firewall. -* You should work locally on your laptop/workstation (one that you trust and that is ideally full-disk encrypted) while going through this guide. This is important because the provider configurations you are creating contain sensitive data that should not reside on a remote machine. The leap cli utility will login to your servers and configure the services. +* You should work locally on your laptop/workstation (one that you trust and that is ideally full-disk encrypted) while going through this guide. This is important because the provider configurations you are creating contain sensitive data that should not reside on a remote machine. The `leap` command will login to your servers and configure the services. +* You should do everything described below as an unprivileged user, and only run those commands as root that are noted with *sudo* in front of them. Other than those commands, there is no need for privileged access to your machine, and in fact things may not work correctly. All the commands in this tutorial are run on your sysadmin machine. In order to complete the tutorial, the sysadmin will do the following: @@ -70,13 +71,13 @@ Install core prerequisites: 1. Install rubygems from https://rubygems.org/pages/download (unless the `gem` command is already installed). --> -NOTE: leap_cli should work with ruby1.8, but has only been tested using ruby1.9. +NOTE: leap_cli requires ruby 1.9 or later. Install the LEAP command-line utility ---------------------- +------------------------------------------------- -<!--Install the `leap` command as a gem: +Install the `leap` command from rubygems.org: $ sudo gem install leap_cli @@ -85,35 +86,24 @@ Alternately, you can install `leap` from source: $ git clone https://leap.se/git/leap_cli $ cd leap_cli $ rake build ---> - -Install `leap` command from source: - - $ git clone https://leap.se/git/leap_cli - $ cd leap_cli - $ rake build - -Then, install as root user (recommended): - $ sudo rake install -Or, install as unprivileged user: +You can also install from source as an unprivileged user, if you want. For example, instead of `sudo rake install` you can do something like this: $ rake install # watch out for the directory leap is installed to, then i.e. $ sudo ln -s ~/.gem/ruby/1.9.1/bin/leap /usr/local/bin/leap -With both methods, you can use now /usr/local/bin/leap, which in most cases will be in your $PATH. +With either `rake install` or `sudo rake install`, you can use now /usr/local/bin/leap, which in most cases will be in your $PATH. -If you have successfully installed the LEAP cli, then you should be able to do the following: +If you have successfully installed the `leap` command, then you should be able to do the following: $ leap --help -and be presented with the command-line help options. If you receive an error when doing this, please read through the README.md in the LEAP cli source to try and resolve any problems before going forwards. - +This will list the command-line help options. If you receive an error when doing this, please read through the README.md in the `leap_cli` source to try and resolve any problems before going forwards. Check out the platform ----------------------- +-------------------------- The LEAP Platform is a series of puppet recipes and modules that will be used to configure your provider. You will need a local copy of the platform that will be used to setup your nodes and manage your services. To begin with, you will not need to modify the LEAP Platform. @@ -136,12 +126,12 @@ A provider instance is a directory tree, usually stored in git, that contains ev Bootstrap the provider ----------------------- -Now, we will initialize this directory to make it a provider instance. Your provider instance will need to know where it can find the local copy of the git repository leap_platform, which we setup in the previous step. +Now, we will initialize this directory to make it a provider instance. Your provider instance will need to know where it can find the local copy of the git repository leap_platform, which we setup in the previous step. $ cd ~/leap/example $ leap new . -NOTES: +NOTES: . make sure you include that trailing dot! The `leap new` command will ask you for several required values: @@ -215,25 +205,25 @@ For a full list of possible settings, you can use `leap inspect` to see how prov Setup the provider's nodes and services --------------------------------------- -A "node" is a server that is part of your infrastructure. Every node can have one or more services associated with it. Some nodes are "local" and used only for testing, see [Development](developmet) for more information. +A "node" is a server that is part of your infrastructure. Every node can have one or more services associated with it. Some nodes are "local" and used only for testing, see [Development](development) for