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+%% @author Emad El-Haraty <emad@mochimedia.com>
+%% @copyright 2007 Mochi Media, Inc.
+
+%% @doc HTTP Cookie parsing and generating (RFC 2109, RFC 2965).
+
+-module(mochiweb_cookies).
+-export([parse_cookie/1, cookie/3, cookie/2]).
+
+-define(QUOTE, $\").
+
+-define(IS_WHITESPACE(C),
+ (C =:= $\s orelse C =:= $\t orelse C =:= $\r orelse C =:= $\n)).
+
+%% RFC 2616 separators (called tspecials in RFC 2068)
+-define(IS_SEPARATOR(C),
+ (C < 32 orelse
+ C =:= $\s orelse C =:= $\t orelse
+ C =:= $( orelse C =:= $) orelse C =:= $< orelse C =:= $> orelse
+ C =:= $@ orelse C =:= $, orelse C =:= $; orelse C =:= $: orelse
+ C =:= $\\ orelse C =:= $\" orelse C =:= $/ orelse
+ C =:= $[ orelse C =:= $] orelse C =:= $? orelse C =:= $= orelse
+ C =:= ${ orelse C =:= $})).
+
+%% @type proplist() = [{Key::string(), Value::string()}].
+%% @type header() = {Name::string(), Value::string()}.
+
+%% @spec cookie(Key::string(), Value::string()) -> header()
+%% @doc Short-hand for <code>cookie(Key, Value, [])</code>.
+cookie(Key, Value) ->
+ cookie(Key, Value, []).
+
+%% @spec cookie(Key::string(), Value::string(), Options::[Option]) -> header()
+%% where Option = {max_age, integer()} | {local_time, {date(), time()}}
+%% | {domain, string()} | {path, string()}
+%% | {secure, true | false} | {http_only, true | false}
+%%
+%% @doc Generate a Set-Cookie header field tuple.
+cookie(Key, Value, Options) ->
+ Cookie = [any_to_list(Key), "=", quote(Value), "; Version=1"],
+ %% Set-Cookie:
+ %% Comment, Domain, Max-Age, Path, Secure, Version
+ %% Set-Cookie2:
+ %% Comment, CommentURL, Discard, Domain, Max-Age, Path, Port, Secure,
+ %% Version
+ ExpiresPart =
+ case proplists:get_value(max_age, Options) of
+ undefined ->
+ "";
+ RawAge ->
+ When = case proplists:get_value(local_time, Options) of
+ undefined ->
+ calendar:local_time();
+ LocalTime ->
+ LocalTime
+ end,
+ Age = case RawAge < 0 of
+ true ->
+ 0;
+ false ->
+ RawAge
+ end,
+ ["; Expires=", age_to_cookie_date(Age, When),
+ "; Max-Age=", quote(Age)]
+ end,
+ SecurePart =
+ case proplists:get_value(secure, Options) of
+ true ->
+ "; Secure";
+ _ ->
+ ""
+ end,
+ DomainPart =
+ case proplists:get_value(domain, Options) of
+ undefined ->
+ "";
+ Domain ->
+ ["; Domain=", quote(Domain)]
+ end,
+ PathPart =
+ case proplists:get_value(path, Options) of
+ undefined ->
+ "";
+ Path ->
+ ["; Path=", quote(Path)]
+ end,
+ HttpOnlyPart =
+ case proplists:get_value(http_only, Options) of
+ true ->
+ "; HttpOnly";
+ _ ->
+ ""
+ end,
+ CookieParts = [Cookie, ExpiresPart, SecurePart, DomainPart, PathPart, HttpOnlyPart],
+ {"Set-Cookie", lists:flatten(CookieParts)}.
+
+
+%% Every major browser incorrectly handles quoted strings in a
+%% different and (worse) incompatible manner. Instead of wasting time
+%% writing redundant code for each browser, we restrict cookies to
+%% only contain characters that browsers handle compatibly.
