% Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not % use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of % the License at % % http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 % % Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software % distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT % WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the % License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under % the License. -module(couch_file). -behaviour(gen_server). -include("couch_db.hrl"). -define(SIZE_BLOCK, 4096). -record(file, { fd, tail_append_begin = 0, % 09 UPGRADE CODE eof = 0 }). -export([open/1, open/2, close/1, bytes/1, sync/1, append_binary/2,old_pread/3]). -export([append_term/2, pread_term/2, pread_iolist/2, write_header/2]). -export([pread_binary/2, read_header/1, truncate/2, upgrade_old_header/2]). -export([append_term_md5/2,append_binary_md5/2]). -export([init/1, terminate/2, handle_call/3, handle_cast/2, code_change/3, handle_info/2]). -export([delete/2,delete/3,init_delete_dir/1]). %%---------------------------------------------------------------------- %% Args: Valid Options are [create] and [create,overwrite]. %% Files are opened in read/write mode. %% Returns: On success, {ok, Fd} %% or {error, Reason} if the file could not be opened. %%---------------------------------------------------------------------- open(Filepath) -> open(Filepath, []). open(Filepath, Options) -> case gen_server:start_link(couch_file, {Filepath, Options, self(), Ref = make_ref()}, []) of {ok, Fd} -> {ok, Fd}; ignore -> % get the error receive {Ref, Pid, Error} -> case process_info(self(), trap_exit) of {trap_exit, true} -> receive {'EXIT', Pid, _} -> ok end; {trap_exit, false} -> ok end, case Error of {error, eacces} -> {file_permission_error, Filepath}; _ -> Error end end; Error -> Error end. %%---------------------------------------------------------------------- %% Purpose: To append an Erlang term to the end of the file. %% Args: Erlang term to serialize and append to the file. %% Returns: {ok, Pos} where Pos is the file offset to the beginning the %% serialized term. Use pread_term to read the term back. %% or {error, Reason}. %%---------------------------------------------------------------------- append_term(Fd, Term) -> append_binary(Fd, term_to_binary(Term, [compressed, {minor_version,1}])). append_term_md5(Fd, Term) -> append_binary_md5(Fd, term_to_binary(Term, [compressed, {minor_version,1}])). %%---------------------------------------------------------------------- %% Purpose: To append an Erlang binary to the end of the file. %% Args: Erlang term to serialize and append to the file. %% Returns: {ok, Pos} where Pos is the file offset to the beginning the %% serialized term. Use pread_term to read the term back. %% or {error, Reason}. %%---------------------------------------------------------------------- append_binary(Fd, Bin) -> Size = iolist_size(Bin), gen_server:call(Fd, {append_bin, [<<0:1/integer,Size:31/integer>>, Bin]}, infinity). append_binary_md5(Fd, Bin) -> Size = iolist_size(Bin), gen_server:call(Fd, {append_bin, [<<1:1/integer,Size:31/integer>>, couch_util:md5(Bin), Bin]}, infinity). %%---------------------------------------------------------------------- %% Purpose: Reads a term from a file that was written with append_term %% Args: Pos, the offset into the file where the term is serialized. %% Returns: {ok, Term} %% or {error, Reason}. %%---------------------------------------------------------------------- pread_term(Fd, Pos) -> {ok, Bin} = pread_binary(Fd, Pos), {ok, binary_to_term(Bin)}. %%---------------------------------------------------------------------- %% Purpose: Reads a binrary from a file that was written with append_binary %% Args: Pos, the offset into the file where the term is serialized. %% Returns: {ok, Term} %% or {error, Reason}. %%---------------------------------------------------------------------- pread_binary(Fd, Pos) -> {ok, L} = pread_iolist(Fd, Pos), {ok, iolist_to_binary(L)}. pread_iolist(Fd, Pos) -> case gen_server:call(Fd, {pread_iolist, Pos}, infinity) of {ok, IoList, <<>>} -> {ok, IoList}; {ok, IoList, Md5} -> case couch_util:md5(IoList) of Md5 -> {ok, IoList}; _ -> exit({file_corruption, <<"file corruption">>}) end; Error -> Error end. %%---------------------------------------------------------------------- %% Purpose: The length of a file, in bytes. %% Returns: {ok, Bytes} %% or {error, Reason}. %%---------------------------------------------------------------------- % length in bytes bytes(Fd) -> gen_server:call(Fd, bytes, infinity). %%---------------------------------------------------------------------- %% Purpose: Truncate a file to the number of bytes. %% Returns: ok %% or {error, Reason}. %%---------------------------------------------------------------------- truncate(Fd, Pos) -> gen_server:call(Fd, {truncate, Pos}, infinity). %%---------------------------------------------------------------------- %% Purpose: Ensure all bytes written to the file are flushed to disk. %% Returns: ok %% or {error, Reason}. %%---------------------------------------------------------------------- sync(Filepath) when is_list(Filepath) -> {ok, Fd} = file:open(Filepath, [append, raw]), try ok = file:sync(Fd) after ok = file:close(Fd) end; sync(Fd) -> gen_server:call(Fd, sync, infinity). %%---------------------------------------------------------------------- %% Purpose: Close the file. %% Returns: ok %%---------------------------------------------------------------------- close(Fd) -> gen_server:call(Fd, close, infinity). delete(RootDir, Filepath) -> delete(RootDir, Filepath, true). delete(RootDir, Filepath, Async) -> DelFile = filename:join([RootDir,".delete", ?b2l(couch_uuids:random())]), case file:rename(Filepath, DelFile) of ok -> if (Async) -> spawn(file, delete, [DelFile]), ok; true -> file:delete(DelFile) end; Error -> Error end. init_delete_dir(RootDir) -> Dir = filename:join(RootDir,".delete"), % note: ensure_dir requires an actual filename companent, which is the % reason for "foo". filelib:ensure_dir(filename:join(Dir,"foo")), filelib:fold_files(Dir, ".*", true, fun(Filename, _) -> ok = file:delete(Filename) end, ok). % 09 UPGRADE CODE old_pread(Fd, Pos, Len) -> {ok, <>, false} = gen_server:call(Fd, {pread, Pos, Len}, infinity), {ok, RawBin}. % 09 UPGRADE CODE upgrade_old_header(Fd, Sig) -> gen_server:call(Fd, {upgrade_old_header, Sig}, infinity). read_header(Fd) -> case gen_server:call(Fd, find_header, infinity) of {ok, Bin} -> {ok, binary_to_term(Bin)}; Else -> Else end. write_header(Fd, Data) -> Bin = term_to_binary(Data), Md5 = couch_util:md5(Bin), % now we assemble the final header binary and write to disk FinalBin = <>, gen_server:call(Fd, {write_header, FinalBin}, infinity). init_status_error(ReturnPid, Ref, Error) -> ReturnPid ! {Ref, self(), Error}, ignore. % server functions init({Filepath, Options, ReturnPid, Ref}) -> process_flag(trap_exit, true), erlang:send_after(60000, self(), maybe_close), case lists:member(create, Options) of true -> filelib:ensure_dir(Filepath), case file:open(Filepath, [read, append, raw, binary]) of {ok, Fd} -> {ok, Length} = file:position(Fd, eof), case