more information. Create a node, with the service "webapp": - $ leap node add web1 ip_address:x.x.x.w services:webapp tags:production + $ leap node add wildebeest ip_address:x.x.x.w services:webapp tags:production NOTE: replace x.x.x.w with the actual IP address of this node -This created a node configuration file in `nodes/web1.json`, but it did not do anything else. It also added the 'tag' called 'production' to this node. Tags allow us to conveniently group nodes together. When creating nodes, you should give them the tag 'production' if the node is to be used in your production infrastructure. +This created a node configuration file in `nodes/wildebeest.json`, but it did not do anything else. It also added the 'tag' called 'production' to this node. Tags allow us to conveniently group nodes together. When creating nodes, you should give them the tag 'production' if the node is to be used in your production infrastructure. The web application and the VPN nodes require a database, so lets create the database server node: - $ leap node add couch1 ip_address:x.x.x.x services:couchdb tags:production + $ leap node add cheetah ip_address:x.x.x.x services:couchdb tags:production NOTE: replace x.x.x.x with the actual IP address of this node -Now we need the VPN gateway, so lets create that node: +Now we need the OpenVPN gateway, so lets create that node: - $ leap node add vpn1 ip_address:x.x.x.y openvpn.gateway_address:x.x.x.z services:openvpn tags:production + $ leap node add ostrich ip_address:x.x.x.y openvpn.gateway_address:x.x.x.z services:openvpn tags:production NOTE: replace x.x.x.y with the IP address of the machine, and x.x.x.z with the second IP. openvpn gateways must be assigned two IP addresses, one for the host itself and one for the openvpn gateway. We do this to prevent incoming and outgoing VPN traffic on the same IP. Without this, the client might send some traffic to other VPN users in the clear, bypassing the VPN. @@ -246,9 +236,9 @@ Now that you have the nodes configured, you should create the DNS entries for th Set up your DNS with these hostnames: $ leap list --print ip_address,domain.full,dns.aliases - couch1 x.x.x.w, couch1.example.org, null - web1 x.x.x.x, web1.example.org, api.example.org, nicknym.example.org - vpn1 x.x.x.y, vpn1.example.org, null + cheetah x.x.x.w, cheetah.example.org, null + wildebeest x.x.x.x, wildebeest.example.org, api.example.org + ostrich x.x.x.y, ostrich.example.org, null Alternately, you can adapt this zone file snippet: @@ -256,9 +246,9 @@ Alternately, you can adapt this zone file snippet: If you cannot edit your DNS zone file, you can still test your provider by adding entries to your local resolver hosts file (`/etc/hosts` for linux): - x.x.x.w couch1.example.org - x.x.x.x web1.example.org api.example.org example.org - x.x.x.y vpn1.example.org + x.x.x.w cheetah.example.org + x.x.x.x wildebeest.example.org api.example.org example.org + x.x.x.y ostrich.example.org Please don't forget about these entries, they will override DNS queries if you setup your DNS later. @@ -274,25 +264,26 @@ This will initialize all nodes with the tag "production". When `leap node init` If you prefer, you can initalize each node, one at a time: - $ leap node init web1 - $ leap node init couch1 - $ leap node init vpn1 + $ leap node init wildebeest + $ leap node init cheetah + $ leap node init ostrich Deploy the LEAP platform to the nodes -------------------- -Now you should deploy the platform recipes to the nodes. Deployment can take a while to run, especially on the first run, as it needs to update the packages on the new machine: +Now you should deploy the platform recipes to the nodes. [Deployment can take a while to run](http://xkcd.com/303/), especially on the first run, as it needs to update the packages on the new machine. - $ leap deploy web1 +*Important notes:* currently nodes must be deployed in a certain order. The underlying couch database node(s) must be deployed first, and then all other nodes. Also you need to configure and deploy all of the couchdb nodes that you plan to use at this time, as currently you cannot add more of them later later ([See](https://leap.se/es/docs/platform/known-issues#CouchDB.Sync)). -Watch the output for any errors (in red), if everything worked fine, you should now have your first running node. If you do have errors, try doing the deploy again. + $ leap deploy cheetah + +Watch the output for any errors (in red), if everything worked fine, you should now have your first running node. If you do have errors, try doing the deploy again. However, to deploy our three-node openvpn setup, we need the database and LEAP web application requires a database to run, so let's deploy to the couchdb and openvpn nodes: - $ leap deploy couch1 - $ leap deploy vpn1 + $ leap deploy wildebeest + $ leap deploy ostrich -NOTE: the output from deploying can be quite busy, so we often do them each node one by one. What is going on here? -------------------------------------------- @@ -310,19 +301,21 @@ When you run `leap deploy`, a bunch of things happen, in this order: You can run `leap -v2 deploy` to see exactly what commands are being executed. -<!