+%%
+%% By replacing the definition of quote with this, we generate
+%% RFC-compliant cookies:
+%%
+%% quote(V) ->
+%% Fun = fun(?QUOTE, Acc) -> [$\\, ?QUOTE | Acc];
+%% (Ch, Acc) -> [Ch | Acc]
+%% end,
+%% [?QUOTE | lists:foldr(Fun, [?QUOTE], V)].
+
+%% Convert to a string and raise an error if quoting is required.
+quote(V0) ->
+ V = any_to_list(V0),
+ lists:all(fun(Ch) -> Ch =:= $/ orelse not ?IS_SEPARATOR(Ch) end, V)
+ orelse erlang:error({cookie_quoting_required, V}),
+ V.
+
+add_seconds(Secs, LocalTime) ->
+ Greg = calendar:datetime_to_gregorian_seconds(LocalTime),
+ calendar:gregorian_seconds_to_datetime(Greg + Secs).
+
+age_to_cookie_date(Age, LocalTime) ->
+ httpd_util:rfc1123_date(add_seconds(Age, LocalTime)).
+
+%% @spec parse_cookie(string()) -> [{K::string(), V::string()}]
+%% @doc Parse the contents of a Cookie header field, ignoring cookie
+%% attributes, and return a simple property list.
+parse_cookie("") ->
+ [];
+parse_cookie(Cookie) ->
+ parse_cookie(Cookie, []).
+
+%% Internal API
+
+parse_cookie([], Acc) ->
+ lists:reverse(Acc);
+parse_cookie(String, Acc) ->
+ {{Token, Value}, Rest} = read_pair(String),
+ Acc1 = case Token of
+ "" ->
+ Acc;
+ "$" ++ _ ->
+ Acc;
+ _ ->
+ [{Token, Value} | Acc]
+ end,
+ parse_cookie(Rest, Acc1).
+
+read_pair(String) ->
+ {Token, Rest} = read_token(skip_whitespace(String)),
+ {Value, Rest1} = read_value(skip_whitespace(Rest)),
+ {{Token, Value}, skip_past_separator(Rest1)}.
+
+read_value([$= | Value]) ->
+ Value1 = skip_whitespace(Value),
+ case Value1 of
+ [?QUOTE | _] ->
+ read_quoted(Value1);
+ _ ->
+ read_token(Value1)
+ end;
+read_value(String) ->
+ {"", String}.
+
+read_quoted([?QUOTE | String]) ->
+ read_quoted(String, []).
+
+read_quoted([], Acc) ->
+ {lists:reverse(Acc), []};
+read_quoted([?QUOTE | Rest], Acc) ->
+ {lists:reverse(Acc), Rest};
+read_quoted([$\\, Any | Rest], Acc) ->
+ read_quoted(Rest, [Any | Acc]);
+read_quoted([C | Rest], Acc) ->
+ read_quoted(Rest, [C | Acc]).
+
+skip_whitespace(String) ->
+ F = fun (C) -> ?IS_WHITESPACE(C) end,
+ lists:dropwhile(F, String).
+
+read_token(String) ->
+ F = fun (C) -> not ?IS_SEPARATOR(C) end,
+ lists:splitwith(F, String).
+
+skip_past_separator([]) ->
+ [];
+skip_past_separator([$; | Rest]) ->
+ Rest;
+skip_past_separator([$, | Rest]) ->
+ Rest;
+skip_past_separator([_ | Rest]) ->
+ skip_past_separator(Rest).
+
+any_to_list(V) when is_list(V) ->
+ V;
+any_to_list(V) when is_atom(V) ->
+ atom_to_list(V);
+any_to_list(V) when is_binary(V) ->
+ binary_to_list(V);
+any_to_list(V) when is_integer(V) ->
+ integer_to_list(V).
+
+%%
+%% Tests
+%%
+-include_lib("eunit/include/eunit.hrl").
+-ifdef(TEST).
+
+quote_test() ->
+ %% ?assertError eunit macro is not compatible with coverage module
+ try quote(":wq")
+ catch error:{cookie_quoting_required, ":wq"} -> ok
+ end,
+ ?assertEqual(
+ "foo",
+ quote(foo)),
+ ok.