Length > 0 of true -> % this means the file already exists and has data. % FYI: We don't differentiate between empty files and non-existant % files here. case lists:member(overwrite, Options) of true -> {ok, 0} = file:position(Fd, 0), ok = file:truncate(Fd), ok = file:sync(Fd), maybe_track_open_os_files(Options), {ok, #file{fd=Fd}}; false -> ok = file:close(Fd), init_status_error(ReturnPid, Ref, file_exists) end; false -> maybe_track_open_os_files(Options), {ok, #file{fd=Fd}} end; Error -> init_status_error(ReturnPid, Ref, Error) end; false -> % open in read mode first, so we don't create the file if it doesn't exist. case file:open(Filepath, [read, raw]) of {ok, Fd_Read} -> {ok, Fd} = file:open(Filepath, [read, append, raw, binary]), ok = file:close(Fd_Read), maybe_track_open_os_files(Options), {ok, Length} = file:position(Fd, eof), {ok, #file{fd=Fd, eof=Length}}; Error -> init_status_error(ReturnPid, Ref, Error) end end. maybe_track_open_os_files(_FileOptions) -> couch_stats_collector:track_process_count({couchdb, open_os_files}). terminate(_Reason, #file{fd = nil}) -> ok; terminate(_Reason, #file{fd = Fd}) -> file:close(Fd). handle_call(close, _From, #file{fd=Fd}=File) -> {stop, normal, file:close(Fd), File#file{fd = nil}}; handle_call({pread_iolist, Pos}, _From, File) -> {RawData, NextPos} = try % up to 8Kbs of read ahead read_raw_iolist_int(File, Pos, 2 * ?SIZE_BLOCK - (Pos rem ?SIZE_BLOCK)) catch _:_ -> read_raw_iolist_int(File, Pos, 4) end, <> = iolist_to_binary(RawData), case Prefix of 1 -> {Md5, IoList} = extract_md5( maybe_read_more_iolist(RestRawData, 16 + Len, NextPos, File)), {reply, {ok, IoList, Md5}, File}; 0 -> IoList = maybe_read_more_iolist(RestRawData, Len, NextPos, File), {reply, {ok, IoList, <<>>}, File} end; handle_call({pread, Pos, Bytes}, _From, #file{fd=Fd,tail_append_begin=TailAppendBegin}=File) -> {ok, Bin} = file:pread(Fd, Pos, Bytes), {reply, {ok, Bin, Pos >= TailAppendBegin}, File}; handle_call(bytes, _From, #file{eof=Length}=File) -> {reply, {ok, Length}, File}; handle_call(sync, _From, #file{fd=Fd}=File) -> {reply, file:sync(Fd), File}; handle_call({truncate, Pos}, _From, #file{fd=Fd}=File) -> {ok, Pos} = file:position(Fd, Pos), case file:truncate(Fd) of ok -> {reply, ok, File#file{eof=Pos}}; Error -> {reply, Error, File} end; handle_call({append_bin, Bin}, _From, #file{fd=Fd, eof=Pos}=File) -> Blocks = make_blocks(Pos rem ?SIZE_BLOCK, Bin), case file:write(Fd, Blocks) of ok -> {reply, {ok, Pos}, File#file{eof=Pos+iolist_size(Blocks)}}; Error -> {reply, Error, File} end; handle_call({write_header, Bin}, _From, #file{fd=Fd, eof=Pos}=File) -> BinSize = size(Bin), case Pos rem ?SIZE_BLOCK of 0 -> Padding = <<>>; BlockOffset -> Padding = <<0:(8*(?SIZE_BLOCK-BlockOffset))>> end, FinalBin = [Padding, <<1, BinSize:32/integer>> | make_blocks(5, [Bin])], case file:write(Fd, FinalBin) of ok -> {reply, ok, File#file{eof=Pos+iolist_size(FinalBin)}}; Error -> {reply, Error, File} end; handle_call({upgrade_old_header, Prefix}, _From, #file{fd=Fd}=File) -> case (catch read_old_header(Fd, Prefix)) of {ok, Header} -> TailAppendBegin = File#file.eof, Bin = term_to_binary(Header), Md5 = couch_util:md5(Bin), % now we assemble the final header binary and write to disk FinalBin = <>, {reply, ok, _} = handle_call({write_header, FinalBin}, ok, File), ok = write_old_header(Fd, <<"upgraded">>, TailAppendBegin), {reply, ok, File#file{tail_append_begin=TailAppendBegin}}; _Error -> case (catch read_old_header(Fd, <<"upgraded">>)) of {ok, TailAppendBegin} -> {reply, ok, File#file{tail_append_begin = TailAppendBegin}}; _Error2 -> {reply, ok, File} end end; handle_call(find_header, _From, #file{fd=Fd, eof=Pos}=File) -> {reply, find_header(Fd, Pos div ?SIZE_BLOCK), File}. % 09 UPGRADE CODE -define(HEADER_SIZE, 2048). % size of each segment of the doubly written header % 09 UPGRADE CODE read_old_header(Fd, Prefix) -> {ok, Bin} = file:pread(Fd, 0, 2*(?HEADER_SIZE)), <> = Bin, Result = % read the first header case extract_header(Prefix, Bin1) of {ok, Header1} -> case extract_header(Prefix, Bin2) of {ok, Header2} -> case Header1 == Header2 of true -> % Everything is completely normal! {ok, Header1}; false -> % To get here we must have two different header versions with signatures intact. % It's weird but possible (a commit failure right at the 2k boundary). Log it and take the first. ?LOG_INFO("Header version differences.~nPrimary Header: ~p~nSecondary Header: ~p", [Header1, Header2]), {ok, Header1} end; Error -> % error reading second header. It's ok, but log it. ?LOG_INFO("Secondary header corruption (error: ~p). Using primary header.", [Error]), {ok, Header1} end; Error -> % error reading primary header case extract_header(Prefix, Bin2) of {ok, Header2} -> % log corrupt primary header. It's ok since the secondary is still good. ?LOG_INFO("Primary header corruption (error: ~p). Using secondary header.", [Error]), {ok, Header2}; _ -> % error reading secondary header too % return the error, no need to log anything as the caller will be responsible for dealing with the error. Error end end, case Result of {ok, {pointer_to_header_data, Ptr}} -> pread_term(Fd, Ptr); _ -> Result end. % 09 UPGRADE CODE extract_header(Prefix, Bin) -> SizeOfPrefix = size(Prefix), SizeOfTermBin = ?HEADER_SIZE - SizeOfPrefix - 16, % md5 sig <> = Bin, % check the header prefix case HeaderPrefix of Prefix -> % check the integrity signature case couch_util:md5(TermBin) == Sig of true -> Header = binary_to_term(TermBin), {ok, Header}; false -> header_corrupt end; _ -> unknown_header_type end. % 09 UPGRADE CODE write_old_header(Fd, Prefix, Data) -> TermBin = term_to_binary(Data), % the size of all the bytes written to the header, including the md5 signature (16 bytes) FilledSize = byte_size(Prefix) + byte_size(TermBin) + 16, {TermBin2, FilledSize2} = case FilledSize > ?HEADER_SIZE of true -> % too big! {ok, Pos} = append_binary(Fd, TermBin), PtrBin = term_to_binary({pointer_to_header_data, Pos}), {PtrBin, byte_size(Prefix) + byte_size(PtrBin) + 16}; false -> {TermBin, FilledSize} end, ok = file:sync(Fd), % pad out the header with zeros, then take the md5 hash PadZeros = <<0:(8*(?HEADER_SIZE - FilledSize2))>>, Sig = couch_util:md5([TermBin2, PadZeros]), % now we assemble the final header binary and write to disk WriteBin = <>, ?HEADER_SIZE = size(WriteBin), % sanity check DblWriteBin = [WriteBin, WriteBin], ok = file:pwrite(Fd, 0, DblWriteBin), ok = file:sync(Fd). handle_cast(close, Fd) -> {stop,normal,Fd}. code_change(_OldVsn, State, _Extra) -> {ok, State}. handle_info(maybe_close, Fd) -> case process_info(self(), monitored_by) of {monitored_by, [_StatsCollector]} -> {stop, normal, Fd}; {monitored_by, []} -> ?LOG_ERROR("~p ~p is un-monitored, maybe stats collector died", [?MODULE, self()]), {stop, normal, Fd}; _Else -> erlang:send_after(10000, self(), maybe_close), {noreply, Fd} end; handle_info({'EXIT', _, normal}, Fd) -> {noreply, Fd}; handle_info({'EXIT', _, Reason}, Fd) -> {stop, Reason, Fd}. find_header(_Fd, -1) -> no_valid_header; find_header(Fd, Block) -> case (catch load_header(Fd, Block)) of {ok, Bin} -> {ok, Bin}; _Error -> find_header(Fd, Block -1) end. load_header(Fd, Block) -> {ok, <<1, HeaderLen:32/integer, RestBlock/binary>>} = file:pread(Fd, Block * ?SIZE_BLOCK, ?SIZE_BLOCK), TotalBytes = calculate_total_read_len(1, HeaderLen), case TotalBytes > byte_size(RestBlock) of false -> <> = RestBlock; true -> {ok, Missing} = file:pread( Fd, (Block * ?SIZE_BLOCK) + 5 + byte_size(RestBlock), TotalBytes - byte_size(RestBlock)), RawBin = <> end, <> = iolist_to_binary(remove_block_prefixes(5, RawBin)), Md5Sig = couch_util:md5(HeaderBin), {ok, HeaderBin}. maybe_read_more_iolist(Buffer, DataSize, _, _) when DataSize =< byte_size(Buffer) -> <> = Buffer, [Data]; maybe_read_more_iolist(Buffer, DataSize, NextPos, File) -> {Missing, _} = read_raw_iolist_int(File, NextPos, DataSize - byte_size(Buffer)), [Buffer, Missing]. -spec read_raw_iolist_int(#file{}, Pos::non_neg_integer(), Len::non_neg_integer()) -> {Data::iolist(), CurPos::non_neg_integer()}. read_raw_iolist_int(Fd, {Pos, _Size}, Len) -> % 0110 UPGRADE CODE read_raw_iolist_int(Fd, Pos, Len); read_raw_iolist_int(#file{fd=Fd, tail_append_begin=TAB}, Pos, Len) -> BlockOffset = Pos rem ?SIZE_BLOCK, TotalBytes = calculate_total_read_len(BlockOffset, Len), {ok, <>} = file:pread(Fd, Pos, TotalBytes), if Pos >= TAB -> {remove_block_prefixes(BlockOffset, RawBin), Pos + TotalBytes}; true -> % 09 UPGRADE CODE <> = RawBin, {[ReturnBin], Pos + Len} end. -spec extract_md5(iolist()) -> {binary(), iolist()}. extract_md5(FullIoList) -> {Md5List, IoList} = split_iolist(FullIoList, 16, []), {iolist_to_binary(Md5List), IoList}. calculate_total_read_len(0, FinalLen) -> calculate_total_read_len(1, FinalLen) + 1; calculate_total_read_len(BlockOffset, FinalLen) -> case ?SIZE_BLOCK - BlockOffset of BlockLeft when BlockLeft >= FinalLen -> FinalLen; BlockLeft -> FinalLen + ((FinalLen - BlockLeft) div (?SIZE_BLOCK -1)) + if ((FinalLen - BlockLeft) rem (?SIZE_BLOCK -1)) =:= 0 -> 0; true -> 1 end end. remove_block_prefixes(_BlockOffset, <<>>) -> []; remove_block_prefixes(0, <<_BlockPrefix,Rest/binary>>) -> remove_block_prefixes(1, Rest); remove_block_prefixes(BlockOffset, Bin) -> BlockBytesAvailable = ?SIZE_BLOCK - BlockOffset, case size(Bin) of Size when Size > BlockBytesAvailable -> <> = Bin, [DataBlock | remove_block_prefixes(0, Rest)]; _Size -> [Bin] end. make_blocks(_BlockOffset, []) -> []; make_blocks(0, IoList) -> [<<0>> | make_blocks(1, IoList)]; make_blocks(BlockOffset, IoList) -> case split_iolist(IoList, (?SIZE_BLOCK - BlockOffset), []) of {Begin, End} -> [Begin | make_blocks(0, End)]; _SplitRemaining -> IoList end. %% @doc Returns a tuple where the first element contains the leading SplitAt %% bytes of the original iolist, and the 2nd element is the tail. If SplitAt %% is larger than byte_size(IoList), return the difference. -spec split_iolist(IoList::iolist(), SplitAt::non_neg_integer(), Acc::list()) -> {iolist(), iolist()} | non_neg_integer(). split_iolist(List, 0, BeginAcc) -> {lists:reverse(BeginAcc), List}; split_iolist([], SplitAt, _BeginAcc) -> SplitAt; split_iolist([<> | Rest], SplitAt, BeginAcc) when SplitAt > byte_size(Bin) -> split_iolist(Rest, SplitAt - byte_size(Bin), [Bin | BeginAcc]); split_iolist([<> | Rest], SplitAt, BeginAcc) -> <> = Bin, split_iolist([End | Rest], 0, [Begin | BeginAcc]); split_iolist([Sublist| Rest], SplitAt, BeginAcc) when is_list(Sublist) -> case split_iolist(Sublist, SplitAt, BeginAcc) of {Begin, End} -> {Begin, [End | Rest]}; SplitRemaining -> split_iolist(Rest, SplitAt - (SplitAt - SplitRemaining), [Sublist | BeginAcc]) end; split_iolist([Byte | Rest], SplitAt, BeginAcc) when is_integer(Byte) -> split_iolist(Rest, SplitAt - 1, [Byte | BeginAcc]).