-- See [under the hood](under-the-hood) for more details. --> - Test that things worked correctly ================================= -You should now have three machines with the LEAP platform deployed to them, one for the web application, one for the database and one for the OpenVPN gateway. +You should now have three machines with the LEAP platform deployed to them, one for the web application, one for the database and one for the OpenVPN gateway. +To run troubleshooting tests: -Access the web application --------------------------------------------- + leap test + +If you want to confirm for yourself that things are working, you can perform the following manual tests. + +### Access the web application -In order to connect to the web application in your browser, you need to point your domain at the IP address of the web application node (named web1 in this example). +In order to connect to the web application in your browser, you need to point your domain at the IP address of the web application node (named wildebeest in this example). There are a lot of different ways to do this, but one easy way is to modify your `/etc/hosts` file. First, find the IP address of the webapp node: @@ -336,13 +329,12 @@ Replacing 'leap.example.org' with whatever you specified as the `domain` in the Next, you can connect to the web application either using a web browser or via the API using the LEAP client. To use a browser, connect to https://leap.example.org (replacing that with your domain). Your browser will complain about an untrusted cert, but for now just bypass this. From there, you should be able to register a new user and login. -Use the VPN ------------ +### Use the VPN You should be able to simply test that the OpenVPN gateway works properly by doing the following: $ leap test init - $ sudo openvpn test/openvpn/unlimited.ovpn + $ sudo openvpn test/openvpn/production_unlimited.ovpn Or, you can use the LEAP client (called "bitmask") to connect to your new provider, create a user and then connect to the VPN. @@ -357,7 +349,7 @@ Useful commands Here are a few useful commands you can run on your new local nodes: -* `leap ssh web1` -- SSH into node web1 (requires `leap node init web1` first). +* `leap ssh wildebeest` -- SSH into node wildebeest (requires `leap node init wildebeest` first). * `leap list` -- list all nodes. * `leap list production` -- list only those nodes with the tag 'production' * `leap list --print ip_address` -- list a particular attribute of all nodes. @@ -381,7 +373,7 @@ Examples: * `leap list openvpn` -- list all nodes with service openvpn. * `leap list openvpn +production` -- only nodes of service type openvpn AND tag production. * `leap deploy webapp openvpn` -- deploy to all webapp OR openvpn nodes. -* `leap node init vpn1` -- just init the node named vpn1. +* `leap node init ostrich` -- just init the node named ostrich. Keep track of your provider configurations ------------------------------------------ diff --git a/doc/tutorials/single-node.md b/doc/tutorials/single-node.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000..02d35c7a --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/tutorials/single-node.md @@ -0,0 +1,343 @@ +@title = 'Single node tutorial' +@nav_title = 'Single node' +@summary = 'A single node email provider.' + +Quick Start - Single node setup +=============================== + +This tutorial walks you through the initial process of creating and deploying a minimal service provider running the [LEAP platform](platform). +We will guide you through building a single node mail provider. + +Our goal +------------------ + +We are going to create a minimal LEAP provider offering Email service. This basic setup can be expanded by adding more webapp and couchdb nodes to increase availability (performance wise, a single couchdb and a single webapp are more than enough for most usage, since they are only lightly used, but you might want redundancy). Please note: currently it is not possible to safely add additional couchdb nodes at a later point. They should all be added in the beginning, so please consider carefully if you would like more before proceeding. + +Our goal is something like this: + + $ leap list + NODES SERVICES TAGS + node1 couchdb, mx, soledad, webapp local + +NOTE: You won't be able to run that `leap list` command yet, not until we actually create the node configurations. + +Requirements +------------ + +In order to complete this Quick Start, you will need a few things: + +* You will need one real