+
+parse_cookie_test() ->
+ %% RFC example
+ C1 = "$Version=\"1\"; Customer=\"WILE_E_COYOTE\"; $Path=\"/acme\";
+ Part_Number=\"Rocket_Launcher_0001\"; $Path=\"/acme\";
+ Shipping=\"FedEx\"; $Path=\"/acme\"",
+ ?assertEqual(
+ [{"Customer","WILE_E_COYOTE"},
+ {"Part_Number","Rocket_Launcher_0001"},
+ {"Shipping","FedEx"}],
+ parse_cookie(C1)),
+ %% Potential edge cases
+ ?assertEqual(
+ [{"foo", "x"}],
+ parse_cookie("foo=\"\\x\"")),
+ ?assertEqual(
+ [],
+ parse_cookie("=")),
+ ?assertEqual(
+ [{"foo", ""}, {"bar", ""}],
+ parse_cookie(" foo ; bar ")),
+ ?assertEqual(
+ [{"foo", ""}, {"bar", ""}],
+ parse_cookie("foo=;bar=")),
+ ?assertEqual(
+ [{"foo", "\";"}, {"bar", ""}],
+ parse_cookie("foo = \"\\\";\";bar ")),
+ ?assertEqual(
+ [{"foo", "\";bar"}],
+ parse_cookie("foo=\"\\\";bar")),
+ ?assertEqual(
+ [],
+ parse_cookie([])),
+ ?assertEqual(
+ [{"foo", "bar"}, {"baz", "wibble"}],
+ parse_cookie("foo=bar , baz=wibble ")),
+ ok.
+
+domain_test() ->
+ ?assertEqual(
+ {"Set-Cookie",
+ "Customer=WILE_E_COYOTE; "
+ "Version=1; "
+ "Domain=acme.com; "
+ "HttpOnly"},
+ cookie("Customer", "WILE_E_COYOTE",
+ [{http_only, true}, {domain, "acme.com"}])),
+ ok.
+
+local_time_test() ->
+ {"Set-Cookie", S} = cookie("Customer", "WILE_E_COYOTE",
+ [{max_age, 111}, {secure, true}]),
+ ?assertMatch(
+ ["Customer=WILE_E_COYOTE",
+ " Version=1",
+ " Expires=" ++ _,
+ " Max-Age=111",
+ " Secure"],
+ string:tokens(S, ";")),
+ ok.
+
+cookie_test() ->
+ C1 = {"Set-Cookie",
+ "Customer=WILE_E_COYOTE; "
+ "Version=1; "
+ "Path=/acme"},
+ C1 = cookie("Customer", "WILE_E_COYOTE", [{path, "/acme"}]),
+ C1 = cookie("Customer", "WILE_E_COYOTE",
+ [{path, "/acme"}, {badoption, "negatory"}]),
+ C1 = cookie('Customer', 'WILE_E_COYOTE', [{path, '/acme'}]),
+ C1 = cookie(<<"Customer">>, <<"WILE_E_COYOTE">>, [{path, <<"/acme">>}]),
+
+ {"Set-Cookie","=NoKey; Version=1"} = cookie("", "NoKey", []),
+ {"Set-Cookie","=NoKey; Version=1"} = cookie("", "NoKey"),
+ LocalTime = calendar:universal_time_to_local_time({{2007, 5, 15}, {13, 45, 33}}),
+ C2 = {"Set-Cookie",
+ "Customer=WILE_E_COYOTE; "
+ "Version=1; "
+ "Expires=Tue, 15 May 2007 13:45:33 GMT; "
+ "Max-Age=0"},
+ C2 = cookie("Customer", "WILE_E_COYOTE",
+ [{max_age, -111}, {local_time, LocalTime}]),
+ C3 = {"Set-Cookie",
+ "Customer=WILE_E_COYOTE; "
+ "Version=1; "
+ "Expires=Wed, 16 May 2007 13:45:50 GMT; "
+ "Max-Age=86417"},
+ C3 = cookie("Customer", "WILE_E_COYOTE",
+ [{max_age, 86417}, {local_time, LocalTime}]),
+ ok.
+
+-endif.
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