or paravirtualized virtual machine (Vagrant, KVM, Xen, Openstack, Amazon, …) that have a basic Debian Stable installed. +* You should be able to SSH into them remotely, and know their root password, IP addresses and their SSH host keys +* The ability to create/modify DNS entries for your domain is preferable, but not needed. If you don't have access to DNS, you can workaround this by modifying your local resolver, i.e. editing `/etc/hosts`. +* You need to be aware that this process will make changes to your systems, so please be sure that these machines are a basic install with nothing configured or running for other purposes +* Your machines will need to be connected to the internet, and not behind a restrictive firewall. +* You should work locally on your laptop/workstation (one that you trust and that is ideally full-disk encrypted) while going through this guide. This is important because the provider configurations you are creating contain sensitive data that should not reside on a remote machine. The leap cli utility will login to your servers and configure the services. +* You should do everything described below as an unprivileged user, and only run those commands as root that are noted with *sudo* in front of them. Other than those commands, there is no need for privileged access to your machine, and in fact things may not work correctly. + +All the commands in this tutorial are run on your sysadmin machine. In order to complete the tutorial, the sysadmin will do the following: + +* Install pre-requisites +* Install the LEAP command-line utility +* Check out the LEAP platform +* Create a provider and its certificates +* Setup the provider's nodes and the services that will reside on those nodes +* Initialize the nodes +* Deploy the LEAP platform to the nodes +* Test that things worked correctly +* Some additional commands + +We will walk you through each of these steps. + + +Prepare your environment +======================== + +There are a few things you need to setup before you can get going. Just some packages, the LEAP cli and the platform. + +Install pre-requisites +-------------------------------- + +*Debian & Ubuntu* + +Install core prerequisites: + + $ sudo apt-get install git ruby ruby-dev rsync openssh-client openssl rake make bzip2 + +<!-- +*Mac OS* + +1. Install rubygems from https://rubygems.org/pages/download (unless the `gem` command is already installed). +--> + +NOTE: leap_cli should work with ruby1.8, but has only been tested using ruby1.9. + + +Install the LEAP command-line utility +------------------------------------------------- + +Install the `leap` command from rubygems.org: + + $ sudo gem install leap_cli + +Alternately, you can install `leap` from source: + + $ git clone https://leap.se/git/leap_cli + $ cd leap_cli + $ rake build + $ sudo rake install + +You can also install from source as an unprivileged user, if you want. For example, instead of `sudo rake install` you can do something like this: + + $ rake install + # watch out for the directory leap is installed to, then i.e. + $ sudo ln -s ~/.gem/ruby/1.9.1/bin/leap /usr/local/bin/leap + +With either `rake install` or `sudo rake install`, you can use now /usr/local/bin/leap, which in most cases will be in your $PATH. + +If you have successfully installed the `leap` command, then you should be able to do the following: + + $ leap --help + +This will list the command-line help options. If you receive an error when doing this, please read through the README.md in the `leap_cli` source to try and resolve any problems before going forwards. + +Check out the platform +-------------------------- + +The LEAP Platform is a series of puppet recipes and modules that will be used to configure your provider. You will need a local copy of the platform that will be used to setup your nodes and manage your services. To begin with, you will not need to modify the LEAP Platform. +Until we have a up to date stable release we recommend using the `develop` branch of the platform and leap_cli for all features of LEAP. + +First we'll create a directory for LEAP things, and then we'll check out the platform code and initalize the modules: + + $ mkdir ~/leap + $ cd ~/leap + $ git clone https://leap.se/git/leap_platform.git + $ cd leap_platform + $ git checkout develop + $ git submodule sync; git submodule update --init + + +Provider Setup +============== + +A provider instance is a directory tree, usually stored in git, that contains everything you need to manage an infrastructure for a service provider. In this case, we create one for example.org and call the instance directory 'example'. + + $ mkdir -p ~/leap/example + +Bootstrap the provider +----------------------- + +Now, we will initialize this directory to make it a provider instance. Your provider instance will need to know where it can find the local copy of the git repository leap_platform, which we setup in the previous step. + + $ cd ~/leap/example + $ leap new . + +NOTES: + . make sure you include that trailing dot! + +The `leap new` command will ask you for several required values: + +* domain: The primary domain name of your service provider. In this tutorial, we will be using "example.org". +* name: The name of your service provider (we use "Example"). +* contact emails: A comma separated list of email addresses that should be used for important service provider contacts (for things like postmaster aliases, Tor contact emails, etc). +* platform: The directory where you have a copy of the `leap_platform` git repository checked out. + +You could also have passed these configuration options on the command-line, like so: + + $ leap new --contacts your@email.here --domain leap.example.org --name Example --platform=~/leap/leap_platform . + +You may want to poke around and see what is in the files we just created. For example: + + $ cat provider.json + +Optionally, commit your provider directory using the version control software you fancy. For example: + + $ git init + $ git add . + $ git commit -m "initial provider commit" + +Now add yourself as a privileged sysadmin who will have access to deploy to servers: + + $ leap add-user --self + +NOTE: in most cases, `leap` must be run from within a provider instance directory tree (e.g. ~/leap/example). + +Create provider certificates +---------------------------- + +Create two certificate authorities, one for server certs and one for client +certs (note: you only need to run this one command to get both): + + $ leap cert ca + +Create a temporary cert for your main domain (you should replace with a real commercial cert at some point) + + $ leap cert csr + +To see details about the keys and certs that the prior two commands created, you can use `leap inspect` like so: + + $ leap inspect files/ca/ca.crt + +NOTE: the files `files/ca/*.key` are extremely sensitive and must be carefully protected. The other key files are much less sensitive and can simply be regenerated if needed. + + +Edit provider.json configuration +-------------------------------------- + +There are a few required settings in provider.json. At a minimum, you must have: + + { + "domain": "example.org", + "name": "Example", + "contacts": { + "default": "email1@example.org" + } + } + +For a full list of possible settings, you can use `leap inspect` to see how provider.json is evaluated after including the inherited defaults: + + $ leap inspect provider.json + + +Setup the provider's node and services +-------------------------------------- + +A "node" is a server that is part of your infrastructure. Every node can have one or more services associated with it. Some nodes are "local" and used only for testing, see [Development](development) for more information. + +Create a node, with all the services needed for Email - "couchdb", "mx", "soledad" and "webapp": + + $ leap node add node1 ip_address:x.x.x.w services:couchdb,mx,soledad,webapp tags:production + +NOTE: replace x.x.x.w with the actual IP address of this node + +This created a node configuration file in `nodes/node1.json`, but it did not do anything else. It also added the 'tag' called 'production' to this node. Tags allow us to conveniently group nodes together. When creating nodes, you should give them the tag 'production' if the node is to be used in your production infrastructure. + +Setup DNS +--------- + +Now that you have the node configured, you should create the DNS entrie for this node. + +Set up your DNS with these hostnames: + + $ leap list --print ip_address,domain.full,dns.aliases + node1 x.x.x.w, node1.example.org, example.org, api.example.org, nicknym.example.org + +Alternately, you can adapt this zone file snippet: + + $ leap compile zone + +If you cannot edit your DNS zone file, you can still test your provider by adding this entry to your local resolver hosts file (`/etc/hosts` for linux): + + x.x.x.w node1.example.org example.org api.example.org nicknym.example.org + +Please don't forget about these entries, they will override DNS queries if you setup your DNS later. + + +Initialize the nodes +-------------------- + +Node initialization only needs to be done once, but there is no harm in doing it multiple times: + + $ leap node init production + +This will initialize the node with the tag "production". When `leap node init` is run, you will be prompted to verify the fingerprint of the SSH host key and to provide the root password of the server. You should only need to do this once. + + +Deploy the LEAP platform to the nodes +-------------------- + +Now you should deploy the platform recipes to the nodes. [Deployment can take a while to run](http://xkcd.com/303/), especially on the first run, as it needs to update the packages on the new machine. + + $ leap deploy + +Watch the output for any errors (in red), if everything worked fine, you should now have your first running node. If you do have errors, try doing the deploy again. + +NOTE: the output from deploying can be quite busy, so we often do them each node one by one. + +What is going on here? +-------------------------------------------- + +First, some background terminology: + +* **puppet**: Puppet is a system for automating deployment and management of servers (called nodes). +* **hiera files**: In puppet, you can use something called a 'hiera file' to seed a node with a few configuration values. In LEAP, we go all out and put *every* configuration value needed for a node in the hiera file, and automatically compile a custom hiera file for each node. + +When you run `leap deploy`, a bunch of things happen, in this order: + +1. **Compile hiera files**: The hiera configuration file for each node is compiled in YAML format and saved in the directory `hiera`. The source material for this hiera file consists of all the JSON configuration files imported or inherited by the node's JSON config file. +* **Copy required files to node**: All the files needed for puppet to run are rsync'ed to each node. This includes the entire leap_platform directory, as well as the node's hiera file and other files needed by puppet to set up the node (keys, binary files, etc). +* **Puppet is run**: Once the node is ready, leap connects to the node via ssh and runs `puppet apply`. Puppet is applied locally on the node, without a daemon or puppetmaster. + +You can run `leap -v2 deploy` to see exactly what commands are being executed. + +<!-- See [under the hood](under-the-hood) for more details. --> + + +Test that things worked correctly +================================= + +You should now one machine with the LEAP platform email service deployed to it. + + +Access the web application +-------------------------------------------- + +In order to connect to the web application in your browser, you need to point your domain at the IP address of your new node. + +Next, you can connect to the web application either using a web browser or via the API using the LEAP client. To use a browser, connect to https://leap.example.org (replacing that with your domain). Your browser will complain about an untrusted cert, but for now just bypass this. From there, you should be able to register a new user and login. + +Testing with leap_cli +--------------------- + +Use the test command to run a set of different tests: + + leap test + + +Additional information +====================== + +It is useful to know a few additional things. + +Useful commands +--------------- + +Here are a few useful commands you can run on your new local nodes: + +* `leap ssh web1` -- SSH into node web1 (requires `leap node init web1` first). +* `leap list` -- list all nodes. +* `leap list production` -- list only those nodes with the tag 'production' +* `leap list --print ip_address` -- list a particular attribute of all nodes. +* `leap cert update` -- generate new certificates if needed. + +See the full command reference for more information. + +Node filters +------------------------------------------- + +Many of the `leap` commands take a "node filter". You can use a node filter to target a command at one or more nodes. + +A node filter consists of one or more keywords, with an optional "+" before each keyword. + +* keywords can be a node name, a service type, or a tag. +* the "+" before the keyword constructs an AND condition +* otherwise, multiple keywords together construct an OR condition + +Examples: + +* `leap list openvpn` -- list all nodes with service openvpn. +* `leap list openvpn +production` -- only nodes of service type openvpn AND tag production. +* `leap deploy webapp openvpn` -- deploy to all webapp OR openvpn nodes. +* `leap node init vpn1` -- just init the node named vpn1. + +Keep track of your provider configurations +------------------------------------------ + +You should commit your provider changes to your favorite VCS whenever things change. This way you can share your configurations with other admins, all they have to do is to pull the changes to stay up to date. Every time you make a change to your provider, such as adding nodes, services, generating certificates, etc. you should add those to your VCS, commit them and push them to where your repository is hosted. + +Note that your provider directory contains secrets! Those secrets include passwords for various services. You do not want to have those passwords readable by the world, so make sure that wherever you are hosting your repository, it is not public for the world to read. + +What's next +----------------------------------- + +Read the [LEAP platform guide](guide) to learn about planning and securing your infrastructure. + |